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Patel K, Patel DK. Biological Potential and Therapeutic Effectiveness of Artemetin from Traditional to Modern Medicine: An Update on Pharmacological Activities and Analytical Aspects. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 19:265-275. [PMID: 38275071 DOI: 10.2174/0127724344266027231215105620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant products derived from natural sources have been used in medicine as a raw material and newer kinds of drug molecules in pharmaceuticals and other allied health sectors. Phytochemicals have numerous medicinal potentials, including anti- ageing, anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity in medicine. Development and biological application of herbal products in modern medicine signified the value of traditional medicinal plants in health care systems. METHODS The objective of the present study was to explore the scientific knowledge of the medicinal importance and therapeutic potential of artemetin in medicine. However, scientific investigations for their pharmacological activities in medicine have been done through scientific data analysis of different scientific research work collected from PubMed, Google, Science Direct and Google Scholar in order to know the biological importance of artemetin in medicine. Moreover, analytical data of artemetin have also been discussed in the present work. RESULTS The present work scientific data signified the biological potential of artemetin in medicine. Artemetin has been derived from numerous medicinal plants and dietary herbs, including Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia argyi, Achillea millefolium, and Vitex trifolia. Artemetin has anti-malarial, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, antiatherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive and hepatoprotective effects. Further, the biological role of artemetin on lipid oxidation, cytokine production, lipoxygenase, and estrogen- like effects was also investigated in the present work. Analytical data on artemetin in the present paper signified their important role in the isolation, separation, and identification of different classes of pure phytochemicals, including artemetin in medicine. CONCLUSION Scientific data analysis of artemetin signified its therapeutic potential in medicine for the development of newer scientific approaches for different human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Salamone S, Aiello N, Fusani P, Rosa A, Nieddu M, Appendino G, Pollastro F. Non-Volatile Terpenoids and Lipophilic Flavonoids from Achillea erba-rotta Subsp. moschata (Wulfen) I. Richardson. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:402. [PMID: 36679115 PMCID: PMC9866263 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Musk yarrow (Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata (Wulfen) I. Richardson) is endemic to the Central Alps, and is used to flavour alcoholic beverages. Despite its popularity as aromatizing agent and its alleged beneficial effects on digestion, the phytochemical profile of the plant is still largely unknown and undiscovered. As a consequence, its authentication in aromatized products is impossible beyond sensory analysis allowing forgery. To address these issues, we phytochemically characterized a sample of musk yarrow from the Italian Eastern Alps, identifying, in addition to widespread phytochemicals (taraxasterol, apigenin), the guaianolides 3, 8, 9; the seco-caryophyllane 6; and the polymethoxylated lipophilic flavonoids 1, 4, and 5. The flavonoid xanthomicrol 1, a major constituent of the plant, was cytotoxic to HeLa cells, but only modestly affected primary 3T3 fibroblasts. On account of their stability, detectability by UV absorption, and concentration, the oxygenated flavonoids qualify as markers to validate the supply chain of the plant growers to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Salamone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem S.r.l.s., Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Nicola Aiello
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Piazza Nicolini 6, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Pietro Fusani
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Piazza Nicolini 6, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Antonella Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mariella Nieddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem S.r.l.s., Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Xanthomicrol Activity in Cancer HeLa Cells: Comparison with Other Natural Methoxylated Flavones. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020558. [PMID: 36677614 PMCID: PMC9864045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The methoxylated flavone xanthomicrol represents an uncommon active phenolic compound identified in herbs/plants with a long application in traditional medicine. It was isolated from a sample of Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata (musk yar-row) flowering tops. Xanthomicrol promising biological properties include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This study mainly focused on the evaluation of the xanthomicrol impact on lipid metabolism in cancer HeLa cells, together with the investigation of the treatment-induced changes in cell growth, morphology, and apoptosis. At the dose range of 5-100 μM, xanthomicrol (24 h of incubation) significantly reduced viability and modulated lipid profile in cancer Hela cells. It induced marked changes in the phospholipid/cholesterol ratio, significant decreases in the levels of oleic and palmitic acids, and a marked increase of stearic acid, involving an inhibitory effect on de novo lipogenesis and desaturation in cancer cells. Moreover, marked cell morphological alterations, signs of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase were observed in cancer treated cells. The bioactivity profile of xanthomicrol was compared to that of the anticancer methoxylated flavones eupatilin and artemetin, and structure-activity relationships were underlined.
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Ferraro G, Belvedere R, Petrella A, Tosco A, Stork B, Salamone S, Minassi A, Pollastro F, Morretta E, Monti MC. Drug affinity-responsive target stability unveils filamins as biological targets for artemetin, an anti-cancer flavonoid. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:964295. [PMID: 36090055 PMCID: PMC9452882 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.964295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemetin is a valuable 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,3′,4′-pentamethoxyflavone present in many different medicinal plants with very good oral bioavailability and drug-likeness values, owing to numerous bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer ones. Here, a multi-disciplinary plan has been settled and applied for identifying the artemetin target(s) to inspect its mechanism of action, based on drug affinity-responsive target stability and targeted limited proteolysis. Both approaches point to the disclosure of filamins A and B as direct artemetin targets in HeLa cell lysates, also giving detailed insights into the ligand/protein-binding sites. Interestingly, also 8-prenyl-artemetin, which is an artemetin more permeable semisynthetic analog, directly interacts with filamins A and B. Both compounds alter filamin conformation in living HeLa cells with an effect on cytoskeleton disassembly and on the disorganization of the F-actin filaments. Both the natural compound and its derivative are able to block cell migration, expectantly acting on tumor metastasis occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Ferraro
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Pharmacy, Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Björn Stork
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefano Salamone
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Novara, Italy
| | - Alberto Minassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Novara, Italy
| | - Elva Morretta
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Chiara Monti,
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Xie J, Chen R, Wang Q, Mao H. Exploration and validation of Taraxacum mongolicum anti-cancer effect. Comput Biol Med 2022; 148:105819. [PMID: 35810695 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Taraxacum mongolicum gained a lot of concern and was applied in 93 formulas in China due to its fame as a traditional Chinese medicine. The earliest recorded application of Taraxacum mongolicum was traced back to the Han dynasty. Generations of doctors boosted the usage and enriched the pharmacological mechanism. Clinical application of the Taraxacum mongolicum is flourishing as it treats multiple diseases. This study aims to explore the anti-cancer effect, retrieve the active ingredients and screen the key targets of Taraxacum mongolicum in cancer therapy. We collected and evaluated 10 key active compounds to investigate the anti-cancer effect via 69 significant targets and a variety of biological processes and pathways. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis uncovered targets associated with protein phosphorylation, cell proliferation and apoptotic processes via regulation of kinases, ATP and enzyme binding activities. Half of the top 20 enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were directly involved in cancer. Based on standard selection criteria, seven hub targets were obtained. These targets functioned through distinct patterns and pathways in realizing the anti-cancer effect. Molecular docking was conducted to validate the potential combination between compounds and hub targets to explore the pharmacological mechanism of key compounds in Taraxacum mongolicum against cancer. In summary, our findings indicate that the famous and widely used Chinese herb, Taraxacum mongolicum, shows good anti-cancer effect through its active compounds, targeted genes, and multiple involved biological processes. The results may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent experimental validation and drug development of Taraxacum mongolicum extract against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumin Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal Disease Occurrence and Intervention, Medical School, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435003, PR China
| | - Ruxi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal Disease Occurrence and Intervention, Medical School, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435003, PR China
| | - Qingzhi Wang
- Medical College of YiChun University, Xuefu Road No 576, Yichun, Jiangxi, 336000, PR China.
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, 435000, PR China.
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Su B, Tian J, Liu M, Wang K, Yang W, Ning J, Li Y, Zheng G. Analysis of the chemical components of pomelo peels (Citrus grandis [L.] Osbeck) from different cultivars by using supercritical CO 2 fluid extraction and UHPLC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3031-3042. [PMID: 35608564 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Five pomelo cultivars (i.e., Citrus grandis cv. Shatianyou, Citrus grandis cv. Guanximiyou, Citrus grandis cv. Yuhuanyou, Citrus grandis cv. Duweiwendanyou and Citrus grandis cv. Liangpingyou) from different origins in China were selected to analyse their components by using supercritical CO2 fluid extraction coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 45 compounds were identified in the supercritical CO2 fluid extracts of the pomelo peels from the five cultivars. These compounds included 8 flavonoids, 18 coumarins, 4 organic acids, 3 aldehydes and 12 other compounds, which were identified using the obtained MS data and by comparison with commercial standards, Orbitrap Chinese Traditional Medicine Library and previous literature. Twenty-five of the identified compounds were detected for the first time in the pomelo peel extracts. Results suggested that the pomelo peels of C. grandis cv. Shatianyou contained the most natural chemical compositions. The pooled result may offer a scientific evidence for further development and utilisation of pomelo peels and a route for screening appropriate varieties for various demands. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqing Su
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jingyuan Tian
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Mengshi Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Kanghui Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wanling Yang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jinrong Ning
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
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