Structural behaviour in condensed bovine serum albumin systems following application of high pressure

Exploring high hydrostatic pressure effects on anthocyanin binding to serum albumin and food-derived transferrins

This study investigated the effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on the binding interactions of cyanindin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) to bovine serum albumin, human serum albumin (HSA), bovine lactoferrin, and ovotransferrin. Fluorescence quenching revealed that HHP reduced C3G-binding affinity to HSA, while having a largely unaffected role for the other proteins. Notably, pretreating HSA at 500 MPa significantly increased its dissociation constant with C3G from 24.7 to 34.3 μM. Spectroscopic techniques suggested that HSA underwent relatively pronounced tertiary structural alterations after HHP treatments. The C3G-HSA binding mechanisms under pressure were further analyzed through molecular dynamics simulation. The localized structural changes in HSA under pressure might weaken its interaction with C3G, particularly polar interactions such as hydrogen bonds and electrostatic forces, consequently leading to a decreased binding affinity. Overall, the importance of pressure-induced structural alterations in proteins influencing their binding with anthocyanins was highlighted, contributing to optimizing HHP processing for anthocyanin-based products.

Bio-inspired nickel nanoparticles of pyrimidine-Schiff base: In vitro anticancer, BSA and DNA interactions, molecular docking and antioxidant studies

In this work, interactions of pyrimidine derivative Schiff base ligand (DMPMM) were studied and its stabilized powder nickel nanoparticles (DMPMM-NiNPs) were synthesized and various biological studies were evaluated. DNA binding studies of CT-DNA with prepared compounds in Tris-HCl/NaCl buffer were carried out by traditional UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopic methods, viscosity measurements and cyclic voltammetry. Results showed that the small scale of DMPMM had less activity to interact with biological systems and when it assembled on nickel nanoparticles surface the activity increased. Thermal denaturation and sonochemical denaturation studies of DNA with the presence and the absence of our compounds also were done by UV-Visible spectroscopic method and its results indicated that the synthesized compounds increased the denaturation temperature. BSA binding studies of synthesized compounds were done by UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. Molecular docking of prepared ligand and its nanoparticles with biomolecules (DNA and BSA) were studied. Antimicrobial studies of the DMPMM and DMPMM-NiNPs were carried out by Agar-Agar well diffusion method. Anticancer studies results evidenced that the synthesized DMPMM-NiNPs had good selectivity to control the growth of cancer cells without damaging the normal cells. Various antioxidant scavenging studies results have shown that DMPMM and DMPMM-NiNPs have significant antioxidant activity. HighlightsStable and solid nickel nanoparticles were prepared.The size of the prepared nickel nanoparticles was nearly 3 to 8 nm.Organic ligand capped nickel nanoparticles interacted with DNA and BSA.Ni nanoparticles increased the denaturation temperature of DNA.It was found to have good anticancer activity with fewer side effects than cisplatin.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Spectrophotometric and fluorometric detection of DNA/BSA interaction, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant and catalytic activities of biologically active methoxy substituted pyrimidine-ligand capped copper nanoparticles

New Schiff base ligand (DPMN) was synthesized from the condensation of 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde and 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine which was confirmed by spectroscopic and analytical methods. Solid air stable copper nanoparticles (DPMN-CuNPs) were synthesized from its copper chloride salt and it is stabilized by the prepared Schiff base ligand by phase transfer assisted synthesis which is a modified Brust-Schiffrin technique. The formation of ligand stabilized copper nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Visible and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The size, surface morphology and quality of DPMN-CuNPs were analyzed by SEM and TEM techniques. Antioxidant activities of DPMN and DPMN-CuNPs with DPPH, SOD, peroxide and nitrous oxide were analyzed by electronic absorption spectroscopy. DNA interaction between DPMN and DPMN-CuNPs with CT-DNA was carried out using electronic absorption, fluorescence, viscometric measurements and cyclic voltammetric techniques. Interaction between BSA and the synthesized compounds analyzed by electronic absorption spectroscopy, Antimicrobial studies confirmed that the synthesized DPMN-CuNPs possess significant biological activities than DPMN. Anticancer results suggest that prepared DPMN-CuNPs have significant anticancer activity against different cancer cell lines and least toxic effect against the normal (NHDF) cell line. Other than the positive response in biological evaluation, our DPMN-CuNPs possess good catalytic activity in methyl orange reduction, methylene blue degradation and nitro phenol reduction.

Low crowding agent concentration destabilizes against pressure unfolding

The concentration of macromolecules inside a cell is very high, which can affect the behavior of the enzymes, and consequently influence vital biological processes. This is called macromolecular crowding. Since the most important effect of macromolecular crowding is the excluded volume, we performed pressure experiments, where the volume (as conjugate parameter to the pressure) is the crucial factor. We measured the temperature and pressure stability of bovine serum albumin and lysozyme with various concentrations of crowding agents, dextran, Ficoll™ and lysozyme itself. Our most interesting finding is that low concentration of all the studied crowding agents decreases the pressure stability of the proteins. We explain this by the reduced hydration volume change in the crowded environment. Furthermore, we discuss the volumetric parameters and emphasize the difference between the partial volume of the protein and the volume it influences, and their relation to the excluded volume which is responsible for the macromolecular crowding.

High pressure effects on the structural functionality of condensed globular-protein matrices

High pressure technology is the outcome of consumer demand for better quality control of processed foods. There is great potential to apply HPP to condensed systems of globular proteins for the generation of industry-relevant biomaterials with advanced techno- and biofunctionality. To this end, research demonstrates that application of high hydrostatic pressure generates a coherent structure and preserves the native conformation in condensed globular proteins, which is an entirely unexpected but interesting outcome on both scientific and technological grounds. In microbiological challenge tests, high pressure at conventional commercial conditions, demonstrated to effectively reduce the concentration of typical Gram negative or Gram positive foodborne pathogens, and proteolytic enzymes in high-solid protein samples. This may have industrial significance in relation to the formulation and stabilisation of "functional food" products as well as in protein ingredients and concentrates by replacing spray dried powders with condensed HPP-treated pastes that maintain structure and bioactivity. Fundamental concepts and structural functionality of condensed matrices of globular proteins are the primary interest in this mini-review, which may lead to opportunities for industrial exploitation, but earlier work on low-solid systems is also summarised presently to put recent developments in context of this rapidly growing field.

Study on the interaction of Co (III) DiAmsar with serum albumins: spectroscopic and molecular docking methods

This study was designed to examine the interaction of cobalt-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane-1,8-diamine (Co(III) DiAmsar) as a hexadentate ligand with human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) under physiological conditions in Tris-HCl buffer solution at pH 7.4. To this aim, at first, Co (III) DiAmsar was synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectroscopy and then its interaction with HSA and BSA was investigated by means of various spectroscopic methods (Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-visible (UV-vis), fluorescence, and cyclic voltammetry (CV)) and molecular docking technique. The results of fluorescence titration revealed that the Co (III) DiAmsar strongly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA and BSA through a static quenching procedure. Binding constants (Ka) and the number of binding sites (n∼1) were calculated using Stern-Volmer equations. The ΔG parameters at different temperatures were calculated. Subsequently, the values of ΔH and ΔS were also calculated, which revealed that the van der Waals and hydrogen bonding interaction splay a major role in Co (III) DiAmsar-HSA and Co (III) DiAmsar-BSA associations. The distance r between donor (HSA and BSA) and acceptor (Co (III) DiAmsar) was obtained according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The data obtained by the molecular modeling study revealed the surrounding residues of HSA and BSA around Co (III) DiAmsar.