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Mornar A, Buhač T, Klarić DA, Klarić I, Sertić M, Nigović B. Multi-targeted Screening of Phytoestrogens in Food, Raw Material, and Dietary Supplements by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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2
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Bustamante-Rangel M, Delgado-Zamarreño MM, Pérez-Martín L, Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Domínguez-Álvarez J. Analysis of Isoflavones in Foods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:391-411. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Bustamante-Rangel
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences; Univ. of Salamanca; Plaza de los Caídos s/n 37008 Salamanca Spain
| | - María Milagros Delgado-Zamarreño
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences; Univ. of Salamanca; Plaza de los Caídos s/n 37008 Salamanca Spain
| | - Lara Pérez-Martín
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences; Univ. of Salamanca; Plaza de los Caídos s/n 37008 Salamanca Spain
| | - Encarnación Rodríguez-Gonzalo
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences; Univ. of Salamanca; Plaza de los Caídos s/n 37008 Salamanca Spain
| | - Javier Domínguez-Álvarez
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences; Univ. of Salamanca; Plaza de los Caídos s/n 37008 Salamanca Spain
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Kim YR, Pyo HS, Chung BC, Moon MH, Lee J. GC-MS Analysis of Various Phytoestrogens in Health Functional Foods. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ra Kim
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Hee Soo Pyo
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
| | - Bong Chul Chung
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Jeongae Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
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Almeida IMC, Rodrigues F, Sarmento B, Alves RC, Oliveira MBPP. Isoflavones in food supplements: chemical profile, label accordance and permeability study in Caco-2 cells. Food Funct 2016; 6:938-46. [PMID: 25653232 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Consumers nowadays are playing an active role in their health-care. A special case is the increasing number of women, who are reluctant to use exogenous hormone therapy for the treatment of menopausal symptoms and are looking for complementary therapies. However, food supplements are not clearly regulated in Europe. The EFSA has only recently begun to address the issues of botanical safety and purity regulation, leading to a variability of content, standardization, dosage, and purity of available products. In this study, isoflavones (puerarin, daidzin, genistin, daidzein, glycitein, genistein, formononetin, prunetin, and biochanin A) from food supplements (n = 15) for menopausal symptoms relief are evaluated and compared with the labelled information. Only four supplements complied with the recommendations made by the EC on the tolerable thresholds. The intestinal bioavailability of these compounds was investigated using Caco-2 cells. The apparent permeability coefficients of the selected isoflavonoids across the Caco-2 cells were affected by the isoflavone concentration and product matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M C Almeida
- REQUIMTE - Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Risk assessment for peri- and post-menopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Neacsu M, Vaughan N, Raikos V, Multari S, Duncan G, Duthie G, Russell W. Phytochemical profile of commercially available food plant powders: their potential role in healthier food reformulations. Food Chem 2015; 179:159-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Bresciani L, Calani L, Cossu M, Mena P, Sayegh M, Ray S, Del Rio D. (Poly)phenolic characterization of three food supplements containing 36 different fruits, vegetables and berries. PHARMANUTRITION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Csupor D, Bognár J, Karsai J. An Optimized Method for the Quantification of Isoflavones in Dry Soy Extract Containing Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Critical review of complementary and alternative medicine use in menopause: focus on prevalence, motivation, decision-making, and communication. Menopause 2015; 21:536-48. [PMID: 24104604 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3182a46a3e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to undertake the first critical review of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among menopausal women (a term here used to include premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women) by focusing on the prevalence of CAM use and CAM users' characteristics, motivation, decision-making, and communication with healthcare providers. METHODS A comprehensive search of 2002-2012 international literature in the Medline, CINAHL, AMED, and SCOPUS databases was conducted. The search was confined to peer-reviewed articles published in English with abstracts and reporting new empirical research findings regarding CAM use and menopause. RESULTS A considerable level of CAM use was observed among women in menopause. Many menopausal women use CAM concurrently with their conventional medicine. However, communication regarding CAM between menopausal women and healthcare providers seems less than optimal, with a demand for further information on the safety and efficacy of medicines. Existing literature is of variable methodological rigor, often presenting small sample sizes and low-quality data collection. Further rigorous research on this topic-including quantitative and qualitative methods using large national samples, where relevant-is required. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this critical review provide insights for those practicing and managing health care in this area of women's health. Healthcare providers should prepare to inform menopausal women about all treatment options, including CAM, and should be aware of the possible adverse effects of CAM and potential interactions between CAM and conventional medicine among women in menopause who are under their care.
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10
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UHPLC–UV method for the determination of flavonoids in dietary supplements and for evaluation of their antioxidant activities. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 102:468-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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van der Velpen V, Geelen A, Hollman PCH, Schouten EG, van 't Veer P, Afman LA. Isoflavone supplement composition and equol producer status affect gene expression in adipose tissue: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 100:1269-77. [PMID: 25332325 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.088484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoflavone supplements, consumed by women experiencing menopausal symptoms, are suggested to have positive effects on menopause-related adiposity and cardiovascular disease risk profile, but discussions about their safety are still ongoing. OBJECTIVE The objective was to study the effects of an 8-wk consumption of 2 different isoflavone supplements compared with placebo on whole-genome gene expression in the adipose tissue of postmenopausal women. DESIGN This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover intervention consisted of 2 substudies, one with a low-genistein (LG) supplement (56% daidzein + daidzin, 16% genistein + genistin, and 28% glycitein + glycitin) and the other with a high-genistein (HG) supplement (49% daidzein + daidzin, 41% genistein + genistin, and 10% glycitein + glycitin). Both supplements provided ∼ 100 mg isoflavones/d (aglycone equivalents). After the 8-wk isoflavone and placebo period, whole-genome arrays were performed in subcutaneous adipose tissue of postmenopausal women (n = 26 after LG, n = 31 after HG). Participants were randomized by equol-producing phenotype, and data analysis was performed per substudy for equol producers and nonproducers separately. RESULTS Gene set enrichment analysis showed downregulation of expression of energy metabolism-related genes after LG supplementation (n = 24) in both equol-producing phenotypes and oppositely regulated expression for equol producers (down) and nonproducers (up) after HG supplementation (n = 31). Expression of inflammation-related genes was upregulated in equol producers but downregulated in nonproducers, independent of supplement type. Only 4.4-7.0% of the genes with significantly changed expression were estrogen responsive. Body weight, adipocyte size, and plasma lipid profile were not affected by isoflavone supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Effects of isoflavones on adipose tissue gene expression were influenced by supplement composition and equol-producing phenotype, whereas estrogen-responsive effects were lacking. LG isoflavone supplementation resulted in a caloric restriction-like gene expression profile for both producer phenotypes and pointed toward a potential beneficial effect, whereas both supplements induced anti-inflammatory gene expression in equol producers. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01556737.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera van der Velpen
- From the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (VvdV, AG, PCHH, EGS, PvtV, and LAA), and Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University & Research Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands (PCHH)
| | - Anouk Geelen
- From the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (VvdV, AG, PCHH, EGS, PvtV, and LAA), and Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University & Research Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands (PCHH)
| | - Peter C H Hollman
- From the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (VvdV, AG, PCHH, EGS, PvtV, and LAA), and Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University & Research Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands (PCHH)
| | - Evert G Schouten
- From the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (VvdV, AG, PCHH, EGS, PvtV, and LAA), and Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University & Research Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands (PCHH)
| | - Pieter van 't Veer
- From the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (VvdV, AG, PCHH, EGS, PvtV, and LAA), and Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University & Research Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands (PCHH)
| | - Lydia A Afman
- From the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (VvdV, AG, PCHH, EGS, PvtV, and LAA), and Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University & Research Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands (PCHH)
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12
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de Lima PF, Colombo CA, Chiorato AF, Yamaguchi LF, Kato MJ, Carbonell SAM. Occurrence of isoflavonoids in Brazilian common bean germplasm (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9699-704. [PMID: 25268033 DOI: 10.1021/jf5033312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is present in the daily diet of various countries and, as for other legumes, has been investigated for its nutraceutical potential. Thus, 16 genotypes from different gene pools, representing seven types of seed coats and different responses to pathogens and pests, were selected to verify their isoflavone contents. The isoflavonoids daidzein and genistein and the flavonols kaempferol, myricetin, and quercetin were found. Grains of the black type showed the highest concentrations of isoflavonoids and were the only ones to exhibit daidzein. IAC Formoso, with high protein content and source of resistance to anthracnose, showed the greatest concentration of genistein, representing around 11% of the content present in soybean, as well as high levels of kaempferol. Arc 1, Raz 55, and IAC Una genotypes showed high content of coumestrol. The results suggest the use of IAC Formoso to increase the nutraceutical characteristics in common bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Feliciano de Lima
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , CP 6154, 13084-971 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zamora-Ros R, Touillaud M, Rothwell JA, Romieu I, Scalbert A. Measuring exposure to the polyphenol metabolome in observational epidemiologic studies: current tools and applications and their limits. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 100:11-26. [PMID: 24787490 PMCID: PMC4144095 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.077743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Much experimental evidence supports a protective role of dietary polyphenols against chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. However, results from observational epidemiologic studies are still limited and are often inconsistent. This is largely explained by the difficulties encountered in the estimation of exposure to the polyphenol metabolome, which is composed of ~500 polyphenols distributed across a wide variety of foods and characterized by diverse biological properties. Exposure to the polyphenol metabolome in epidemiologic studies can be assessed by the use of detailed dietary questionnaires or the measurement of biomarkers of polyphenol intake. The questionnaire approach has been greatly facilitated by the use of new databases on polyphenol composition but is limited by bias as a result of self-reporting. The use of polyphenol biomarkers holds much promise for objective estimation of polyphenol exposure in future metabolome-wide association studies. These approaches are reviewed and their advantages and limitations discussed by using examples of epidemiologic studies on polyphenols and cancer. The current improvement in these techniques, along with greater emphasis on the intake of individual polyphenols rather than polyphenols considered collectively, will help unravel the role of these major food bioactive constituents in disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Zamora-Ros
- From the Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (RZ-R, JAR, IR, and AS); the Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain (RZ-R); and the Cancer and Environment Unit, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France (MT)
| | - Marina Touillaud
- From the Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (RZ-R, JAR, IR, and AS); the Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain (RZ-R); and the Cancer and Environment Unit, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France (MT)
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- From the Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (RZ-R, JAR, IR, and AS); the Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain (RZ-R); and the Cancer and Environment Unit, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France (MT)
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- From the Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (RZ-R, JAR, IR, and AS); the Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain (RZ-R); and the Cancer and Environment Unit, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France (MT)
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- From the Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (RZ-R, JAR, IR, and AS); the Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain (RZ-R); and the Cancer and Environment Unit, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France (MT)
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14
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López-Gutiérrez N, Romero-González R, Garrido Frenich A, Martínez Vidal JL. Identification and quantification of the main isoflavones and other phytochemicals in soy based nutraceutical products by liquid chromatography-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1348:125-36. [PMID: 24835762 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The specific phytochemicals composition of soy nutritional supplements is usually not labelled. Hence, 12 dietary supplements were analyzed in order to detect and identify the main phytochemicals present in these samples, using a database containing 60 compounds. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to single-stage Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) has been used. Two consecutive extractions, using as extraction solvent a mixture of methanol:water (80:20, v/v), were employed, followed by two dilutions (10 or 100 times depending on the concentration of the components in the sample) with a mixture of an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate 30mM:methanol (50:50, v/v). The method was validated, obtaining adequate recovery and precision values. Limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were calculated, ranging from 2 to 150μgL(-1). Isoflavones were the predominant components present in the analyzed supplements with values higher than 93% of the total amount of phytochemicals in all cases. The aglycones (genistein, daidzein, glycitein and biochanin A) as well as their three conjugated forms, β-glucosides (genistin, daizin and glycitin) were detected and quantified, being daidzein the isoflavone detected at higher concentration in 8 out of 12 samples reported, with values ranging from 684 to 35,970mgkg(-1), whereas biochanin A was detected at very low concentrations, ranging from 18 to 50mgkg(-1). Moreover, other phytochemicals as flavones, flavonols, flavanones and phenolic acids were also detected and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia López-Gutiérrez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, E-04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - José Luis Martínez Vidal
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, E-04120 Almería, Spain
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van der Velpen V, Hollman PC, van Nielen M, Schouten EG, Mensink M, Van't Veer P, Geelen A. Large inter-individual variation in isoflavone plasma concentration limits use of isoflavone intake data for risk assessment. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:1141-7. [PMID: 24939433 PMCID: PMC4197455 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background/objectives: Isoflavones are present in soy foods and soy-based supplements. Despite low plasma isoflavone concentrations in the general Western population, concentrations in supplement users exceed those suggested to be beneficial for health in Asian populations, raising concerns for adverse effects. To aid risk assessment, quantification of the relation between isoflavone intake and plasma concentrations is essential. Subjects/methods: Plasma samples were collected from postmenopausal women in three placebo-controlled crossover studies with 8-week periods for supplements (two studies, ~100 mg isoflavones/day, n=88) or 4-week periods for soy foods (one study, ~48 mg isoflavones/day, n=15). Plasma isoflavone concentrations (daidzein, equol, genistein and glycitein) were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. The association between plasma concentrations and isoflavone intake, equol producer status, intake–producer interaction and background dietary intake was assessed based on the assumption of a log-linear relation. Results: Median plasma total isoflavone concentrations after the soy food and supplement interventions were respectively 2.16 and 3.47 μmol/l for equol producers and 1.30 and 2.39 μmol/l for non-producers. Regression analysis showed that doubling isoflavone intake increased plasma concentrations by 55–62% (±s.e. 1–2%, R2>0.87) for daidzein, genistein, equol (only for producers) and total isoflavones; for glycitein the association was weaker (15±1%, R2=0.48). Adjustments for energy, carbohydrate and fat intake did not affect these estimates. Inter-individual variation, estimated based on repeated measures in one of the studies, was 30–96%. Conclusions: Although the relation between isoflavone intake and plasma concentrations was adequately quantified, the use of isoflavone intake data for risk assessment needs caution due to large inter-individual variation in plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V van der Velpen
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - P C Hollman
- 1] Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands [2] RIKILT, Wageningen University & Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M van Nielen
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - E G Schouten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Mensink
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Van't Veer
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Geelen
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Islam MA, Punt A, Spenkelink B, Murk AJ, Rolaf van Leeuwen FX, Rietjens IMCM. Conversion of major soy isoflavone glucosides and aglycones in in vitro intestinal models. Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 58:503-15. [PMID: 24668774 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE This study compares conversion of three major soy isoflavone glucosides and their aglycones in a series of in vitro intestinal models. METHODS AND RESULTS In an in vitro human digestion model isoflavone glucosides were not deconjugated, whereas studies in a Caco-2 transwell model confirmed that deconjugation is essential to facilitate transport across the intestinal barrier. Deconjugation was shown upon incubation of the isoflavone glucosides with rat as well as human intestinal S9. In incubations with rat intestinal S9 lactase phlorizin hydrolase, glucocerebrosidase, and cytosolic broad-specific β-glucosidase all contribute significantly to deconjugation, whereas in incubations with human intestinal S9 deconjugation appeared to occur mainly through the activity of broad-specific β-glucosidase. Species differences in glucuronidation and sulfation were limited and generally within an order of magnitude with 7-O-glucuronides being the major metabolites for all three isoflavone aglycones and the glucuronidation during first pass metabolism being more efficient in rats than in humans. Comparison of the catalytic efficiencies reveals that deconjugation is less efficient than conjugation confirming that aglycones are unlikely to enter the systemic circulation. CONCLUSION Altogether, the data point at possible differences in the characteristics for intestinal conversion of the major soy isoflavones between rat and human, especially with respect to their deconjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Islam
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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van der Velpen V, Geelen A, Schouten EG, Hollman PC, Afman LA, van 't Veer P. Estrogen receptor-mediated effects of isoflavone supplementation were not observed in whole-genome gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in postmenopausal, equol-producing women. J Nutr 2013; 143:774-80. [PMID: 23616509 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.174037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, and glycitein) are suggested to have benefits as well as risks for human health. Approximately one-third of the Western population is able to metabolize daidzein into the more potent metabolite equol. Having little endogenous estradiol, equol-producing postmenopausal women who use isoflavone supplements to relieve their menopausal symptoms could potentially be at high risk of adverse effects of isoflavone supplementation. The current trial aimed to study the effects of intake of an isoflavone supplement rich in daidzein compared with placebo on whole-genome gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in equol-producing, postmenopausal women. Thirty participants received an isoflavone supplement or a placebo for 8 wk each in a double-blind, randomized cross-over design. The isoflavone supplement was rich in daidzein (60%) and provided 94 mg isoflavones (aglycone equivalents) daily. Gene expression in PBMCs was significantly changed (P < 0.05) in 357 genes after the isoflavone intervention compared with placebo. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed downregulated clusters of gene sets involved in inflammation, oxidative phosphorylation, and cell cycle. The expression of estrogen receptor (ER) target genes and gene sets related to ER signaling were not significantly altered, which may be explained by the low ERα and ERβ expression in PBMCs. The observed downregulated gene sets point toward potential beneficial effects of isoflavone supplementation with respect to prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease. However, whether ER-related effects of isoflavones are beneficial or harmful should be studied in tissues that express ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera van der Velpen
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Bustamante-Rangel M, Delgado-Zamarreño M, Pérez-Martín L, Carabias-Martínez R. QuEChERS method for the extraction of isoflavones from soy-based foods before determination by capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2012.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fiechter G, Opacak I, Raba B, Mayer H. A new ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography method for the determination of total isoflavone aglycones after enzymatic hydrolysis: Application to analyze isoflavone levels in soybean cultivars. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rossi D, Guerrini A, Bruni R, Brognara E, Borgatti M, Gambari R, Maietti S, Sacchetti G. trans-Resveratrol in nutraceuticals: issues in retail quality and effectiveness. Molecules 2012; 17:12393-405. [PMID: 23090020 PMCID: PMC6268383 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171012393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fourteen brands of resveratrol-containing nutraceuticals were evaluated in order to verify their actual resveratrol content and to control if their health-promoting properties are related to manufacturing quality. Products included pure resveratrol capsules or multi-ingredient formulations with standardized amounts of resveratrol and other phytochemicals. Samples were analyzed for total trans-resveratrol, flavonoids, procyanidin, polyphenol content and the results were compared with the content declared on-label. Only five out of 14 brands had near label values, compliant with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) requirements (95–105% content of active constituent), four products were slightly out of this range (83–111%) and three were in the 8–64% range. Two samples were below the limit of detection. The greater the difference between actual and labeled resveratrol content, the lower was the antioxidant and antiproliferative activity strength. Dietary supplements containing pure trans-resveratrol exhibited a greater induction of differentiation towards human leukemic K562 cells when compared to multicomponent products. Great differences currently exist among resveratrol food supplements commercially available and GMP-grade quality should not be taken for granted. On the other side, dosages suggested by most “pure”, “high-dosage” supplements may allow a supplementation level adequate to obtain some of the purported health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Rossi
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie-SVEB, UR7 Terra&Acqua Tech-Università di Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Guerrini
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie-SVEB, UR7 Terra&Acqua Tech-Università di Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Renato Bruni
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università di Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 11A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +39-0521-906004; Fax: +39-0521-905403
| | - Eleonora Brognara
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Sezione Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Borgatti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Sezione Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Sezione Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Maietti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie-SVEB, UR7 Terra&Acqua Tech-Università di Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianni Sacchetti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie-SVEB, UR7 Terra&Acqua Tech-Università di Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Effect of different sample preparation methods on isoflavone, lignan, coumestan and flavonoid contents of various vegetables determined by triple quadrupole LC–MS/MS. J Food Compost Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Konar N, Poyrazoğlu ES, Demir K, Artik N. Determination of conjugated and free isoflavones in some legumes by LC–MS/MS. J Food Compost Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cvejić J, Tepavčević V, Bursać M, Miladinović J, Malenčić Đ. Isoflavone composition in F1 soybean progenies. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Advanced analysis of nutraceuticals. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:758-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Fiechter G, Raba B, Jungmayr A, Mayer HK. Characterization of isoflavone composition in soy-based nutritional supplements via ultra performance liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 672:72-8. [PMID: 20579493 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Revised: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The specific isoflavone composition of nutritional supplements is commonly not-labeled, although the stated amounts are strongly dependent on the present isoflavone conjugates. Hence, 11 soy-based dietary supplements were characterized via a newly established ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method, on both their native conjugated isoflavone spectra, as well as on quantitative amounts derived as total aglycones after enzymatic hydrolysis utilizing Helix pomatia juice. Capitalizing on sub-2 microm particles, the established RP-UPLC technique facilitated efficient chromatographic separation of all 12 soy intrinsic isoflavone forms within 10 min. Derived native isoflavone profiles implied a certain variability, comprising conjugated forms, especially glycosides, as the predominant isoflavonic constituents throughout the majority of supplements, whereas only two samples indicated the more bioavailable free aglycones as prevailing compounds. Moreover, the robust quantification as total aglycones subsequent to enzymatic hydrolysis, unexceptionally yielded negative deviations referring to the labeled specifications, thus implying that stated amounts were typically calculated on basis of the high molecular isoflavone conjugates. Thus, especially in regard to better comparability, regulations concerning an uniform labeling basis are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fiechter
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Food Chemistry, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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de Cremoux P, This P, Leclercq G, Jacquot Y. Controversies concerning the use of phytoestrogens in menopause management: bioavailability and metabolism. Maturitas 2010; 65:334-9. [PMID: 20080366 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that the use of phytoestrogens (PE) in menopausal therapy could be beneficial to woman health, particularly with respect to hot flushes. Indeed, PE may compensate the lack of endogenous 17beta-estradiol occurring during menopause. However, therapeutic benefits remain questionable, as highlighted by recent publications. Indeed, data are often subjected to controversy since a number of exogenous and endogenous factors influencing the responsiveness of patients are not sufficiently taken into account. In the present paper, we will discuss the role of bioavailability and metabolism in the instability of individual response to PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de Cremoux
- Unité de Pharmacologie Moléculaire, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
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