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Liu Z, Huang D, Zheng S, Song Y, Liu B, Sun J, Niu Z, Gu Q, Xu J, Xie L. Deep learning enables discovery of highly potent anti-osteoporosis natural products. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112982. [PMID: 33158578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A pre-trained self-attentive message passing neural network (P-SAMPNN) model was developed based on our anti-osteoclastogenesis dataset for virtual screening purpose. Validation processes proved that P-SAMPNN model was significantly superior to the other base line models. A commercially available natural product library was virtually screened by the P-SAMPNN model and resulted in confirmed 5 hits from 10 selected virtual hits. Among the confirmed hits, compounds AP-123/40765213 and AE-562/43462182 are the nanomolar inhibitors against osteoclastogenesis with a new scaffold. Further studies indicate that AP-123/40765213 and AE-562/43462182 significantly suppress the mRNA expression of RANK and downregulate the expressions of osteoclasts-related genes Ctsk, Nfatc1, and Tracp. Our work demonstrated that P-SAMPNN method can guide phenotype-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Dane Huang
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Shuangjia Zheng
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Song
- School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bingdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Jingyuan Sun
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhangming Niu
- Aladdin Healthcare Technologies Ltd., 24-26, Baltic Street West, London EC1Y OUR, UK
| | - Qiong Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Liwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
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A Review of the Ethnomedicinal Uses, Biological Activities, and Triterpenoids of Euphorbia Species. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174019. [PMID: 32899130 PMCID: PMC7504773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Euphorbia is one of the largest genera in the spurge family, with diversity in range, distribution, and morphology. The plant species in this genus are widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases, ranging from respirational infections, body and skin irritations, digestion complaints, inflammatory infections, body pain, microbial illness, snake or scorpion bites, pregnancy, as well as sensory disorders. Their successes have been attributed to the presence of diverse phytochemicals like polycyclic and macrocyclic diterpenes with various pharmacological properties. As a result, Euphorbia diterpenes are of interest to chemists and biochemists with regard to drug discovery from natural products due to their diverse therapeutic applications as well as their great structural diversity. Other chemical constituents such as triterpenoids have also been reported to possess various pharmacological properties, thus supporting the traditional uses of the Euphorbia species. These triterpenoids can provide potential leads that can be developed into pharmaceutical compounds for a wide range of medicinal applications. However, there are scattered scientific reports about the anticancer activities of these constituents. Harnessing such information could provide a database of bioactive pharmacopeia or targeted scaffolds for drug discovery. Therefore, this review presents an updated and comprehensive summary of the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and the anticancer activities of the triterpenoids of Euphorbia species. Most of the reported triterpenoids in this review belong to tirucallane, cycloartanes, lupane, oleanane, ursane, and taraxane subclass. Their anticancer activities varied distinctly with the majority of them exhibiting significant cytotoxic and anticancer activities in vitro. It is, therefore, envisaged that the report on Euphorbia triterpenoids with interesting anticancer activities will form a database of potential leads or scaffolds that could be advanced into the clinical trials with regard to drug discovery.
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Hua P, Cui H, Xu J, Cai R, She Z, Gu Q. Diaporisoindole E inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via suppression of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signal pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 75:153234. [PMID: 32510335 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diaporisoindole E (SA8), an isoprenylisoindole alkaloids isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. SYSU-HQ3, was reported with anti-inflammatory activity in RAW264.7 cells. However, the effect of SA8 in bone metabolism is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of SA8 in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and to explore its mechanism of action. METHODS Osteoclastogenesis was assayed by TRAP staining. Expression of osteoclast specific genes was evaluated by real time-PCR. The inhibition of phosphorylation of the protein was measured by western blot analysis. The transcription activity of NF-κB was conducted using luciferase reporter gene assays. Osteoblast differentiation was assayed by alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red staining. RESULTS SA8 significantly inhibited the osteoclast differentiation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which is consistent with the suppression of osteoclast specific genes including TRAP, DC-stamp, NFATc1, MMP-9, and ATP6v0d2. Further study on the mechanism of action revealed that SA8 inhibited osteoclast differentiation by attenuating PI3K/AKT and MAPK but not through NF-κB signaling pathways. Moreover, SA8 also suppressed bone resorption activity in a hydroxyapatite-coated plate without affecting osteoblast differentiation in C3H10T1/2 using alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red staining. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that SA8 (Diaporisoindole E) is the potential anti-osteoporosis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Hua
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Cui
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Runlin Cai
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhigang She
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Qiong Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Yuan S, Hua P, Zhao C, Zhou H, Xu J, Xu J, Gu Q. Jatrophane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia esula as Inhibitors of RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1005-1017. [PMID: 32233482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eighteen new jatrophane diterpenoids, euphoesulatins A-R (1-18), and three known diterpenoids (19-21) were isolated from Euphorbia esula. Compounds 1-7, 14, and 18 represent a rare type of jatrophane-type diterpenoid containing a nicotinoyloxy group. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X-ray crystallography. The compounds were assayed for their antiosteoporotic activity in a bone-marrow-derived macrophage cell line, and compounds 1, 8, and 10 significantly inhibited the formation of osteoclasts, with IC50 values of 1.2, 3.5, and 2.3 μM, respectively. These three compounds also dose-dependently reduced the activity of nuclear factor activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1. This study reveals the antiosteoporotic effects of jatrophane diterpenoids for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengheng Yuan
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Hua
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihao Zhou
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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Yu CX, Wang RY, Qi FM, Su PJ, Yu YF, Li B, Zhao Y, Zhi DJ, Zhang ZX, Fei DQ. Eupulcherol A, a triterpenoid with a new carbon skeleton from Euphorbia pulcherrima, and its anti-Alzheimer's disease bioactivity. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:76-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02334h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eupulcherol A (1), a novel triterpenoid with an unprecedented carbon skeleton, was isolated from Euphorbia pulcherrima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xue Yu
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Ru-Yue Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Feng-Ming Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Pan-Jie Su
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Yi-Fan Yu
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - De-Juan Zhi
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | | | - Dong-Qing Fei
- School of Pharmacy
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
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