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Wang F, Ma DY, Yang JT, Lyu DF, Gao QH, Li CL, Zhong CF. Mechanisms and Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Chin J Integr Med 2025; 31:73-82. [PMID: 39190272 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3916-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in elderly men, the incidence of which gradually increases with age and leads to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) are widely used for the treatment of BPH in China and some other countries. To explore the molecular mechanisms of CHMs for BPH, we conducted a review based on peer-reviewed English-language publications in PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception to December 31, 2023. This article primarily reviewed 32 papers on the use of CHMs and its active compounds in the treatment of BPH, covering animal and cell experiments, and identified relevant mechanisms of action. The results suggest that the mechanisms of action of CHMs in treating BPH may involve the regulation of sex hormones, downregulation of cell growth factors, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, inhibition of cell proliferation, and promotion of apoptosis. CHMs also exhibit α-blocker-like effects, with the potential to relax urethral smooth muscle and alleviate LUTS. Additionally, we also reviewed 4 clinical trials and meta-analyses of CHMs for the treatment of BPH patients, which provided initial evidence of the safety and effectiveness of CHMs treatment. CHMs treatment for BPH shows advantages as a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway therapy, which can mitigate the severity of the disease, improve LUTS, and may become a reliable treatment option in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Wang
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Dong-Yue Ma
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jiu-Tian Yang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dong-Fang Lyu
- Department of Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qing-He Gao
- Department of Andrology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Chun-Lei Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong Province, 276000, China
| | - Chong-Fu Zhong
- Department of Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Yang Y, Quan Y, Liu Y, Yang J, Chen K, You X, Hua H, Yan L, Zhao J, Wang J. Exploring the potential mechanism of Xiaojin Pill therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia through metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1431954. [PMID: 39234552 PMCID: PMC11371748 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1431954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Xiaojin Pill (XJP) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescribed for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It has been proven to have multiple effects, such as regulating sex hormone levels, exhibiting anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-platelet aggregation properties, and improving immunity. However, the material basis of XJP's therapeutic effect on BPH and its metabolic process in vivo remains to be clarified. At the same time, many microorganisms that exist in the urogenital tract, including those related to BPH, can also affect the health of the host. Methods Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), the chemical components of XJP were identified. A BPH model was created through bilateral testicular ablation and injections of testosterone propionate. A comprehensive evaluation of XJP efficacy was conducted using pathological ELISA, TUNEL, and immunohistochemical techniques. In addition, UPLC-MS metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing revealed the serum metabolic profile and intestinal microbiota composition. We performed a Spearman correlation coefficient analysis to highlight the interactions between "intestinal microbiota-serum factors" and "intestinal microbiota-metabolites." Results XJP contains 91 compounds that alleviate pathologies of BPH in rats, decreasing prostate weight, index, and serum levels of Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. It inhibits prostatic epithelial cell apoptosis and downregulates Bax, TGF-β1, and IGF-1 proteins in the caspase-3 pathway. Metabolomics studies have revealed 10 upregulated and 10 downregulated metabolites in treated rats, with 5-methylcytosine, uracil, and cytosine enriched in pyrimidine metabolism. L-arginine plays a pivotal role in metabolic pathways encompassing pyrimidine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that XJP optimized the diversity and balance of intestinal flora in BPH rats by decreasing the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes (B/F) ratio, enhancing the beneficial bacteria, such as Eggerthellaceae, Anaerovoracaceae, and Romboutsia, and suppressing the dysfunctional bacteria, such as Atopobiaceae, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Dorea, and Frisingicoccus. According to the Spearman correlation coefficient analysis, Lactobacillus was found to be most associated with serum factors, whereas Romboutsia showed the highest correlation with metabolites. This finding suggests that XJP modulates pyrimidine metabolism disorders in BPH rats, a regulation that aligns closely with Romboutsia, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Lactobacillus, Chujaibacter, and Enterorhabdus, thereby providing valuable biological insights. Conclusion In summary, these findings indicate that XJP possesses a synergistic anti-BHP effect through its multi-component, multi-target, multi-gut microbiota, and multi-metabolic pathway properties. The effect involves the regulation of sex hormone levels, growth factors, and the anti-epithelial cell apoptosis process. The modulation of specific gut microbiota by the host and the involvement of multiple metabolic pathways are likely one of the significant mechanisms of XJP in treating BPH. Notably, pyrimidine metabolism and the intestinal microbial ecosystem are closely intertwined in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Translational Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality of National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of TCM, Sichuan Authentic Medicine System Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Sichuan Authentic Medicine Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunyun Quan
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Translational Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality of National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of TCM, Sichuan Authentic Medicine System Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Sichuan Authentic Medicine Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunteng Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juhua Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Pharmacology of Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaozhou You
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Translational Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality of National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of TCM, Sichuan Authentic Medicine System Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Sichuan Authentic Medicine Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Hua
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Translational Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality of National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of TCM, Sichuan Authentic Medicine System Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Sichuan Authentic Medicine Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangchun Yan
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Translational Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality of National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of TCM, Sichuan Authentic Medicine System Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Sichuan Authentic Medicine Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Translational Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality of National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of TCM, Sichuan Authentic Medicine System Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Sichuan Authentic Medicine Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Translational Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality of National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of TCM, Sichuan Authentic Medicine System Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Sichuan Authentic Medicine Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation Engineering Research Center, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacology of Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Xianyang, China
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Kang XC, Chen T, Zhou JL, Shen PY, Dai SH, Gao CQ, Zhang JY, Xiong XY, Liu DB. Phytosterols in hull-less pumpkin seed oil, rich in ∆ 7-phytosterols, ameliorate benign prostatic hyperplasia by lowing 5α-reductase and regulating balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis in rats. Food Nutr Res 2022; 65:7537. [PMID: 34984064 PMCID: PMC8693601 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.7537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pumpkin seed oil is widely used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common disease in elder men. However, its active components and mechanism have remained to be elucidated. Objective The objective of the present study was to investigate the active components of pumpkin seed oil and its mechanism against BPH. Design Total phytosterol (TPS) was isolated from hull-less pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. var. Styriaca) seed oil and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Three phytosterols were purified by preparative HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) and confirmed by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). TPS (3.3 mg/kg body weight, 1 mL/day/rat) was administered intragastrically to the testosterone propionate-induced BPH rats for 4 weeks. The structure changes of prostate tissues were assessed by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of androgen receptor (AR) and steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC-1) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, while that of 5α-reductase (5AR), apoptosis, or proliferation-related growth factors/proteins was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction or western blotting. Results The ∆7-phytosterols in TPS reached up to 87.64%. Among them, 24β-ethylcholesta-7,22,25-trienol, 24β-ethylcholesta-7,25(27)-dien-3-ol, and ∆7-avenasterol were confirmed by NMR. TPS treatment significantly ameliorated the pathological prostate enlargement and restored histopathological alterations of prostate in BPH rats. It effectively suppressed the expressions of 5AR, AR, and coactivator SRC-1. TPS inhibited the expression of proliferation-related growth factor epidermal growth factor, whereas it increased the expressions of apoptosis-related growth factor/gene transforming growth factor-β1. The proliferation-inhibiting effect was achieved by decreasing the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) phosphorylation, while apoptosis was induced by Caspase 3 activation through JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and p38 phosphorylation. Conclusion TPS from hull-less pumpkin seed oil, with ∆7-phytosterols as its main ingredients, is a potential nutraceutical for BPH prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Cong Kang
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tian Chen
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jia-Li Zhou
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Yuan Shen
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Si-Hui Dai
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Gao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Yin Zhang
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yao Xiong
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Bo Liu
- Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Peng Y, Peng C, Wu Y, Sun C, Li X. Chemical profiles of the active fraction from Prinsepia utilis Royle leaves and its anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia evaluation in animal models. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:272. [PMID: 34715848 PMCID: PMC8555178 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Prinsepia utilis Royle leaves (P. utilis) is a folk herb used for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) control by ethnic minorities for centuries in China with rich in resources. Our previous studies have confirmed the anti-BPH effect of its water extract (QCJ) and the active fraction (Fr. B) separated from the QCJ by animal test. The Fr. B from P. utilis should be a potential candidate for BPH control. Methods In this study, the chemical ingredients of Fr. B were identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS, and quantified by HPLC. Murine animal models were divided into 8 groups, Sham rats, BPH rats, BPH rats administered with finasteride (1 mg/kg), BPH rats administered with Pule’an (460 mg/kg), BPH rats administered with low, high dosage of QCJ (860 mg/kg, 2580 mg/kg respectively), BPH rats administered with low, high dosage of Fr. B (160 mg/kg, 480 mg/kg respectively). The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the prostate tissue of rats was tested, and serum levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and total superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) in prostate homogenate were measured. One-way ANOVA followed by LSD was used for statistical analysis. Results The BPH rats treated by Fr. B exhibited significant reductions of VEGF and MDA levels, as well as significant increases of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in the prostate tissue after 28 day administration (P < 0.05). Moreover, Fr. B significantly reduced DHT, DHT/E2 ratio, TNF-α, while increased T levels in serum of BPH rats (P < 0.05). UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis revealed 10 flavonoids as the key constituents of this fraction, which accounted for 54.96% of all substance of Fr. B. The relative contents of compound 1, 2 are 11.1%, 13% in Fr. B respectively. Conclusions These results indicated that the Fr. B obtained from P. utilis alleviated the symptoms of BPH rats through multiple mechanisms including reduction of DHT/E2 ratio, inhibition of growth factor, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, in which flavonoids might be the key constituents. It supported the hypothesis that the Fr. B should be further explored as a candidate for BPH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongzhi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou Q, Jian Y, Yi P, Sun J, Zhou X, Chen S, Wang W. A Comprehensive Review on
Pronephrium penangianum. Isr J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of PharmacyHunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 China
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of PharmacyHunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 China
| | - Pan Yi
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of PharmacyHunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Basic and New Herbal Medicament Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medical Recourse IndustrializationShaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Department of GastroenterologyLiuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital Liuzhou 545001 China
| | - Shenghuang Chen
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of PharmacyHunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of PharmacyHunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 China
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yang Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Tsai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Shoieb SM, Esmat A, Khalifa AE, Abdel-Naim AB. Chrysin attenuates testosterone-induced benign prostate hyperplasia in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 111:650-659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Gharpure SJ, Anuradha D. Synthesis of Benzo[1,4]heterocycles using Palladium Catalyzed Heck Reaction to Vinylogous Carbonates/Carbamates: Unexpected Formation of Indoles via Carbopalladation Intercepted by Nucleopalladation. Org Lett 2017; 19:6136-6139. [PMID: 29083914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient protocol for the stereoselective synthesis of benzo[1,4]heterocycles via palladium catalyzed Heck reaction on o-halo-aryl-oxa/thia/aza tethered vinylogous carbonates/carbamates/esters has been developed. Unexpected formation of indoles is observed when unprotected 2-iodoaniline tethered vinylogous carbonates are subjected to the Heck reaction. Mechanistic studies indicate that formation of these indoles is an outcome of the interception of the carbopalladation step by nucleopalladation. The method can be used to gain rapid access to the core skeleton of abacopterin A-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India
| | - Dandela Anuradha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India
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Dai GC, Hu B, Zhang WF, Peng F, Wang R, Liu ZY, Xue BX, Liu JY, Shan YX. Chemical characterization, anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia effect and subchronic toxicity study of total flavonoid extract of Pteris multifida. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:524-531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Wang X, Wang M, Cao J, Wu Y, Xiao J, Wang Q. Analysis of flavonoids and antioxidants in extracts of ferns from Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang Province (China). INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2017; 97:137-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Cao H, Chai TT, Wang X, Morais-Braga MFB, Yang JH, Wong FC, Wang R, Yao H, Cao J, Cornara L, Burlando B, Wang Y, Xiao J, Coutinho HDM. Phytochemicals from fern species: potential for medicine applications. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2017; 16:379-440. [PMID: 32214919 PMCID: PMC7089528 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-016-9488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ferns are an important phytogenetic bridge between lower and higher plants. Historically they have been used in many ways by humans, including as ornamental plants, domestic utensils, foods, and in handicrafts. In addition, they have found uses as medicinal herbs. Ferns produce a wide array of secondary metabolites endowed with different bioactivities that could potentially be useful in the treatment of many diseases. However, there is currently relatively little information in the literature on the phytochemicals present in ferns and their pharmacological applications, and the most recent review of the literature on the occurrence, chemotaxonomy and physiological activity of fern secondary metabolites was published over 20 years ago, by Soeder (Bot Rev 51:442-536, 1985). Here, we provide an updated review of this field, covering recent findings concerning the bioactive phytochemicals and pharmacology of fern species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Tsun-Thai Chai
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biology, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | | | - Jing-Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091 China
| | - Fai-Chu Wong
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia
- Centre for Biodiversity Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Ruibing Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Huankai Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004 China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Biology, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Laura Cornara
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita, Polo Botanico, Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Dogali 1M, 16136 Genoa, Italy
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Yitao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Henrique D. M. Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri–URCA, Crato, CE Brazil
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Wu X, Gu Y, Li L. The anti-hyperplasia, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of Qing Ye Dan and swertiamarin in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. Toxicol Lett 2017; 265:9-16. [PMID: 27866977 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Qing Ye Dan (QYD) is the whole plant of Swertia mileensis and used in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and so on. This study was to investigate the effects of QYD and its main component swertiamarin on BPH induced by testosterone in rats. The prostatic expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (βFGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by immunohistochemistry assay. Prostatic levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory-related factors were also analyzed. Additionally, the prostatic expressions of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER)-α, ER-β, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, B-cell CLL/lymphoma (Bcl)-2 and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) were measured by western blot. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated factors were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. It showed that QYD and swertiamarin ameliorated the testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia and collagen deposition, attenuated the over-expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF, EGF, βFGF, PCNA, AR and ER-α, reduced the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, enhanced the expression of ER-β, inhibited the oxidative stress and local inflammation, as well as relieved prostatic EMT. It suggested that QYD and swertiamarin had prostatic protective potential against BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Chen J, Song H. Protective potential of epigallocatechin-3-gallate against benign prostatic hyperplasia in metabolic syndrome rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:315-320. [PMID: 27348728 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major catechin in green tea with functions of antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and attenuating metabolic syndrome. In this study, rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) accompanied with metabolic syndrome was induced by fed on high-fat diet for 12 weeks combined with testosterone injection (10mg/kg/d) from 9th to 12th weeks. EGCG was orally given from 9th to 12th weeks. Finally, the levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, prostate weight, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant enzymes, and prostatic expression of IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) were evaluated. It was found that EGCG significantly decreased the levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, IGFs, and inflammatory cytokines, normalized the activities of antioxidant enzymes, as well as increased the prostatic expression of IGFBP-3 and PPARs. These results indicated that EGCG was able to exert anti-BPH activities in metabolic syndrome rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglou Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongping Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Fan Z, Jin J, Lin C, Zhu C, Yang T, Yang B, Zhu J, Zhao Z. New Flavanol Glucosides fromAbacopteris aspera(Presl)Ching. Helv Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yang X, Yuan L, Xiong C, Yin C, Ruan J. Abacopteris penangiana exerts testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia protective effect through regulating inflammatory responses, reducing oxidative stress and anti-proliferative. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:105-113. [PMID: 25260581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Abacopteris penangiana (Hook.) Ching (AP) is a member of parathelypteris glanduligera and used in folk medicine for the treatment of blood circulation and blood stasis, edema and inflammation as recorded in the ″Chinese Materia Medica″. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of total flavanol glycosides (TFA) from AP and its acid hydrolysate (AHT) on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats by measuring the levels of inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and prostate cell proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS BPH was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of testosterone after castration. Seventy rats were divided into seven groups. After oral administration of AHT and TFA (100 or 200mg/kg/d) for 4 weeks, the prostate index (PI), 5a-reductase (5α-R) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined. Then the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were determined. In addition, the relative inflammatory factors, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and interleukin 17 (IL-17) were measured. Finally, the prostatic expression of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) and phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt were determined by immunohistochemistry. The prostatic expression of Bcl-2 was determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS The results showed that AHT and TFA decreased serum DHT and 5α-R activities compared with model group, as well as the PI and histopathological examination findings. In addition, oral treatment of AHT and TFA can significantly increase the activities of SOD, GPx and CAT while the level of MDA was significantly decreased compared with the model group. Moreover, AHT and TFA remarkably decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines in prostatic tissue. Further investigation demonstrated that AHT and TFA treatment down-regulated the protein expressions of p-Akt, NF-κB and Bcl-2. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AHT and TFA have anti-BPH properties via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects. Hence, AP represents a potential herb for the treatment of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liuliu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chaomei Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tongji Medical Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chunping Yin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinlan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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Janeczko T, Dymarska M, Siepka M, Gniłka R, Leśniak A, Popłoński J, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Enantioselective reduction of flavanone and oxidation of cis- and trans-flavan-4-ol by selected yeast cultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang X, Yuan L, Chen J, Xiong C, Ruan J. Multitargeted protective effect of Abacopteris penangiana against carrageenan-induced chronic prostatitis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 151:343-351. [PMID: 24211397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Abacopteris penangiana (Hook.) Ching (AP) is traditionally used in Chinese medicine to promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis and dampness and for the treatment of edema and inflammation. In order to further support and develop the traditional use of Abacopteris penangiana as Chinese folk medicine, the aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of the total flavanol glycosides (TFA) from AP and its acid hydrolysate (AHT) on chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP) by measuring the levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of AHT and TFA were investigated. Then the experimental chronic non-bacterial prostatitis was induced by carrageenan. The prostate index (PI) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were determined. The activities of AHT and TFA on inhibiting free radicals and oxidative stress were investigated. Subsequently, the degree of chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates, acinar changes and interstitial fibrosis were evaluated by histopathological examination. In addition, the relative inflammatory factors, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were measured. Finally, the prostatic expression of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) was determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. RESULTS The whole results showed that AHT and TFA had strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In CNP model, AHT and TFA successfully decreased PI and PSA. The activities of antioxidant enzymes in AHT or TFA group were enhanced. Additionally, a morphometric analysis of the prostate gland of AHT or TFA treated rats demonstrated a significant reduction in chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates and interstitial fibrosis compared to model group. The reduced values of TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, PEG2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) were observed both in AHT and TFA treated groups. Moreover, the levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF in AHT and TFA treated groups were significantly decreased along with the alleviation of the inflammatory state of the prostate gland. Besides, the prostatic expression of NF-κB was inhibited. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AHT and TFA have anti-prostatitis properties via inhibiting oxidative stress, NF-κB dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines, fibrosis-related factors and antinociceptive activity. Hence, AP represents a potential herb for the treatment of prostatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liuliu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinglou Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chaomei Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tongji Medical Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jinlan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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Jiang J, Tian L, Wang L, Liu Y, Chen Y. Phenolic compounds from the fern Glaphyropteridopsis erubescens (Hook.) Ching. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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