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Uçar B, Gholami Z, Svobodová K, Hradecká I, Hönig V. A Comprehensive Study for Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Selected Biological Materials: A Review. Foods 2024; 13:1891. [PMID: 38928832 PMCID: PMC11203194 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The quality of oil is highly dependent on its free fatty acid (FFA) content, especially due to increased restrictions on renewable fuels. As a result, there has been a growing interest in free fatty acid determination methods over the last few decades. While various standard methods are currently available, such as the American Oil Chemists Society (AOCS), International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), and Japan Oil Chemists' Society (JOCS), to obtain accurate results, there is a pressing need to investigate a fast, accurate, feasible, and eco-friendly methodology for determining FFA in biological materials. This is owing to inadequate characteristics of the methods, such as solvent consumption and reproducibility, among others. This study aims to investigate FFA determination methods to identify suitable approaches and introduce a fresh perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Uçar
- ORLEN UniCRE a.s., Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic; (Z.G.); (I.H.)
| | - Zahra Gholami
- ORLEN UniCRE a.s., Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic; (Z.G.); (I.H.)
| | - Kateřina Svobodová
- ORLEN UniCRE a.s., Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic; (Z.G.); (I.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ivana Hradecká
- ORLEN UniCRE a.s., Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic; (Z.G.); (I.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vladimír Hönig
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Sun Z, Shen H, Chen Z, Ma N, Yang Y, Liu H, Li J. Physiological responses and transcriptome analysis of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni exposed to Thrips palmi feeding stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1361276. [PMID: 38807785 PMCID: PMC11130412 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1361276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Thrips are serious pests of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni (daylily), affecting crop yield and quality. To defend against pests, daylily has evolved a set of sophisticated defense mechanisms. In the present study, induction of systemic resistance in Hemerocallis citrina 'Datong Huanghua' by Thrips palmi feeding was investigated at both biochemical and molecular levels. The soluble sugar content of daylily leaves was significantly lower than that in control check (CK) at all time points of feeding by T. palmi, whereas the amino acid and free fatty acid contents started to be significantly lower than those in CK after 7 days. Secondary metabolites such as tannins, flavonoids, and total phenols, which are harmful to the growth and reproduction of T. palmi, were increased significantly. The activities of defense enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were significantly increased, and the degree of damage to plants was reduced. The significant increase in protease inhibitor (PI) activity may lead to disrupted digestion and slower growth in T. palmi. Using RNA sequencing, 1,894 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between control and treatment groups at five timepoints. DEGs were mainly enriched in secondary metabolite synthesis, jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and other defense hormone signal transduction pathways, defense enzyme synthesis, MAPK signaling, cell wall thickening, carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, and other insect resistance pathways. Subsequently, 698 DEGs were predicted to be transcription factors, including bHLH and WRKY members related to biotic stress. WGCNA identified 18 hub genes in four key modules (Purple, Midnight blue, Blue, and Red) including MYB-like DNA-binding domain (TRINITY_DN2391_c0_g1, TRINITY_DN3285_c0_g1), zinc-finger of the FCS-type, C2-C2 (TRINITY_DN21050_c0_g2), and NPR1 (TRINITY_DN13045_c0_g1, TRINITY_DN855_c0_g2). The results indicate that biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, phenylalanine metabolism, PIs, and defense hormones pathways are involved in the induced resistance to T. palmi in daylily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuonan Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Hui Shen
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Zhongtao Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Ye Yang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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An improved method for rapid evaluation of enzymatic cis/trans isomerization of C18:1 monounsaturated fatty acids. Food Chem 2023; 404:134618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Gardenia fruit and Eucommia leaves combination improves hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia via pancreatic lipase and AMPK-PPARα and Keap-1-Nrf2-HO-1 regulation. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Investigation of AOT/isooctane/water reverse microemulsion system with the presence of different mass ratios of SDS: Conductivity and water solubilization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wu Z, Li H, Zhao X, Ye F, Zhao G. Hydrophobically modified polysaccharides and their self-assembled systems: A review on structures and food applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 284:119182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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A jacalin-related lectin domain-containing lipase from chestnut (Castanea crenata): Purification, characterization, and protein identification. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:2081-2093. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Optimization of Spectrophotometric and Fluorometric Assays Using Alternative Substrates for the High-Throughput Screening of Lipase Activity. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/3688124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of reaction conditions on the spectrophotometric and fluorometric assays using alternative substrates (p-nitrophenyl palmitate and 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate) were investigated to optimize them for the high-throughput screening of lipase activity from agricultural products. Four model lipases from Chromobacterium viscosum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Sus scrofa pancreas, and wheat germ (Triticum aestivum) were allowed to hydrolyze the alternative substrates at different substrate concentrations (1–5 mM), operating pH (5.0–8.0), and operating temperatures (25–55°C). The results show that both the spectrophotometric and fluorometric assays worked well at the standard reaction conditions (pH 7.0 and 30°C) for finding a typical lipase, although pH conditions should be considered to detect the catalytic activity of lipases, which are applicable to more acidic or alkaline pH circumstances. To validate the optimized conditions, the high-throughput screening of lipase activity was conducted using 17 domestic agricultural products. A pileus of Pleurotus eryngii showed the highest activity in both the spectrophotometric (633.42 μU/mg) and fluorometric (101.77 μU/mg) assays. The results of this research provide practical information for the high-throughput screening of lipases using alternative substrates on microplates.
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Choi Y, Park JY, Chang PS. Integral Stereoselectivity of Lipase Based on the Chromatographic Resolution of Enantiomeric/Regioisomeric Diacylglycerols. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:325-331. [PMID: 33397094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselectivity, a distinctive characteristic of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3), refers to the ability to differentiate between enantiomeric positions (sn-1 and sn-3) in triacylglycerol (TAG). This property has been determined based on the time course of enantiomeric excess of diacylglycerol (DAG) considering several consecutive steps of lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of TAG; however, this concept is insufficient to represent the true nature of lipases which are capable of hydrolyzing the sn-2 position of TAG under the condition acyl migration occurs. Here, we suggest "integral stereoselectivity" to capture the preference of lipases for all ester groups of both TAG and DAG, as a novel index of the stereochemistry of lipase. To determine integral stereoselectivity, we established an analytical system based on the chromatographic resolution of dioleoylglycerol (DO) enantiomers and regioisomers. DO enantiomers were derivatized with 4-nitrophenyl isocyanate, and subsequently, resolved by chiral-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. Regioisomers of monooleoylglycerol and DO were analyzed by HPLC with an evaporative light-scattering detector. Time-course analysis of three model lipases involved in the hydrolysis of trioleoylglycerol validated the analytical system designed to determine the integral stereoselectivity. As an accurate indicator of lipase stereochemistry reflecting all hydrolysis steps, integral stereoselectivity can expedite the development of lipases with unique stereochemistry from agricultural sources and their application to the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonseok Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Agricultural Microorganism and Enzyme, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Melani NB, Tambourgi EB, Silveira E. Lipases: From Production to Applications. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1564328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natália B. Melani
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Elias B. Tambourgi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Edgar Silveira
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Purification and identification of anti-obesity peptides derived from Spirulina platensis. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Cui J, Cui L, Jia S, Su Z, Zhang S. Hybrid Cross-Linked Lipase Aggregates with Magnetic Nanoparticles: A Robust and Recyclable Biocatalysis for the Epoxidation of Oleic Acid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7179-7187. [PMID: 27595982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Highly stable and easily recyclable hybrid magnetic cross-linked lipase aggregates (HM-CSL-CLEAs) were prepared by coaggregation of lipase aggregates with nonfunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles and subsequent chemical cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. Analysis by SEM and CLSM indicated that the CLEAs were embedded in nanoparticle aggregates instead of covalently immobilized. The resulting HM-CSL-CLEAs exhibited higher thermostability, storage stability, and reusability than standard CLEAs. For example, HM-CSL-CLEAs maintained >60% of their initial activity after 40 min of incubation at 60 °C, whereas standard CLEAs lost most of their activities. The HM-CSL-CLEAs can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by an external magnetic field. Moreover, the H2O2 tolerance of the lipase in HM-CSL-CLEAs was also enhanced, which could relieve the inhibitory effect on lipase activity. A high conversion yield (55%) for the epoxidation of oleic acid using H2O2 as oxidizing agent was achieved by HM-CSL-CLEAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Cui
- Research Center for Fermentation Engineering of Hebei, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology , Shijiazhang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , No. 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Cui
- Research Center for Fermentation Engineering of Hebei, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology , Shijiazhang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiru Jia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , No. 29, 13th, Avenue, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Songping Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Tang D, Zhang J, Tang Y, Teng L, Xia B, Tang D. Hairpin DNA-Dependent Click Conjugation of Oligonucleotides for Electrochemical Monitoring of Copper(II). ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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