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Khan F, Tabassum N, Bamunuarachchi NI, Kim YM. Phloroglucinol and Its Derivatives: Antimicrobial Properties toward Microbial Pathogens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4817-4838. [PMID: 35418233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phloroglucinol (PG) is a natural product isolated from plants, algae, and microorganisms. Aside from that, the number of PG derivatives has expanded due to the discovery of their potential biological roles. Aside from its diverse biological activities, PG and its derivatives have been widely utilized to treat microbial infections caused by bacteria, fungus, and viruses. The rapid emergence of antimicrobial-resistant microbial infections necessitates the chemical synthesis of numerous PG derivatives in order to meet the growing demand for drugs. This review focuses on the use of PG and its derivatives to control microbial infection and the underlying mechanism of action. Furthermore, as future perspectives, some of the various alternative strategies, such as the use of PG and its derivatives in conjugation, nanoformulation, antibiotic combination, and encapsulation, have been thoroughly discussed. This review will enable the researcher to investigate the possible antibacterial properties of PG and its derivatives, either free or in the form of various formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlurrahman Khan
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young-Mog Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Wu Z, Chen N, Wang G, Li Y. Isopropylpyrone and Phenylpyrones from the Leaves of
Hypericum monogynum. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Ying Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs ResearchJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of PharmacyJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yu−Bo Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs ResearchJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs ResearchJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Zhong‐Nan Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs ResearchJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of PharmacyJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Neng‐Hua Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs ResearchJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of PharmacyJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Guo‐Cai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs ResearchJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of PharmacyJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yao‐Lan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs ResearchJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of PharmacyJinan University Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
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Xiao CY, Mu Q, Gibbons S. The Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Hypericum. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 112 2020; 112:85-182. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-52966-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Cytotoxic Xanthones from Hypericum stellatum, an Ethnomedicine in Southwest China. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193568. [PMID: 31581734 PMCID: PMC6804229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypericum stellatum, a species endemic to China, is used to treat hepatitis by several ethnic groups in Guizhou Province. This research was inspired by the traditional medicinal usage of H. stellatum, and aims to explore the phytochemistry and bioactivity of H. stellatum to explain why local people in Guizhou widely apply H. stellatum for liver protection. In this study, two new prenylated xanthones, hypxanthones A (8) and B (9), together with seven known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of the plant. Spectroscopic data as well as experimental and calculated ECD spectra were used to establish the structures of these compounds. Six xanthones isolated in this study, together with four xanthones previously isolated from H. stellatum, were evaluated for their growth-inhibitory activities against five human liver carcinoma cell lines to analyze the bioactivity and structure-activity relationship of xanthones from H. stellatum. Isojacareubin (6) showed significant cytotoxicity against five human liver carcinoma cell lines, with an IC50 value ranging from 1.41 to 11.83 μM, which was stronger than the positive control cisplatin (IC50 = 4.47–20.62 μM). Hypxanthone B (9) showed moderate cytotoxicity to three of the five cell lines. Finally, structure-activity analysis revealed that the prenyl and pyrano substituent groups of these xanthones contributed to their cytotoxicity.
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Yan XT, An Z, Huangfu Y, Zhang YT, Li CH, Chen X, Liu PL, Gao JM. Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol and phenolic metabolites from the aerial parts of Hypericum elatoides and their neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:65-74. [PMID: 30594026 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical study on the aerial parts of Hypericum elatoides led to the isolation of a previously undescribed polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative, hyperelatone A, seven previously undescribed phenolic metabolites, hyperelatones B-H, along with ten known analogues. The structures of hyperelatones A-H were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS experiment, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra, as well as chemical derivatization. All compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell injury in rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells and inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in BV-2 microglial cells. Hyperelatones B-D and H, cinchonain Ib, and tenuiside A showed noticeable neuroprotection at concentrations of 1.0-100.0 μM. Hyperelatones D, G, and H, (-)-epicatechin, tenuiside A, and (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.75 ± 0.02 to 5.83 ± 0.23 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Tao Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen An
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucui Huangfu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Teng Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Huan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China.
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Bridi H, Meirelles GDC, von Poser GL. Structural diversity and biological activities of phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 155:203-232. [PMID: 30153613 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants of the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) are used in folk medicine all over the world, H. perforatum being the most well-known species. Standardized extracts of this plant are commercially-available to treat mild to moderate depression cases. The present review summarizes the literature published up to 2016 concerning the phloroglucinol derivatives isolated from Hypericum species, together with their structural features and biological activities. These phytochemical studies led to the isolation of 101 prenylated phloroglucinols, chromanes and chromenes, 35 dimeric acylphloroglucinols, 235 polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols, 25 simple benzophenones and 33 phloroglucinol-terpene adducts. These compounds show a diverse range of biological activities, such as antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antinociceptive and antidepressant-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bridi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre/RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | | | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre/RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
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Zeng YR, Wang LP, Hu ZX, Yi P, Yang WX, Gu W, Huang LJ, Yuan CM, Hao XJ. Chromanopyrones and a flavone from Hypericum monogynum. Fitoterapia 2018; 125:59-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Yang XW, Grossman RB, Xu G. Research Progress of Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3508-3558. [PMID: 29461053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) are a class of hybrid natural products sharing the mevalonate/methylerythritol phosphate and polyketide biosynthetic pathways and showing considerable structure and bioactivity diversity. This review discusses the progress of research into the chemistry and biological activity of 421 natural PPAPs in the past 11 years as well as in-depth studies of biological activities and total synthesis of some PPAPs isolated before 2006. We created an online database of all PPAPs known to date at http://www.chem.uky.edu/research/grossman/PPAPs . Two subclasses of biosynthetically related metabolites, spirocyclic PPAPs with octahydrospiro[cyclohexan-1,5'-indene]-2,4,6-trione core and complicated PPAPs produced by intramolecular [4 + 2] cycloadditions of MPAPs, are brought into the PPAP family. Some PPAPs' relative or absolute configurations are reassigned or critically discussed, and the confusing trivial names in PPAPs investigations are clarified. Pharmacologic studies have revealed a new molecular mechanism whereby hyperforin and its derivatives regulate neurotransmitter levels by activating TRPC6 as well as the antitumor mechanism of garcinol and its analogues. The antineoplastic potential of some type B PPAPs such as oblongifolin C and guttiferone K has increased significantly. As a result of the recent appearances of innovative synthetic methods and strategies, the total syntheses of 22 natural PPAPs including hyperforin, garcinol, and plukenetione A have been accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China , Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , Kunming 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Robert B Grossman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40506-0055 , United States
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China , Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , Kunming 650201 , People's Republic of China
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Tala MF, Talontsi FM, Zeng GZ, Wabo HK, Spiteller M, Tan NH, Tane P. Phytochemical Analysis of a Cytotoxic Fraction of Quassia silvestris using LC-HR-ESI-MS n. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2017; 28:210-216. [PMID: 28028887 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genus Quassia is a promising source of secondary metabolites with biological potential including antimalarial and cytotoxic activities. Limited data are available on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Quassia silvestris Cheek & Jongkind, a Cameroonian medicinal plant used to treat various ailments. OBJECTIVES To carry out the bioassay-guided fractionation and LC-HR-ESI-MS analyses of the leaves extract from Q. silvestris; to purify the active fractions and isolate the major compounds using different chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The obtained compounds will be evaluated for their biological activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Following the cytotoxic screening and LC-HR-ESI-MS profiling of fractions obtained from partition of the methanolic extract of Q. silvestris leaves, the CH2 Cl2 -soluble fraction which exhibited the highest cytotoxicity was retained for further investigations. RESULTS Sixteen squalene-derived metabolites were identified with oxasqualenoid derivatives being the most predominant. Among the isolates, structure elucidation of two new oxasqualenoids quassiols E (1) and F (2), were achieved by NMR (one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D)) and MS methods. The newly characterised compounds 1 and 2, together with the known tetraol (3) and 3-oxo-oleanoic acid (16) displayed moderate cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION The identification and structural characterisation of highly oxidised squalene derived metabolites from this plant may provide important insight data for further pharmacological investigations. The LC-HR-ESI-MSn method reported here could be developed as a rapid and efficient tool for the analyses of structurally related compounds in the genera Quassia, Simarouba, and Eurycoma of the subfamily Simarouboideae. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Feussi Tala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Ferdinand Mouafo Talontsi
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Guang-Zhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | | | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ning-Hua Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Tane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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Fobofou SAT, Harmon CR, Lonfouo AHN, Franke K, Wright SM, Wessjohann LA. Prenylated phenyl polyketides and acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum peplidifolium. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 124:108-113. [PMID: 26880290 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In search for new or chemo-taxonomically relevant bioactive compounds from chemically unexplored Hypericum species, four previously undescribed natural products, named peplidiforones A-D were isolated and characterized from Hypericum peplidifolium A. Rich., together with six known compounds. The structures of all compounds were elucidated by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments, high resolution mass spectrometric analyses (HR-MS), and by comparison with data reported in the literature. Seven of these compounds are phenyl polyketides while three are acylphloroglucinol type compounds. Peplidiforone C, which possesses an unusual carbon skeleton consisting of a furan ring substituted by a 2,2-dimethylbut-3-enoyl moiety, is the first example of a prenylated furan derivative isolated from the genus Hypericum. The cytotoxicity, antifungal, and anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activities of extracts and compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Alain Tanemossu Fobofou
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chelsea Rebecca Harmon
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 68, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Antoine Honoré Nkuete Lonfouo
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Katrin Franke
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Stephen M Wright
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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