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Haider A, Iqbal SZ, Bhatti IA, Alim MB, Waseem M, Iqbal M, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Food authentication, current issues, analytical techniques, and future challenges: A comprehensive review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13360. [PMID: 38741454 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Food authentication and contamination are significant concerns, especially for consumers with unique nutritional, cultural, lifestyle, and religious needs. Food authenticity involves identifying food contamination for many purposes, such as adherence to religious beliefs, safeguarding health, and consuming sanitary and organic food products. This review article examines the issues related to food authentication and food fraud in recent periods. Furthermore, the development and innovations in analytical techniques employed to authenticate various food products are comprehensively focused. Food products derived from animals are susceptible to deceptive practices, which can undermine customer confidence and pose potential health hazards due to the transmission of diseases from animals to humans. Therefore, it is necessary to employ suitable and robust analytical techniques for complex and high-risk animal-derived goods, in which molecular biomarker-based (genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) techniques are covered. Various analytical methods have been employed to ascertain the geographical provenance of food items that exhibit rapid response times, low cost, nondestructiveness, and condensability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Haider
- Food Safety and Toxicology Lab, Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Zafar Iqbal
- Food Safety and Toxicology Lab, Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Waseem
- Food Safety and Toxicology Lab, Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhu F, Zhang H, Wu R, Lu Y, Wang J, A R, G TS, Zhu N, Zhang Z, Tang J. A dual-signal aptasensor based on cascade amplification for ultrasensitive detection of aflatoxin B1. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 250:116057. [PMID: 38286091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is considered as a serious carcinogenic mycotoxin that was widely detected in grains and foods, and its sensitive analysis is of key importance to avoid the health threats for consumers. In this study, a dual-signal aptasensor based on cascade of entropy-driven strand displacement reaction (ESDR) and linear rolling circle amplification (LRCA) was fabricated for ultrasensitive determination of AFB1. At the sensing system, the complementary strand would be released after the aptamer combined with AFB1, which will bring about the functional domains exposed, triggering the subsequent ESDR. Meanwhile, the two strands that were outputted by ESDR would incur the downstream LRCA reaction to produce a pair of long strands to assist in the generation of fluorescence and absorbance signals. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed aptasensor could achieve excellent sensitivity (limit of detection, 0.427 pg/mL) with satisfactory accuracy (recoveries, 92.8-107.9 %; RSD, 2.4-5.0 %), mainly ascribed to the cascade amplification. Importantly, owing to the flexibility design of nucleic acid primer, this analytical method can be applied in monitoring various hazardous substances according to the specific requirements. Our strategy provides some novel insights at signal amplification for rapid detection of AFB1 and other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ruoxi Wu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yanyan Lu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ravikumar A
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Tamil Selvan G
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Nuanfei Zhu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Jun Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
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Topi D, Babič J, Jakovac-Strajn B, Tavčar-Kalcher G. Incidence of Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A in Wheat and Corn from Albania. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:567. [PMID: 37755993 PMCID: PMC10537406 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) were analyzed in grains, specifically wheat and corn, from Albania. To summarize, 71 wheat and 45 corn samples from different growing areas were collected. The multi-toxin analytical procedure involved sample extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The incidence of AF was 18% in the analyzed wheat and 71% in the corn samples. The concentration of AFs was much higher in the corn samples than in the wheat samples. The maximum permitted levels for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and total AFs were not exceeded in the wheat samples, while they were exceeded in 36% of the corn samples. In the wheat samples, the AFB1 concentration varied between 0.2 and 0.4 µg kg-1. However, the highest concentrations in the corn samples were 2057, 2944, and 3550 µg kg-1. OTA was present in only three corn samples and one wheat sample. However, all contaminated samples exceeded the maximum permitted levels. This report reveals the presence of AFs and OTA in grain commodities, specifically wheat and corn, grown in Albania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dritan Topi
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Food Safety, Feed and Environment, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.B.); (B.J.-S.); (G.T.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Boulevard Zogu 1, 25/1, 1000 Tirana, Albania
| | - Janja Babič
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Food Safety, Feed and Environment, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.B.); (B.J.-S.); (G.T.-K.)
| | - Breda Jakovac-Strajn
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Food Safety, Feed and Environment, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.B.); (B.J.-S.); (G.T.-K.)
| | - Gabrijela Tavčar-Kalcher
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Food Safety, Feed and Environment, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.B.); (B.J.-S.); (G.T.-K.)
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Martiník J, Boško R, Svoboda Z, Běláková S, Benešová K, Pernica M. Determination of mycotoxins and their dietary exposure assessment in pale lager beers using immunoaffinity columns and UPLC-MS/MS. Mycotoxin Res 2023:10.1007/s12550-023-00492-4. [PMID: 37332076 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The use of contaminated raw materials can lead to the transfer of mycotoxins into the final product, including beer. This study describes the use of the commercially available immunoaffinity column 11+Myco MS-PREP® and UPLC-MS/MS for the determination of mycotoxins in pale lager-type beers brewed in Czech Republic and other European countries. The additional aim of the work was to develop, optimize and validate this analytical method. Validation parameters such as linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision and accuracy were tested. The calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.99) for all mycotoxins under investigation. The LOD ranged from 0.1 to 50 ng/L and LOQ from 0.4 to 167 ng/L. Recoveries of the selected analytes ranged from 72.2 to 101.1%, and the relative standard deviation under conditions repeatability (RSDr) did not exceed 16.3% for any mycotoxin. The validated procedure was successfully applied for the analysis of mycotoxins in a total of 89 beers from the retail network. The results were also processed using advanced chemometric techniques and compared with similar published studies. The toxicological impact was taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martiník
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rastislav Boško
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Svoboda
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sylvie Běláková
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karolína Benešová
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Pernica
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting. Mostecká 7, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Comprehensive review of liquid chromatography methods for fumonisin determination, a 2006-2022 update. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Gab-Allah MA, Choi K, Kim B. Type B Trichothecenes in Cereal Grains and Their Products: Recent Advances on Occurrence, Toxicology, Analysis and Post-Harvest Decontamination Strategies. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:85. [PMID: 36828399 PMCID: PMC9963506 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol) and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3G) are secondary toxic metabolites produced mainly by mycotoxigenic Fusarium fungi and have been recognized as natural contaminants in cereals and cereal-based foods. The latest studies have proven the various negative effects of type B trichothecenes on human health. Due to the widespread occurrence of Fusarium species, contamination by these mycotoxins has become an important aspect for public health and agro-food systems worldwide. Hence, their monitoring and surveillance in various foods have received a significant deal of attention in recent years. In this review, an up-to-date overview of the occurrence profile of major type B trichothecenes and DON-3G in cereal grains and their toxicological implications are outlined. Furthermore, current trends in analytical methodologies for their determination are overviewed. This review also covers the factors affecting the production of these mycotoxins, as well as the management strategies currently employed to mitigate their contamination in foods. Information presented in this review provides good insight into the progress that has been achieved in the last years for monitoring type B trichothecenes and DON-3G, and also would help the researchers in their further investigations on metabolic pathway analysis and toxicological studies of these Fusarium mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Gab-Allah
- Organic Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Reference Materials Lab, National Institute of Standards, P.O. Box 136, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Kihwan Choi
- Organic Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjoo Kim
- Organic Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Zhou H, Xu A, Liu M, Yan Z, Qin L, Liu H, Wu A, Liu N. Mycotoxins in Wheat Flours Marketed in Shanghai, China: Occurrence and Dietary Risk Assessment. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:748. [PMID: 36355998 PMCID: PMC9698038 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of exposure to mycotoxins through the consumption of wheat flours has long been a concern. A total of 299 wheat flours marketed in Shanghai Province of China were surveyed and analyzed for the co-occurrence of 13 mycotoxins through an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. The detection rates of mycotoxins in wheat flours ranged from 0.7~74.9% and their average contamination levels in wheat flours (0.2~57.6 µg kg-1) were almost lower than the existing regulations in cereals. However, their co-contamination rate was as high as 98.1%, especially Fusarium and Alternaria mycotoxins. Comparative analysis of different types of wheat flours showed that the average contamination levels in refined wheat flours with low-gluten were lower. Based on these contamination data and the existing consumption data of Shanghai residents, point evaluation and the Monte Carlo assessment model were used to preliminarily evaluate the potential dietary exposure risk. The probable daily intakes of almost all mycotoxins, except for alternariol, were under the health-based guidance values for 90% of different consumer groups. Health risks of dietary exposure to alternariol should be a concern and further studied in conjunction with an internal exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhou
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Anqi Xu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Meichen Liu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Luxin Qin
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Aibo Wu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Na Liu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
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Luo D, Guan J, Dong H, Chen J, Liang M, Zhou C, Xian Y, Xu X. Simultaneous determination of twelve mycotoxins in edible oil, soy sauce and bean sauce by PRiME HLB solid phase extraction combined with HPLC-Orbitrap HRMS. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1001671. [PMID: 36245528 PMCID: PMC9555343 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1001671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A solid phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-Orbitrap HRMS) method was established for the determination of 12 mycotoxins (ochratoxin A, ochratoxin B, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, HT-2 toxin, sterigmatocystin, diacetoxysciroenol, penicillic acid, mycophenolic acid, and citreoviridin) in edible oil, soy sauce, and bean sauce. Samples were extracted by 80:20 (v:v) acetonitrile-water solution, purified by PRiME HLB column, separated by aQ C18 column with mobile phase consisting of 0.5 mmol/L ammonium acetate-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and methanol. The results showed that the limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) of 12 mycotoxins were 0.12–1.2 μg/L and 0.40–4.0 μg/L, respectively. The determination coefficients of 12 mycotoxins in the range of 0.20–100 μg/L were > 0.998. The average recoveries in soy sauce and bean sauce were 78.4–106.8%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 1.2–9.7% under three levels, including LOQ, 2× LOQ and 10 × LOQ. The average recoveries in edible oil were 78.3–115.6%, and the precision RSD (n = 6) was 0.9–8.6%. A total of 24 edible oils, soy sauce and bean sauce samples were analyzed by this method. AFB1, AFB2, sterigmatocystin and mycophenolic acid were detected in several samples at concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 22.1 μg/kg. The method is simple, sensitive, and rapid and can be used for screening and quantitative analysis of mycotoxin contamination in edible oil, soy sauce, and bean sauce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang, China
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Hanjiang Laboratory), Chaozhou, China
| | - Jingjing Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Dong
| | - Jin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang, China
| | - Ming Liang
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang, China
| | - Yanping Xian
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang, China
- Xiaofei Xu
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Ji X, Xiao Y, Wang W, Lyu W, Wang X, Li Y, Deng T, Yang H. Mycotoxins in cereal-based infant foods marketed in China: Occurrence and risk assessment. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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10
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Sameiyan E, Lavaee P, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M, Khoshbin Z, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM. A novel electrochemical method for the sensitive determination of aflatoxin B1 using a bivalent binding aptamer‐cDNA structure. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sameiyan
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences IRAN (THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
| | | | | | - Mona Alibolandi
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences IRAN (THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
| | - Zahra Khoshbin
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences IRAN (THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
| | - Khalil Abnous
- mashhad university of medical science IRAN (THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
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Nasaruddin N, Jinap S, Samsudin NIP, Kamarulzaman NH, Sanny M. Assessment of multi-mycotoxin contamination throughout the supply chain of maize-based poultry feed from selected regions of Malaysia by LC-MS/MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:777-787. [PMID: 35302923 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2036821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence of multi-mycotoxin contamination throughout the supply chain of maize-based poultry feed. Different sampling points throughout the feed supply chain were selected from two companies that manufactured the poultry feed. A total of 51 samples, consisting of grain maize and maize-based poultry feeds, were collected. The samples were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine the occurrence of multi-mycotoxin. The results revealed that 100% of samples throughout the maize-based poultry feed supply chain were spoiled with more than one mycotoxin. Fumonisin B1 (8.02-1,220 µg/kg) and fumonisin B2 (11.1-1,109 µg/kg) were the main mycotoxins detected at all sampling points throughout the feed supply chain. Zearalenone (ZEA) (6.63-7.50 µg/kg) was also detected in 11.7% (n = 6) (out of a total of 51) samples. As the supply chain progresses, a reduction in mycotoxin contamination was observed. Aflatoxins, ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2, and T-2 toxin were not detected. The levels of mycotoxins detected throughout the supply chain were below the international regulatory limits, thus indicating the low risk of exposure to mycotoxins in maize-based poultry feed in Malaysia. Nevertheless, due to the presence of multiple ingredients in most food and feed, efforts to understand and address challenges associated with mycotoxins throughout the entire supply chain need to be more holistic to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norafidah Nasaruddin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Selamat Jinap
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman
- Laboratory of Halal Policy and Management, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Department of Agribusiness and Bioresource Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Maimunah Sanny
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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12
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Mycotoxins in food, recent development in food analysis and future challenges; a review. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nochetto CB, Hui L. A Dilute-and-Shoot UHPLC-MS/MS Isotope Dilution Method for Simultaneous Determination and Confirmation of Eleven Mycotoxins in Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:95-106. [PMID: 34459902 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural contamination of mycotoxins in dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) as a mainstream animal feed ingredient poses risk to animal health. OBJECTIVE A regulatory method was needed for the agency to simultaneously detect eleven mycotoxins of high regulatory priority in DDGS. METHODS Ten grams of DDGS sample were extracted twice with acetonitrile/water under mildly acidic condition. Two aliquots from the combined crude extract were taken and processed separately: (1) diluted 400-fold with solvent for analysis of deoxynivalenol and fumonisins B1 and B2; (2) pH adjusted to 7.5, then diluted 15.7-fold for analysis of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and T-2 and HT-2 toxins. Uniformly-labelled 13C-isotopologues of these mycotoxins were added as internal standards to the diluted extracts for quantitative analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results. The linear quantitation ranges (µg/kg) were: aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2, 1.57 to 105; zearalenone, 16.3 to 1090; T-2 toxin, 3.14 to 208; HT-2 toxin, 48.2 to 3220; ochratoxin A, 0.47 to 31.4; deoxynivalenol, 240 to 16000; fumonisin B1 and B2, 320 to 21200. Accuracies for these analytes at each of three fortification levels range from 70.7% to 100%, with corresponding relative standard deviations between 1.4% to 10.5%. True recoveries were all higher than 83%. CONCLUSIONS This method was successfully validated to meet the agency's performance guidelines for regulatory methods. HIGHLIGHTS This method is easy, quick and robust to simultaneously quantify and confirm presence of eleven regulated mycotoxins in DDGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina B Nochetto
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Rd, Laurel, Maryland 20708
| | - Li Hui
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Rd, Laurel, Maryland 20708
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Tarazona A, Gómez JV, Mateo F, Jiménez M, Mateo EM. Potential Health Risk Associated with Mycotoxins in Oat Grains Consumed in Spain. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:421. [PMID: 34199242 PMCID: PMC8232004 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spain is a relevant producer of oats (Avena sativa), but to date there has been no study on the occurrence/co-occurrence of mycotoxins in oats marketed in Spain. The present study is addressed to overcome this lack of knowledge. One hundred oat kernel samples were acquired across different Spanish geographic regions during the years 2015-2019 and analyzed for mycotoxin content using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method and matrix-matched calibration. The focus was on the regulated mycotoxins although other relevant mycotoxins were considered. The percentage of incidence (levels ≥ limit of detection), mean and range (ng/g) of mycotoxins were as follows: zearalenone (66%, mean 39.1, range 28.1-153), HT-2 toxin (47%, mean 37.1, range 4.98-439), deoxynivalenol, (34%, mean 81.4, range 19.1-736), fumonisin B1 (29%, mean 157.5, range 63.2-217.4), and T-2 toxin, (24%, mean 49.9, range 12.3-321). Fumonisin B2, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, aflatoxins B1, B2, and G2, and ochratoxin A were also detected at low levels, but aflatoxin G1 was not. The maximum limits established by the European Commission for unprocessed oats were not exceeded, except for zearalenone (in one sample), and the sum of aflatoxins (in two samples). Mycotoxin co-occurrence at quantifiable levels in the same sample (two to five combinations) was found in 31% of samples. The most common mixtures were those of HT-2 + T-2 toxins alone or together with deoxynivalenol and/or zearalenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tarazona
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain; (A.T.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.)
| | - José Vicente Gómez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain; (A.T.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.)
| | - Fernando Mateo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, ETSE, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain;
| | - Misericordia Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain; (A.T.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.)
| | - Eva María Mateo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, 46010 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
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Charlermroj R, Phuengwas S, Makornwattana M, Sooksimuang T, Sahasithiwat S, Panchan W, Sukbangnop W, Elliott CT, Karoonuthaisiri N. Development of a microarray lateral flow strip test using a luminescent organic compound for multiplex detection of five mycotoxins. Talanta 2021; 233:122540. [PMID: 34215043 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
While lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a simple technique that offers a rapid, robust, user friendly, and point-of-care test, its capacity for multiplex detection is rather limited. This study therefore combined the multiplexity of microarray technique and the simple and rapid characteristics of LFIA to enable simultaneous and quantitative detection of five mycotoxins, namely aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FUMB1), T-2 toxin (T-2), and zearalenone (ZON). In addition, we have synthesized a novel extra-large Stokes shift and strong fluorescence organic compound to be used as a reporter molecule which can be detected under UV light without light filter requirement. Many parameters including microarray spotting buffer, blocking buffer, and concentrations of mycotoxin antibodies were optimized for the microarray LFIA (μLFIA) construction. With the optimal conditions, the μLFIA could accurately and quantitatively detect multiple mycotoxins at the same time. The limits of detection of AFB1, DON, FUMB1, T-2, and ZON were 1.3, 0.5, 0.4, 0.4, and 0.9 ppb, respectively. The recoveries of these five mycotoxins were 70.7%-119.5% and 80.4%-124.8% for intra-assay and inter-assay, respectively. Combining the advantages of the novel reporter molecule and the multiplex capability of μLFIA test, this system could simultaneously detect multiple mycotoxins in one sample with high specificity and high sensitivity. Moreover, this system presents a promising affordable point-of-care platform to detect other analytes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratthaphol Charlermroj
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sudtida Phuengwas
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Manlika Makornwattana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Thanasat Sooksimuang
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Somboon Sahasithiwat
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Panchan
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wannee Sukbangnop
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Christopher T Elliott
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Biological Sciences Building, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Queen's University, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
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16
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Mycotoxins Analysis in Cereals and Related Foodstuffs by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Techniques. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8888117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the entire world, cereals and related foodstuffs are used as an important source of energy, minerals, and vitamins. Nevertheless, their contamination with mycotoxins kept special attention due to harmful effects on human health. The present paper was conducted to evaluate published studies regarding the identification and characterization of mycotoxins in cereals and related foodstuffs by liquid chromatography coupled to (tandem) mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques. For sample preparation, published studies based on the development of extraction and clean-up strategies including solid-phase extraction, solid-liquid extraction, and immunoaffinity columns, as well as on methods based on minimum clean-up (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS)) technology, are examined. LC-MS/MS has become the golden method for the simultaneous multimycotoxin analysis, with different sample preparation approaches, due to the range of different physicochemical properties of these toxic products. Therefore, this new strategy can be an alternative for fast, simple, and accurate determination of multiclass mycotoxins in complex cereal samples.
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Kumar P, Mahato DK, Sharma B, Borah R, Haque S, Mahmud MC, Shah AK, Rawal D, Bora H, Bui S. Ochratoxins in food and feed: Occurrence and its impact on human health and management strategies. Toxicon 2020; 187:151-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Yan C, Yang L, Yao L, Xu J, Yao B, Liu G, Cheng L, Chen W. Ingenious Electrochemiluminescence Bioaptasensor Based on Synergistic Effects and Enzyme-Driven Programmable 3D DNA Nanoflowers for Ultrasensitive Detection of Aflatoxin B1. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14122-14129. [PMID: 32954718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most toxic mycotoxins, has undergone a wide range of studies over the years. The development of rapid, simple, and sensitive analytical methods remains a major challenge for the accurate detection of AFB1 in foodstuffs. In this study, we designed an enhanced and stable ingenious electrochemiluminescence bioaptasensor (IEC-BA) for ultrasensitive detection of AFB1 based on the synergistic effects and enzyme-driven programmable assembled 3D DNA nanoflowers (EPDNs). This synergistic effect was comprised by the competitive impact on auxiliary probes (AP) and the cutting effect of the Hae III. Compared to the traditional aptamer direct-competition method, the synergistic effects ensured that the aptamer was more efficiently and adequately competed away by the target. Also, the redundant double-stranded probes were removed, which greatly facilitates simple, quick, and sensitive detection of AFB1. Besides, a large chunk of positively charged Ru(II) complexes (Ru(bpy)32+) was accumulated by the utilization of EPDNs, which resulted in tremendous improvement of the sensitivity of the designed method. Thus, even in the presence of trace amounts of AFB1, a sharply visual electrochemiluminescent signal was generated. The proposed method can realize the quantification of AFB1 with a good linear range from 1 ppt (pg mL-1) to 5 ppb (ng mL-1) with a detection limit of 0.27 ppt. In addition, it can also be successfully applied for the analysis of AFB1 in a peanut and wheat, with total recoveries ranging from 93.7 to 106.6%. Furthermore, the IEC-BA also exhibited good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, revealing prospective applications of food safety monitoring and environmental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Li Yao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Bangben Yao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Research Center for Biomedical and Health Science, School of Life and Health, Anhui Science & Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Fujian Institute for Food and Drug Quality Control, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Di Marco Pisciottano I, Imperato C, Urbani V, Guadagnuolo G, Imbimbo S, De Crescenzo M, Soprano V, Esposito M, Gallo P. T-2 and HT-2 toxins in feed and food from Southern Italy, determined by LC-MS/MS after immunoaffinity clean-up. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2020; 13:275-283. [PMID: 32466723 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2020.1771776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A method to determine T-2 and HT-2 toxins, both in feed and food, is described. The method is based on sample clean-up by immunoaffinity columns, followed by triple quadrupole LC-MS/MS determination. It was in-house validated in compliance with the European Union legislation, in the concentration range 5.0-750 µg kg-1 and accredited according to the ISO/IEC 17025 standard, for the scope of official control of feed and food. The method was applied to monitor the contamination levels of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in 105 feed samples, both raw materials and compound feed and 17 cereals and derived products for human consumption, collected in Southern Italy between 2015 and 2019. T-2 toxin was quantified in 32 feed (30.5%) and in 2 food samples (11.8%). HT-2 toxin was quantified in 65 feed (61.9%) and in 3 food (17.6%) samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Imperato
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
| | - Valeria Urbani
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
| | - Grazia Guadagnuolo
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
| | - Samantha Imbimbo
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
| | - Michele De Crescenzo
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
| | - Vittorio Soprano
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
| | - Mauro Esposito
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
| | - Pasquale Gallo
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Portici, Italy
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20
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De Colli L, Elliott C, Finnan J, Grant J, Arendt EK, McCormick SP, Danaher M. Determination of 42 mycotoxins in oats using a mechanically assisted QuEChERS sample preparation and UHPLC-MS/MS detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1150:122187. [PMID: 32473516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 42 mycotoxins in oats. The method includes all the mycotoxins listed under Commission Regulation 1881/2006 and Commission Recommendation 165/2013, the emerging mycotoxins (beauvericin, alternariol, alternariol-methyl-ether and enniatins), and two masked metabolites, namely deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside and T-2-glucoside. The method also focuses on a wide range of analytes of toxicological interest. The sample preparation involved extraction with an aqueous acetic acid solution and acetonitrile, followed by QuEChERS with mechanically assisted vibrational shaking. No further clean-up steps were employed, and analysis was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Trueness ranged between 78% and 158%, while precision ranged from 1.7% to 49.9% under within-laboratory reproducibility conditions. Beside the high degree of accuracy and sample throughput provided, the method can be applied to a large number of compounds currently not regulated, thus generating knowledge and for risk assessment purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo De Colli
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
| | - Christopher Elliott
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - John Finnan
- Teagasc Crops Research Division, Oak Park, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Jim Grant
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - Elke K Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, National University of Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Co., Cork, Ireland
| | - Susan P McCormick
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Centre for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, United States
| | - Martin Danaher
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
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21
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Han X, Chen L, Li W, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zou S, Liang Y, Yu J, Dong H. Endocytic FgEde1 regulates virulence and autophagy in Fusarium graminearum. Fungal Genet Biol 2020; 141:103400. [PMID: 32387406 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2020.103400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis plays critical roles in cellular processes, including nutrient uptake and signal transduction. Ede1 is an endocytic scaffolding protein that contributes to endocytic site initiation and maturation in yeast. However, the functions of Ede1 in phytopathogenic fungi are not known. Here, we identified functions of FgEde1 (FGSG_05182) in Fusarium graminearum. Deletion of FgEde1 resulted in defects in hyphal growth, conidiation and ascospore development. The FgEde1 deletion mutant showed reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) production and virulence in wheat. Furthermore, the FgEde1 deletion mutant also exhibited increased resistance to osmotic and oxidative stress as well as cell-wall perturbing agents. Importantly, deletion of FgEde1 increased the severity of autophagy in hyphae. Taken together, these results reveal that FgEde1 is involved in hyphal growth, asexual and sexual reproduction, virulence, stress responses, and autophagy in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Han
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Shenshen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yuancun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jinfeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Hansong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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22
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El Alami El Hassani N, Bouchikhi B, El Bari N. Recent development of an electrochemical imprinted sensor for the detection of trace-level of unmetabolized aflatoxin B2 in dairy milk. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Luo L, Liu X, Ma S, Li L, You T. Quantification of zearalenone in mildewing cereal crops using an innovative photoelectrochemical aptamer sensing strategy based on ZnO-NGQDs composites. Food Chem 2020; 322:126778. [PMID: 32305007 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is highly toxic to humans, and therefore, development of sensitive and effective methods for ZEN quantification in cereal crops is particularly important. Here, an innovative photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor based on simply in-situ conjugated composites of zinc oxide-nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (ZnO-NGQDs) was constructed. On addition of NGQDs, the composites displayed higher PEC signal with 8.8-fold enhancement than pure ZnO nanoparticles. A sensitive and selective PEC aptasensor was fabricated by combining the composites with ZEN aptamer, which yielded an excellent analytical performance for ZEN detection, with a wide linear range of 1.0 × 10-13-1.0 × 10-7 g mL-1 and a low detection limit of 3.3 × 10-14 g mL-1. Good recoveries were obtained using the PEC aptasensor, which were consistent with those obtained using the national standard method (HPLC-MS). Finally, ZEN in mildewing cereal crops was monitored with the PEC aptasensor, exhibiting good potential for application in cereal crops for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, High-tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment & Intelligentization of Jiangsu Province, School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, High-tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment & Intelligentization of Jiangsu Province, School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, High-tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment & Intelligentization of Jiangsu Province, School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Risk Assessment Laboratory for Agro-Products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, No. 9 Middle Road of Shu Guang Hua Yuan, Haidian Dist., Beijing 100097, China
| | - Libo Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, High-tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment & Intelligentization of Jiangsu Province, School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Tianyan You
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, High-tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment & Intelligentization of Jiangsu Province, School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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24
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Wan J, Chen B, Rao J. Occurrence and preventive strategies to control mycotoxins in cereal-based food. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:928-953. [PMID: 33331688 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins contamination in cereal-based food is ubiquitous according to systematic review of the scientific documentation of worldwide mycotoxin contamination in cereal and their products between 2008 and 2018, thus representing food safety issue especially in developing tropical countries. Food processing plays a vital role to prevent mycotoxin contamination in food. Therefore, it is with great urgency to develop strategies to inhibit fungi growth and mycotoxin production during food processing. This review begins by discussing physicochemical properties of five most common mycotoxins (aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone) found in cereal grains, regulation for mycotoxins in food, and their potential negative impact on human health. The fate of mycotoxins during major cereal-based food processing including milling, breadmaking, extrusion, malting, and brewing was then summarized. In the end, traditional mitigation strategies including physical and chemical and potential application of biocontrol agent and essential oil nanoemulsions that can be applied during food processing were discussed. It indicated that no single method is currently available to completely prevent mycotoxin contamination in cereal foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wan
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND.,School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bingcan Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Jiajia Rao
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
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25
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Abbasi Pirouz A, Selamat J, Zafar Iqbal S, Iskandar Putra Samsudin N. Efficient and Simultaneous Chitosan-Mediated Removal of 11 Mycotoxins from Palm Kernel Cake. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12020115. [PMID: 32059551 PMCID: PMC7076780 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are an important class of pollutants that are toxic and hazardous to animal and human health. Consequently, various methods have been explored to abate their effects, among which adsorbent has found prominent application. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has recently been applied for the concurrent evaluation of multiple mycotoxins. This study investigated the optimization of the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins in palm kernel cake (PKC) using chitosan. The removal of 11 mycotoxins such as aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) and trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2 and T-2 toxin) from palm kernel cake (PKC) was studied. The effects of operating parameters such as pH (3–6), temperature (30–50 °C) and time (4–8 h) on the removal of the mycotoxins were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Response surface models obtained with R2 values ranging from 0.89–0.98 fitted well with the experimental data, except for the trichothecenes. The optimum point was obtained at pH 4, 8 h and 35 °C. The maximum removal achieved with chitosan for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, OTA, ZEA, FB1 and FB2 under the optimized conditions were 94.35, 45.90, 82.11, 84.29, 90.03, 51.30, 90.53 and 90.18%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Abbasi Pirouz
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.P.); (N.I.P.S.)
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Science, University of Malaya, 50603 UM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.P.); (N.I.P.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9769-1043
| | - Shahzad Zafar Iqbal
- Department Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.P.); (N.I.P.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Li L, Chen W, Li H, Iqbal J, Zhu Y, Wu T, Du Y. Rapid determination of fumonisin (FB 1) by syringe SPE coupled with solid-phase fluorescence spectrometry. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 226:117549. [PMID: 31629279 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 is the most prevalent member of a family of toxins, known as fumonisins, which occurs mainly in maize, wheat and other cereals. Due to its hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic in all animal species, very strict regulations have been imposed on the levels of fumonisin B1 in cereal and cereal-based foods worldwide. In this work, a rapid determination method of fumonisin B1 by membrane solid phase extraction coupled with solid-phase fluorescence analysis is developed. A rhodamine based fluorescent probe was used for derivatization with fumonisin B1. After derivatization and extraction by nylon membrane, the enriched fumonisin B1 can be detected directly on the membrane without further elution process that is placed in a designed spectra collection device. The established method showed a linear relationship in concentration range of 0.5-5.0 μg/L, with the R2 = 0.991, and a limit of detection of 0.119 μg/L. Method accuracy was further confirmed using LC-MS method by comparing the detection results of 3 corn powder samples spiked with FB1, that demonstrated equivalent results. The results of this study indicated that the proposed method was simple, sensitive, reliable and suitable for trace fumonisins B1 quantitation in corn-based feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wanchao Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Science and Engineering, Dehong Teachers'College, Xianchi Road 14, Mangshi, 678400, China
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ying Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yiping Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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Yazid SNE, Jinap S, Ismail SI, Magan N, Samsudin NIP. Phytopathogenic organisms and mycotoxigenic fungi: Why do we control one and neglect the other? A biological control perspective in Malaysia. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:643-669. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Ezzati Yazid
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food IntegrityInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Selamat Jinap
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food IntegrityInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and TechnologyUniversiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Siti Izera Ismail
- Laboratory of Climate‐Smart Food Crop ProductionInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Department of Plant ProtectionFaculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Naresh Magan
- Applied Mycology GroupCranfield Soil and AgriFood InstituteCranfield University Cranfield UK
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food IntegrityInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and TechnologyUniversiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
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de Oliveira Garcia S, Sibaja KVM, Nogueira WV, Feltrin ACP, Pinheiro DFA, Cerqueira MBR, Badiale Furlong E, Garda-Buffon J. Peroxidase as a simultaneous degradation agent of ochratoxin A and zearalenone applied to model solution and beer. Food Res Int 2020; 131:109039. [PMID: 32247492 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the action of the commercial peroxidase (POD) enzyme (Armoracia rusticana) on the simultaneous degradation of ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEA) in model solution and beer. For this purpose, the reaction parameters for POD action were optimized, POD application in the degradation of mycotoxins in model solution and beer was evaluated and the kinetic parameters of POD were defined (Michaelis-Menten constant - KM and maximal velocity - Vmax). In the reaction conditions (pH 7, ionic strength of 25 mM, incubation at 30 °C, addition of 26 mM H2O2 and 1 mM potassium ion), POD (0.6 U mL-1) presented the maximum activity for simultaneous degradation of OTA and ZEA of 27.0 and 64.9%, respectively, in model solution after 360 min. The application of POD in beer resulted in the simultaneous degradation of OTA and ZEA of 4.8 and 10.9%, respectively. The kinetic parameters KM and Vmax for degradation of OTA and ZEA were 50 and 10,710 nM and 0.168 and 72 nM min-1, respectively. Therefore, POD can be a promising alternative to mitigate the contamination of OTA and ZEA in model solution and beer, minimizing their effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina de Oliveira Garcia
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Karen Vanessa Marimón Sibaja
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Wesclen Vilar Nogueira
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Penteado Feltrin
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Diean Fabiano Alvares Pinheiro
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Maristela Barnes Rodrigues Cerqueira
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale Furlong
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Jaqueline Garda-Buffon
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Food Science and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS CEP 96203-900, Brazil.
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Lu Q, Tan S, Gu W, Li F, Hua W, Zhang S, Chen F, Tang L. Phytochemical composition, isolation and hepatoprotective activity of active fraction from Veronica ciliata against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury via p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 243:112089. [PMID: 31310828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Veronica ciliata Fisch, a traditional Tibetan medicine, used to cure hepatitis and existed in lots of Tibetan medicine prescriptions owing to its hepatoprotective activity. AIMS OF THIS STUDY In this study, we are aimed to systematically analysis and isolate the chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate fraction from V. ciliata (EAFVC), and test the hepatoprotective effect and mechanism of EAFVC and its compounds on attenuating the liver injury induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in vivo and vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS method was established for the analysis of the components in EAFVC, which was further separated using multiple chromatographic techniques. The MS, 1H and 13C NMR were applied to elucidate their structures. UPLC-PDA method was applied for the simultaneous quantification of major compounds of EAFVC. Furthermore, the protective effect of the EAFVC was determined using APAP-induced acute hepatotoxicity in mice and BRL-3A cells model, respectively. In addition, the hepatoprotective activity of two main compounds in EAFVC on relieving APAP-induced liver injury was further evaluated. Finally, we have some concerns about the protective mechanism of EAFVC via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), western blot analysis and molecular docking. RESULTS Thirteen compounds were successfully identified using UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS for the first time. Meanwhile, other twelve compounds were separated from EAFVC. Eventually, twenty-five compounds were successfully identified from the EAFVC. Among these compounds, fourteen compounds (3, 8, 10, 14-17, 19-25) were separated from V.ciliata for the first time. In addition, UPLC-PDA analysis method was first to establish for simultaneous determination of the main compounds (1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12). Further assay indicated that the liver injury in mice induced by APAP showed a significant reversal by EAFVC, as evidenced by reducing the activities of liver function enzymes, suppressing the lipid peroxidation as well as increasing the serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Pathological sections showed that the liver in the high dose has significant improvement in mice. In vitro experiment also showed that EAFVC elevate the viability, inhibiting the activities of liver function enzymes as well as the generation of ROS of BRL-3A cells. In addition, Catalposide and verproside could reverse the low cell viability of BRL-3A cells induced by APAP. The mechanism research in vitro demonstrated that EAFVC could promote the mRNA and protein expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P) H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO-1) and catalytic or modify subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLC/GCLCM) via enhancing nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and p62/SQSTM1 (p62) expression in protein level. Molecular docking results demonstrated that catalposide and verproside have strong affinity to the kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1(Keap1) Kelch domain. CONCLUSION This research is the first to clarify the substance basis of the hepatoprotective activity of the EAFVC and provide the further scientific data for the traditional use of this Tibetan Medicine. EAFVC is valuable to be further investigated as active preparations for application in liver protection via activating p62- Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Shancai Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Tongren Polytechnic College, Guizhou, 554300, China
| | - Wanqin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Fosheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Wan Hua
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
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Lab-made solid phase microextraction phases for off line extraction and direct mass spectrometry analysis: Evaluating the extraction parameters. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1603:23-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Golubović J, Heath E, Heath D. Validation challenges in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods for the analysis of naturally occurring compounds in foodstuffs. Food Chem 2019; 294:46-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Ballesteros-Gómez A, Rubio S. Tunable solvency mixtures of tetrahydrofuran:water for efficient and fast extraction/clean-up of trace contaminants. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1602:135-141. [PMID: 31255246 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential of mixtures of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and water as tunable solvents for the microextraction of contaminants in solid and in liquid matrices. These two miscible solvents have very different dielectric constant and Hildebrand solubility parameters, so that tunable mixtures spanning a wide range of dispersion and hydrogen bonding forces could be easily prepared by simply changing their composition. In this way, rapid and more efficient extraction methods can be developed. A liquid-liquid and a solid-liquid microextraction method for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in urine and ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal baby food were developed as a proof of concept. Both, the chemical composition and the relative solvency of the THF-water mixtures, expressed as Teas solubility parameters, were studied in order to gain some insights into the chemical interactions governing analyte extraction. For urine, the salting-out extraction with THF:water and NaCl was evaluated, a process which is still scarcely investigated for analytical purposes. These methods featured good recoveries (above 95%), satisfactory standard deviation (5-6%) and good sensitivity (detection limits of 0.l μg L-1 for BPA and of 0.l ng g-1 for OTA) with the advantages of simplicity, rapidity and low consumption of reagents. Recoveries for other compounds and matrices (bisphenols ad phosphorus flame retardants in dust and in tap water, dyes in tap water and OTA in powder milk) were also assessed to prove the wide potential of these tunable solvent mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ballesteros-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Soledad Rubio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
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Freitas A, Barros S, Brites C, Barbosa J, Silva AS. Validation of a Biochip Chemiluminescent Immunoassay for Multi-Mycotoxins Screening in Maize (Zea mays L.). FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Silva AS, Brites C, Pouca AV, Barbosa J, Freitas A. UHPLC-ToF-MS method for determination of multi-mycotoxins in maize: Development and validation. Curr Res Food Sci 2019; 1:1-7. [PMID: 32914099 PMCID: PMC7473352 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography combined with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC–ToF-MS) method has been developed for determination of nine mycotoxins, namely aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), toxin T2 (T2) and fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) in maize. The method included a two-step extraction with acetonitrile 80% (v/v). After optimization, the analytical method was validated. The different concentrations tested take in account the Maximum Levels (ML) for maize (Commission Regulation EC no. 1881/2006) and good results for repeatability (%RSDr ≤ 15.4%), reproducibility (%RSDR ≤ 15.9%) and recovery (77.8–110.4%, except for AFG2 at 2 μg/kg which presented a recovery of 73.4%) were achieved. These met the performance criteria imposed by Commission Regulation (EC) no. 401/2006. The method was applied to twenty-two samples from Portuguese producers of maize. Fumonisins were the most frequently detected mycotoxins, but the levels do not exceed those imposed by European legislation. A UHPLC–ToF-MS method was developed for determination of nine mycotoxins in maize. Validation of the method was performed taking in account the EU maximum legal limits for maize. Good results for repeatability, reproducibility and recovery were achieved. The method was applied to 22 samples from Portuguese producers of maize. Fumonisins were the most frequently detected mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sanches Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal
- Corresponding author. National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal.
| | - Carla Brites
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal
- GREEN-IT, ITQB NOVA, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Vila Pouca
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Jorge Barbosa
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/ LAQV, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andreia Freitas
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/ LAQV, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Ouakhssase A, Chahid A, Choubbane H, Aitmazirt A, Addi EA. Optimization and validation of a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of aflatoxins in maize. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01565. [PMID: 31193078 PMCID: PMC6515151 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A LC-MS/MS method has been optimized and validated for the determination of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) in maize. Extraction was performed using a modified QuEChERS method with little sample preparation without the need for purification procedure. Determination was performed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The acquisition was performed using MassHunter software in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode in positive polarity. Different mobile phases were tested to control the degree of the ionization and good performances were obtained for methanol/water with 5 mM ammonium acetate. MRM experiments were optimized for each aflatoxin in order to generate sensitive transitions. Linearity was demonstrated for the aflatoxins in the range 0.225-1.25 μg/L. Limits of detection (LOD) (0.11 and 0.36 μg/Kg) and limits of quantification (LOQ) (0.36-1.19 μg/Kg) of the aflatoxins are below the maximum permitted levels set by the European Union (EU). Aflatoxins have acceptable recoveries using QuEChERS method in the acceptable range of 50-120% for levels below 1 μg/Kg. Satisfactory recoveries were also obtained in the acceptable range of 70-110% for levels between 1 and 10 μg/Kg except for AFB2. Relative standard deviation (RSD) of recoveries for the intra-day precision and inter-day precision were below 11 %. Selectivity of the method was tested and no spectral interferences were observed in the appropriate retention times. The main advantage of the proposed method is its ease of use and requires a smaller solvent consumption that reduces the time and cost of the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Ouakhssase
- Research group: Génie des procédés et Ingénierie Chimique, Ecole Supérieure de Technologie d'Agadir, B.P: 33/S, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Adil Chahid
- Laboratoire Régional d'Analyses et de Recherche Agadir/Office National de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits Alimentaires (LRARA/ONSSA), BP 474, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Hanane Choubbane
- Laboratoire Molécules: Structure et Interactions avec les Surfaces de Matériaux, Faculté polydisciplinaire de Safi, B.P. 4162, Université Cadi Ayyad, Safi, Morocco
| | - Abdelmajid Aitmazirt
- Laboratoire Régional d'Analyses et de Recherche Agadir/Office National de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits Alimentaires (LRARA/ONSSA), BP 474, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Elhabib Ait Addi
- Research group: Génie des procédés et Ingénierie Chimique, Ecole Supérieure de Technologie d'Agadir, B.P: 33/S, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
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Sun Z, Wang X, Tang Z, Chen Q, Liu X. Development of a biotin-streptavidin-amplified nanobody-based ELISA for ochratoxin A in cereal. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:382-388. [PMID: 30616155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A biotin-streptavidin-amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a biotinylated nanobody (BA-Nb ELISA) was developed to detect ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal. The limit of detection (LOD) of the BA-Nb ELISA, which equals to 10% maximal inhibitory concentration, was 0.011 ng/mL for OTA in buffer, and the sensitivity was approximately improved by one order of magnitude compared with the traditional Nb ELISA (LOD = 0.112 ng/mL). Under optimal conditions, the developed assay could be accomplished in 40 min with maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.138 ng/mL and the linear detection range of 0.034-0.460 ng/mL. The average recovery rate of the BA-Nb ELISA ranged from 92.8% to 114%, and the relative standard deviation was in the range of 2.04-9.85%. The developed BA-Nb ELISA was validated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the results indicated the reliability of BA-Nb ELISA for the detection of OTA in cereal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuerou Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zongwen Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
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Luo L, Ma S, Li L, Liu X, Zhang J, Li X, Liu D, You T. Monitoring zearalenone in corn flour utilizing novel self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence aptasensor based on NGQDs-NH 2-Ru@SiO 2 luminophore. Food Chem 2019; 292:98-105. [PMID: 31054698 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate and early diagnosis of mycotoxin is particularly significant to the food and agricultural product safety. In the present work, a sensitive and effective monitoring method for zearalenone (ZEN) was exploited based on a novel self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor. The self-enhanced lumonophore was compounded by electrostatically combining amine-functionalized Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (NH2-Ru@SiO2 NPs) and nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) together. Since the emitter and co-reactant simultaneously existed in the same nanoparticle, shortened electron-transfer distance and decreased energy loss was obtained. Therefore, self-enhanced ECL aptasensor based on the novel complex expressed the widest linear range of 10 fg mL-1-10 ng mL-1 and the lowest detection limit of 1 fg mL-1 for ZEN detection. More importantly, ZEN produced during the mildew process of corn flour was monitored by the developed aptasensor, which exhibited superior determination and potential application in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Luo
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Libo Li
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Tianyan You
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Fan X, He F, Ding M, Geng C, Chen L, Zou S, Liang Y, Yu J, Dong H. Thioredoxin Reductase Is Involved in Development and Pathogenicity in Fusarium graminearum. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:393. [PMID: 30899249 PMCID: PMC6416177 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is one of the causal agents of Fusarium head blight and produces the trichothecene mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON). Thioredoxin reductases (TRRs) play critical roles in the recycling of oxidized thioredoxin. However, their functions are not well known in plant pathogenic fungi. In this study, we characterized a TRR orthologue FgTRR in F. graminearum. The FgTRR-GFP fusion protein localized to the cytoplasm. FgTRR gene deletion demonstrated that FgTRR is involved in hyphal growth, conidiation, sexual reproduction, DON production, and virulence. The ΔTRR mutants also exhibited a defect in pigmentation, the expression level of aurofusarin biosynthesis-related genes was significantly decreased in the FgTRR mutant. Furthermore, the ΔTRR mutants were more sensitive to oxidative stress and aggravated apoptosis-like cell death compared with the wild type strain. Taken together, these results indicate that FgTRR is important in development and pathogenicity in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuancun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
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Gonçalves A, Gkrillas A, Dorne JL, Dall'Asta C, Palumbo R, Lima N, Battilani P, Venâncio A, Giorni P. Pre- and Postharvest Strategies to Minimize Mycotoxin Contamination in the Rice Food Chain. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:441-454. [PMID: 33336939 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice is part of many people's diet around the world, being the main energy source in some regions. Although fewer reports exist on the occurrence of mycotoxins in rice compared to other cereals, fungal contamination and the associated production of toxic metabolites, even at lower occurrence levels compared to other crops, are of concern because of the high consumption of rice in many countries. Due to the diversity of fungi that may contaminate the rice food chain, the co-occurrence of mycotoxins is frequent. Specific strategies to overcome these problems may be applied at the preharvest part of the crop chain, while assuring good practices at harvest and postharvest stages, since different fungi may find suitable conditions to grow at the various stages of the production chain. Therefore, the aim of this review is to present the state-of-the-art knowledge on such strategies in an integrated way, from the field to the final products, to reduce mycotoxin contamination in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gonçalves
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Univ. of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - A Gkrillas
- Univ. degli studi di Parma, Via Università 12, 43121, Parma, Italy
| | - J L Dorne
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - C Dall'Asta
- Univ. degli studi di Parma, Via Università 12, 43121, Parma, Italy
| | - R Palumbo
- Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100, Piacenza, Italy
| | - N Lima
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Univ. of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - P Battilani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100, Piacenza, Italy
| | - A Venâncio
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Univ. of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - P Giorni
- Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100, Piacenza, Italy
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A label-free fluorescent aptasensor for the detection of Aflatoxin B1 in food samples using AIEgens and graphene oxide. Talanta 2019; 198:71-77. [PMID: 30876604 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The detection of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has attracted extensive attention for food safety is a worldwide public health problem. Herein, a novel, simple and label-free fluorescent aptasensor, based on quaternized tetraphenylethene salt (TPE-Z), graphene oxide (GO) and AFB1 aptamer, has been constructed to detect AFB1. In the presence of AFB1, AFB1 aptamer undergoes a conformational switch from single stranded structure to the AFB1/AFB1 aptamer complex upon target binding, which induces the release of TPE-Z/AFB1 aptamer from the surface of GO. Thus, the fluorescence of TPE-Z/AFB1 aptamer is recovered. The assay can be performed by simply mixing TPE-Z, AFB1 aptamer, the GO and the AFB1 samples with a detection limit of 0.25 ng/mL. It is highly selective against other aflatoxins in foods and its performance has been verified in food samples (corn, milk and rice) with known concentration AFB1.
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Valera E, García-Febrero R, Elliott CT, Sánchez-Baeza F, Marco MP. Electrochemical nanoprobe-based immunosensor for deoxynivalenol mycotoxin residues analysis in wheat samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1915-1926. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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43
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Determination of multiple mycotoxins in feedstuffs by combined use of UPLC–MS/MS and UPLC–QTOF–MS. Food Chem 2018; 267:140-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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44
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Zhang X, Wang Z, Fang Y, Sun R, Cao T, Paudyal N, Fang W, Song H. Antibody Microarray Immunoassay for Simultaneous Quantification of Multiple Mycotoxins in Corn Samples. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10100415. [PMID: 30326616 PMCID: PMC6215206 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed and tested a prototype of an antibody microarray immunoassay for simultaneous quantitative detection of four typical mycotoxins (aflatoxin B₁, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and fumonisin B₁) in corn samples. The test kit consisted of a nitrocellulose membrane layered with immobilized monoclonal antibodies against mycotoxins. During the assay, the mycotoxin-protein conjugates were biotinylated. The signal detection was enhanced by a combination of the biotin-streptavidin system and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL). This improved the sensitivity of the assay. Under the optimized conditions, four calibration curves with goodness of fit (R² > 0.98) were plotted. The results showed that the detection limits for aflatoxin B₁, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and fumonisin B₁ were 0.21, 0.19, 0.09, and 0.24 ng/mL, with detection ranges of 0.47⁻55.69, 0.48⁻127.11, 0.22⁻31.36, and 0.56⁻92.57 ng/mL, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of this antibody microarray for aflatoxin B₁, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and fumonisin B₁ in corn was 5.25, 4.75, 2.25, and 6 μg/kg, respectively. The recovery rates from the spiked samples were between 79.2% and 113.4%, with coefficient of variation <10%. The results of the analysis of commercial samples for mycotoxins using this new assay and the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were comparable and in good agreement. This assay could also be modified for the simultaneous detection of other multiple mycotoxins, as well as low-weight analytes, hazardous to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zuohuan Wang
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yun Fang
- Technic Center of Zhejiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, 126 Fuchun Road, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Renjie Sun
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tong Cao
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Narayan Paudyal
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weihuan Fang
- China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Houhui Song
- China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang X, Wang Z, Xie H, Sun R, Cao T, Paudyal N, Fang W, Song H. Development of a Magnetic Nanoparticles-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes (MNPs-SPEs) Biosensor for the Quantification of Ochratoxin A in Cereal and Feed Samples. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10080317. [PMID: 30082606 PMCID: PMC6115714 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10080317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticles and screen-printed electrodes (MNPs-SPEs sensor) was developed for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal and feed samples. Different types of magnetic nanoparticles-based ELISA (MNPs-ELISA) were optimized, and the signal detection, as well as sensitivity, was enhanced by the combined use of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of the MNPs-SPEs sensor was y = 0.3372x + 0.8324 (R2 = 0.9805). The linear range of detection and the detection limit were 0.01–0.82 ng/mL and 0.007 ng/mL, respectively. In addition, 50% inhibition (IC50) was detectable at 0.10 ng/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) of this MNPs-SPEs sensor in cereal and feed samples was 0.28 μg/kg. The recovery rates in spiked samples were between 78.7% and 113.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 3.6–9.8%, with the coefficient of variation lower than 15%. Parallel analysis of commercial samples (corn, wheat, and feedstuff) showed a good correlation between MNPs-SPEs sensor and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). This new method provides a rapid, highly sensitive, and less time-consuming method to determine levels of ochratoxin A in cereal and feedstuff samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zuohuan Wang
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hui Xie
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Renjie Sun
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Tong Cao
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Narayan Paudyal
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Weihuan Fang
- China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Houhui Song
- China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
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Peng G, Li X, Cui F, Qiu Q, Chen X, Huang H. Aflatoxin B1 Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructures Functionalized Three Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous MoS 2-AuNPs Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:17551-17559. [PMID: 29733573 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In food safety evaluation, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an important indicator. In this work, we developed an AFB1 electrochemical aptasensor based on a tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) immobilized three dimensionally ordered macroporous MoS2-AuNPs hybrid (3DOM MoS2-AuNPs) recognition interface and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) functionalized magnetic signal amplifier. To greatly enhance the recognition efficiency, sensitivity, and stability of the aptasensor, the AFB1 aptamer-incorporated TDNs were ingeniously combined with the 3DOM MoS2-AuNPs film for the construction of the sensing interface. The aptamers would release from the electrode surface after they reacted with AFB1, and then the hybridization-free TDNs formed. Thus, the biocomposite of DNA helper strands (H1)/HRP functionalized AuNPs-SiO2@Fe3O4 nanospheres would combine with the hybridization-free TDNs due to the hybridization of H1 and TDNs. The more AFB1 existed in the solution, the more H1/HRP-AuNPs-SiO2@Fe3O4 could be combined onto the 3DOM MoS2-AuNPs surface. The current response coming from HRP-catalyzed reduction of H2O2 using thionine (Thi) as electrochemical probe was proportional with the AFB1 concentration. Upon optimal conditions, the aptasensor showed specificity for AFB1, achieving a good linear range of 0.1 fg/mL-0.1 μg/mL and the detection limit of 0.01 fg/mL. Furthermore, the developed aptasensor was also applied for detecting AFB1 content in rice and wheat powder samples, obtaining good results in conformity with those achieved from the high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) method.
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47
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Liquid chromatography – high resolution mass spectrometry method for monitoring of 17 mycotoxins in human plasma for exposure studies. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1548:51-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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48
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Sulaiman SH, Jamaluddin R, Sabran MR. Association between Urinary Aflatoxin (AFM₁) and Dietary Intake among Adults in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040460. [PMID: 29642443 PMCID: PMC5946245 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin is a food contaminant and its exposure through the diet is frequent and ubiquitous. A long-term dietary aflatoxin exposure has been linked to the development of liver cancer in populations with high prevalence of aflatoxin contamination in foods. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the association between urinary aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a biomarker of aflatoxin exposure, with the dietary intake among adults in Hulu Langat district, Selangor, Malaysia. Certain food products have higher potential for aflatoxin contamination and these were listed in a Food Frequency Questionnaire, which was given to all study participants. This allowed us to record consumption rates for each food product listed. Concomitantly, urine samples were collected, from adults in selected areas in Hulu Langat district, for the measurement of AFM1 levels using an ELISA kit. Of the 444 urine samples collected and tested, 199 were positive for AFM1, with 37 of them exceeding the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.64 ng/mL. Cereal products showed the highest consumption level among all food groups, with an average intake of 512.54 g per day. Chi-square analysis showed that consumption of eggs (X2 = 4.77, p = 0.03) and dairy products (X2 = 19.36, p < 0.01) had significant associations with urinary AFM1 but both food groups were having a phi and Cramer’s V value that less than 0.3, which indicated that the association between these food groups’ consumption and AFM1 level in urine was weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Husna Sulaiman
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rosita Jamaluddin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Redzwan Sabran
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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49
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Sheikh-Zeinoddin M, Khalesi M. Biological detoxification of ochratoxin A in plants and plant products. TOXIN REV 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2018.1452264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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50
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Irakli MN, Skendi A, Papageorgiou MD. HPLC-DAD-FLD Method for Simultaneous Determination of Mycotoxins in Wheat Bran. J Chromatogr Sci 2018; 55:690-696. [PMID: 28334872 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A and zearalenone are the most important mycotoxins that everyone on its own, in groups or simultaneously contaminate cereals. The external layers of cereal grains (bran) apart from health promoting ingredients are also the most contaminated part with reference to mycotoxin's presence. Therefore, consumption of a high fiber wheat-based diet represent an increased risk to consumer's health. The objective of this study was to develop a simple and reliable high performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of these mycotoxins in wheat bran (WB). A double extraction was applied with phosphate buffered saline/methanol and for the clean-up a multi-immunoaffinity column was utilized. The detection was carried out with diode-array and fluorescence detectors linked with a post-column photochemical reactor. After optimization of the chromatographic conditions, all mycotoxins were eluted within ~26 min. Limits of detection for each mycotoxin (0.12-12.58 µg/kg) were below the maximum levels provisioned by European Union regulations. Good linearity was observed for the analytes (r2 ≥ 0.9980). The recovery of analyzed mycotoxins ranged from 70.2 to 105.8%, with a relative standard deviation <12%. The method was successfully applied to quantify mycotoxins in 34 WB samples obtained after pearling of grains that were collected from different regions of Greece.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Irakli
- HellenicAgricultural Organization - Demeter, Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Institute, PO Box 60458 57001, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Adriana Skendi
- Department of Food Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki (ATEITh), PO Box 141, GR 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria D Papageorgiou
- Department of Food Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki (ATEITh), PO Box 141, GR 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
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