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Nwokocha BC, Chatzifragkou A, Fagan CC. Impact of Ultrasonication on African Oil Bean ( Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth) Protein Extraction and Properties. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081627. [PMID: 37107422 PMCID: PMC10137838 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
African oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth) is an underutilised edible oil seed that could represent a sustainable protein source. In this study, the impact of ultrasonication on the extraction efficiency and properties of protein from African oil bean (AOB) seeds was evaluated. The increase in the duration of extraction favoured the extraction of AOB proteins. This was observed by an increase in extraction yield from 24% to 42% (w/w) when the extraction time was increased from 15 min to 60 min. Desirable properties were observed in extracted AOB proteins; the amino acid profile of protein isolates revealed higher ratios of hydrophobic to hydrophilic amino acids compared to those of the defatted seeds, suggesting alterations in their functional properties. This was also supported by the higher proportion of hydrophobic amino acids and high surface hydrophobicity index value (3813) in AOB protein isolates. The foaming capacity of AOB proteins was above 200%, with an average foaming stability of 92%. The results indicate that AOB protein isolates can be considered promising food ingredients and could help stimulate the growth of the food industry in tropical Sub-Saharan regions where AOB seeds thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing C Nwokocha
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Afroditi Chatzifragkou
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Colette C Fagan
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights RG6 6DZ, UK
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2
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Peydayesh M, Bagnani M, Soon WL, Mezzenga R. Turning Food Protein Waste into Sustainable Technologies. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2112-2154. [PMID: 35772093 PMCID: PMC9999431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
For each kilogram of food protein wasted, between 15 and 750 kg of CO2 end up in the atmosphere. With this alarming carbon footprint, food protein waste not only contributes to climate change but also significantly impacts other environmental boundaries, such as nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, global freshwater use, change in land composition, chemical pollution, and biodiversity loss. This contrasts sharply with both the high nutritional value of proteins, as well as their unique chemical and physical versatility, which enable their use in new materials and innovative technologies. In this review, we discuss how food protein waste can be efficiently valorized not only by reintroduction into the food chain supply but also as a template for the development of sustainable technologies by allowing it to exit the food-value chain, thus alleviating some of the most urgent global challenges. We showcase three technologies of immediate significance and environmental impact: biodegradable plastics, water purification, and renewable energy. We discuss, by carefully reviewing the current state of the art, how proteins extracted from food waste can be valorized into key players to facilitate these technologies. We furthermore support analysis of the extant literature by original life cycle assessment (LCA) examples run ad hoc on both plant and animal waste proteins in the context of the technologies considered, and against realistic benchmarks, to quantitatively demonstrate their efficacy and potential. We finally conclude the review with an outlook on how such a comprehensive management of food protein waste is anticipated to transform its carbon footprint from positive to negative and, more generally, have a favorable impact on several other important planetary boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Peydayesh
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Bagnani
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wei Long Soon
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Sharma S, Pradhan R, Manickavasagan A, Thimmanagari M, Dutta A. Corn distillers solubles as a novel bioresource of bioactive peptides with ACE and DPP IV inhibition activity: characterization, in silico evaluation, and molecular docking. Food Funct 2022; 13:8179-8203. [PMID: 35829682 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04109f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the biological potential of underutilized and low-value corn distillers solubles, containing a unique unexplored blend of heat-treated corn and yeast proteins, from the bioethanol industries, by bioinformatic and biochemical approaches. Protein hydrolysates were produced by applying four commercially accessible proteases, among which alcalase provided the best results in terms of yield, degree of hydrolysis, molecular weight, number of proteins, bioactive peptides, and deactivation against anti-angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and anti-dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV). The optimal conditions to produce anti-ACE and anti-DPP IV peptides were using alcalase for 10.82 h and an enzyme : substrate ratio of 7.90 (%w/w), with inhibition values for ACE and DPP IV of 98.76 ± 1.28% and 34.99 ± 1.44%, respectively. Corn (α-zein) and yeast (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) proteins were mainly suitable, upon enzymolysis, for the release of bioactive peptides. The peptides DPANLPWG, FDFFDNIN, WNGPPGVF, and TPPFHLPPP inhibited ACE more effectively as verified with binding energies of -11.3, -11.6, -10.5, and -11.6 kcal mol-1, respectively, as compared to captopril (-6.38 kcal mol-1). Compared with the binding energy of sitagliptin (-8.6 kcal mol-1), WNGPPGVF (-9.6 kcal mol-1), WPLPPFG (-9.8 kcal mol-1), LPPYLPS (-9.7 kcal mol-1), TPPFHLPPP (-10.1 kcal mol-1), and DPANLPWG peptides (-10.1 kcal mol-1) had greater inhibition potential against DPP IV. The peptides impeded ACE and DPP IV majorly via hydrophobic and hydrogen linkage interactions. The key amino acids TYR523, GLU384, and HIS353 were bound to the catalytic sites of ACE and GLN553, GLU206, PHE364, VAL303, and THR304 were bound to the DPP IV enzyme. The PHs can be used as ingredients in the feed or food industries with possible health advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Sharma
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
| | - Ranjan Pradhan
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1. .,Shrimp Canada, 67 Watson Rd. S (Unit-2), Guelph, Ontario, N1L 1 E3, Canada
| | | | - Mahendra Thimmanagari
- Food and Rural Affairs, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, 1 Stone Road West, Guelph N1G 4Y1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Animesh Dutta
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
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4
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Li C, Hu Q, Liang Y, Wei Y, Wang J. Physicochemical properties and application in film preparation of prolamin from distiller's grains. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School of Life Science Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi China
- Xinghuacun College of Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi China
| | - Qiannan Hu
- School of Life Science Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi China
| | - Yaqi Liang
- School of Life Science Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi China
| | - Yuxiang Wei
- School of Life Science Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi China
| | - Jingxue Wang
- School of Life Science Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi China
- Xinghuacun College of Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi China
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5
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de Borba VS, Lemos AC, Rodrigues MHP, Gropelli VM, Cerqueira MBR, Badiale-Furlong E. Miniaturization of Spectrophotometric Methods to Determine Reducing Sugars, Total Starch and Soluble Proteins in Wheat-Based Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Singh J, Karmakar S, Banerjee R. An integrated study using ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of hydrolysates from rice based distillery byproduct and its characterisation. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Zhao J, Wang D, Li Y. Proteins in dried distillers' grains with solubles: A review of animal feed value and potential non‐food uses. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Zhao
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
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8
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Yang J, Li J, Wang M, Zheng L, Peng B, Zou X, Yin Y, Deng Z. A Tea Saponin‐Carbohydrate‐Protein Complex Could Be One Key Emulsifiable Compound in the Emulsion Formed during Aqueous Extraction of Camellia Oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 China
- College of Pharmacy and Life Sciences Jiujiang University Jiujiang Jiangxi 332005 China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 China
| | - Mei Wang
- State Center of Quality Surpervision and Inspection for Camellia Products Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000 China
| | - Liu‐Feng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 China
| | - Bin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 China
| | - Xian‐Guo Zou
- Department of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Yu‐Long Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 China
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture The Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha Hunan 410125 China
| | - Ze‐Yuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 China
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9
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Chen WH, Lo HJ, Yu KL, Ong HC, Sheen HK. Valorization of sorghum distillery residue to produce bioethanol for pollution mitigation and circular economy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117196. [PMID: 33962308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to study the wet torrefaction (WT) and saccharification of sorghum distillery residue (SDR) towards hydrochar and bioethanol production. The experiments are designed by Box-Behnken design from response surface methodology where the operating conditions include sulfuric acid concentration (0, 0.01, and 0.02 M), amyloglucosidase concentration (36, 51, and 66 IU), and saccharification time (120, 180, and 240 min). Compared to conventional dry torrefaction, the hydrochar yield is between 13.24 and 14.73%, which is much lower than dry torrefaction biochar (yield >50%). The calorific value of the raw SDR is 17.15 MJ/kg, which is significantly enhanced to 22.36-23.37 MJ/kg after WT. When the sulfuric acid concentration increases from 0 to 0.02 M, the glucose concentration in the product increases from 5.59 g/L to 13.05 g/L. The prediction of analysis of variance suggests that the best combination to maximum glucose production is 0.02 M H2SO4, 66 IU enzyme concentration, and 120 min saccharification time, and the glucose concentration is 30.85 g/L. The maximum bioethanol concentration of 19.21 g/L is obtained, which is higher than those from wheat straw (18.1 g/L) and sweet sorghum residue (16.2 g/L). A large amount of SDR is generated in the kaoliang liquor production process, which may cause environmental problems if it is not appropriately treated. This study fulfills SDR valorization for hydrochar and bioenergy to lower environmental pollution and even achieve a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, 411, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu-Ju Lo
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; International Master Degree Program on Energy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ling Yu
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hwai-Chyuan Ong
- School of Information, Systems and Modelling, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Herng-Kuang Sheen
- Sugar Business Division, Taiwan Sugar Corporation, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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10
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Kumar A, Nayak R, Purohit SR, Rao PS. Impact of UV-C irradiation on solubility of Osborne protein fractions in wheat flour. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Anaerobic Digestion of Steam-Exploded Wheat Straw and Co-Digestion Strategies for Enhanced Biogas Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10228284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Wheat straw (WS) is considered a favourable substrate for biogas production. However, due to its rigid structure and high carbon to nitrogen (C/N ratio), its biodegradability during anaerobic digestion (AD) is usually low. In the present study, the effect of steam explosion pre-treatment on WS, combined with C/N adjustment with inorganic nitrogen, on biogas production was evaluated. Additionally, co-digestion of WS with protein-rich agri-industrial by-products (dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS) and rapeseed meal (RM)) was assessed. Steam explosion enhanced biogas production from WS, whereas the addition of NH4Cl was beneficial (p < 0.05) for the digestion of steam-exploded wheat straw (SE). Furthermore, mono-digestion of the four different substrates seemed to be efficient in both inoculum to substrate ratios (I/S) tested (3.5 and 1.75 (w/w)). Finally, during co-digestion of WS and SE with DDGS and RM, an increase in the cumulative methane production was noted when higher amounts of DDGS and RM were co-digested. This study demonstrated that DDGS and RM can be used as an AD supplement to stimulate gas production and improve wheat straw biodegradability, while their addition at 10% on an AD system operating with WS can enhance gas yields at levels similar to those achieved by steam-exploded straw.
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12
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Sousa R, Portmann R, Dubois S, Recio I, Egger L. Protein digestion of different protein sources using the INFOGEST static digestion model. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108996. [PMID: 32156409 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In vitro digestion systems are valuable tools for understanding and monitoring the complex behavior of food degradation during digestion, thus proving to be good candidates for replacing in vivo assays. The aim of the present work was to study protein hydrolysis in a selection of different protein sources using the harmonized INFOGEST static protocol: three isolated proteins (collagen, zein, and whey protein) and five foods (sorghum flour, wheat bran cereals, peanuts, black beans, and pigeon peas). The proteins of all the substrates were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and HPLC-MS/MS. Individual amino acid composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). EAA/NEAA (essential amino acids/ nonessential amino acids) ratios in the substrates from low to high were as follows: wheat bran cereals, peanuts, collagen, zein, whey protein, sorghum, pigeon peas, and black beans. The results revealed sorghum, whey protein, and zein as good sources of BCAA. In all substrates, no intact protein from the substrates was visually detected by SDS-PAGE after the intestinal phase of in vitro digestion with the INFOGEST protocol. However, digestion-resistant peptides were detected in all substrates after the intestinal digestion phase. Protein hydrolysis was high in whey protein isolate and pigeon pea and low for wheat bran cereals and bovine collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Sousa
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Reto Portmann
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Isidra Recio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lotti Egger
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland.
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13
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Zaini NABM, Chatzifragkou A, Charalampopoulos D. Alkaline fractionation and enzymatic saccharification of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Roth M, Jekle M, Becker T. Opportunities for upcycling cereal byproducts with special focus on Distiller's grains. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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15
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Prolamins from cereal by-products: Classification, extraction, characterization and its applications in micro- and nanofabrication. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Yang JY, Peng B, Wang M, Zou XG, Yin YL, Deng ZY. Characteristics and emulsifying properties of two protein fractions derived from the emulsion formed during aqueous extraction of Camellia oil. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Zaini NABM, Chatzifragkou A, Charalampopoulos D. Microbial production of d-lactic acid from dried distiller's grains with solubles. Eng Life Sci 2018; 19:21-30. [PMID: 32624952 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
d-Lactic acid production is gaining increasing attention due to the thermostable properties of its polymer, poly-d-lactic acid . In this study, Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. torquens, was evaluated for its ability to produce d-lactic acid using Dried Distiller's Grains with Solubles (DDGS) hydrolysate as the substrate. DDGS was first subjected to alkaline pretreatment with sodium hydroxide to remove the hemicellulose component and the generated carbohydrate-rich solids were then subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase mixture Accellerase® 1500. When comparing separate hydrolysis and fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of L. coryniformis on DDGS hydrolysate, the latter method demonstrated higher d-lactic acid production (27.9 g/L, 99.9% optical purity of d-lactic acid), with a higher glucose to d-lactic acid conversion yield (84.5%) compared to the former one (24.1 g/L, 99.9% optical purity of d-lactic acid). In addition, the effect of increasing the DDGS concentration in the fermentation system was investigated via a fed-batch SSF approach, where it was shown that the d-lactic acid production increased to 38.1 g/L and the conversion yield decreased to 70%. In conclusion, the SSF approach proved to be an efficient strategy for the production of d-lactic acid from DDGS as it reduced the overall processing time and yielded high d-lactic acid concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Aqilah Binti Mohd Zaini
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences University of Reading Whiteknights UK.,Centre of Biotechnology and Functional Food Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
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Evaluation of the prebiotic potential of arabinoxylans extracted from wheat distillers’ dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and in-process samples. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7577-7587. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Mishra P, Balachandar G, Das D. Improvement in biohythane production using organic solid waste and distillery effluent. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 66:70-78. [PMID: 28456457 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biohythane is a two-stage anaerobic fermentation process consisting of biohydrogen production followed by biomethanation. This serves as an environment friendly and economically sustainable approach for the improved valorization of organic wastes. The characteristics of organic wastes depend on their respective sources. The choice of an appropriate combination of complementary organic wastes can vastly improve the bioenergy generation besides achieving the significant cost reduction. The present study assess the suitability and economic viability of using the groundnut deoiled cake (GDOC), mustard deoiled cake (MDOC), distillers' dried grain with solubles (DDGS) and algal biomass (AB) as a co-substrate for the biohythane process. Results showed that maximum gaseous energy of 23.93, 16.63, 23.44 and 16.21kcal/L were produced using GDOC, MDOC, DDGS and AB in the two stage biohythane production, respectively. Both GDOC and DDGS were found to be better co-substrates as compared to MDOC and AB. The maximum cumulative hydrogen and methane production of 150 and 64mmol/L were achieved using GDOC. 98% reduction in substrate input cost (SIC) was achieved using the co-supplementation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - G Balachandar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Debabrata Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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Changes in the arabinoxylan fraction of wheat grain during alcohol production. Food Chem 2016; 221:1754-1762. [PMID: 27979157 PMCID: PMC5176037 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory produced DDGS samples were compared with commercial samples from a distillery and a biofuel plant. Changes in structure, solubility and content of arabinoxylan (AX) was determined. The distillation process results in a relative increase of AX content compared to the starting material. The heating and drying processes involved in the production of DDGS lead to an increased solubility and viscosity of water-extractable AX. Production of DDGS results in structural changes to the AX. There is a decrease in 2- and 3-linked arabinose oligosaccharides, that contributes to around a 50% reduction in arabinosylation in DDGS compared with the starting grains. The current study shows that laboratory-scale DDGS provide an accurate representation of the commercial scale and that the AX composition of DDGS is consistently uniform irrespective of starting material. The uniformity of DDGS and thin stillage makes them a good potential source of AX for production of prebiotics or other novel products.
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