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Vardhan H, Sasmal S, Mohanty K. Detoxification of areca nut acid hydrolysate and production of xylitol by Candida tropicalis (MTCC 6192). Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:61-72. [PMID: 37149784 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2207093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Areca nut husk is the most promising alternative source of low-cost raw materials because it contains a considerable amount of five-carbon monosaccharide sugar in the form of xylose. This polymeric sugar can be isolated and transformed into a value-added chemical using fermentation. To extract sugars from areca nut husk fibers, preliminary pretreatment, such as dilute acid hydrolysis (H2SO4), was performed. The hemicellulosic hydrolysate of areca nut husk can produce xylitol through fermentation, but toxic components inhibit the growth of microorganisms. To overcome this, a series of detoxification treatments, including pH adjustment, activated charcoal, and ion exchange resin, were carried out to reduce the concentration of inhibitors in the hydrolysate. This study reports a remarkable 99% removal of inhibitors in the hemicellulosic hydrolysate. Subsequently, a fermentation process using Candida tropicalis (MTCC6192) was executed with the detoxified hemicellulosic hydrolysate of areca nut husk, yielding an optimum xylitol yield of 0.66 g/g. This study concludes that detoxification techniques like pH adjustment, activated charcoal, and ion exchange resins are the most economical and effective methods for eliminating toxic compounds in hemicellulosic hydrolysates. Therefore, the medium derived after detoxification from areca nut hydrolysate may be considered to have significant potential for xylitol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Vardhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Soumya Sasmal
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
| | - Kaustubha Mohanty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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2
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Bianchini IDA, Jofre FM, Queiroz SDS, Lacerda TM, Felipe MDGDA. Relation of xylitol formation and lignocellulose degradation in yeast. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3143-3151. [PMID: 37039848 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the critical steps of the biotechnological production of xylitol from lignocellulosic biomass is the deconstruction of the plant cell wall. This step is crucial to the bioprocess once the solubilization of xylose from hemicellulose is allowed, which can be easily converted to xylitol by pentose-assimilating yeasts in a microaerobic environment. However, lignocellulosic toxic compounds formed/released during plant cell wall pretreatment, such as aliphatic acids, furans, and phenolic compounds, inhibit xylitol production during fermentation, reducing the fermentative performance of yeasts and impairing the bioprocess productivity. Although the toxicity of lignocellulosic inhibitors is one of the biggest bottlenecks of the biotechnological production of xylitol, most of the studies focus on how much xylitol production is inhibited but not how and where cells are affected. Understanding this mechanism is important in order to develop strategies to overcome lignocellulosic inhibitor toxicity. In this mini-review, we addressed how these inhibitors affect both yeast physiology and metabolism and consequently xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion. In addition, this work also addresses about cellular adaptation, one of the most relevant strategies to overcome lignocellulosic inhibitors toxicity, once it allows the development of robust and tolerant strains, contributing to the improvement of the microbial performance against hemicellulosic hydrolysates toxicity. KEY POINTS: • Impact of lignocellulosic inhibitors on the xylitol production by yeasts • Physiological and metabolic alterations provoked by lignocellulosic inhibitors • Cell adaptation as an efficient strategy to improve yeast's robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo de Andrade Bianchini
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Fanny Machado Jofre
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Sarah de Souza Queiroz
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Talita Martins Lacerda
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças de Almeida Felipe
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil.
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Wang T, Wang F, Zeng L, Guo P, Wu Y, Chen L, Zhang W. Propanol and 1, 3-propanediol enhance fatty acid accumulation synergistically in Schizochytrium ATCC 20888. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1106265. [PMID: 36845976 PMCID: PMC9947470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1106265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of propanol and 1, 3-propanediol on fatty acid and biomass accumulation in Schizochytrium ATCC 20888 were explored. Propanol increased the contents of saturated fatty acids and total fatty acids by 55.4 and15.3%, while 1, 3-propanediol elevated the polyunsaturated fatty acids, total fatty acids and biomass contents by 30.7, 17.0, and 6.89%. Although both of them quench ROS to increase fatty acids biosynthesis, the mechanisms are different. The effect of propanol did not reflect on metabolic level while 1, 3-propanediol elevated osmoregulators contents and activated triacylglycerol biosynthetic pathway. The triacylglycerol content and the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids were significantly increased by 2.53-fold, which explained the higher PUFA accumulation in Schizochytrium after adding 1, 3- propanediol. At last, the combination of propanol and 1, 3-propanediol further elevated total fatty acids by approximately 1.2-fold without compromising cell growth. These findings are valuable for scale-up production of designed Schizochytrium oil for various application purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fangzhong Wang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Fangzhong Wang, ✉
| | - Lei Zeng
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yawei Wu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Lei Chen, ✉
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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4
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Wang L, Qi A, Liu J, Shen Y, Wang J. Comparative metabolic analysis of the adaptive Candida tropicalis to furfural stress response. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Zhao Y, Cai J, Zhang P, Qin W, Lou Y, Liu Z, Hu B. Core fungal species strengthen microbial cooperation in a food-waste composting process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 12:100190. [PMID: 36157338 PMCID: PMC9500350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In ecosystem engineering research, the contribution of microbial cooperation to ecosystem function has been emphasized. Fungi are one of the predominant decomposers in composting, but thus far, less attention has been given to fungal than to bacterial cooperation. Therefore, network and cohesion analyses were combined to reveal the correlation between fungal cooperation and organic matter (OM) degradation in ten composting piles. Positive cohesion, reflecting the cooperation degree, was positively linked to the degradation rate of OM. From the community perspective, core species (i.e., Candida tropicalis, Issatchenkia orientails, Kazachstania exigua, and Dipodascus australiensis) with high occurrence frequency and abundance were the key in regulating positive cohesion. These species were highly relevant to functional genera associated with OM degradation in both fungal and bacterial domains. Therefore, focusing on these core fungal species might be an appropriate strategy for targeted regulation of functional microbes and promotion of degradation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjie Cai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weizhen Qin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zishu Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Baolan Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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6
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MANJARRES-PINZÓN K, MENDOZA-MEZA D, ARIAS-ZABALA M, CORREA-LONDOÑO G, RODRIGUEZ-SANDOVAL E. Effects of agitation rate and dissolved oxygen on xylose reductase activity during xylitol production at bioreactor scale. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.04221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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An Integrated Analysis of Intracellular Metabolites and Virulence Gene Expression during Biofilm Development of a Clinical Isolate of Candida tropicalis on Distinct Surfaces. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169038. [PMID: 34445744 PMCID: PMC8396647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergence of Candida tropicalis, which causes potential life-threatening invasive candidiasis, is often associated with colonization of medical devices as biofilm. Biofilm plays an important role in the virulence of the pathogen because of its complex structure, which provides resistance to conventional antimicrobials. In this study, the metabolic response of a clinical strain of C. tropicalis colonizing three distinct surfaces (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polystyrene, and polycarbonate) as well as the expression of virulence and stress related genes (ALS3, Hsp21, SAP1, SAP2, SAP3, and CYR1), were explored. Our results showed that lesser biofilm was developed on PTFE compared to polystyrene and polycarbonate. GS-MS metabolic analysis identified a total of 36 metabolites in the intracellular extract of cells grown on polystyrene, polycarbonate, and PTFE, essentially belonging to central carbon metabolism, amino acids, and lipids metabolism. The metabolic analysis showed that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are preferentially produced during biofilm development on polycarbonate, whereas trehalose and vitamin B6, known as cellular protectors against a variety of stressors, were characteristic of biofilm on PTFE. The results of the transcriptomic analysis consider the different degrees of colonization of the three substrates, being CYR1, which encodes the component of signaling pathway of hyphal formation-cAMP-PKA, downregulated in PTFE biofilm compared to polycarbonate or polystyrene biofilms, while Hsp21 was upregulated in concomitance with the potential unfavorable conditions for biofilm formation on PTFE. Overall, this work provides new insights into the knowledge of C. tropicalis biofilm development on surfaces of medical relevance in the perspective of improving the management of Candida infections.
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8
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Wang H, Li Q, Peng Y, Zhang Z, Kuang X, Hu X, Ayepa E, Han X, Abrha GT, Xiang Q, Yu X, Zhao K, Zou L, Gu Y, Li X, Li X, Chen Q, Zhang X, Liu B, Ma M. Cellular Analysis and Comparative Transcriptomics Reveal the Tolerance Mechanisms of Candida tropicalis Toward Phenol. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:544. [PMID: 32373081 PMCID: PMC7179700 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol is a ubiquitous pollutant and can contaminate natural water resources. Hence, the removal of phenol from wastewater is of significant importance. A series of biological methods were used to remove phenol based on the natural ability of microorganisms to degrade phenol, but the tolerance mechanism of phenol-degraded strains to phenol are not very clear. Morphological observation on Candida tropicalis showed that phenol caused the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, damaging the mitochondrial and the endoplasmic reticulum. On the basis of transcriptome data and cell wall susceptibility analysis, it was found that C. tropicalis prevented phenol-caused cell damage through improvement of cell wall resistance, maintenance of high-fidelity DNA replication, intracellular protein homeostasis, organelle integrity, and kept the intracellular phenol concentration at a low level through cell-wall remodeling and removal of excess phenol via MDR/MXR transporters. The knowledge obtained will promote the genetic modification of yeast strains in general to tolerate the high concentrations of phenol and improve their efficiency of phenol degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Wang
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyue Zhang
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Kuang
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ellen Ayepa
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuebing Han
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Getachew Tafere Abrha
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanju Xiang
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiumei Yu
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Likou Zou
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfu Gu
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- School of Forestry and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Beidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteburg, Sweden.,State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Menggen Ma
- Institute of Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Kim S, Lee J, Sung BH. Isolation and Characterization of the Stress-Tolerant Candida tropicalis YHJ1 and Evaluation of Its Xylose Reductase for Xylitol Production From Acid Pre-treatment Wastewater. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:138. [PMID: 31338365 PMCID: PMC6626919 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A stress-tolerant yeast was isolated from honey using acid hydrolysate generated from sequential acid-/alkali-pretreatment of empty palm fruit bunch fiber (EPFBF). The isolated yeast was identified molecularly, taxonomically, and morphologically as Candida tropicalis YHJ1, and analyzed for application in xylitol production. The isolated yeast showed stress tolerance toward various chemical reagents and could grow with up to 600 g/L xylose in the culture medium. This yeast also had a broad carbohydrate utilization spectrum, and its xylitol yield was greatest in medium supplemented with xylose as the sole carbon source. In batch fermentation for xylitol production, the yeast could convert xylose prepared from acidic EPFBF pretreatment wastewater into xylitol. Interestingly, C. tropicalis YHJ1 xylose reductase, containing a Ser279 residue, exhibited more effective xylitol conversion compared to orthologous Candida enzymes containing Leu279 or Asn279; this improvement was associated with NADPH binding, as predicted through homologous structure modeling and enzyme kinetic analysis. Taken together, these results show a novel stress-tolerant yeast strain that may be applicable to xylitol production from toxic lignocellulosic byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghun Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, South Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyun Sung
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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10
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Zhang H, Yun J, Zabed H, Yang M, Zhang G, Qi Y, Guo Q, Qi X. Production of xylitol by expressing xylitol dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter thailandicus and co-biotransformation of whole cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 257:223-228. [PMID: 29505981 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, recombinant strains were constructed for xylitol production by cloning and expressing the novel xylitol dehydrogenase (xdh) and alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) genes in E. coli BL21 (DE3) from Gluconobacter thailandicus CGMCC1.3748. The optimum pH, temperature, specific activity and kinetic parameters were further investigated for purified XDH. The co-culture of G. thailandicus (30 g/L), BL21-xdh (20 g/L) and BL21-adh (20 g/L) produced 34.34 g/L of xylitol after 48 h in the presence of 40 g/L d-arabitol and 2% ethanol. The concentration of xylitol produced in this co-biotransformation was found to be 2.7-folds higher than the xylitol yield of G. thailandicus alone, while the yield was increased by 4.8% when compared to that of G. thailandicus mixed with BL21-xdh under the similar experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - H Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilin Qi
- College of Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, 1 Bohai Road, Cangzhou 061100, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Improvement of Trehalose Production by Immobilized Trehalose Synthase from Thermus thermophilus HB27. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051087. [PMID: 29734676 PMCID: PMC6100327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide with a wide range of applications in the fields of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In this study, trehalose synthase derived from Thermus thermophilus HB27 (TtTreS) was immobilized on silicalite-1-based material for trehalose production. The activity and the stability of TtTreS against pH and temperature were significantly improved by immobilization. Enzyme immobilization also led to a lower concentration of byproduct glucose, which reduces byproduct inhibition of TtTreS. The immobilized TtTreS still retained 81% of its initial trehalose yield after 22 cycles of enzymatic reactions. The immobilized TtTreS exhibited high operational stability and remarkable reusability, indicating that it is promising for industrial applications.
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12
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Santana NB, Dias JCT, Rezende RP, Franco M, Oliveira LKS, Souza LO. Production of xylitol and bio-detoxification of cocoa pod husk hemicellulose hydrolysate by Candida boidinii XM02G. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195206. [PMID: 29641547 PMCID: PMC5895003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cocoa pod husk hemicellulose hydrolysate (CPHHH) was evaluated for the production of xylitol by Candida boidinii XM02G yeast isolated from soil of cocoa-growing areas and decaying bark, as an alternative means of reusing this type of waste. Xylitol was obtained in concentrations of 11.34 g.L-1, corresponding to a yield (Yp/s) of 0.52 g.g-1 with a fermentation efficiency (ε) of 56.6%. The yeast was tolerant to inhibitor compounds present in CPHHH without detoxification in different concentration factors, and was able to tolerate phenolic compounds at approximately 6 g.L-1. The yeast was also able to metabolize more than 99% (p/v) of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural present in the non-detoxified CPHHH without extension of the cell-growth lag phase, showing the potential of this microorganism for the production of xylitol. The fermentation of cocoa pod husk hydrolysates appears to provide an alternative use which may reduce the impact generated by incorrect disposal of this waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivio Batista Santana
- Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Teixeira Dias
- Department of Exact and Technological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Rachel Passos Rezende
- Department of Exact and Technological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Franco
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Oliveira Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Engineering, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
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13
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Single-cell Protein and Xylitol Production by a Novel Yeast Strain Candida intermedia FL023 from Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates and Xylose. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 185:163-178. [PMID: 29098561 PMCID: PMC5937888 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Yeasts are good candidates to utilize the hydrolysates of lignocellulose, the most abundant bioresource, for bioproducts. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiencies of single-cell protein (SCP) and xylitol production by a novel yeast strain, Candida intermedia FL023, from lignocellulosic hydrolysates and xylose. This strain efficiently assimilated hexose, pentose, and cellubiose for cell mass production with the crude protein content of 484.2 g kg−1 dry cell mass. SCP was produced by strain FL023 using corncob hydrolysate and urea as the carbon and nitrogen sources with the dry cell mass productivity 0.86 g L−1 h−1 and the yield of 0.40 g g−1 sugar. SCP was also produced using NaOH-pretreated Miscanthus sinensis straw and corn steep liquor as the carbon and nitrogen sources through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with the dry cell productivity of 0.23 g L−1 h−1 and yield of 0.17 g g−1 straw. C. intermedia FL023 was tolerant to 0.5 g L−1 furfural, acetic acid, and syringaldehyde in xylitol fermentation and produced 45.7 g L−1 xylitol from xylose with the productivity of 0.38 g L−1 h−1 and the yield of 0.57 g g−1 xylose. This study provides feasible methods for feed and food additive production from the abundant lignocellulosic bioresources.
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He Z, Wang S, Yang Y, Hu J, Wang C, Li H, Ma B, Yuan Q. β-Carotene production promoted by ethylene in Blakeslea trispora and the mechanism involved in metabolic responses. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Wang S, He Z, Yuan Q. Xylose enhances furfural tolerance in Candida tropicalis by improving NADH recycle. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang S, Cheng G, Joshua C, He Z, Sun X, Li R, Liu L, Yuan Q. Furfural tolerance and detoxification mechanism in Candida tropicalis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:250. [PMID: 27891177 PMCID: PMC5116146 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current biomass pretreatment by hydrothermal treatment (including acid hydrolysis, steam explosion, and high-temperature steaming) and ionic liquids generally generate inhibitors to the following fermentation process. Furfural is one of the typical inhibitors generated in hydrothermal treatment of biomass. Furfural could inhibit cell growth rate and decrease biofuel productivity of microbes. Candida tropicalis is a promising microbe for the production of biofuels and value-added chemicals using hemicellulose hydrolysate as carbon source. In this study, C. tropicalis showed a comparable ability of furfural tolerance during fermentation. We investigated the mechanism of C. tropicalis's robust tolerance to furfural and relevant metabolic responses to obtain more information for metabolic engineering of microbes for efficient lignocellulose fermentation. RESULTS Candida tropicalis showed comparable intrinsic tolerance to furfural and a fast rate of furfural detoxification. C. tropicalis's half maximal inhibitory concentration for furfural with xylose as the sole carbon source was 3.69 g/L, which was higher than that of most wild-type microbes reported in the literature to our knowledge. Even though furfural prolonged the lag phase of C. tropicalis, the final biomass in the groups treated with 1 g/L furfural was slightly greater than that in the control groups. By real-time PCR analysis, we found that the expression of ADH1 in C. tropicalis (ctADH1) was induced by furfural and repressed by ethanol after furfural depletion. The expression of ctADH1 could be regulated by both furfural and ethanol. After the disruption of gene ctADH1, we found that C. tropicalis's furfural tolerance was weakened. To further confirm the function of ctADH1 and enhance Escherichia coli's furfural tolerance, ctADH1 was overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The rate of furfural degradation in E. coli BL21 (DE3) with pET-ADH1 (high-copy plasmid) and pCS-ADH1 (medium-copy plasmid) was increased by 1.59-fold and 1.28-fold, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Candida tropicalis was a robust strain with intrinsic tolerance to inhibitor furfural. The mechanism of furfural detoxification and metabolic responses were identified by multiple analyses. Alcohol dehydrogenase 1 was confirmed to be responsible for furfural detoxification. C. tropicalis showed a complex regulation system during furfural detoxification to minimize adverse effects caused by furfural. Furthermore, the mechanism we uncovered in this work was successfully applied to enhance E. coli's furfural tolerance by heterologous expression of ctADH1. The study provides deeper insights into strain modification for biofuel production by efficient lignocellulose fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, West Room 314, Science and Technology Building, No. 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, West Room 314, Science and Technology Building, No. 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chijioke Joshua
- Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
| | - Zijun He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, West Room 314, Science and Technology Building, No. 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, West Room 314, Science and Technology Building, No. 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, West Room 314, Science and Technology Building, No. 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lexuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, West Room 314, Science and Technology Building, No. 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, West Room 314, Science and Technology Building, No. 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
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