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Laface C, Ricci AD, Vallarelli S, Ostuni C, Rizzo A, Ambrogio F, Centonze M, Schirizzi A, De Leonardis G, D’Alessandro R, Lotesoriere C, Giannelli G. Autotaxin-Lysophosphatidate Axis: Promoter of Cancer Development and Possible Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7737. [PMID: 39062979 PMCID: PMC11277072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a member of the ectonucleotide pyrophosphate/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family; it is encoded by the ENPP2 gene. ATX is a secreted glycoprotein and catalyzes the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA is responsible for the transduction of various signal pathways through the interaction with at least six G protein-coupled receptors, LPA Receptors 1 to 6 (LPAR1-6). The ATX-LPA axis is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, such as angiogenesis, embryonic development, inflammation, fibrosis, and obesity. However, significant research also reported its connection to carcinogenesis, immune escape, metastasis, tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cells, and therapeutic resistance. Moreover, several studies suggested ATX and LPA as relevant biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets. In this review of the literature, we aimed to deepen knowledge about the role of the ATX-LPA axis as a promoter of cancer development, progression and invasion, and therapeutic resistance. Finally, we explored its potential application as a prognostic/predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Laface
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Angela Dalia Ricci
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Simona Vallarelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Carmela Ostuni
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Ambrogio
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Centonze
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Schirizzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Giampiero De Leonardis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Rosalba D’Alessandro
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Claudio Lotesoriere
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
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Qi Y, Wang Y, Yuan J, Xu Y, Pan H. Unveiling the therapeutic promise: exploring Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA) signaling in malignant bone tumors for novel cancer treatments. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:204. [PMID: 38943207 PMCID: PMC11212261 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant bone tumors, including primary bone cancer and metastatic bone tumors, are a significant clinical challenge due to their high frequency of presentation, poor prognosis and lack of effective treatments and therapies. Bone tumors are often accompanied by skeletal complications such as bone destruction and cancer-induced bone pain. However, the mechanisms involved in bone cancer progression, bone metastasis and skeletal complications remain unclear. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), an intercellular lipid signaling molecule that exerts a wide range of biological effects mainly through specifically binding to LPA receptors (LPARs), has been found to be present at high levels in the ascites of bone tumor patients. Numerous studies have suggested that LPA plays a role in primary malignant bone tumors, bone metastasis, and skeletal complications. In this review, we summarize the role of LPA signaling in primary bone cancer, bone metastasis and skeletal complications. Modulating LPA signaling may represent a novel avenue for future therapeutic treatments for bone cancer, potentially improving patient prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Qi
- Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Yukai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Yuan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Haili Pan
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China.
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Khalil MI, Yang C, Vu L, Chadha S, Nabors H, Welbon C, James CD, Morgan IM, Spanos WC, Pyeon D. HPV upregulates MARCHF8 ubiquitin ligase and inhibits apoptosis by degrading the death receptors in head and neck cancer. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011171. [PMID: 36867660 PMCID: PMC10016708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane-associated RING-CH-type finger ubiquitin ligase MARCHF8 is a human homolog of the viral ubiquitin ligases Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus K3 and K5 that promote host immune evasion. Previous studies have shown that MARCHF8 ubiquitinates several immune receptors, such as the major histocompatibility complex II and CD86. While human papillomavirus (HPV) does not encode any ubiquitin ligase, the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 are known to regulate host ubiquitin ligases. Here, we report that MARCHF8 expression is upregulated in HPV-positive head and neck cancer (HNC) patients but not in HPV-negative HNC patients compared to normal individuals. The MARCHF8 promoter is highly activated by HPV oncoprotein E6-induced MYC/MAX transcriptional activation. The knockdown of MARCHF8 expression in human HPV-positive HNC cells restores cell surface expression of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) death receptors, FAS, TRAIL-R1, and TRAIL-R2, and enhances apoptosis. MARCHF8 protein directly interacts with and ubiquitinates the TNFRSF death receptors. Further, MARCHF8 knockout in mouse oral cancer cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7 augments cancer cell apoptosis and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Our findings suggest that HPV inhibits host cell apoptosis by upregulating MARCHF8 and degrading TNFRSF death receptors in HPV-positive HNC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I. Khalil
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, Egypt
| | - Canchai Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lexi Vu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Smriti Chadha
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Harrison Nabors
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Craig Welbon
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Claire D. James
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Iain M. Morgan
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - William C. Spanos
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Dohun Pyeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Vít O, Petrák J. Autotaxin and Lysophosphatidic Acid Signalling: the Pleiotropic Regulatory Network in Cancer. Folia Biol (Praha) 2023; 69:149-162. [PMID: 38583176 DOI: 10.14712/fb2023069050149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Autotaxin, also known as ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2, is a secreted glycoprotein that plays multiple roles in human physiology and cancer pathology. This protein, by converting lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidic acid, initiates a complex signalling cascade with significant biological implications. The article outlines the autotaxin gene and protein structure, expression regulation and physiological functions, but focuses mainly on the role of autotaxin in cancer development and progression. Autotaxin and lysophosphatidic acid signalling influence several aspects of cancer, including cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, therapy resistance, and interactions with the immune system. The potential of autotaxin as a diagnostic biomarker and promising drug target is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Vít
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Petrák
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
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Tang X, Brindley DN. Lipid Phosphate Phosphatases and Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091263. [PMID: 32887262 PMCID: PMC7564803 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs) are a group of three enzymes (LPP1–3) that belong to a phospholipid phosphatase (PLPP) family. The LPPs dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of bioactive lipid phosphates, among which lysophosphatidate (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are two important extracellular signaling molecules. The LPPs are integral membrane proteins, which are localized on plasma membranes and intracellular membranes, including the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi network. LPPs regulate signaling transduction in cancer cells and demonstrate different effects in cancer progression through the breakdown of extracellular LPA and S1P and other intracellular substrates. This review is intended to summarize an up-to-date understanding about the functions of LPPs in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada;
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - David N. Brindley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada;
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Tang X, Benesch MGK, Brindley DN. Role of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidate axis in the development of resistance to cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158716. [PMID: 32305571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme that hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to produce lysophosphatidate (LPA), which signals through six G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Signaling through LPA is terminated by its degradation by a family of three lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). LPP1 also attenuates signaling downstream of the activation of LPA receptors and some other GPCRs. The ATX-LPA axis mediates a plethora of activities such as cell proliferation, survival, migration, angiogenesis and inflammation, which perform an important role in facilitating wound healing. This wound healing response is hijacked by cancers where there is decreased expression of LPP1 and LPP3 and increased expression of ATX. This maladaptive regulation of LPA signaling also causes chronic inflammation, which has been recognized as one of the hallmarks in cancer. The increased LPA signaling promotes cell survival and migration and attenuates apoptosis, which stimulates tumor growth and metastasis. The wound healing functions of increased LPA signaling also protect cancer cells from effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we will summarize knowledge of the ATX-LPA axis and its role in the development of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We will also offer insights for developing strategies of targeting ATX-LPA axis as a novel part of cancer treatment. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Lysophospholipids and their receptors: New data and new insights into their function edited by Susan Smyth, Viswanathan Natarajan and Colleen McMullen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Matthew G K Benesch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Discipline of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - David N Brindley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada.
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Zhang G, Cheng Y, Zhang Q, Li X, Zhou J, Wang J, Wei L. ATX‑LPA axis facilitates estrogen‑induced endometrial cancer cell proliferation via MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4245-4252. [PMID: 29328374 PMCID: PMC5802196 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a key enzyme that converts lysophosphatidylcholine to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). ATX is a crucial factor that facilitates cancer progression; however, the effect of ATX on endometrial cancer has not been explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ATX in the progression of endometrial cancer. The immunohistochemical results revealed higher protein expression levels of ATX and LPA receptors (LPA 1, 2 and 3) in human endometrial cancer tissue than in non-carcinoma tissue. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis demonstrated that ATX and LPA receptor mRNA and protein expression was greater in Ishikawa cells, which are positive for estrogen receptor (ER), than in Hec-1A cells that exhibit low ER expression. Short interfering RNA knockdown of ATX in Ishikawa cells led to decreased cell proliferation and cell colony number, as determined by Cell Counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Estrogen stimulated ATX mRNA expression. Inhibition of ATX decreased estrogen and LPA-induced cell proliferation. High LPA levels markedly elevated the phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). ATX downregulation moderately decreased estrogen- and LPA-induced phosphorylation of ERK. In addition, the ERK inhibitor, PD98059, reduced cell proliferation with estrogen, ATX and LPA treatment. The present study suggested that the ATX-LPA axis may facilitate estrogen-induced cell proliferation in endometrial cancer via the mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK signaling pathway. The present study may provide ideas and an experimental basis for clinicians to identify new molecular targeted drugs for the treatment of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Jianliu Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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Lysophosphatidic Acid Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by Cisplatin in Cervical Cancer Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:598386. [PMID: 26366416 PMCID: PMC4558435 DOI: 10.1155/2015/598386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) level has been found significantly increased in the serum of patients with ovarian, cervical, and colon cancers. LPA level in cervical cancer patients is significantly higher than in healthy controls. LPA receptors were found highly expressed in cervical cancer cells, suggesting LPA may play a role in the development of cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of LPA on the apoptosis induced by cisplatin (DDP) in cervical cancer cell line and the underlying changes in signaling pathways. Our study found that cisplatin induced apoptosis of Hela cell through inhibiting expression of Bcl-2, upregulating the expression of Bax, Fas-L, and the enzyme activity of caspase-3 (p < 0.05); LPA significantly provided protection against the apoptosis induced by cisplatin by inhibiting the above alterations in apoptotic factor caused by cisplatin (p < 0.05). Moreover, PI3K/AKT pathway was found to be important for the LPA antiapoptosis effect, and administration of PI3K/AKT partially reversed the LPA-mediated protection against cisplatin-induced apoptosis (p < 0.05). These findings have shed new lights on the LPA bioactivity in cervical cancer cells and pointed to a possible sensitization scheme through combined administration of PI3K inhibitor and cisplatin for better treatment of cervical cancer patients, especially those with elevated LPA levels.
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Barbayianni E, Kaffe E, Aidinis V, Kokotos G. Autotaxin, a secreted lysophospholipase D, as a promising therapeutic target in chronic inflammation and cancer. Prog Lipid Res 2015; 58:76-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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CD95 engagement mediates actin-independent and -dependent apoptotic signals. Cell Death Differ 2009; 16:1654-64. [DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Kim MM, Mendis E, Kim SK. Laurencia okamurai extract containing laurinterol induces apoptosis in melanoma cells. J Med Food 2008; 11:260-6. [PMID: 18598167 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Laurinterol is a marine sesquiterpene that has been known to have antimicrobial activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Laurencia okamurai extract containing laurinterol (LOEL) on induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells (B16F1). Anticancer activity of LOEL against melanoma cells was shown in a dose-dependent manner by the 1-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. It was for the first time found that LOEL exhibited an excellent effect on the induction of apoptosis as determined by DNA fragmentation, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP in situ nick-end labeling assay, cell cycle analysis, and measurement of activities of several caspases in melanoma cells. It was also demonstrated that transcriptional activation of p53, a tumor suppressor gene, and activation of p21 promoter by LOEL were involved in the induction of apoptosis by reporter gene assay. In particular, western blot analysis confirmed that LOEL above 5 microg/mL significantly increased the expression level of phospho-p53, the active form. These results indicate that LOEL can induce apoptosis through a p53-dependent pathway in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Moo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Ariztia EV, Lee CJ, Gogoi R, Fishman DA. The Tumor Microenvironment: Key to Early Detection. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2008; 43:393-425. [PMID: 17050079 DOI: 10.1080/10408360600778836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays an important role equal to the tumor cell population in the progression of cancer. Consisting of stromal fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, components of the vasculature, normal epithelia, and extracellular matrix, the surrounding environment interacts or "cross-talks" with tumor cells through the release of growth factors, cytokines, proteases, and other bioactive molecules. Tumor growth, formation of new vascular networks, evasion of the host immune system, and invasion and metastasis are processes that co-evolve and become finely optimized and regulated within the tumor microenvironment. However, relatively recent reports on three areas of study have come together to add new levels of complexity to the tumor microenvironment. These include ectodomain shedding of proteins, shedding of membrane-derived vesicles, and novel roles for phospholipids. These dynamic changes that take place in the tumor microenvironment provide new avenues for study and for the early detection of cancer, whereas proteomic technologies provide the means to detect these unique proteins and lipids. Here we review the evolving concepts of the tumor microenvironment that, together with advances in proteomic technologies, hold the promise to facilitate the detection of early-stage cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo V Ariztia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Bénéteau M, Pizon M, Chaigne-Delalande B, Daburon S, Moreau P, De Giorgi F, Ichas F, Rebillard A, Dimanche-Boitrel MT, Taupin JL, Moreau JF, Legembre P. Localization of Fas/CD95 into the lipid rafts on down-modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway. Mol Cancer Res 2008; 6:604-13. [PMID: 18403639 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-07-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is known to protect tumor cells from apoptosis and more specifically from the Fas-mediated apoptotic signal. The antitumoral agent edelfosine sensitizes leukemic cells to death by inducing the redistribution of the apoptotic receptor Fas into plasma membrane subdomains called lipid rafts. Herein, we show that inhibition of the PI3K signal by edelfosine triggers a Fas-mediated apoptotic signal independently of the Fas/FasL interaction. Furthermore, similarly to edelfosine, blockade of the PI3K activity, using specific inhibitors LY294002 and wortmannin, leads to the clustering of Fas whose supramolecular complex is colocalized within the lipid rafts. These findings indicate that the antitumoral agent edelfosine down-modulates the PI3K signal to sensitize tumor cells to death through the redistribution of Fas into large platform of membrane rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bénéteau
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Unite Mixte de Recherche 5164, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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Schiller M, Franz S, Heyder P, Voll RE, Gaipl US, Lorenz HM, Kalden JR, Herrmann M. Hypothesis: human serum-borne albumin bound lipids promote cellular survival after apoptosis induction by a variety of stimuli. Apoptosis 2007; 13:319-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-007-0168-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kang S, Luo R, Smicun Y, Fishman DA, Meng Y. Selective induction of cyclooxygenase-2 plays a role in lysophosphatidic acid regulated Fas ligand cell surface presentation. FEBS Lett 2005; 580:443-9. [PMID: 16376882 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2005] [Revised: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 12/08/2005] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies found that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) upregulated Fas ligand (FasL) presentation on the ovarian cancer cell surface and lead to apoptosis of activated lymphocytes. In this report, we investigated the role of selective induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) in FasL cell surface presentation stimulated by LPA. Ovarian cancer cells pretreated with general aspirin derivative acetylsalicylic acid and specific Cox-2 inhibitor (NS-398) before stimulation with LPA, FasL cell surface presentation was significantly blocked, so was the apoptosis of activated lymphocytes mediated by increasing FasL on the ovarian cancer cell surface. Using the specific inhibitors PD98059, AG1478 or dominant-negative epidermal-growth-factor receptor (EGFR-DN) plasmid, we found that the activation of ERK1/2 played a role in Cox-2 induction, and the transactivation of EGFR worked as an upstream signaling pathway in ERK1/2 phosphorylation. This study first revealed the selective induction of Cox-2 by LPA led to FasL presentation on ovarian cancer cell surface and provide cancer cell immune privilege, and might provide important information of Cox-2 in cancer progression and Cox-2 inhibitors' application in cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Kang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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