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Zhang LL, Jia BW, Zhuo ZP, Wang HY, Yang Q, Gao W, Ju YN. Ac2-26 Reduced Lung Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass via the AKT1/GSK3β/eNOS Pathway. J Surg Res 2024; 301:324-335. [PMID: 39013279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) leads to severe inflammation and lung injury. Our previous study showed that Ac2-26 (an active n-terminal peptide of Annexin A1) can reduce acute lung injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ac2-26 on lung injury in CPB rats. METHODS Forty rats were randomly divided into the sham, CPB, Ac, Ac/serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), and Ac/ glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β groups. The rats in the sham group only received anesthesia, intubation, and cannulation. The rats in the other 4 groups received the standard CPB procedure. The rats in the CPB, Ac, Ac/AKT1, and Ac/GSK3β groups were immediately injected with saline, Ac2-26 (1 mg/kg), Ac2-26 combined with short hairpin RNA (AKT1), or Ac2-26 combined with a GSK3β inhibitor after CPB. At 12 h after the end of CPB, the PaO2/ fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, wet/dry weight ratio and protein content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were recorded. The numbers of macrophages and neutrophils in the BALF and blood were determined. Cytokine levels in the blood and BALF were investigated. Lung tissue histology and apoptosis were estimated. The expression of nuclear factor kappa- B, AKT1, GSK3β, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and apoptosis-related proteins was analyzed. The survival of all the rats was recorded. RESULTS Compared with the rats in the sham group, all the parameters examined worsened in the rats that received CPB. Compared with those in the CPB group, Ac2-26 significantly improved pulmonary capillary permeability, reduced cytokine levels, and decreased histological scores and apoptosis. The protective effect of Ac2-26 on lung injury was significantly reversed by AKT1 short hairpin RNA or a GSK3β inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Ac2-26 significantly reduced lung injury and inflammation after CPB. The protective effect of Ac2-26 mainly depended on the AKT1/GSK3β/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bao-Wei Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zi-Peng Zhuo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong-Ying Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Ying-Nan Ju
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Xing XC, Liu ZY, Yang Q, Jia BW, Qiu L, Zhang LL, Gao W. Ac2-26 reduced the liver injury after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats via AKT1/GSK3β/eNOS pathway. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:312. [PMID: 38824570 PMCID: PMC11143710 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE About 10% of patients after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) would undergo acute liver injury, which aggravated the mortality of patients. Ac2-26 has been demonstrated to ameliorate organic injury by inhibiting inflammation. The present study aims to evaluate the effect and mechanism of Ac2-26 on acute liver injury after CPB. METHODS A total of 32 SD rats were randomized into sham, CPB, Ac, and Ac/AKT1 groups. The rats only received anesthesia, and rats in other groups received CPB. The rats in Ac/AKT1 were pre-injected with the shRNA to interfere with the expression of AKT1. The rats in CPB were injected with saline, and rats in Ac and Ac/AKT1 groups were injected with Ac2-26. After 12 h of CPB, all the rats were sacrificed and the peripheral blood and liver samples were collected to analyze. The inflammatory factors in serum and liver were detected. The liver function was tested, and the pathological injury of liver tissue was evaluated. RESULTS Compared with the sham group, the inflammatory factors, liver function, and pathological injury were worsened after CPB. Compared with the CPB group, the Ac2-26 significantly decreased the pro-inflammatory factors and increased the anti-inflammatory factor, improved liver function, and ameliorated the pathological injury. All the therapeutic effects of Ac2-26 were notably attenuated by the shRNA of AKT1. The Ac2-26 increased the GSK3β and eNOS, and this promotion was inhibited by the shRNA. CONCLUSION The Ac2-26 significantly treated the liver injury, inhibited inflammation, and improved liver function. The effect of Ac2-26 on liver injury induced by CPB was partly associated with the promotion of AKT1/GSK3β/eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Chun Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zi-Ying Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Bao-Wei Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
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Meshram S, Verma VK, Mutneja E, Sahu AK, Malik S, Mishra P, Bhatia J, Arya DS. Evidence-based mechanistic role of chrysin towards protection of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in rats. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-14. [PMID: 35177130 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is the enlargement of cardiomyocytes in response to persistent release of catecholamine which further leads to cardiac fibrosis. Chrysin, flavonoid from honey, is well known for its multifarious properties like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and anti-apoptotic. To investigate the cardioprotective potential of chrysin against isoproterenol (ISO), cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis are induced in rats. Acclimatised male albino Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (n 6): normal (carboxymethyl cellulose at 0·5 % p.o.; as vehicle), hypertrophy control (ISO 3 mg/kg, s.c.), CHY15 + H, CHY30 + H & CHY60 + H (chrysin; p.o.15, 30 and 60 mg/kg respectively + ISO at 3 mg/kg, s.c.), CHY60 (chrysin 60 mg/kg in per se) and LST + H (losartan 10 mg/kg p.o. + ISO 3 mg/kg, s.c.) were treated for 28 d. After the dosing schedule on day 29, haemodynamic parameters were recorded, after that blood and heart were excised for biochemical, histological, ultra-structural and molecular evaluations. ISO administration significantly increases heart weight:body weight ratio, pro-oxidants, inflammatory and cardiac injury markers. Further, histopathological, ultra-structural and molecular studies confirmed deteriorative changes due to ISO administration. Pre-treatment with chrysin of 60 mg/kg reversed the ISO-induced damage to myocardium and prevent cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through various anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-fibrotic pathways. Data demonstrated that chrysin attenuated myocardial hypertrophy and prevented fibrosis via activation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Smad signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Meshram
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Verma
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
| | - Ekta Mutneja
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sahu
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
| | - Salma Malik
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
| | - Dharamvir S Arya
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi110029, India
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Zheng Z, Shi X, Xiang Y, Zhang A, Fang Y. Involvement of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2A in the Pathophysiology of Medication-Overuse Headache. J Pain Res 2021; 14:453-461. [PMID: 33623427 PMCID: PMC7896776 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s283734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies indicated that analgesic overuse upregulated 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (5-HT2AR) and subsequently activated nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and thus induced latent sensitization, which provided a mechanistic basis for medication-overuse headache (MOH). Moreover, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) was regulated by serotonin receptors and the phosphorylation of GSK-3β affected NOS activity, indicating that GSK-3β could be involved in the regulation of NOS activity by 5-HT2AR in MOH pathophysiology. Herein, we performed this study to investigate the role of 5-HT2AR in MOH pathophysiology and the role of GSK-3β in the regulation of NOS activity by 5-HT2AR. Materials and Methods Wistar rats were daily administered with paracetamol (200 mg/kg) for 30 days to set animal models for pre-clinical MOH research. After the rat MOH models were successfully established, the expression of 5-HT2AR and NOS, GSK-3β activity in trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) were assayed. Then, 5-HT2AR antagonist ketanserin and agonist DOI were applied to investigate the effect of 5-HT2AR on NOS activity in TNC of MOH rats, and GSK-3β antagonist LiCl and agonist perifosine were applied to explore the role of GSK-3β in the activation of NOS by 5-HT2AR. Results We found that the expression of 5-HT2AR and NOS, GSK-3β activity were enhanced in TNC of MOH rats. 5-HT2AR modulator regulated the activity of NOS and GSK-3β in TNC of MOH rats, and drugs acting on GSK-3β affected NOS activity. Conclusion These data suggest that GSK-3β may mediate the activation of NOS by 5-HT2AR and underline the role of 5-HT2AR in MOH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xiang
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, 350101, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiwu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
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Ren D, Li F, Cao Q, Gao A, Ai Y, Zhang J. Yangxin granules alleviate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis mediated by AKT/GSK3 β/ β-catenin signaling. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520945161. [PMID: 32780664 PMCID: PMC7425278 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520945161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yangxin granules (YXC), a Chinese herbal medicine, have been confirmed to have clinical benefits in the treatment of heart failure. This study examined the effects and molecular mechanisms of YXC in the treatment of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro. METHODS H9c2 cardiomyocytes were pretreated with YXC (5, 10, or 20 mg/mL) or the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 (50 nM) before doxorubicin treatment (1 µM). Cell apoptosis, viability, inflammatory factor expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and oxidative stress mediator levels including superoxide dismutase, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde were detected. RESULTS YXC increased the viability of H9c2 cells. In addition, doxorubicin inhibited AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling, whereas YXC increased the expression of phosphorylated AKT and GSK3β, and β-catenin in doxorubicin-treated H9c2 cells. Moreover, T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor signaling downstream of β-catenin was also activated by YXC. YXC pretreatment also inhibited doxorubicin-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. However, MK-2206 reversed the effects of YXC in doxorubicin-treated H9c2 cells. CONCLUSIONS YXC alleviates doxorubicin-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in H9c2 cells. These effects might be mediated by the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. YXC might have preventive effects against doxorubicin-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.,College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qingwen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - An Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yingna Ai
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Junru Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.,First School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
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Delaney C, Sherlock L, Fisher S, Maltzahn J, Wright C, Nozik-Grayck E. Serotonin 2A receptor inhibition protects against the development of pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling in neonatal mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 314:L871-L881. [PMID: 29345193 PMCID: PMC6008134 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00215.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) complicating bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) worsens clinical outcomes in former preterm infants. Increased serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) signaling plays a prominent role in PH pathogenesis and progression in adults. We hypothesized that increased 5-HT signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of neonatal PH, complicating BPD and neonatal lung injury. Thus, we investigated 5-HT signaling in neonatal mice exposed to bleomycin, previously demonstrated to induce PH and alveolar simplification. Newborn wild-type mice received intraperitoneal PBS, ketanserin (1 mg/kg), bleomycin (3 U/kg) or bleomycin (3 U/kg) plus ketanserin (1 mg/kg) three times weekly for 3 wk. Following treatment with bleomycin, pulmonary expression of the rate-limiting enzyme of 5-HT synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (Tph1), was significantly increased. Bleomycin did not affect pulmonary 5-HT 2A receptor (R) expression, but did increase pulmonary gene expression of the 5-HT 2BR and serotonin transporter. Treatment with ketanserin attenuated bleomycin-induced PH (increased RVSP and RVH) and pulmonary vascular remodeling (decreased vessel density and increased muscularization of small vessels). In addition, we found that treatment with ketanserin activated pulmonary MAPK and Akt signaling in mice exposed to bleomycin. We conclude that 5-HT signaling is increased in a murine model of neonatal PH and pharmacological inhibition of the 5-HT 2AR protects against the development of PH in neonatal lung injury. We speculate this occurs through restoration of MAPK signaling and increased Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy Delaney
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laurie Sherlock
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Susan Fisher
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Joanne Maltzahn
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Clyde Wright
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Eva Nozik-Grayck
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, Colorado
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Drugs which influence serotonin transporter and serotonergic receptors: Pharmacological and clinical properties in the treatment of depression. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:37-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Li D, Zhang Y, Tang B, Li G, Yang Y, Yang D. Transgenic overexpression of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis in mice. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:601-9. [PMID: 27314441 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel with high permeability to Ca2+. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling is an essential regulator of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) that plays a beneficial role in myocardial fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of TRPV1 in isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis. Transgenic mice overexpressing TRPV1 were generated on a C57BL/6J genetic background. An animal model of myocardial fibrosis was created by subcutaneously injecting the mice with isoproterenol. We found that the wild-type mice exhibited a significant increase in heart/body weight ratio, left ventricle/body weight ratio, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), the cardiac fibrotic lesion area and collagen content, as well as a marked decrease in eNOS phosphorylation and NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels at 2 weeks after the administration of isoproterenol (all p<0.01). However, these changes were significantly attenuated in the TRPV1 transgenic mice (p<0.05 or p<0.01). Moreover, the beneficial effects on myocardial fibrosis exerted by the overexpression of TRPV1 were attenuated by the administration of the eNOS inhibitor, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (all p<0.05). Similar anti-fibrotic effects were observed in in vitro experiments with primary cultured cardiac fibroblasts. The findings of our study suggest that TRPV1 overexpression attenuates isoproterenol‑induced myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Yunrong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - De Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Bing Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Dachun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Jinniu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
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Ge N, Liu C, Li G, Xie L, Zhang Q, Li L, Hao N, Zhang J. Hydrosulfide attenuates acute myocardial ischemic injury through the glycogen synthase kinase-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1281-9. [PMID: 27035393 PMCID: PMC4829127 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The endogenous signaling gasotransmitter, hydrosulfide (H2S), has been shown to exert cardioprotective effects against acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms responsible for these effects are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated whether sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), an H2S donor, attenuates acute myocardial ischemic injury through glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/β-catenin signaling. For this purpose, we utilized an in vivo rat model of AMI by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery. NaHS (0.39, 0.78 or 1.56 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), the GSK-3β inhibitor, SB216763 (0.6 mg/kg, intravenously), or 1% dimethylsulfoxide (2 ml/kg, intravenously) were administered to the rats. The results demonstrated that the administration of medium- and high-dose NaHS and SB216763 significantly improved rat cardiac function, as evidenced by an increase in the mean arterial pressure, left ventricular developed pressure, contraction and relaxation rates, as well as a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In addition, the administration of NaHS and SB216763 attenuated myocardial injury as reflected by a decrease in apoptotic cell death and in the serum lactate dehydrogenase concentrations, and prevented myocardial structural changes. The administration of NaHS and SB216763 increased the concentrations of phosphorylated (p-)GSK-3β, the p-GSK-3β/t-GSK-3β ratio and downstream protein β-catenin. Moreover, western blot and immunohistochemical analyses of apoptotic signaling pathway proteins further established the cardioprotective potential of NaHS, as reflected by the upregulation of Bcl-2 expression, the downregulation of Bax expression, and a decrease in the number of TUNEL-positive stained cells. These findings suggest that hydrosulfide exerts cardioprotective effects against AMI-induced apoptosis through the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
| | - Guofeng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
| | - Qinzeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
| | - Na Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, P.R. China
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Kusumi I, Boku S, Takahashi Y. Psychopharmacology of atypical antipsychotic drugs: From the receptor binding profile to neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015; 69:243-58. [PMID: 25296946 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The original definition of atypical antipsychotic drugs (APD) was drugs that are effective against positive symptoms in schizophrenia with no or little extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). However, atypical APD have been reported to be more effective for cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms in schizophrenia than typical APD, which expands the definition of 'atypicality'. This article provides a critical review of the pharmacology of atypical APD, especially from the viewpoint of receptor binding profiles and neurotransmitter regulations as well as neuroprotection and neurogenesis. A variety of serotonin (5-HT) receptors, such as 5-HT2A / 2C , 5-HT1A , 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptors, may contribute to the mechanisms of action of 'atypicality'. The dopaminergic modulations, including a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a partial D2 receptor agonistic action, and glutamatergic regulations may also be involved in the pharmacological backgrounds of 'atypicality'. Atypical APD, but not typical APD, may facilitate cortical neuroprotection and hippocampal neurogenesis, which might be a part of the action mechanisms of atypical APD. The facilitation of cortical neuroprotection and hippocampal neurogenesis induced by atypical APD might be mediated by an increase in the Ser9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). The stimulation of 5-HT1A receptors and/or the blockade of 5-HT2 receptors, which is characteristic of atypical APD, might increase Ser9 phosphorylation of GSK-3β. Moreover, atypical APD increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. BDNF increases Ser9 phosphorylation of GSK-3β and has neuroprotective and neurogenic effects, as in the case of atypical APD. These findings suggest that GSK-3β might play a role in the action mechanisms of atypical APD, in both the 5-HT-dependent and BDNF-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Ohnuki Y, Umeki D, Mototani Y, Jin H, Cai W, Shiozawa K, Suita K, Saeki Y, Fujita T, Ishikawa Y, Okumura S. Role of cyclic AMP sensor Epac1 in masseter muscle hypertrophy and myosin heavy chain transition induced by β2-adrenoceptor stimulation. J Physiol 2014; 592:5461-75. [PMID: 25344550 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.282996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The predominant isoform of β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) in skeletal muscle is β2-AR and that in the cardiac muscle is β1-AR. We have reported that Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1), a new protein kinase A-independent cAMP sensor, does not affect cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload or chronic isoproterenol (isoprenaline) infusion. However, the role of Epac1 in skeletal muscle hypertrophy remains poorly understood. We thus examined the effect of disruption of Epac1, the major Epac isoform in skeletal muscle, on masseter muscle hypertrophy induced by chronic β2-AR stimulation with clenbuterol (CB) in Epac1-null mice (Epac1KO). The masseter muscle weight/tibial length ratio was similar in wild-type (WT) and Epac1KO at baseline and was significantly increased in WT after CB infusion, but this increase was suppressed in Epac1KO. CB treatment significantly increased the proportion of myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIb at the expense of that of MHC IId/x in both WT and Epac1KO, indicating that Epac1 did not mediate the CB-induced MHC isoform transition towards the faster isoform. The mechanism of suppression of CB-mediated hypertrophy in Epac1KO is considered to involve decreased activation of Akt signalling. In addition, CB-induced histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) phosphorylation on serine 246 mediated by calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII), which plays a role in skeletal muscle hypertrophy, was suppressed in Epac1KO. Our findings suggest that Epac1 plays a role in β2-AR-mediated masseter muscle hypertrophy, probably through activation of both Akt signalling and CaMKII/HDAC4 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Ohnuki
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Umeki
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mototani
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Huiling Jin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Wenqian Cai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kouichi Shiozawa
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Suita
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasutake Saeki
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujita
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okumura
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
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Rani N, Bharti S, Manchanda M, Nag TC, Ray R, Chauhan SS, Kumari S, Arya DS. Regulation of heat shock proteins 27 and 70, p-Akt/p-eNOS and MAPKs by Naringin Dampens myocardial injury and dysfunction in vivo after ischemia/reperfusion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82577. [PMID: 24324809 PMCID: PMC3855773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringin has antioxidant properties that could improve redox-sensitive myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. This study was designed to investigate whether naringin restores the myocardial damage and dysfunction in vivo after IR and the mechanisms underlying its cardioprotective effects. Naringin (20–80 mg/kg/day, p.o.) or saline were administered to rats for 14 days and the myocardial IR injury was induced on 15th day by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery for 45 min and subsequent reperfusion for 60 min. Post-IR rats exhibited pronounced cardiac dysfunction as evidenced by significantly decreased mean arterial pressure, heart rate, +LVdP/dtmax (inotropic state), -LVdP/dtmax (lusitropic state) and increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure as compared to sham group, which was improved by naringin. Further, on histopathological and ultrastructural assessments myocardium and myocytes appeared more normal in structure and the infarct size was reduced significantly in naringin 40 and 80 mg/kg/day group. This amelioration of post-IR-associated cardiac injury by naringin was accompanied by increased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, decreased NO inactivation to nitrotyrosine, amplified protein expressions of Hsp27, Hsp70, β-catenin and increased p-eNOS/eNOS, p-Akt/Akt, and p-ERK/ERK ratio. In addition, IR-induced TNF-α/IKK-β/NF-κB upregulation and JNK phosphorylation were significantly attenuated by naringin. Moreover, western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis of apoptotic signaling pathway further established naringin cardioprotective potential as it upregulated Bcl-2 expression and downregulated Bax and Caspase-3 expression with reduced TUNEL positivity. Naringin also normalized the cardiac injury markers (lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase-MB), endogenous antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase) and lipid peroxidation levels. Thus, naringin restored IR injury by preserving myocardial structural integrity and regulating Hsp27, Hsp70, p-eNOS/p-Akt/p-ERK signaling and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rani
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Bharti
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Manchanda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - T. C. Nag
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruma Ray
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S. S. Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kumari
- Department of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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The cardiac ventricular 5-HT4 receptor is functional in late foetal development and is reactivated in heart failure. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45489. [PMID: 23029047 PMCID: PMC3447799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A positive inotropic responsiveness to serotonin, mediated by 5-HT4 and 5-HT2A receptors, appears in the ventricle of rats with post-infarction congestive heart failure (HF) and pressure overload-induced hypertrophy. A hallmark of HF is a transition towards a foetal genotype which correlates with loss of cardiac functions. Thus, we wanted to investigate whether the foetal and neonatal cardiac ventricle displays serotonin responsiveness. Wistar rat hearts were collected day 3 and 1 before expected birth (days -3 and -1), as well as day 1, 3, 5 and 113 (age matched with Sham and HF) after birth. Hearts from post-infarction HF and sham-operated animals (Sham) were also collected. Heart tissue was examined for mRNA expression of 5-HT4, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B serotonin receptors, 5-HT transporter, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and myosin heavy chain (MHC)-α and MHC-β (real-time quantitative RT-PCR) as well as 5-HT-receptor-mediated increase in contractile function exvivo (electrical field stimulation of ventricular strips from foetal and neonatal rats and left ventricular papillary muscle from adult rats in organ bath). Both 5-HT4 mRNA expression and functional responses were highest at day -3 and decreased gradually to day 5, with a further decrease to adult levels. In HF, receptor mRNA levels and functional responses reappeared, but to lower levels than in the foetal ventricle. The 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptor mRNA levels increased to a maximum immediately after birth, but of these, only the 5-HT2A receptor mediated a positive inotropic response. We suggest that the 5-HT4 receptor is a representative of a foetal cardiac gene program, functional in late foetal development and reactivated in heart failure.
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