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Khan NH, Shahnawaz MG, Patel A, Kashyap P, Singh CB. Resilience among involuntarily childless couples and individuals undergoing infertility treatment: a systematic review. HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:1562-1583. [PMID: 37439133 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2023.2219400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is regarded as a highly stressful and challenging experience. However, the response to this unexpected moment varies from one individual to the other. The review explores research that studies resilience in the context of infertility and its treatment. The purpose was to study the protective and risk factors associated with resilience and to identify psychosocial factors that could play a crucial role in resilience among infertile couples and individuals who are seeking infertility treatment. Four major databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library) were searched with appropriate keywords. A total of 4101 articles were retrieved from the databases and after following various levels of screening 18 articles were finalized. These articles explored resilience and other psychosocial factors in couples/individuals seeking infertility treatment. The protective factors associated with resilience were quality of life, coping, social support, and posttraumatic growth. The risk factors associated with resilience were infertility-related stress, anxiety and depression. The unexpected diagnosis of infertility might be disturbing for many, still, it may not be extremely agonizing for some. Individuals who are encouraged to utilize their own resources and seek support are able to deal with stressors associated with infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Haseeb Khan
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ansha Patel
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology RNT Medical College, Paras & Shantiraj Hospitals, Psychological Clinic for Reproductive Health & Challenges, CMBS, Udaipur, FAIMER at MAHE, Karnataka, India
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Gao Y, Wang Q, Li G, Zhao X, Qin R, Kong L, Li P. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Copenhagen Multi-Centre Psychosocial Infertility-Fertility Problem Stress Scales. Int J Nurs Pract 2023:e13219. [PMID: 37957031 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to introduce the Copenhagen Multi-Centre Psychosocial Infertility (COMPI)-Fertility Problem Stress Scales (COMPI-FPSS) into China and test its applicability in Chinese infertile population. BACKGROUND Infertility-related stress not only influences patients' psychological well-being but is also strongly associated with reduced pregnancy rates and poorer assisted conception outcomes, thus warranting focussed attention. DESIGN The design used in this study is a cross-sectional survey. METHODS A total of 418 participants were recruited by convenience sampling from March to July 2022. The data were randomly divided into two parts: one for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis and the other for confirmatory factor analysis and reliability test. The critical ratio and homogeneity test were used to verify the differentiation and homogeneity of the COMPI-FPSS; the construct validity was determined by explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses; Cronbach's α coefficient and Spearman-Brown coefficient were used to assess the reliability; and criterion validity was expressed using correlation coefficients for the Perceived Stress Scale and the Negative Affect Scale as the validity criteria. RESULTS The revised Chinese version of COMPI-FPSS has 11 items and 2 dimensions (i.e., personal stress domain and social stress domain). Exploratory factor analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the two factors was 68.6%, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model fitted well. The score of the COMPI-FPSS was significantly and positively associated with perceived stress and negative affect. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.905, and the Spearman-Brown coefficient was 0.836, explaining excellent reliability. CONCLUSION The revised Chinese version of COMPI-FPSS shows good reliability and validity, and it can be used to evaluate the infertility-related stress of infertile patients in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Gao
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guopeng Li
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Qin
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linghua Kong
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Kiani Z, Fakari FR, Hakimzadeh A, Hajian S, Fakari FR, Nasiri M. Prevalence of depression in infertile men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1972. [PMID: 37821902 PMCID: PMC10568846 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16865-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generally, infertile men hide their depression, which can threaten their health and lower their quality of life. Given the role of depression and its impact on people's health, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression in infertile men. METHODS This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). Using the keywords of "Depression", "Emotional Depression", "Infertility", "Prevalence", and "Epidemiology", all English language articles were searched in international databases (PubMed, Cochran library, Web of sciences, Scopus, Embase, PsyINFO, and Google scholar) by two reviewers independently and without considering the time limit until September 2022. Title, abstract, full text and quality of each study were evaluated by two reviewers independently using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist. The results were analyzed using programming language and R software, and I2 test and Egger's Test were used to check heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included in the systematic part of this study; and 8 different measurement tools were used to identify depression. Then, based on the possibility of meta-analysis, 18 studies were included in 4 subgroups. Given the heterogeneity of the articles, random effect model was used. The overall prevalence of depression in infertile men was 18.30%. The lowest and highest overall prevalence of depression in men was reported to be 14.04% and 23.63% in the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZDS) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) tools, respectively. The overall prevalence of depression among infertile men was reported to be 18.55% and 16.75% using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) tools, respectively. CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this study, the significant prevalence of depression in infertile men requires a specific attention and planning. The study revealed varying degrees of depression among infertile men, emphasizing the importance of assessing their mental health, specifically in terms of depression, during infertility treatments as a hidden variable. It is strongly recommended to develop training programs for health service providers to effectively utilize diagnostic tools in this particular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kiani
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Hakimzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Hajian
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Malihe Nasiri
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Akintayo AA, Aduloju OP, Dada MU, Abiodun-Ojo OA, Oluwole LO, Ade-Ojo IP. Comparison of self-esteem and depression among fertile and infertile women in a low resource setting. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 42:1198-1203. [PMID: 34379544 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1945002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect of infertility on self-esteem and depression, and to identify the sociodemographic and infertility characteristics associated with self-esteem and depression among infertile women in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Self-esteem and depression were assessed in 100 infertile women and 100 women seeking family planning (controls) using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. Infertile women had significantly lower RSES score (19.4 ± 4.5 vs. 20.7 ± 4.4, p=.038) and higher PHQ-9 score (5.1 ± 4.1 vs. 3.8 ± 3.5, p=.023) compared to controls. Among infertile women, marital status, being remarried, duration of infertility, and RSES score were associated with PHQ-9 score on simple linear regression. On multiple linear regression analysis, the RSES score had a negative association with the PHQ-9 score (β= -0.32, p<.001). In conclusion, infertile women have lower self-esteem and higher depression scores. Mental health screening and management should be an integral part of care administered to infertile women.Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? Infertility is a global health problem with negative effects on the mental health and quality of life of couples, especially women.What the results of this study add? Infertile women have lower self-esteem and higher depression scores. The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is higher among infertile women. Longer duration of infertility, older age, ≤6 years of formal education, and low self-esteem are significant associations of MDD among infertile women.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Mental health screening and management should be included in the care given to women undergoing evaluation and treatment for infertility. Larger community-based studies evaluating other aspects of mental health among infertile couples are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinyemi A Akintayo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.,Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Olusola P Aduloju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Mobolaji U Dada
- Department of Psychiatry, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Lateef O Oluwole
- Department of Psychiatry, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Idowu P Ade-Ojo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Grunberg PH, Da Costa D, Dennis CL, O'Connell S, Lahuec A, Zelkowitz P. 'How did you cope with such concerns?': insights from a monitored online infertility peer support forum. HUM FERTIL 2021:1-15. [PMID: 34347545 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2021.1959952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The Research Question posed was 'What coping strategies do fertility patients and trained peer supporters discuss in an online infertility peer support forum?' A thematic analysis was used to examine 244 online posts from a sample of 39 users (37 women and two men) for themes in coping with fertility-related stressors. Data were collected from Connect, a monitored online discussion forum with trained peer supporters. Connect users ranged from 27 to 44 years of age (mean = 34.38) and 33 (84.6%) were nulliparous at the time of the study. A variety of cognitive-reappraisal and practical management coping strategies was discussed across four themes: (i) balancing interpersonal relationships; (ii) partner support; (iii) uncertainty and lack of control; and (iv) positivity and negativity. Experiences of uncertainty and lack of control related to time and schedule, outcomes and waiting for physical symptoms, and the clinic. Connect users commonly discussed the helpfulness of coping strategies. Connect users actively requested experiential information about ways of coping from other patients and peer supporters, highlighting the importance of lived experience to those currently in treatment. Findings support conceptualizations of infertility coping as a process that is unique to the infertility treatment context and that may change throughout a patient's treatment. Trained peer supporters may benefit fertility patients by normalizing, reappraising, and providing practical strategies to ameliorate difficult infertility-related challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Grunberg
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Deborah Da Costa
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cindy-Lee Dennis
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Siobhan O'Connell
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alix Lahuec
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Phyllis Zelkowitz
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Gonen LD, Bokek-Cohen Y. The experience of being an in vitro fertilization (IVF) patient in a pro-natalist society - a form of emotional labor. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2020; 59:273-299. [PMID: 32369421 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2020.1749214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Israel is known as a highly pronatalist society. We conceptualize the pro-natalist state as the employer of in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients in the labor of procreation. We characterize the unique Israeli religio-cultural environment regarding infertility using the concepts of emotional labor, surface acting, deep acting, emotional dissonance, and burnout. One hundred and forty-two women and 62 men undergoing IVF in eight public IVF units were asked to describe their emotions on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). We discuss the patients' emotional responses in light of the religio-cultural and the emotional labor context. Evidence was found for gender differences whereby women suffer more negative emotional outcomes than male partners of IVF patients. The pro-natalist state poses greater emotional stress for female IVF patients in comparison with that experienced by the male spouses of IVF patients. Consulting professionals should offer psycho-social care if necessary, focusing on strategies taken from emotional labor theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limor Dina Gonen
- Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ariel University , Ariel, Israel
| | - Ya'Arit Bokek-Cohen
- School of Nursing, Efrata Academic College , Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Nursing, Tel Aviv Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv, Israel
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Chaves C, Canavarro MC, Moura-Ramos M. The Role of Dyadic Coping on the Marital and Emotional Adjustment of Couples With Infertility. FAMILY PROCESS 2019; 58:509-523. [PMID: 29709057 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is a challenging experience, affecting individual and couples' adjustment. However, the way the members of the couple support each other may affect the experience of infertility and their adjustment. This study aimed to investigate the role of dyadic coping by oneself and by the partner in the association between the impact of infertility and dyadic and emotional adjustment (anxiety and depression) to infertility. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 134 participants (67 couples with infertility) completed self-report questionnaires assessing infertility-related stress, dyadic coping, dyadic adjustment, and depression and anxiety symptoms. A path analysis examined the direct and indirect effects between the impact of infertility in one's life and dyadic and emotional adjustment. There is an indirect effect of the impact of infertility in one's life on dyadic adjustment through men's perceived dyadic coping efforts employed by the self (dyadic coping by oneself) and women's perceived dyadic coping efforts of the partner (dyadic coping by the partner). Regarding the emotional adjustment of infertile couples, infertility stress impact had an indirect effect only on depressive symptoms through men's dyadic coping by oneself. The results highlight the importance of men's dyadic coping strategies for the marital adjustment of couples as well as for men's emotional adjustment. Findings emphasize the importance of involving men in the fertility treatment process, reinforcing the dyadic nature of infertility processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Chaves
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Mariana Moura-Ramos
- Reproductive Medicine Unit of Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Vázquez MB, Míguez MC. Validation of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale as a screening tool for depression in Spanish pregnant women. J Affect Disord 2019; 246:515-521. [PMID: 30599376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a self-reported scale designed to detect postnatal depression, and also has been validated in multiple countries for its use during pregnancy, but not in Spain. The objective of this study was to validate the EPDS as a screening instrument to detect depression during different trimesters of pregnancy in Spanish women. METHODS Longitudinal study of a large, unselected sample of 569 pregnant women who were assessed in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy by using the EPDS and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). We evaluated the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall accuracy (OA). RESULTS The optimal cut-off point score of the EPDS for screening current SCID diagnosis of combined depression was 9 or more in the first trimester of pregnancy (AUC of 0.76, sensitivity of 67.5%, specificity of 70.9%, PPV of 14.9%, NPV of 96.7%; and OA of 70.7%) and 10 or more in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy (AUC of 0.89 and 0.89, respectively; sensitivity of 81.5% and 78.1%, respectively; specificity of 86.0% and 81.9, respectively; PPV of 23.4% and 21.6%, respectively; NPV of 98.9% and 98.3, respectively; and OA 85.8% and 81.7%, respectively). Likewise, the optimal cut-off point score during pregnancy was 10 or more (AUC of 0.76, sensitivity of 72.4%, specificity of 79.3%, PPV of 18.2%, NPV of 97.8%, and OA of 78.9%). LIMITATIONS This study is limited due to the low rate of depression cases. CONCLUSIONS EPDS is an adequate instrument for screening depression in Spanish pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Belén Vázquez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Carmen Míguez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Péloquin K, Brassard A, Arpin V, Sabourin S, Wright J. Whose fault is it? Blame predicting psychological adjustment and couple satisfaction in couples seeking fertility treatment. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2018. [PMID: 28635527 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2017.1289369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility bears psychological and relational consequences for couples who face this problem. Few studies have examined the role of self- and partner blaming to explain psychological and relationship adjustment in couple presenting with a fertility problem. This study used a dyadic approach to explore the links between blaming oneself and one's partner and both partners' symptoms of depression and anxiety, and couple satisfaction in 279 couples enrolled in fertility treatments. Partners were questioned about the extent to which they blamed themselves and their partner for the fertility problem. They also completed the Dyadic Adjustment Scale and the Index of Psychological Symptoms. Path analyses based on the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model showed that self-blame predicted anxiety and depression symptoms in both men and women. Men's self-blame also predicted their own lower relationship satisfaction, whereas women's self-blame predicted more depression and anxiety in their partner. Partner blame in women predicted their own and their partner lower relationship satisfaction. Women's tendency to blame their partner also predicted their own depression symptoms. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Audrey Brassard
- b Departement de psychologie , University of Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada
| | - Virginie Arpin
- a University of Montreal , Departement de psychologie , Quebec , Canada
| | | | - John Wright
- a University of Montreal , Departement de psychologie , Quebec , Canada
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Psychosocial Vulnerability, Resilience Resources, and Coping with Infertility: A Longitudinal Model of Adjustment to Primary Ovarian Insufficiency. Ann Behav Med 2016; 50:272-84. [PMID: 26637185 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-015-9750-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infertility associated with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) presents significant emotional challenges requiring psychosocial adjustment. Few investigations have explored the longitudinal process of adaptation to POI. PURPOSE This longitudinal investigation tests a model of adjustment to POI that includes separate psychosocial vulnerability and resilience resource factors. METHODS Among 102 women with POI, personal attributes reflective of vulnerability and resilience were assessed at baseline. Coping strategies were assessed 4 months later and measures of distress and well-being 12 months later. RESULTS As hypothesized, confirmatory factor analysis yielded separate, inversely correlated vulnerability and resilience resource factors at baseline, and distress and well-being factors at 12 months. Contrary to predictions, maladaptive and adaptive coping strategies were not bi-factorial. Moreover, a single stand-alone strategy, avoidance (i.e., refusing to acknowledge stress), mediated the association between baseline vulnerability and 12-month distress. CONCLUSIONS For women with POI, interventional studies targeted to reduce avoidance are indicated.
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Pedro J, Frederiksen Y, Schmidt L, Ingerslev HJ, Zachariae R, Martins MV. Comparison of three infertility-specific measures in men and women going through assisted reproductive technology treatment. J Health Psychol 2016; 24:738-749. [PMID: 27881623 DOI: 10.1177/1359105316678669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the psychometric properties of COMPI Fertility Problem Stress Scales, Fertility Problem Inventory, and Fertility Quality of Life Tool in 293 patients enrolled for assisted reproductive technology. COMPI Fertility Problem Stress Scales and Fertility Problem Inventory subscales presented higher internal consistency. COMPI Fertility Problem Stress Scales differentiated best between its domains. Fertility Problem Inventory revealed better concurrent validity. Fertility Quality of Life Tool presented better fit. While discrimination for depression was similar between measures, Fertility Quality of Life Tool was better at discriminating anxiety. Results suggest that while all compared measures are reliable and valid in assessing the psychosocial adjustment to infertility, the choice of measure should be based according to the assessment goals.
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Shani C, Yelena S, Reut BK, Adrian S, Sami H. Suicidal risk among infertile women undergoing in-vitro fertilization: Incidence and risk factors. Psychiatry Res 2016; 240:53-59. [PMID: 27084991 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that depression and other emotional distress are well documented in infertile women, little is known about the relationship between infertility and suicidal risk. The aim of this cross sectional study was to examine the rate of suicide risk (suicidal ideation/suicidal attempts) among 106 infertile women visiting Infertility and In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Hospital Unit, and to identify the demographic, medical and clinical correlates to suicidal risk. The incidence of suicide risk was 9.4%. Suicidal women were more likely to be childless or had fewer children and experienced higher levels of depressive symptoms. In addition, they reported more frequently on denial, social withdrawal and self-blame coping strategies compared to participants without suicidal risk. A multiple logistic regression model revealed that being childless, using non-positive reappraisal and exhibiting depressive symptoms were significant predictors of suicide risk in the future. These results suggest that routine assessment of suicidal risk and depression should be provided for infertile women in the course of IVF. Furthermore, future interventions should focus on helping them acquire different emotions regulation strategies and provide alternative skills for positive coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shani
- School of Behavioral Sciences, the Academic College of Tel-Aviv yaffo (MTA), Israel.
| | - Stukalina Yelena
- School of Behavioral Sciences, the Academic College of Tel-Aviv yaffo (MTA), Israel.
| | - Ben Kimhy Reut
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 44281, Israel.
| | - Shulman Adrian
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 44281, Israel.
| | - Hamdan Sami
- School of Behavioral Sciences, the Academic College of Tel-Aviv yaffo (MTA), Israel.
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Cunha M, Galhardo A, Pinto-Gouveia J. Experiential avoidance, self-compassion, self-judgment and coping styles in infertility. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2016; 10:41-47. [PMID: 27938872 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought out to explore the existence of differences regarding emotion regulation processes (psychological inflexibility/experiential avoidance, self-judgment and self-compassion) and coping styles (emotional/detached, avoidant and rational) in three different groups of couples: 120 fertile couples (FG), 147 couples with an infertility diagnosis who were pursuing medical treatment for their fertility problem(s) (IG), and 59 couples with infertility applying for adoption (AG). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey, using the couple as unit of analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants filled in paper-pencil questionnaires assessing coping styles, psychological inflexibility/experiential avoidance, self-judgment and self-compassion. RESULTS IG couples, and particularly women, tend to use more experiential avoidance and self-judgment mechanisms and less emotional/detached coping style. When compared to FG couples, IG and AG couples tend to apply more avoidant coping strategies. AG couples showed higher self-compassion. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that emotion regulation processes may be an important target in psychological interventions for patients dealing with infertility and with the demands of medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cunha
- Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Largo da Cruz de Celas, n°1, 3000-132 Coimbra, Portugal; CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Galhardo
- Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Largo da Cruz de Celas, n°1, 3000-132 Coimbra, Portugal; CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José Pinto-Gouveia
- CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
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Validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for the antenatal period. J Affect Disord 2015; 176:95-105. [PMID: 25704562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively few studies have focused on the validation of psychometric scales measuring depression during pregnancy. The aim of this review was to critically appraise and review antenatal validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). METHODS A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI, CINAHL, SCIELO and PsyCINFO for the period 1987-2013. RESULTS Eleven validation studies met the inclusion criteria. The study design varied between studies. Sensitivity and specificity estimates also varied between 64-100% and 73-100%, respectively. The confidence interval estimates also showed a high degree of variability. Our estimates suggest lower positive predictive values in the general population than those reported in the validation study samples. The sensitivity values in validation studies of the EPDS show fairly large variability, ranging from good to acceptable. LIMITATIONS Future studies should have larger sample sizes and include both representative and clinical samples and look at the psychometric performance of the EPDS in each trimester. CONCLUSIONS Due to differences in study design and variation in the cultural/linguistic adaptation, uncertainty remains regarding the comparability of the sensitivity and specificity estimates of different EPDS versions. Future studies should have larger sample sizes, include both representative and clinical samples, and look at the psychometric performance of the EPDS in each trimester. Reporting quality, especially as regards checks to ensure content validity, should be improved.
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Wu G, Yin T, Yang J, Xu W, Zou Y, Wang Y, Wen J. Depression and coping strategies of Chinese women undergoing in-vitro fertilization. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014; 183:155-8. [PMID: 25461370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between coping strategies and depression, and the risk factors of depression among Chinese women in infertile couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF). STUDY DESIGN Two hundred and eighty-eight women undergoing IVF completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale and the Brief COPE Inventory. Demographic data were collected, hormone levels were tested and oocyte numbers were counted. RESULTS The incidence of depression was 22.6%. The prevalence of depression was higher among women who had been married for >8 years, women who had been infertile for >6 years and women with a family income ≤3000 CNY/month. High basal follicle-stimulating hormone, oocyte number and denial score were associated with greater risk of depression. High oestradiol (basal and peak), and substance use and humour scores were associated with lower risk of depression. CONCLUSION Many women in infertile couples undergoing IVF have depression. Preventive interventions should be provided for women with risk factors of depression, such as long duration of marriage, long duration of infertility, low monthly family income, high basal follicle-stimulating hormone, low serum oestradiol, high oocyte number, and use of denial as a coping strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxiang Wu
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wangming Xu
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujie Zou
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Phillips E, Elander J, Montague J. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of men’s and women’s coping strategy selection during early IVF treatment. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2014.915391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rockliff HE, Lightman SL, Rhidian E, Buchanan H, Gordon U, Vedhara K. A systematic review of psychosocial factors associated with emotional adjustment in in vitro fertilization patients. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 20:594-613. [PMID: 24676468 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmu010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IVF treatment is usually stressful for patients, but individual differences in emotional response do exist. Differences in the stress response may be related to reproductive outcomes as well as to the development of psychiatric problems. This review collates research exploring which psychosocial factors (e.g. personality traits and coping strategies) are associated with the emotional adjustment of IVF patients. The aim is to reveal what is currently known about risk and protective factors for coping with the stress of IVF treatment and where further enquiry would be most beneficial. METHODS The databases, MEDLINE/PUBMED (US National Library of Medicine), PsycINFO (American Psychological Association), Web of Science (Social Sciences Citation Index) and EMbase, were searched from 1978 to September 2012 using relevant key words. All published peer-reviewed studies exploring associations between psychosocial factors and emotional adjustment outcomes were considered for inclusion. RESULTS There were 23 studies identified for review. One-third of the psychosocial factors explored were found to be significantly related to emotional adjustment outcome measures. Neuroticism and the use of escapist coping strategies were positively associated with distress by multiple studies. Social support was negatively associated with distress by several studies. A number of other psychosocial variables appear to be associated with distress, including self-criticism, dependency, situation appraisals and attachment style, but these have only been explored by one or two studies at most. There is a paucity of research using positive emotional outcome measures (e.g. well-being, positive affect, happiness or life satisfaction) to quantify emotional adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Whilst some psychosocial variables appear to be consistently associated with distress for IVF patients, two-thirds of the variables tested to date do not appear to be associated with emotional adjustment. This review highlights key psychosocial factors to assist the identification of patients at high risk of psychological distress. These findings highlight at least two psychological factors that may be amenable to alteration with psychological or educational interventions. Future work should explore whether experimental manipulation of such psychosocial factors can provide effective stress reduction in this clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Rockliff
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Stafford L Lightman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Emily Rhidian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Heather Buchanan
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Uma Gordon
- Bristol Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Kavita Vedhara
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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El Kissi Y, Romdhane AB, Hidar S, Bannour S, Ayoubi Idrissi K, Khairi H, Ben Hadj Ali B. General psychopathology, anxiety, depression and self-esteem in couples undergoing infertility treatment: a comparative study between men and women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 167:185-9. [PMID: 23298895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare measures of psychological distress between men and women undergoing ART in the Unit of Reproductive Medicine "UMR" in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at "Farhat Hached" Hospital in Sousse, Tunisia. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a gender comparative study of psychological profile in infertile couples. Recruitment was done during period from January to May 2009. 100 infertile couples with primary infertility were recruited. Scores of general psychopathology, depression, anxiety and self-esteem were evaluated. We administrated questionnaires on psychological factors among infertile couples before starting a new infertility treatment cycle. Psychological factors included the symptom check-list (SCL-90-R), the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD-S) and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE). RESULT(S) Infertile women had higher scores than their spouses in the three global scores of the SCL-90-R and in several items such as somatisation, obsessive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and phobias. Scores of HADS were higher among women for both depression and anxiety. Scores of self-esteem were lower among women. CONCLUSION(S) Women endorsed higher psychological distress than men across multiple symptoms domains: general psychopathology, anxiety, depression and self esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousri El Kissi
- Department of Psychiatry, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.
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Faramarzi M, Pasha H, Esmaelzadeh S, Jorsarai G, Mir MRA, Abedi S. Is coping strategies predictor of anxiety and depression in couple infertile? Health (London) 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2013.53a085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Psychological distress and in vitro fertilization outcome. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:459-64. [PMID: 22698636 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether psychological distress predicts IVF treatment outcome as well as whether IVF treatment outcome predicts subsequent psychological distress. DESIGN Prospective cohort study over an 18-month period. SETTING Five community and academic fertility practices. PATIENT(S) Two hundred two women who initiated their first IVF cycle. INTERVENTION(S) Women completed interviews and questionnaires at baseline and at 4, 10, and 18 months' follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) IVF cycle outcome and psychological distress. RESULT(S) In a binary logistic model including covariates (woman's age, ethnicity, income, education, parity, duration of infertility, and time interval), pretreatment depression and anxiety were not significant predictors of the outcome of the first IVF cycle. In linear regression models including covariates (woman's age, income, education, parity, duration of infertility, assessment point, time since last treatment cycle, and pre-IVF depression or anxiety), experiencing failed IVF was associated with higher post-IVF depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION(S) IVF failure predicts subsequent psychological distress, but pre-IVF psychological distress does not predict IVF failure. Instead of focusing efforts on psychological interventions specifically aimed at improving the chance of pregnancy, these findings suggest that attention be paid to helping patients prepare for and cope with treatment and treatment failure.
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Pinto-Gouveia J, Galhardo A, Cunha M, Matos M. Protective emotional regulation processes towards adjustment in infertile patients. HUM FERTIL 2012; 15:27-34. [PMID: 22309792 DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2011.654310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about emotional regulation processes of psychological flexibility/acceptance, self-compassion, and coping styles in infertility and the way they may exert a protective function towards depression. The aim of the current study was to explore how these emotion regulation processes are related to depression and to the sense of self-efficacy to deal with infertility in infertile patients. Gender differences were also considered. One hundred couples without known fertility problems and 100 couples with an infertility diagnosis completed the instruments: Beck Depression Inventory, Coping Styles Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale and Infertility Self-efficacy Scale. Infertile couples presented statistically significantly higher scores on depression and lower scores in psychological flexibility/acceptance and self-compassion than the control group. This pattern was particularly identified in women who also tended to use less an emotional/detached coping style and to perceive themselves as less confident to deal with infertility than men. Multiple regression analysis showed that psychological flexibility/acceptance was a significant predictor of depressive symptoms in men and women with infertility. Emotional regulation processes, such as psychological flexibility/acceptance and self-compassion, seem to be relevant to the understanding of depressive symptoms and psychological adjustment to infertility, suggesting that these issues should be addressed in a therapeutic context with these couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pinto-Gouveia
- CINEICC- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Moura-Ramos M, Gameiro S, Canavarro MC, Soares I. Assessing infertility stress: re-examining the factor structure of the Fertility Problem Inventory. Hum Reprod 2011; 27:496-505. [PMID: 22101025 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has documented that fertility problems can negatively affect the life of infertile patients, by imposing an obstacle to one important life goal: the achievement of parenthood. The Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI) proposes a comprehensive approach in assessing infertility stress, by measuring the impact on social, marital and sexual life dimensions and the importance of parenthood in infertile patients' life. This study examined the factor structure of the FPI, testing two alternative models using confirmatory factor analysis. METHODS A sample of 209 infertile patients was recruited in two public hospital departments of assisted reproduction technology. Measures included the FPI, the Brief Symptom Inventory and the ENRICH Marital Inventory. RESULTS Results confirmed the original measurement model of the instrument but suggested that the inclusion of an intermediate conceptual level resulted in a better fit to the model (χ²₈₄= 147.89, P< 0.001) i.e. the instrument assesses infertility stress by assessing two main conceptual domains: the impact of infertility in infertile patients' life and representations about the importance of parenthood. The instrument revealed measurement and structure invariance and construct validity by correlating with other measures assessing similar constructs. CONCLUSIONS This approach to the FPI has important contributions for research and clinical practice by distinguishing between the impact of infertility on different dimensions of a couple's' life and representations about the importance of parenthood, therefore extending the utility of the FPI in research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moura-Ramos
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, Apartado 6153, Coimbra 3001-802, Portugal.
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Chiaffarino F, Baldini MP, Scarduelli C, Bommarito F, Ambrosio S, D’Orsi C, Torretta R, Bonizzoni M, Ragni G. Prevalence and incidence of depressive and anxious symptoms in couples undergoing assisted reproductive treatment in an Italian infertility department. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011; 158:235-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lykeridou K, Gourounti K, Sarantaki A, Loutradis D, Vaslamatzis G, Deltsidou A. Occupational social class, coping responses and infertility-related stress of women undergoing infertility treatment. J Clin Nurs 2011; 20:1971-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chachamovich JR, Chachamovich E, Ezer H, Fleck MP, Knauth DR, Passos EP. Agreement on perceptions of quality of life in couples dealing with infertility. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2011; 39:557-65. [PMID: 20920002 DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2010.01168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the extent to which men and women seeking treatment for infertility were able to accurately perceive their partners' ratings of their quality of life (QOL). DESIGN Cross-sectional prospective study. Quality of life was measured as a multidimensional construct. SETTING Assisted reproduction clinic of a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and sixty-two couples participated. The men's and women's mean ages were 36.1 and 32.1 years, respectively. Most participants had no children, and no previous assisted reproduction attempts. METHODS Men and women completed the World Health Organization-Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-Brief) and the Beck Depression Inventory independently. Paired t tests were used to explore men's perceptions of their wives' QOL ratings and wives' perceptions of their husbands' ratings. Multiple regression and repeated-measures ANCOVA were used to examine the role of depression. RESULTS Proxy assessments were consistently lower than self-reports on the domains of QOL. The influence of depression on agreement was minimal, and no gender effect was observed. CONCLUSION Findings indicated little agreement in perceptions of the partner's QOL, with each partner tending to underrate the other's view. Practitioners need to consider the differences between partners to enable partners to better understand and support each other.
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Kraaij V, Garnefski N, Schroevers MJ, Weijmer J, Helmerhorst F. Cognitive coping, goal adjustment, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in people undergoing infertility treatment: a prospective study. J Health Psychol 2010; 15:876-86. [PMID: 20453046 DOI: 10.1177/1359105309357251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationships between cognitive coping strategies, goal adjustment, and symptoms of depression and anxiety were studied in people with fertility problems. Both cross-sectional and prospective relationships were studied in a sample of 313 patients attending an infertility clinic. Self-report questionnaires were filled out at home. Positive refocusing, rumination and catastrophizing, and goal reengagement were related to symptoms of depression and anxiety. When looking at the long-term effects, rumination and catastrophizing were also related to emotional problems nine months later. These findings suggest that intervention programs should focus on cognitive coping strategies and goal-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Kraaij
- Department of Medical Psychology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Gourounti K, Anagnostopoulos F, Vaslamatzis G. Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Fertility Problem Inventory in a sample of infertile women undergoing fertility treatment. Midwifery 2010; 27:660-7. [PMID: 20359796 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to examine the psychometric properties of the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI) originally developed by Newton et al. (1999); as there are no data concerning the factorial structure of the FPI, a special focus is placed on construct validity through factor analysis. SETTING public hospital in Athens, Greece. DESIGN a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS 108 women undergoing fertility treatment with in-vitro fertilisation. METHODS the FPI was 'forward-backward' translated from English to Greek. The translated instrument was then administered to a set of infertile women for pilot testing. Principal axis factoring with promax rotation was used to test the factor structure of the FPI. Measures of anxiety State Trait Anxiety Inventory, depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression Scale) and mood states Profile of Mood States were used to assess the convergent validity of the FPI. Cronbach's α was used to measure internal consistency of the FPI scales. FINDINGS exploratory factor analysis suggested four factors. The majority of relationship and sexual concern items grouped into one solid factor, named 'spousal concern'. The original scales of social concern, need for parenthood and rejection of childfree lifestyle were reproduced after rearranging nine cross-loading items. Construct validity was confirmed by computing correlations between the derived FPI scales and conceptually similar constructions of anxiety, depression and mood states. Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory. CONCLUSION the FPI was found to have a relatively stable factor structure and satisfactory reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. The FPI may enable researchers and clinicians to apply a reliable measure that focuses on various/many dimensions of infertility-related stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gourounti
- Elena Benizelou Hospital, Department of Midwifery, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Greece.
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Bayley T, Slade P, Lashen H. Relationships between attachment, appraisal, coping and adjustment in men and women experiencing infertility concerns. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2827-37. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schmidt L. Social and psychological consequences of infertility and assisted reproduction–what are the research priorities? HUM FERTIL 2009; 12:14-20. [DOI: 10.1080/14647270802331487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chachamovich J, Chachamovich E, Fleck M, Cordova F, Knauth D, Passos E. Congruence of quality of life among infertile men and women: findings from a couple-based study. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2151-7. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kraaij V, Garnefski N, Schroevers MJ. Coping, goal adjustment, and positive and negative affect in definitive infertility. J Health Psychol 2009; 14:18-26. [PMID: 19129333 DOI: 10.1177/1359105308097939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationships between coping strategies, goal adjustment and positive and negative affect were studied in 83 definitive involuntary childless people. Self-report questionnaires were filled out. The findings suggested that positive ways to handle the childlessness were related to positive affect, while negative ways to deal with the childlessness were related to negative affect. Cognitive coping strategies seemed to have a stronger influence on affect than the behavioral coping strategies. Adjusting the goal to have children seemed to be a fruitful way to cope. These findings suggested that intervention programs should pay attention to both cognitive coping strategies and goal adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Kraaij
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Kraaij V, Garnefski N, Vlietstra A. Cognitive coping and depressive symptoms in definitive infertility: a prospective study. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2008; 29:9-16. [PMID: 17885914 DOI: 10.1080/01674820701505889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to examine the relationships between infertility characteristics, cognitive coping strategies, and depressive symptoms in definitive involuntarily childless people. Both cross-sectional and prospective relationships were studied in a sample of 169 persons for whom an involuntarily childless future was definitive. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and the Symptom Check List (SCL-90) were filled out at home. Almost no infertility characteristics were related to depressive symptoms. The cognitive coping strategies self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing and positive reappraisal appeared to be related to depressive symptoms. In addition, catastrophizing was related to depressive symptoms two years later. These findings suggest that intervention programs for people with definitive involuntary childlessness should pay attention to cognitive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Kraaij
- Medical Psychology, Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, The Netherlands.
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