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Gonzalez-Estanol K, Pedrotti M, Fontova-Cerdà M, Khomenko I, Biasioli F, Stieger M. Influence of Chewing Rate and Food Composition on in Vivo Aroma Release and Perception of Composite Foods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6723-6734. [PMID: 38478988 PMCID: PMC10979429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of chewing rate and food composition on in vivo aroma release and perception of composite foods. Bread or sponge cake paired with varying sugar content and viscosity strawberry jams, spiked with citral and limonene, were examined. In-nose release was characterized using Proton-Transfer-Reaction-Time-of-Flight-Mass-Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). Simultaneously, Time-Intensity (TI) profiling assessed citrus aroma perception (n = 8, triplicate) while fast and slow chewing protocols were applied (fast: 1.33 chews/s; slow 0.66 chews/s; each for 25 s). Chewing rate did not significantly impact the area under the curve and maximum intensity of in vivo citral and limonene release and citrus aroma perception. Faster chewing rates significantly decreased the time to reach maximum intensity of aroma release (p < 0.05) and citrus aroma perception (p < 0.001). Faster chewing rates probably accelerated structural breakdown, inducing an earlier aroma release and perception without affecting aroma intensity. Adding carriers to jams significantly (p < 0.05) increased aroma release, while perceived citrus aroma intensity significantly (p < 0.05) decreased regardless of chewing rate. In conclusion, chewing rate affects the temporality of in vivo aroma release and perception without affecting its intensity, and carrier addition increases in vivo aroma release while diminishing aroma perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gonzalez-Estanol
- Research
and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, 38098 San Michele
All’Adige (TN), Italy
- Food
Quality and Design, Wageningen University, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Agri-Food and Environmental Sciences, Trento University, I-38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Michele Pedrotti
- Research
and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, 38098 San Michele
All’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Mònica Fontova-Cerdà
- Food
Quality and Design, Wageningen University, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iuliia Khomenko
- Research
and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, 38098 San Michele
All’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Research
and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, 38098 San Michele
All’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Markus Stieger
- Food
Quality and Design, Wageningen University, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Division
of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen
University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Kou X, Su D, Pan F, Xu X, Meng Q, Ke Q. Molecular dynamics simulation techniques and their application to aroma compounds/cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121524. [PMID: 37985058 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Homeostatic technologies play a crucial role in maintaining the quality and extending the service life of aroma compounds (ACs). Commercial cyclodextrins (CDs) are commonly used to form inclusion complexes (ICs) with ACs to enhance their solubility, stability, and morphology. The selection of suitable CDs and ACs is of paramount importance in this process. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide an in-depth understanding of the interactions between ACs and CDs, aiding researchers in optimising the properties and effects of ICs. This review offers a systematic discussion of the application of MD simulations in ACs/CDs ICs, covering the establishment of the simulation process, parameter selection, model evaluation, and various application cases, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, this review summarises the major achievements and challenges of this method while identifying areas that require further exploration. These findings may contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the formation and stabilization mechanisms of ACs/CDs ICs and offer guidance for the selection and computational characterisation of CDs in the AC steady state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingran Kou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fragrance Flavour and Cosmetics, School of Perfume and Aroma Technology (Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance & Flavour Industry), Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fragrance Flavour and Cosmetics, School of Perfume and Aroma Technology (Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance & Flavour Industry), Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xiwei Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fragrance Flavour and Cosmetics, School of Perfume and Aroma Technology (Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance & Flavour Industry), Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingran Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fragrance Flavour and Cosmetics, School of Perfume and Aroma Technology (Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance & Flavour Industry), Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qinfei Ke
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fragrance Flavour and Cosmetics, School of Perfume and Aroma Technology (Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance & Flavour Industry), Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Dalabasmaz S, Melayim ME, Konar N. Effects of gelatin concentration, adding temperature and mixing rate on texture and quality characteristics of model gels. J Texture Stud 2023. [PMID: 37718251 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of gelatin concentrations (GC) (5.0-10.0 g/100 g), mixing rate (MR) (100-1100 rpm), and gelatin addition temperature (GAT) (55, 60, and 65°C) were investigated on the main textural and various physicochemical properties of model gels (n = 72) prepared using sucrose and glucose syrup (40-42 DE). Considering the p-value of the F-statistic calculated by analysis of variance and the 5% significance level, the production parameters and their interactions had a significant effect on the quality parameters. The influence of the production parameters GC, MR, and GAT, and the interaction of these parameters, GC * MR, GC * GAT, MR * GAT, and GC * MR * GAT of the model gels on the quality characteristic were expressed by converting the Type III SS values into percent values. When all quality characteristics were considered together, MR was the most influential with a score of 58%. PCAmix, a combination of factorial analysis with PCA, was used to visualize the correlations between the production parameters and the quality characteristics of the modeled gels. A great influence was observed between MR and moisture content, color properties, and texture parameters, except springiness. A moderate effect of GC and a minor effect of GAT could be characterized. With the 2D-map of observations, the model gels could be clearly divided into two groups according to the MRs. In accordance with the observations diagram of PCAmix, the similarity dendrogram of AHC also formed two clusters, one cluster for the samples with MR 100 and 200 rpm and one cluster for the samples with MR 500 and 1100 rpm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Dalabasmaz
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen
| | - Mehmet Erhan Melayim
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Konar
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Dairy Technology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Le Quéré JL, Schoumacker R. Dynamic Instrumental and Sensory Methods Used to Link Aroma Release and Aroma Perception: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:6308. [PMID: 37687137 PMCID: PMC10489873 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Perception of flavor is a dynamic process during which the concentration of aroma molecules at the olfactory epithelium varies with time as they are released progressively from the food in the mouth during consumption. The release kinetics depends on the food matrix itself but also on food oral processing, such as mastication behavior and food bolus formation with saliva, for which huge inter-individual variations exist due to physiological differences. Sensory methods such as time intensity (TI) or the more-recent methods temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) and temporal check-all-that-apply (TCATA) are used to account for the dynamic and time-related aspects of flavor perception. Direct injection mass spectrometry (DIMS) techniques that measure in real time aroma compounds directly in the nose (nosespace), aimed at obtaining data that reflect the pattern of aroma release in real time during food consumption and supposed to be representative of perception, have been developed over the last 25 years. Examples obtained with MS operated in chemical ionization mode at atmospheric or sub-atmospheric pressure (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization APCI or proton-transfer reaction PTR) are given, with emphases on studies conducted with simultaneous dynamic sensory evaluation. Inter-individual variations in terms of aroma release and their relevance for understanding flavor perception are discussed as well as the evidenced cross-modal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Le Quéré
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation (CSGA), CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France
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Gonzalez-Estanol K, Khomenko I, Cliceri D, Biasioli F, Stieger M. In vivo aroma release and perception of composite foods using nose space PTR–ToF–MS analysis with Temporal-Check-All-That-Apply. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112726. [PMID: 37087281 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In vivo aroma release and perception of complex food matrices have been underexplored. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of (i) fat and sugar content of chocolate-hazelnut spreads on in vivo aroma release and perception and (ii) carrier addition (bread, wafer) on in vivo aroma release and perception of chocolate-hazelnut spread using dynamic nose space analysis (PTR-ToF-MS) and dynamic sensory analysis (TCATA). Carriers were combined with spreads varying in fat and sugar content and were spiked with five volatile organic compounds (benzaldehyde, filbertone, 2-methylpyrazine, delta-dodecalactone, isovaleraldehyde). TCATA profiles from a consumer panel without in vivo nose space analysis (n = 72) and a trained panel performing in vivo nose space analysis (n = 8, triplicate) were compared. TCATA profiles of the spread-carrier combinations obtained by both panels showed similarly that attributes related to the carriers were perceived at the beginning of consumption, whereas attributes related to the spreads were perceived after swallowing. Significant (p < 0.05) and small differences were observed for the attributes cocoa, creamy, milky, sticky and toffee between both panels. In the evaluated reformulation range, fat and sugar content of chocolate-hazelnut spreads had only a limited effect on in vivo aroma release and perception. In contrast, addition of carriers strongly affected in vivo aroma release and perception for all target molecules. The addition of carriers to spreads generally increased aroma release (duration and intensity of aroma release) and decreased aroma perception. The addition of carriers generally reduced the time to reach maximum intensity compared to when spreads were eaten alone for the five volatile organic compounds while perception decreased. We conclude that the strong effect of carrier addition on in vivo aroma release and perception of chocolate-hazelnut spreads highlights the importance of investigating toppings/spreads accompanied with carriers rather than in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gonzalez-Estanol
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy; Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Center of Agri-food and Environmental Sciences, Trento University, San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy.
| | - Iuliia Khomenko
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Danny Cliceri
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy; Center of Agri-food and Environmental Sciences, Trento University, San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele All'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Markus Stieger
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Health conscious consumers and sugar confectionery: Present aspects and projections. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Matulyte I, Mataraite A, Velziene S, Bernatoniene J. The Effect of Myristica fragrans on Texture Properties and Shelf-Life of Innovative Chewable Gel Tablets. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020238. [PMID: 33572143 PMCID: PMC7915811 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chewable gel tablets are an underdeveloped subject, even though there are many simple chewable tablets and gummy candies in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Chewable gel tablets are not as sweet, they can have an active substance, pharmacological effect, and a value of nutrition. The aim of this study was to prepare gelatin-based chewable tablets with Myristica fragrans as a preservative and to determine the shelf-life variability depending on storage conditions, and to evaluate texture changes. Firmness and springiness of gel tablets were measured by a texture analyzer and compared between different storage conditions and the shelf-life of tablets was established by mold growing time. Chewable gel tablets were prepared by using silicone form. Mold was most likely to grow on tablets that have been packaged in squeezable bags (after 14 days 60% of all formulations had a mold, p < 0.05). The most stable tablets (over 180 days) were in sealed boxes and contained nutmeg essential oil or its solution, or ethanolic nutmeg extract. The gel tablets’ firmness increased about 4 times when they were stored in opened plastic boxes and their springiness decreased about 1.65 times after 28 days in the mentioned conditions, p < 0.05. Nutmeg hydrolat had the highest influence on texture variation (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Matulyte
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.M.); (S.V.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Akvile Mataraite
- Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Saule Velziene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (I.M.); (S.V.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-60063349
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8
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Weterings M, Bodnár I, Boom RM, Beyrer M. A classification scheme for interfacial mass transfer and the kinetics of aroma release. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Wu AZ, Lee RW, Calvé BL, Cayeux I. Temporal profiling of simplified lemonade using temporal dominance of sensations and temporal check‐all‐that‐apply. J SENS STUD 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/joss.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zhenan Wu
- Human Perception & Bioresponses, R&D, Firmenich Plainsboro New Jersey
| | - Rachel W. Lee
- Human Perception & Bioresponses, R&D, Firmenich Plainsboro New Jersey
| | | | - Isabelle Cayeux
- Human Perception & Bioresponses, R&D, Firmenich Plainsboro New Jersey
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Čižauskaitė U, Jakubaitytė G, Žitkevičius V, Kasparavičienė G. Natural Ingredients-Based Gummy Bear Composition Designed According to Texture Analysis and Sensory Evaluation In Vivo. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071442. [PMID: 30979093 PMCID: PMC6480394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased interest in functional materials of natural origin has resulted in a higher market demand for preservative-free, “clean label”, or natural ingredients-based products. The gummy bear food supplements are more acceptable to consumers and have fewer limitations compared to other dosage forms. The aim of our study was to produce natural ingredients-based gummy bear composition, and evaluate the influence of the selected ingredients on the product’s textural properties, its acceptance in vivo, and the gummy bear’s quality. The optimal base composition was determined using a surface response design: gelatin 4.3 g and agave syrup 6.3 g. The investigated sweeteners did not affect the textural properties (p > 0.05). However, further studies demonstrated that a 100% increase of agave results in up to 27% higher flexibility (p < 0.05). The addition of calcium and cholecalciferol reduced firmness by 59.59 ± 1.45% (p < 0.05). On the other hand, acai berry extract had no significant effect. The presence of calcium resulted in a decreased smell and taste; however, the data indicated that experimental texture analysis is a more accurate technique than in vivo evaluation. The acai berry extract did not improve all of the tested sensory properties. We can conclude that the suggested gummy bear base can be supplemented with various active ingredients and commercialized, though further studies are needed to investigate the other natural sources to mask the unpleasant taste of active ingredients and avoid water loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugnė Čižauskaitė
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A.Mickevičiaus g. 9, LT-44307, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Greta Jakubaitytė
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A.Mickevičiaus g. 9, LT-44307, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Virgilijus Žitkevičius
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A.Mickevičiaus g. 9, LT-44307, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Giedrė Kasparavičienė
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A.Mickevičiaus g. 9, LT-44307, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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11
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Ethnicity, gender and physiological parameters: Their effect on in vivo flavour release and perception during chewing gum consumption. Food Res Int 2018; 116:57-70. [PMID: 30716982 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of physiological parameters, ethnicity and gender on flavour perception and flavour release of chewing gum was investigated. Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry in-nose monitoring of volatile organic compounds was coupled to discontinuous time intensity sensory evaluation for mint flavour and sweetness perception. Each of the 29 subjects, 14 European and 15 Chinese panelists (13 male and 16 females, age 24 ± 1.4 years old) consumed the samples in triplicates. Physiological parameters (oral cavity volume, salivary flow, acetone and isoprene concentration and fungiform papillae density) were measured. Significant differences for in vivo flavour release between Chinese and European panelists after 90 s of consumption and after the gum was removed from the mouth were found. Significant differences were observed also in flavour and sweetness perception while no gender effect was detected. In this work, for the first time an effect of ethnicity on in-nose flavour release monitored through PTR-MS was noticed during chewing gum consumption, in agreement with the findings from sensory evaluation. Single physiological parameters do not explain the relation between flavour in nose release and perception during consumption.
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12
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Rodrigues JF, Souza VRD, Lima RR, Cruz AGD, Pinheiro ACM. Tds of cheese: Implications of analyzing texture and taste simultaneously. Food Res Int 2018; 106:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Charles M, Endrizzi I, Aprea E, Zambanini J, Betta E, Gasperi F. Dynamic and static sensory methods to study the role of aroma on taste and texture: A multisensory approach to apple perception. Food Qual Prefer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Array of Different Polyaniline-Based Sensors for Detection of Volatile Compounds in Gummy Candy. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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16
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17
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Rodrigues JF, Souza VRD, Lima RR, Carneiro JDDS, Nunes CA, Pinheiro ACM. Temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) panel behavior: A preliminary study with chocolate. Food Qual Prefer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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18
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Hou JJ, Guo J, Wang JM, Yang XQ. Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:4449-4456. [PMID: 26841309 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process. The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated. RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed. Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex. Moreover, emulsion gels with small droplets produced a greater quantity of small fragments after mastication. However, microstructure did not have a significant effect on breakdown properties of emulsion gels. Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel. CONCLUSION This finding provides a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Hou
- Food Protein Research and Development Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Food Protein Research and Development Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jin-Mei Wang
- Food Protein Research and Development Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Quan Yang
- Food Protein Research and Development Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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19
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Pizzoni D, Compagnone D, Di Natale C, D’Alessandro N, Pittia P. Evaluation of aroma release of gummy candies added with strawberry flavours by gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry and gas sensors arrays. J FOOD ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Frank D, Eyres GT, Piyasiri U, Cochet-Broch M, Delahunty CM, Lundin L, Appelqvist IM. Effects of Agar Gel Strength and Fat on Oral Breakdown, Volatile Release, and Sensory Perception Using in Vivo and in Vitro Systems. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9093-9102. [PMID: 26435196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The density and composition of a food matrix affect the rates of oral breakdown and in-mouth flavor release as well as the overall sensory experience. Agar gels of increasing concentration (1.0, 1.7, 2.9, and 5% agarose) with and without added fat (0, 2, 5, and 10%) were spiked with seven aroma volatiles. Differences in oral processing and sensory perception were systematically measured by a trained panel using a discrete interval time intensity method. Volatile release was measured in vivo and in vitro by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry. Greater oral processing was required as agar gel strength increased, and the intensity of flavor-related sensory attributes decreased. Volatile release was inversely related to gel strength, showing that physicochemical phenomena were the main mechanisms underlying the perceived sensory changes. Fat addition reduced the amount of oral processing and had differential effects on release, depending on the fat solubility or lipophilicity of the volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Frank
- CSIRO, 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia 2113
| | - Graham T Eyres
- CSIRO, 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia 2113
| | | | | | - Conor M Delahunty
- CSIRO, 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia 2113
| | - Leif Lundin
- CSIRO, 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia 2113
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Understanding flavour perception of espresso coffee by the combination of a dynamic sensory method and in-vivo nosespace analysis. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Le Quéré JL, Gierczynski I, Sémon E. An atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-ion-trap mass spectrometer for the on-line analysis of volatile compounds in foods: a tool for linking aroma release to aroma perception. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2014; 49:918-928. [PMID: 25230189 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ion-trap mass spectrometer was set up for the on-line analysis of aroma compounds. This instrument, which has been successfully employed for some years in several in vitro and in vivo flavour release studies, is described for the first time in detail. The ion source was fashioned from polyether ether ketone and operated at ambient pressure and temperature making use of a discharge corona pin facing coaxially the capillary ion entrance of the ion-trap mass spectrometer. Linear dynamic ranges (LDR), limits of detection (LOD) and other analytical characteristics have been re-evaluated. LDRs and LODs have been found fully compatible with the concentrations of aroma compounds commonly found in foods. Thus, detection limits have been found in the low ppt range for common flavouring aroma compounds (for example 5.3 ppt (0.82 ppbV) for ethyl hexanoate and 4.8 ppt (1.0 ppbV) for 2,5-dimethylpyrazine). This makes the instrument applicable for in vitro and in vivo aroma release investigations. The use of dynamic sensory techniques such as the temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) method conducted simultaneously with in vivo aroma release measurements allowed to get some new insights in the link between flavour release and flavour perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Le Quéré
- CNRS, UMR6265 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), F-21000, Dijon, France; INRA, UMR1324 CSGA, F-21000, Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, UMR CSGA, F-21000, Dijon, France
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23
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Rosenthal AJ, Share C. Temporal Dominance of Sensations of peanuts and peanut products in relation to Hutchings and Lillford’s “breakdown path”. Food Qual Prefer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Dinnella C, Masi C, Naes T, Monteleone E. A new approach in TDS data analysis: A case study on sweetened coffee. Food Qual Prefer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Boisard L, Tournier C, Sémon E, Noirot E, Guichard E, Salles C. Salt and fat contents influence the microstructure of model cheeses, chewing/swallowing andin vivoaroma release. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Boisard
- CNRS; UMR6265 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- INRA; UMR1324 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- Université de Bourgogne; UMR Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Carole Tournier
- CNRS; UMR6265 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- INRA; UMR1324 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- Université de Bourgogne; UMR Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Etienne Sémon
- CNRS; UMR6265 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- INRA; UMR1324 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- Université de Bourgogne; UMR Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Elodie Noirot
- INRA; UMR1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS 6300, Plateforme DimaCell; Centre de Microscopie INRA/Université de Bourgogne, BP 86510; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Elisabeth Guichard
- CNRS; UMR6265 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- INRA; UMR1324 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- Université de Bourgogne; UMR Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Christian Salles
- CNRS; UMR6265 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- INRA; UMR1324 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
- Université de Bourgogne; UMR Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation; F-21000 Dijon France
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26
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Mesurolle J, Saint-Eve A, Déléris I, Souchon I. Impact of fruit piece structure in yogurts on the dynamics of aroma release and sensory perception. Molecules 2013; 18:6035-56. [PMID: 23698054 PMCID: PMC6270320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18056035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to gain insight into the effect of food formulation on aroma release and perception, both of which playing an important role in food appreciation. The quality and quantity of retronasal aroma released during food consumption affect the exposure time of olfactory receptors to aroma stimuli, which can influence nutritional and hedonic characteristics, as well as consumption behaviors. In yogurts, fruit preparation formulation can be a key factor to modulate aroma stimulation. In this context, the impact of size and hardness of fruit pieces in fat-free pear yogurts was studied. Proton Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) was used to allow sensitive and on-line monitoring of volatile odorous compound release in the breath during consumption. In parallel, a trained panel used sensory profile and Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) methods to characterize yogurt sensory properties and their dynamic changes during consumption. Results showed that the size of pear pieces had few effects on aroma release and perception of yogurts, whereas fruit hardness significantly influenced them. Despite the fact that yogurts presented short and similar residence times in the mouth, this study showed that fruit preparation could be an interesting formulation factor to enhance exposure time to stimuli and thus modify food consumption behaviors. These results could be taken into account to formulate new products that integrate both nutritional and sensory criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Mesurolle
- INRA, UMR 782 Génie et Microbiologie des Procédés Alimentaires, 1 avenue Lucien Brétigniéres, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; E-Mails: (J.M.); (I.D.); (I.S.)
| | - Anne Saint-Eve
- AgroParisTech, UMR 782 Génie et Microbiologie des Procédés Alimentaires, 1 avenue Lucien Brétigniéres, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Isabelle Déléris
- INRA, UMR 782 Génie et Microbiologie des Procédés Alimentaires, 1 avenue Lucien Brétigniéres, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; E-Mails: (J.M.); (I.D.); (I.S.)
| | - Isabelle Souchon
- INRA, UMR 782 Génie et Microbiologie des Procédés Alimentaires, 1 avenue Lucien Brétigniéres, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; E-Mails: (J.M.); (I.D.); (I.S.)
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27
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Déléris I, Saint-Eve A, Sémon E, Guillemin H, Guichard E, Souchon I, Le Quéré JL. Comparison of direct mass spectrometry methods for the on-line analysis of volatile compounds in foods. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:594-607. [PMID: 23674284 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
For the on-line monitoring of flavour compound release, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and proton transfer reaction (PTR) combined to mass spectrometry (MS) are the most often used ionization technologies. APCI-MS was questioned for the quantification of volatiles in complex mixtures, but direct comparisons of APCI and PTR techniques applied on the same samples remain scarce. The aim of this work was to compare the potentialities of both techniques for the study of in vitro and in vivo flavour release. Aroma release from flavoured aqueous solutions (in vitro measurements in Teflon bags and glass vials) or flavoured candies (in vivo measurements on six panellists) was studied using APCI- and PTR-MS. Very similar results were obtained with both techniques. Their sensitivities, expressed as limit of detection of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, were found equivalent at 12 ng/l air. Analyses of Teflon bag headspace revealed a poor repeatability and important ionization competitions with both APCI- and PTR-MS, particularly between an ester and a secondary alcohol. These phenomena were attributed to dependency on moisture content, gas/liquid volume ratio, proton affinities and product ion distribution, together with inherent drawbacks of Teflon bags (adsorption, condensation of water and polar molecules). Concerning the analyses of vial headspace and in vivo analyses, similar results were obtained with both techniques, revealing no competition phenomena. This study highlighted the equivalent performances of APCI-MS and PTR-MS for in vitro and in vivo flavour release investigations and provided useful data on the problematic use of sample bags for headspace analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Déléris
- INRA, UMR 782, Laboratoire de Génie et Microbiologie des Procédés Alimentaires (GMPA), F-78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France.
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28
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Watkins PJ, Frank D, Singh TK, Young OA, Warner RD. Sheepmeat flavor and the effect of different feeding systems: a review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3561-3579. [PMID: 23488874 DOI: 10.1021/jf303768e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lamb has a unique flavor, distinct from other popular red meats. Although flavor underpins lamb's popularity, it can also be an impediment to consumer acceptance. Lack of familiarity with sheepmeat flavor itself can be a barrier for some consumers, and undesirable feed-induced flavors may also compromise acceptability. Against the backdrop of climate uncertainty and unpredictable rainfall patterns, sheep producers are turning to alternatives to traditional grazing pasture systems. Historically, pasture has been the predominant feed system for lamb production in Australia and around the world. It is for this reason that there has been a focus on "pastoral" flavor in sheep meat. Pasture-associated flavors may be accepted as "normal" by consumers accustomed to meat from pasture-fed sheep; however, these flavors may be unfamiliar to consumers of meat produced from grain-fed and other feed systems. Over the past few decades, studies examining the impacts of different feeds on lamb meat quality have yielded variable consumer responses ranging from "no effect" to "unacceptable", illustrating the diverse and sometimes inconsistent impacts of different forages on sheepmeat flavor. Despite considerable research, there is no consensus on which volatiles are essential for desirable lamb aroma and how they differ compared to other red meats, for example, beef. In contrast, comparatively little work has focused specifically on the nonvolatile taste components of lamb flavor. Diet also affects the amount of intramuscular fat and its fatty acid composition in the meat, which has a direct effect on meat juiciness and texture as well as flavor, and its release during eating. The effect of diet is far from simple and much still needs to be learned. An integrated approach that encompasses all input variables is required to better understand the impact of the feed and related systems on sheepmeat flavor. This review brings together recent research findings and proposes some novel approaches to gain insights into the relationship between animal diet, genetics, and sheepmeat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Watkins
- CSIRO Division of Animal, Food and Health Sciences, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia.
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29
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How can aroma–related cross–modal interactions be analysed? A review of current methodologies. Food Qual Prefer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Ting VJL, Soukoulis C, Silcock P, Cappellin L, Romano A, Aprea E, Bremer PJ, Märk TD, Gasperi F, Biasioli F. In vitro and in vivo flavor release from intact and fresh-cut apple in relation with genetic, textural, and physicochemical parameters. J Food Sci 2012; 77:C1226-33. [PMID: 23057586 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Flavor release from 6 commercial apple cultivars (Fuji, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, Jonagold, Morgen Dallago, and Red Delicious) under static conditions (intact or fresh-cut samples) and during consumption of fresh-cut samples (nosespace) was determined by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry. Textural (firmness, fracturability, flesh elasticity, and rupture) and physicochemical (pH, acidity, and water content) properties of the apples were also measured. Static headspace analysis of intact fruits revealed Fuji and Granny Smith apples had the lowest concentration for all measured flavor compounds (esters, aldehydes, alcohols, and terpenes), whereas Red Delicious apples had the highest. Fresh-cut samples generally showed a significant increase in total volatile compounds with acetaldehyde being most abundant. However, compared to intact fruits, cut Golden and Red Delicious apples had a lower intensity for ester related peaks. Five parameters were extracted from the nosespace data of peaks related to esters (m/z 43, 61), acetaldehyde (m/z 45), and ethanol (m/z 47): 2 associated with mastication (duration of mastication-t(con); time required for first swallowing event-t(swal)), and 3 related with in-nose volatile compound concentration (area under the curve-AUC; maximum intensity-I(max); time for achieving I(max)-t(max)). Three different behaviors were identified in the nosespace data: a) firm samples with low AUC and t(swal) values (Granny Smith, Fuji), b) mealy samples with high AUC, I(max), t(swal) values, and low t(con) (Morgen Dallago, Golden Delicious), and c) firm samples with high AUC and I(max) values (Red Delicious). Strengths and limitations of the methodology are discussed. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Volatile compounds play a fundamental role in the perceived quality of food. Using apple cultivars, this research showed that in vivo proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) could be used to determine the relationship between the release of volatile flavor compounds and the physicochemical parameters of a real food matrix. This finding suggests that in vivo PTR-MS coupled with traditional physicochemical measurements could be used to yield information on flavor release from a wide range of food matrices and help in the development of strategies to enhance food flavor and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina J L Ting
- Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, via Mach 1, San Michele all' Adige, (TN), Italy
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Frank DC, Eyres GT, Piyasiri U, Delahunty CM. Effect of food matrix structure and composition on aroma release during oral processing usingin vivomonitoring. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damian C. Frank
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences; 11 Julius Ave; North Ryde; New South Wales; 2113; Australia
| | - Graham T. Eyres
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences; 11 Julius Ave; North Ryde; New South Wales; 2113; Australia
| | - Udayasika Piyasiri
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences; 11 Julius Ave; North Ryde; New South Wales; 2113; Australia
| | - Conor M. Delahunty
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences; 11 Julius Ave; North Ryde; New South Wales; 2113; Australia
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Barron D, Pineau N, Matthey-Doret W, Ali S, Sudre J, Germain JC, Kolodziejczyk E, Pollien P, Labbe D, Jarisch C, Dugas V, Hartmann C, Folmer B. Impact of crema on the aroma release and the in-mouth sensory perception of espresso coffee. Food Funct 2012; 3:923-30. [PMID: 22706310 DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30046j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A set of six espresso coffees with different foam characteristics and similar above cup and in-mouth flavour sensory profiles was produced by combination of two varying parameters, the extraction pressure and the filtration of the coffee beverage. The coffees were subsequently evaluated in a comparative manner by a set of analytical (headspace, nose-space) and sensory (Temporal Dominance of Sensations) techniques. The presence of espresso crema in its standard quantity was demonstrated to be associated with the optimum release of pleasant high volatiles, both in the above cup headspace and in-mouth. On the other hand, the TDS study demonstrated that increasing amount of crema was associated with increasing roasted dominance along coffee consumption. Furthermore, a parallel was established between the roasted sensory dominance and the dominant release of 2-methylfuran in the nose-space. This was, however, an indirect link as 2-methylfuran was indeed a chemical marker of roasting but does not contribute to the roasted aroma. Lowering the standard amount of crema by filtration clearly decreased the release of pleasant high volatiles and the in-mouth roasted sensory dominance. On the other hand, increasing the usual crema volume by increasing the extraction pressure did not bring any added value concerning the above cup and in-mouth release of pleasant high volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barron
- Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Leclercq S, Blancher G. Multimodal sensory integration during sequential eating--linking chewing activity, aroma release, and aroma perception over time. Chem Senses 2012; 37:689-700. [PMID: 22459163 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjs047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The respective effects of chewing activity, aroma release from a gelled candy, and aroma perception were investigated. Specifically, the study aimed at 1) comparing an imposed chewing and swallowing pattern (IP) and free protocol (FP) on panelists for in vivo measurements, 2) investigating carryover effects in sequential eating, and 3) studying the link between instrumental data and their perception counterpart. Chewing activity, in-nose aroma concentration, and aroma perception over time were measured by electromyography, proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry, and time intensity, respectively. Model gel candies were flavored at 2 intensity levels (low-L and high-H). The panelists evaluated 3 sequences (H then H, H then L, and L then H) in duplicates with both IP and FP. They scored aroma intensity over time while their in-nose aroma concentrations and their chewing activity were measured. Overall, only limited advantages were found in imposing a chewing and swallowing pattern for instrumental and sensory data. In addition, the study highlighted the role of brain integration on perceived intensity and dynamics of perception, in the framework of sequential eating without rinsing. Because of the presence of adaptation phenomena, contrast effect, and potential taste and texture cross-modal interaction with aroma perception, it was concluded that dynamic in-nose concentration data provide only one part of the perception picture and therefore cannot be used alone in prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ségolène Leclercq
- Givaudan Flavors Corporation, 1199 Edison Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45216, USA.
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Déléris I, Saint-Eve A, Guo Y, Lieben P, Cypriani ML, Jacquet N, Brunerie P, Souchon I. Impact of swallowing on the dynamics of aroma release and perception during the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Chem Senses 2011; 36:701-13. [PMID: 21622600 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjr038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption protocol used during alcoholic beverage tasting may affect aroma perception. We used an integrated approach combining sensory analysis and physicochemistry to investigate the impact of swallowing on aroma release and perception. A panel of 10 persons evaluated the dynamics of aroma perception during the consumption of a commercial flavored vodka, using the method of temporal dominance of sensations. Two protocols (spitting out or swallowing of the product) were tested. Nosespace analysis was simultaneously carried out by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry to evaluate aroma release in the nasal cavity. Comparison of the results obtained with the 2 protocols highlighted significant differences in both the perception and the release of aroma: the swallowing of the product resulted in more complex perceptions but decreased the dominance rates of aromatic attributes. Ethanol perception also had an impact when the product was swallowed. Aroma release data partly accounted for the differences in perception, particularly as concerned ethanol release. The time at which dominance appears as well as the dominance duration of some attributes can be related to some temporal parameters of release data. But the lack of knowledge concerning the variety and complexity of mechanisms continues to limit our understanding of relationship between aroma release and perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Déléris
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,Thiverval-Grignon,France.
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Saint-Eve A, Déléris I, Panouillé M, Dakowski F, Cordelle S, Schlich P, Souchon I. How Texture Influences Aroma and Taste Perception Over Time in Candies. CHEMOSENS PERCEPT 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12078-011-9086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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