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Burgon VH, da Silva ARP, Milani RF, Taniwaki MH, Iamanaka BT, Morgano MA. Occurrence of ochratoxin A in cocoa beans and bean-to-bar chocolates. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01451-6. [PMID: 39009936 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01451-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing health consciousness of consumers has led to an increase in the consumption of artisanal chocolates, mainly due to their recognized health benefits. However, processing steps such as fermentation and drying of cocoa beans can favor the growth of ochratoxigenic fungi. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in cocoa beans (purchased from e-commerce and post-harvest processing) and bean-to-bar chocolates sold in Brazil. An HPLC-FLD method was validated, with recovery values between 84 and 97% and limits of detection and quantification of 0.04 and 0.01 µg/kg, respectively. OTA was detected in 30% of the cocoa bean samples studied (n = 43), with values ranging from < 0.04 to 1.18 µg/kg. Regarding the bean-to-bar chocolates (n = 62), the OTA concentrations ranged from < 0.04 to 1.11 µg/kg, with a prevalence in semi-sweet and dark chocolates. Despite representing a growing market, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report OTA concentrations in bean-to-bar chocolates and Brazilian cocoa beans used to produce this type of chocolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Hugo Burgon
- Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Fernanda Milani
- Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil
| | - Marta H Taniwaki
- Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil
| | - Beatriz T Iamanaka
- Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Antonio Morgano
- Institute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil.
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2
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Zuo H, Wang X, Liu W, Chen Z, Liu R, Yang H, Xia C, Xie J, Sun T, Ning B. Nanobody-based magnetic chemiluminescence immunoassay for one-pot detection of ochratoxin A. Talanta 2023; 258:124388. [PMID: 36921368 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination seriously threatens food safety and human health and requires sensitive and rapid tools for monitoring. In this study, a convenient enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on Avi-labeled nanobody Nb-2G/streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase and magnetic beads (MBS-ELISA) was established for the sensitive detection of OTA, which could be used for one-pot detection without immobilization. After optimization, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and the lowest limit of detection value of the MBS-ELISA was 1.17 ng/mL and 0.07 ng/mL and the linear range was 248.8 pg/mL-5.28 ng/mL, respectively, which accords with state criteria for food safety. The developed one-step MBS-ELISA was almost 20-times more sensitive than the classic BA-ELISA and could generate results within 15 min, which was significantly less than the classic BA-ELISA at approximately 3 h. The MBS-ELISA indicated good recovery (86.4-114.3%) in spiked sorghum, buckwheat, and mung bean. Thus, MBS-ELISA represents a very promising strategy for the simple, rapid, and accurate detection of OTA and other toxic and hazardous contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zuo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongfen Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyan Xia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinli Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tieqiang Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Baoan Ning
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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3
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Li X, Ma W, Ma Z, Zhang Q, Li H. Recent progress in determination of ochratoxin a in foods by chromatographic and mass spectrometry methods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5444-5461. [PMID: 33583259 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1885340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A is a highly toxic mycotoxin and has posed great threat to human health. Due to its serious toxicity and wide contamination, great efforts have been made to develop reliable determination methods. In this review, analytical methods are comprehensively summarized in terms of sample preparation strategy and instrumental analysis. Detailed method is described according to the food commodities in the order of cereal, wine, coffee, beer, cocoa, dried fruit and spice. This review mainly focuses on the recent advances, especially reported in the last decade. At last, challenges and perspectives are also discussed to achieve better advancement and promote practical application in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiang Li
- Food Safety Laboratory, Division of Metrology in Chemistry, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghe Zhang
- Food Safety Laboratory, Division of Metrology in Chemistry, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Food Safety Laboratory, Division of Metrology in Chemistry, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
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4
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Analysis of volatile emissions from grape berries infected with Aspergillus carbonarius using hyphenated and portable mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21179. [PMID: 33273624 PMCID: PMC7713432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins represent a serious risk for human and animal health. Οchratoxin A (OTA) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by A. carbonarius that constitutes a severe problem for viticulture. In this study, we investigate the development of novel detection and on-line monitoring approaches for the detection of OTA in the field (i.e. out of the chemical laboratory) using advanced molecular sensing. Both stand-alone and hyphenated mass spectrometry (MS) based systems (e.g. Time-of-Flight ToF-MS and gas chromatography GC combined with MS) and compact portable membrane inlet MS (MIMS) have been employed for the first time to detect and monitor volatile emissions of grape berries infected by the fungus Aspergillus carbonarius. In vacuo (electron impact-EI) and ambient ionisation (electrospray ionisation-ESI) techniques were also examined. On-line measurements of the volatile emissions of grape berries, infected by various strains of A. carbonarius with different toxicity levels, were performed resulting in different olfactory chemical profiles with a common core of characteristic mass fragments, which could be eventually used for on-site detection and monitoring allowing consequent improvement in food security.
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Zhou J, Yang Q, Liang C, Chen Y, Zhang X, Liu Z, Wang A. Detection of ochratoxin A by quantum dots-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:183-192. [PMID: 33064163 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02990-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a toxic metabolite produced mainly by Aspergillus and Penicillium species. A quantitative method was developed for the rapid, simple, and sensitive detection of OTA in corn by quantum dots-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (QDs-ICA). The CdSe/ZnS QDs-labelled anti-OTA monoclonal antibody (mAb) conjugates were designed as the fluorescent signal probe. The QDs-ICA included the designation of test line (T line) and control line (C line), which were sprayed with optimal concentrations of the OTA-OVA and staphylococcal protein-A (SPA), respectively. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the QDs-ICA exhibited excellent specificity and good accuracy and precision. For qualitative detection, the cut-off value for the T line of the visual detection method was 2.5 ng/mL. For quantitative detection, the linear regression equation of the standard curve was y = 0.366x + 0.514 with a reliable correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.992). Moreover, the 50% inhibition value (IC50) of the QDs-ICA was 0.91 ng/mL, the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.07 ng/mL, and the detection range was 0.05 to 10 ng/mL. In addition, the recovery rates ranged from 91.82 to 100.35% with a coefficient of variation (CV) below 3% for intra-assay, whereas the recovery rates for inter-assay changed from 94.29 to 104.62% with a CV below 10%. These results indicate that the QDs-ICA can serve as a potential large-scale preliminary device for rapid determination of OTA. Using CdSe/ZnS QDs as the fluorescent signal for quantum dots-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay, the QDs-ICA provided a novel method for the rapid simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qingbao Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhanxiang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Torović L, Lakatoš I, Majkić T, Beara I. Risk to public health related to the presence of ochratoxin A in wines from Fruška Gora. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Schrenk D, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Hoogenboom L(R, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Schwerdtle T, Vleminckx C, Wallace H, Alexander J, Dall'Asta C, Mally A, Metzler M, Binaglia M, Horváth Z, Steinkellner H, Bignami M. Risk assessment of ochratoxin A in food. EFSA J 2020; 18:e06113. [PMID: 37649524 PMCID: PMC10464718 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA to update their 2006 opinion on ochratoxin A (OTA) in food. OTA is produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus and Penicillium and found as a contaminant in various foods. OTA causes kidney toxicity in different animal species and kidney tumours in rodents. OTA is genotoxic both in vitro and in vivo; however, the mechanisms of genotoxicity are unclear. Direct and indirect genotoxic and non-genotoxic modes of action might each contribute to tumour formation. Since recent studies have raised uncertainty regarding the mode of action for kidney carcinogenicity, it is inappropriate to establish a health-based guidance value (HBGV) and a margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied. For the characterisation of non-neoplastic effects, a BMDL 10 of 4.73 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day was calculated from kidney lesions observed in pigs. For characterisation of neoplastic effects, a BMDL 10 of 14.5 μg/kg bw per day was calculated from kidney tumours seen in rats. The estimation of chronic dietary exposure resulted in mean and 95th percentile levels ranging from 0.6 to 17.8 and from 2.4 to 51.7 ng/kg bw per day, respectively. Median OTA exposures in breastfed infants ranged from 1.7 to 2.6 ng/kg bw per day, 95th percentile exposures from 5.6 to 8.5 ng/kg bw per day in average/high breast milk consuming infants, respectively. Comparison of exposures with the BMDL 10 based on the non-neoplastic endpoint resulted in MOEs of more than 200 in most consumer groups, indicating a low health concern with the exception of MOEs for high consumers in the younger age groups, indicating a possible health concern. When compared with the BMDL 10 based on the neoplastic endpoint, MOEs were lower than 10,000 for almost all exposure scenarios, including breastfed infants. This would indicate a possible health concern if genotoxicity is direct. Uncertainty in this assessment is high and risk may be overestimated.
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Tang Z, Liu X, Su B, Chen Q, Cao H, Yun Y, Xu Y, Hammock BD. Ultrasensitive and rapid detection of ochratoxin A in agro-products by a nanobody-mediated FRET-based immunosensor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 387:121678. [PMID: 31753666 PMCID: PMC7990105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a major concern for public health and the rapid detection of trace OTA in food is always a challenge. To minimize OTA exposure to consumers, a nanobody (Nb)-mediated förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based immunosensor using quantum dots (Nb-FRET immunosensor) was proposed for ultrasensitive, single-step and competitive detection of OTA in agro-products at present work. QDs of two sizes were covalently labeled with OTA and Nb, acting as the energy donor and acceptor, respectively. The free OTA competed with the donor to bind to acceptor, thus the FRET efficiency increased with the decrease of OTA concentration. The single-step assay could be finished in 5 min with a limit of detection of 5 pg/mL, which was attributed to the small size of Nb for shortening the effective FRET distance and improving the FRET efficiency. The Nb-FRET immunosensor exhibited high selectivity for OTA. Moreover, acceptable accuracy and precision were obtained in the analysis of cereals and confirmed by the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Thus the developed Nb-FRET immunosensor was demonstrated to be an efficient tool for ultrasensitive and rapid detection of OTA in cereals and provides a detection model for other toxic small molecules in food and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwen Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Benchao Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yonghuan Yun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
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Golubović J, Heath E, Heath D. Validation challenges in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods for the analysis of naturally occurring compounds in foodstuffs. Food Chem 2019; 294:46-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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10
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Wang J, Hu Q, Li P, Fang Y, Yang W, Ma N, Pei F. Comparison of three different lipid removal cleanup techniques prior to the analysis of sulfonamide drug residues in porcine tissues. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3006-3016. [PMID: 31572594 PMCID: PMC6766571 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of 17 sulfonamides (SNs) determination in porcine tissues using two new materials including Enhanced Matrix Removal for Lipid (EMR-L) and Oasis PRiME hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), and the conventional liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane (LLE) sample preparation methods were evaluated and compared. Samples were extracted uniformly with acidified acetonitrile and cleaned up by the three sample preparation methods, and then, analytes were further separated by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and detected by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS) or a quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF/MS). The results showed that the matrix effects from the EMR-L and HLB were significantly lower than that from LLE, suggesting that these two new materials are superior to n-hexane in the precipitation of proteins and the adsorption of lipids. Moreover, the recoveries of 17 SNs were quantified by the matrix-matched calibration curve at spiked level of 5, 10, and 20 μg/kg, and 97.0% of the results satisfied method validation requirements. The samples cleaned up by EMR-L and HLB achieved the highest average recovery in liver and kidney with high moisture content, and muscle which is high in fat, respectively. In addition, Q-TOF/MS could play a good role in aided verification based on the result of repeated validation test. In summary, either combination of approaches could be used to achieve monitoring purposes; it is still worthwhile to adopt a specific sample preparation method and MS detector for the quantification in a specific matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Peng Li
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Yong Fang
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Wenjian Yang
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Fei Pei
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
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Tang Z, Liu X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Hammock BD, Xu Y. Nanobody-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer immunoassay for noncompetitive and simultaneous detection of ochratoxin a and ochratoxin B. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:238-245. [PMID: 31082608 PMCID: PMC7103568 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A noncompetitive and homogeneous fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) immunoassay was developed using a nanobody (Nb) for highly sensitive and simultaneous detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) and ochratoxin B (OTB). The promoted intrinsic fluorescence (λex: 280 nm) of tryptophan residues (donor) in Nb can excite the fluorescence of OTA and OTB (acceptor) for detection (λem: 430 nm). Using optimal conditions, the limits of detection of the Nb-based FRET immunoassay were 0.06 and 0.12 ng/mL for OTA and OTB, respectively. Minimal cross reactivity was detected for several analogues of OTA and OTB as well as nonspecific proteins and antibodies. Acceptable accuracy and precision were obtained in the spike and recovery study, and the results correlated well with those by HPLC. These results demonstrated that the developed method could be a useful tool for noncompetitive, homogeneous, and simultaneous detection of OTA and OTB as well as other environmental analytes with similar fluorescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwen Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
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12
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Zhang X, Li M, Cheng Z, Ma L, Zhao L, Li J. A comparison of electronic nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry on discrimination and prediction of ochratoxin A content in Aspergillus carbonarius cultured grape-based medium. Food Chem 2019; 297:124850. [PMID: 31253256 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated discrimination and prediction of ochratoxin A (OTA) in three Aspergillus carbonarius strains cultured grape-based medium using E-nose technology and GC-MS analysis. Results showed that these strains cultured medium samples were divided into four groups regarding their log 10 OTA value using an equispaced normal distribution analysis. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that GC-MS PLS-DA model only separated the low OTA level medium samples from the rest OTA level samples, whereas all the OTA level samples were segregated from each other using E-nose PLS-DA model. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis indicated that an excellent prediction performance was established on the accumulation of OTA in these medium samples using E-nose PLSR, whereas GC-MS PLSR model showed a screening performance on the OTA formation. These indicated that E-nose analysis could be a reliable method on discriminating and predicting OTA in A. carbonarius strains under grape-based medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Menghua Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhan Cheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liyan Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Inspection & Testing Center for Agricultural Products Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Longlian Zhao
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingming Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wang H, Zhai N, Chen Y, Fu C, Huang K. OTA induces intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and tight junction disruption in IPEC-J2 cells through ROS/Ca 2+-mediated MLCK activation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:106-112. [PMID: 29966834 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a frequent contaminant of feed and food worldwide. The toxicity of OTA on intestinal barrier was investigated in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). We observed that OTA induced intestinal barrier dysfunction as indicated by the reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and elevation in paracellular permeability to 4 kDa dextran. The barrier dysfunction was accompanied with tight junction disruption including a down-regulation in ZO-1 expression and redistribution of Occludin and ZO-1. Moreover, OTA exposure increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, elevated the intracellular calcium level ([Ca2+]c) and activated myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Simultaneously, NAC, a ROS scavenger, blocked OTA-induced ROS generation, [Ca2+]c elevation, barrier dysfunction and tight junction disruption, suggesting that OTA-induced ROS generation may act as a trigger. Next, we found that OTA-induced MLCK activation was inhibited by BAPTA-AM, the cytosolic Ca2+ chelator, demonstrating that OTA-induced MLCK activation is dependent on [Ca2+]c elevation. Furthermore, inhibition of MLCK with ML-7 or inhibition of [Ca2+]c elevation with BAPTA-AM markedly prevented OTA-induced barrier dysfunction and tight junction disruption. Taken together, our results indicated that OTA induces ROS generation, and then elevates the [Ca2+]c and MLCK activity in turn, which finally induces barrier dysfunction and disrupts tight junction in IPEC-J2 cell monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nianhui Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chongyang Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Polydopamine-based molecularly imprinting polymers on magnetic nanoparticles for recognition and enrichment of ochratoxins prior to their determination by HPLC. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:300. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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15
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Wan H, Zhang B, Bai XL, Zhao Y, Xiao MW, Liao X. Extraction of ochratoxin A in red wine with dopamine-coated magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4022-4031. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wan
- Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu China
- Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai China
| | - Xiao-Lin Bai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Meng-Wei Xiao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Xun Liao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu China
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16
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Vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the analysis of major Aspergillus and Penicillium mycotoxins in rice wine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Sun X, Niu Y, Ma T, Xu P, Huang W, Zhan J. Determination, content analysis and removal efficiency of fining agents on ochratoxin A in Chinese wines. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Berthiller F, Brera C, Iha M, Krska R, Lattanzio V, MacDonald S, Malone R, Maragos C, Solfrizzo M, Stranska-Zachariasova M, Stroka J, Tittlemier S. Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2015-2016. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2017. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2016.2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises developments in the determination of mycotoxins over a period between mid-2015 and mid-2016. Analytical methods to determine aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone are covered in individual sections. Advances in proper sampling strategies are discussed in a dedicated section, as are methods used to analyse botanicals and spices and newly developed liquid chromatography mass spectrometry based multi-mycotoxin methods. This critical review aims to briefly discuss the most important recent developments and trends in mycotoxin determination as well as to address limitations of presented methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Berthiller
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism and Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - C. Brera
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety – GMO and Mycotoxins Unit, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - M.H. Iha
- Adolfo Lutz Institute of Ribeirão Preto, Nucleous of Chemistry and Bromatology Science, Rua Minas 866, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14085-410, Brazil
| | - R. Krska
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism and Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - V.M.T. Lattanzio
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Via Amendola 122/o, 700126 Bari, Italy
| | - S. MacDonald
- Fera Science Ltd., Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - R.J. Malone
- Trilogy Analytical Laboratory, 870 Vossbrink Dr, Washington, MO 63090, USA
| | - C. Maragos
- USDA-ARS-NCAUR, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 N. University St, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - M. Solfrizzo
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Via Amendola 122/o, 700126 Bari, Italy
| | - M. Stranska-Zachariasova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - J. Stroka
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Retieseweg, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - S.A. Tittlemier
- Canadian Grain Commission, Grain Research Laboratory, 1404-303 Main St, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3G8, Canada
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19
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Rodríguez-Cabo T, Casado J, Rodríguez I, Ramil M, Cela R. Selective extraction and determination of neonicotinoid insecticides in wine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1460:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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