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Yan K, Liu X, Li L, Zhu S, Zheng L, He S, Jia X, Dong W, Liu Y, Lu Z, Yang F. Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents extraction of polysaccharides from Loquat leaf: Process optimization and bioactivity study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133308. [PMID: 38908619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Loquat leaves are the by-product of loquat fruit production. Polysaccharides are one of the main active ingredients in loquat leaves. In this study, polysaccharides were extracted from loquat leaves by ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs) extraction method. Further, the extracted crude loquat leaf polysaccharides (CLLP) were purified and separated via S-8 resin and DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography, respectively. Additionally, the effects of polysaccharides on activity of sperm in boar semen preserved in medium at 17 °C, were evaluated preliminarily. DES, composed of choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:6, molar ratio), was proved to be the suitable solvent for LLP extraction. The optimized extraction conditions were water content 44 %, liquid-solid ratio 1:29 (g/g), extraction temperature 61 °C and extraction time 98 min. Under these conditions, the LLP yield was 57.82 ± 1.50 mg/g. A homogeneous polysaccharide (LLP1-2, Mw: 2.17 × 104 Da) was isolated from CLLP. Its total sugar, uronic acid and protein contents were 76.31 ± 1.25 %, 14.19 ± 0.67 % and 3.28 ± 0.42 %, respectively. Further, 800 μg/mL LLP1-2 could effectively enhance the antioxidant activity of sperm. This study laid a foundation for DESs and column chromatography in the field of polysaccharide extraction and separation, proving that LLP can be used as a natural antioxidant for sperm preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yan
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xianglin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuyu Zhu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lijuan Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuyang He
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaomin Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Wuzi Dong
- Shaanxi Dayi Xunlong Biotechnology Co., LTD, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- National Engineering & Technology Research Center of Forest Chemical Industry, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhoumin Lu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Fangxia Yang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Resources Development and Utilization, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Zhong W, Yu Y, Zhang B, Tao D, Fang J, Ma F. Effect of H 2O 2-assisted ultrasonic bath on the degradation and physicochemical properties of pectin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128863. [PMID: 38143060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The effects of H2O2-assisted ultrasonic bath degradation technology on pectin were investigated. The degradation efficiency with different pectin concentrations, H2O2 concentrations, ultrasonic power, and ultrasonic time was analyzed. The results showed that pectin concentration was negatively correlated with the degradation efficiency of pectin, while, H2O2 concentration, ultrasonic power, and ultrasonic time were positive correlated with the degradation efficiency. Besides, the apparent viscosity and viscoelasticity of the degraded pectin decreased significantly. The antioxidant activity increased after the H2O2-assisted ultrasonic bath treatment. The results of FTIR, NMR, laser particle size, SEM, XRD, and AFM analysis indicated that the degradation treatment did not destroy the main structure of pectin. The average particle size and crystallinity of pectin decreased. The degree of aggregation and the height of the molecular chain decreased significantly. In conclusion, the H2O2-assisted ultrasonic bath degradation technique could effectively degrade pectin. This study provided a comprehensive analysis of the degradation of pectin under H2O2-assisted ultrasonic bath, which will be beneficial to further develop H2O2-assisted ultrasonic bath techniques for pectin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitian Zhong
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yang Yu
- China Certification & Inspection Group Liaoning Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Baiqing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Dongbing Tao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center, Tianjin 300202, China
| | - Fengming Ma
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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El Fihry N, El Mabrouk K, Eeckhout M, Schols HA, Hajjaj H. Physicochemical, structural, and functional characterization of pectin extracted from quince and pomegranate peel: A comparative study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:127957. [PMID: 37951436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Pectin's physicochemical, structural, and functional characteristics vary widely depending on the source of extraction. In this study, pectins were extracted from seedless quince and pomegranate peel, and their physicochemical, structural, and functional properties were investigated. A Box-Behnken Design with three factors and three levels was applied to optimize the pectin extraction yield from each matrix. As a result, the best extraction yields for quince pectin (QP) and pomegranate peel pectin (PPP) were 11.44 and 12.08 % (w/w), respectively. Both extracted pectins exhibit a linear structure, with the homogalacturonan domain dominating the rhamnogalacturonan I. Both pectins are highly methyl-esterified (DM > 69 %) with a higher degree of acetylation for PPP than QP, with 12 and 8 %, respectively. Unlike QP, PPP has a narrow, homogenous distribution and greater molecular weight (120 kDa). Regarding functionality, 1 g of QP could retain 4.92 g of water, and both pectin emulsions were more stable at room temperature than at 4 °C. When the concentration of QP is increased, rheological measurements demonstrate that it exhibits pseudoplastic behavior. Finally, QP can be used as a thickener, whereas PPP can be utilized as starting material for chemical changes to create multifunctional pectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noussaire El Fihry
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, Faculty of Sciences of Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201 Meknes, Morocco; Cluster of Competency «Agri-food, Safety and Security» IUC VLIR-UOS, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP 298 Meknes, Morocco.
| | - Khalil El Mabrouk
- Euromed Research Center, Euromed Polytechnic School, Euromed University of Fes (UEMF), Meknes Road, Campus UEMF, BP51, 30 030 Fes, Morocco.
| | - Mia Eeckhout
- Department of Food Technology, Food Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Hassan Hajjaj
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, Faculty of Sciences of Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201 Meknes, Morocco; Cluster of Competency «Agri-food, Safety and Security» IUC VLIR-UOS, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP 298 Meknes, Morocco.
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Noorbakhsh H, Rabbani Khorasgani M. Functional and chemical properties of Phoenix dactylifera l. Polysaccharides and the effect of date flesh and seed intervention on some blood biomarkers: A contrastive analysis. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100834. [PMID: 37780309 PMCID: PMC10534174 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical structure and bioactivity of ultrasonic-assisted alkaline extracted polysaccharides of date seed (DSP) and date flesh (DFP) were investigated. In addition, a crossover clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of 28 days of date seed powder and date flesh consumption on blood biomarkers. Xylose (72.2 %) and galactose (41.6 %) were the most abundant monosaccharides in DSP and DFP, also DFP had a higher uronic acid content (12.16 ± 2.13 g/100 g) compared to DSP (5.57 ± 1.2 g/100 g). DSP had higher proliferation and antibacterial effects compared to DFP and inulin. Bifidobacterium animalis produced a higher short-chain fatty acid concentration during fermentation of DSP (66.98 ± 4.33 mM) and DFP (58.58 ± 5.57 mM) than inulin (19.68 ± 3.73 mM). Date seed powder could significantly reduce C-reactive proteins and triglycerides and increase red blood cell count (p < 0.05). DSP showed considerable prebiotic capability, antibacterial activity, and health-promoting effect; therefore, it could be considered for further investigation as nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabbani Khorasgani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Cui Y, Wang R, Cao S, Ismael M, Wang X, Lü X. A galacturonic acid-rich polysaccharide from Diospyros kaki peel: Isolation, characterization, rheological properties and antioxidant activities in vitro. Food Chem 2023; 416:135781. [PMID: 36871504 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
This research elucidated the structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of a galacturonic acid-rich polysaccharide (PPP-2) isolated from Diospyros kaki peel. PPP-2 was extracted by subcritical water and subsequently purified by DEAE-Sepharose FF column. PPP-2 (12.28 kDa) mainly contained galacturonic acid, arabinose, and galactose with the molar ratios of 87.15: 5.86: 4.31. The structural characteristics of PPP-2 were revealed through FT-IR, UV, XRD, AFM, SEM, Congo red, methylation, GC/MS assay and NMR spectrum. PPP-2 owned the triple helical structure and degradation temperature of 251.09 ℃. The backbone of PPP-2 was formed by →4)-α-d-GalpA-6-OMe-(1→ and →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→ with the side chains of →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →3)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →3,6)-β-d-Galp-(1→ and α-l-Araf-(1→. Moreover, the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of PPP-2 to ABTS•+, DPPH•, superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical were 1.96, 0.91, 3.63, and 4.08 mg/mL, respectively. Our results suggested that PPP-2 might be a novel candidate of natural antioxidant in pharmaceuticals or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Cui
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Ruiling Wang
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Siyue Cao
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Mohamedelfatieh Ismael
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Xin Lü
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Yang X, Wang W, Jiang Q, Xie S, Zhao P, Liu Z, Zhu G, Xu J, Wang J, Li Y. Subcritical Water Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Vaccinium Dunalianum Wight Leaves and Their Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201099. [PMID: 37096966 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Subcritical water extraction was used to extract bioactive phenolic compounds from Vaccinium dunalianum Wight leaves. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as an extraction temperature of 150 °C, an extraction time of 40 min, and a liquid-solid ratio of 35 : 1 mL/g. The total phenolic content reached 21.35 mg gallic acid /g, which was 16 % higher than that by hot water extraction. The subcritical water extraction extract exhibited strong scavenging activity of DPPH free radical and ABTS+ free radical, as well as significant tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The study suggests that subcritical water extraction can alter the composition of the extracts, leading to the production of various phenolic compounds, effective antioxidants, and tyrosinase inhibitors from Vaccinium dulciana Wight leaves. These findings confirm the potential of Vaccinium dunalianum Wight as a natural antioxidant molecule source for the medicine and food industries, and for the therapy of skin pigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Sida Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Guolei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Junming Xu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Yonghe Li
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
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Purification, structural characterization and antioxidant activities of two neutral polysaccharides from persimmon peel. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:241-254. [PMID: 36332822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two neutral polysaccharides (PPP1-1 and PPP1-2) were purified from persimmon peel. PPP1-1 (21.84 kDa) was mainly composed of arabinose (22.92 %), galactose (21.09 %), glucose (35.13 %), and xylose (19.09 %), while PPP1-2 (10.42 kDa) mainly contained arabinose (32.98 %), galactose (20.81 %), glucose (26.86 %), xylose (10.46 %), and mannose (7.63 %). Methylation and NMR spectra analysis demonstrated that the backbone of PPP1-1 appeared to be →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →2,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1 → residues with branches consisting of →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→, and α-L-Araf-(1 → residues. The main chain of PPP1-2 was composed of →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1 → residues with branches consisting of →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →1,2)-α-D-Glcp-(6→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, and →4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → residues and terminal of α-L-Araf-(1 → residue. PPP1-2 exhibited stronger antioxidant activities and better thermal stability than PPP1-1. Our results provided the foundation for further investigating the structure and biological activities of persimmon peel polysaccharides and highlighted their potential to become potential antioxidants in functional food.
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