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Kinnaird JH, Singh M, Gillan V, Weir W, Calder EDD, Hostettler I, Tatu U, Devaney E, Shiels BR. Characterization of HSP90 isoforms in transformed bovine leukocytes infected with Theileria annulata. Cell Microbiol 2016; 19. [PMID: 27649068 PMCID: PMC5333456 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
HSP90 chaperones are essential regulators of cellular function, as they ensure the appropriate conformation of multiple key client proteins. Four HSP90 isoforms were identified in the protozoan parasite Theileria annulata. Partial characterization was undertaken for three and localization confirmed for cytoplasmic (TA12105), endoplasmic reticulum (TA06470), and apicoplast (TA10720) forms. ATPase activity and binding to the HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin were demonstrated for recombinant TA12105, and all three native forms could be isolated to varying extents by binding to geldanamycin beads. Because it is essential, HSP90 is considered a potential therapeutic drug target. Resistance to the only specific Theileriacidal drug is increasing, and one challenge for design of drugs that target the parasite is to limit the effect on the host. An in vitro cell culture system that allows comparison between uninfected bovine cells and the T. annulata‐infected counterpart was utilized to test the effects of geldanamycin and the derivative 17‐AAG. T. annulata‐infected cells had greater tolerance to geldanamycin than uninfected cells yet exhibited significantly more sensitivity to 17‐AAG. These findings suggest that parasite HSP90 isoform(s) can alter the drug sensitivity of infected host cells and that members of the Theileria HSP90 family are potential targets worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane H Kinnaird
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Meetali Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Victoria Gillan
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - William Weir
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Ewen D D Calder
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Isabel Hostettler
- Institute for Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Utpal Tatu
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Eileen Devaney
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Brian R Shiels
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
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A member of the HSP90 family from ovine Babesia in China: molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis and antigenicity. Parasitology 2015; 142:1387-97. [PMID: 26156495 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182015000797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a key component of the molecular chaperone complex essential for activating many signalling proteins involved in the development and progression of pathogenic cellular transformation. A Hsp90 gene (BQHsp90) was cloned and characterized from Babesia sp. BQ1 (Lintan), an ovine Babesia isolate belonging to Babesia motasi-like group, by screening a cDNA expression library and performing rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length cDNA of BQHsp90 is 2399 bp with an open reading frame of 2154 bp encoding a predicted 83 kDa polypeptide with 717 amino acid residues. It shows significant homology and similar structural characteristics to Hsp90 of other apicomplex organisms. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the HSP90 amino acid sequences, showed that the Babesia genus is clearly separated from other apicomplexa genera. Five Chinese ovine Babesia isolates were divided into 2 phylogenetic clusters, namely Babesia sp. Xinjiang (previously designated a new species) cluster and B. motasi-like cluster which could be further divided into 2 subclusters (Babesia sp. BQ1 (Lintan)/Babesia sp. Tianzhu and Babesia sp. BQ1 (Ningxian)/Babesia sp. Hebei). Finally, the antigenicity of rBQHSP90 protein from prokaryotic expression was also evaluated using western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
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Schmuckli-Maurer J, Kinnaird J, Pillai S, Hermann P, McKellar S, Weir W, Dobbelaere D, Shiels B. Modulation of NF-kappaB activation in Theileria annulata-infected cloned cell lines is associated with detection of parasite-dependent IKK signalosomes and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. Cell Microbiol 2009; 12:158-73. [PMID: 19804486 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2009.01386.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites within the genus Theileria have the ability to induce continuous proliferation and prevent apoptosis of the infected bovine leukocyte. Protection against apoptosis involves constitutive activation of the bovine transcription factor NF-kappaB in a parasite-dependent manner. Activation of NF-kappaB is thought to involve recruitment of IKK signalosomes at the surface of the macroschizont stage of the parasite, and it has been postulated that additional host proteins with adaptor or scaffolding function may be involved in signalosome formation. In this study two clonal cell lines were identified that show marked differences in the level of activated NF-kappaB. Further characterization of these lines demonstrated that elevated levels of activated NF-kappaB correlated with increased resistance to cell death and detection of parasite-associated IKK signalosomes, supporting results of our previous studies. Evidence was also provided for the existence of host- and parasite-dependent NF-kappaB activation pathways that are influenced by the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton. Despite this influence, it appears that the primary event required for formation of the parasite-dependent IKK signalosome is likely to be an interaction between a signalosome component and a parasite-encoded surface ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Schmuckli-Maurer
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Department of Clinical Research and VPH, Vetsuisse Faculty Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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