1
|
Flore G, Deledda A, Lombardo M, Armani A, Velluzzi F. Effects of Functional and Nutraceutical Foods in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet in Patients Diagnosed with Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1845. [PMID: 37891924 PMCID: PMC10603973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies report that breast cancer survivors (BCS) tend to have a poor diet, as fruit, vegetable, and legume consumption is often reduced, resulting in a decreased intake of nutraceuticals. Moreover, weight gain has been commonly described among BCS during treatment, increasing recurrence rate and mortality. Improving lifestyle and nutrition after the diagnosis of BC may have important benefits on patients' general health and on specific clinical outcomes. The Mediterranean diet (MD), known for its multiple beneficial effects on health, can be considered a nutritional pool comprising several nutraceuticals: bioactive compounds and foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Recent scientific advances have led to the identification of nutraceuticals that could amplify the benefits of the MD and favorably influence gene expression in these patients. Nutraceuticals could have beneficial effects in the postdiagnostic phase of BC, including helping to mitigate the adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Moreover, the MD could be a valid and easy-to-follow option for managing excess weight. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the recent scientific literature on the possible beneficial effects of consuming functional and nutraceutical foods in the framework of MD in BCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Flore
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (A.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Andrea Deledda
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (A.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (A.D.); (F.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sneak-peek into iron deficiency anemia in India: The need for food-based interventions and enhancing iron bioavailability. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
3
|
Kaur N, Agarwal A, Sabharwal M. Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:2094-2107. [PMID: 36387591 PMCID: PMC9641006 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A rising trend in the global prevalence of anaemia is still prevailing. To combat micronutrient deficiencies, World Health Organisation/Food Agriculture Organisation (2006) guidelines recommended four chief strategies - supplementation, fortification, nutrition education and dietary diversity. Of the four strategies, food fortification has been considered as the most efficacious and economical approach. However, it is the directives themselves that highlight two major bottlenecks associated with conventional fortification - uniform dissemination of the fortifier in food vehicle that mostly include staple foods, and internal and external compliance evaluation of fortification regulations and standards by the producers. As a result, researchers envisaged a new strategy - Food-to-food fortification that complements conventional fortification. This strategy involves fortification of food vehicles with nutrient-rich food-based fortifiers. The major advantage of utilising food-based fortifiers is that they hold the potential of enhancing the bioavailability of the fortified food and providing additional nutrients and thus, resulting in dietary diversification. It also facilitates the utilisation of underutilised crops as food-based fortifiers. Underutilised crops have been recognised as potential beneficial food source accounting to their nutritional, ecological, and fiscal benefits. This review paper delves into the strengths and shortcomings of conventional iron fortification. It delineates the concept of food-to-food fortification, while precisely discussing about the best practices to be followed to address the possible challenges associated with this strategy. It also promotes the utilisation of underutilised iron rich foods to develop fortified foods and avert global food insecurity. Furthermore, it provides a summary of the studies conducted around the world to develop fortified foods using iron compounds and iron-rich foods, and to investigate their efficacy in managing iron deficiency anaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naman Kaur
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Aparna Agarwal
- Food Technology, Department of Food and Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Manisha Sabharwal
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi, 110001, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pan Y, Li H, Shahidi F, Luo T, Deng Z. Interactions among dietary phytochemicals and nutrients: Role of cell membranes. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
5
|
Xie Q, Zhang J, Liu Y, Yang Y, Wei Y, Jiang S, Cui D, Zhou Q. Study on the Absorption and Immunity Regulation of Simulated Breast Milk Nutrients in Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:769846. [PMID: 35369067 PMCID: PMC8965348 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.769846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since infant formula (IF) manufacturers aim to produce a product as close to breast milk as possible, fortified nutrients are usually added. Generally, an IF is produced by adjusting the types and proportions of vitamins and minerals. This study comparatively examined the content of the six nutrients in different compound forms in vivo and evaluated the effect of different nutrient pack groups on immunity and growth. The results indicated that the simulated-human milk nutrients [minerals zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), and vitamins A, E, and B1] were more easily absorbed by the body while effectively regulating immunity. This study provides a scientific foundation for developing, manufacturing, and applying imitation-breast formula milk powder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Xie
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Wei
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Dongying Cui
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dongying Cui
| | - Qile Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Qile Zhou
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patel S, Chopra S, Chaurasia S, Sarwat M. PLANT BASED BIOAVAILABILITY ENHANCERS. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:642-654. [PMID: 35023453 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220112141355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Many of the synthetic as well as herbal drugs despite of their notable in vitro finding demonstrate insignificant in vivo activity majority of times due to poor bioavailability. As per Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) one of the main concern is low solubility and/or permeation of drugs resulting in reduced absorption and poor bioavailability. To overcome these issues the various strategies have been adopted including use of permeation enhancers which are also known as bioenhancers. Bioenhancers are synthetic or natural compounds that increases the bioavailability of drugs and nutrients such as vitamins, amino acids, minerals, etc. into the systemic circulation and at the site of action for exhibiting improved therapeutic action. By improving bioavailability, bioenhancers can lead to reduction in drug dose, decrease in the treatment period and can circumvent the problem of drug resistance. Numerous studies have reported application of synthetic bioenhancers. On the other hand, owing to the natural origin, plant based bioenhancer can serve as better alternative. Literature review have revealed that the plant-based bioenhancers have been used in with a wide varieties of drugs including antibiotics, antiviral and anti-cancer. These can be categorized based on their sources and the mechanism of activity. This review will provide a systematic and detailed overview of the various plant based bioenhancers and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Patel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Albama, Birmingham AL 35294, USA
| | - Shruti Chopra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201313, India
| | - Simran Chaurasia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab -151001, India
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201313, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brigide P, Torres LCR, Canniati Brazaca SG, Figliuzzi RS, Costa NMB. Bioaccessibility of minerals in combinations of biofortified foods with Fe, Zn and vitamin A. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:4083-4090. [PMID: 34538892 PMCID: PMC8405767 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-04966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Initiatives to improve the nutritional quality of staple foods, such as beans and cassava by bio fortification should be encouraged as an alternative to overcome the deficiencies of iron and vitamin A. The evaluation of the bio accessibility of the minerals in these foods is also important, since the composition of nutrients does not necessarily correspond to the amount absorbed and metabolized in the body. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the bio accessibility of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in the presence of β-carotene in combinations of bio fortified food sources of Fe and Zn (cowpea cooked with and without maceration: CM/CW, respectively) and β-carotene (cooked cassava and cassava flour: CC/CF, respectively). The mixtures, after cooking, were analyzed for the centesimal composition and minerals, phytates, the percentage of iron and zinc bio accessibility by in vitro method and molar ratio. The mixtures presented significant amounts of proteins, carbohydrates and fibers. The β-carotene content showed no statistical difference in processing methods. The Fe content showed lower levels in the controls with cassava flour and its bio accessibility was also lower for treatment with cassava flour with CM, while for Zn or higher content it was used for treatment CW/CF, differing only from the treatment CW/CC, although their bio accessibilities were not different, except to iron in CMCC treatment. Both the IP6 fraction and the IP5 fraction did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05) between the treatments, it suggests no interference in bio accessibility. A diet rich in iron and vitamin A in adequate amounts with minimal content of absorption inhibitors can be effective in controlling iron deficiency. Bio fortified mixtures must be encouraged in different forms of consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Brigide
- Post-Graduation Program On Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Alto Universitário s/n, Alegre, ES CEP 29500-000 Brazil
| | - Larissa Catelli Rocha Torres
- Post-Graduation Program On Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP Brazil
| | - Solange Guidolin Canniati Brazaca
- Post-Graduation Program On Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP Brazil
| | - Renata Silva Figliuzzi
- Graduation of Biology, Universityof Espírito Santo (UFES), Alto Universitário s/n, Alegre, ES CEP 29500-000 Brazil
| | - Neuza Maria Brunoro Costa
- Post-Graduation Program On Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Alto Universitário s/n, Alegre, ES CEP 29500-000 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kurpad AV, Ghosh S, Thomas T, Bandyopadhyay S, Goswami R, Gupta A, Gupta P, John AT, Kapil U, Kulkarni B, Kuriyan R, Madan J, Makkar S, Nair KM, Pullakhandam R, Reddy GB, Shah D, Sachdev HS. Perspective: When the cure might become the malady: the layering of multiple interventions with mandatory micronutrient fortification of foods in India. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1261-1266. [PMID: 34320172 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
When public health programs with single nutrients are perceived to have a poor impact on the target health outcome, the policy response can be to supply more, by layering additional mandatory programs upon the extant programs. However, we argue for extreme caution, because nutrients (like medicines) are beneficial in the right dose, but potentially harmful when ingested in excess. Unnecessary motivations for the reactionary layering of multiple intervention programs emerge from incorrect measurements of the risk of nutrient inadequacy in the population, or incorrect biomarker cutoffs to evaluate the extent of nutrient deficiencies. The financial and social costs of additional layered programs are not trivial when traded off with other vital programs in a resource-poor economy, and when public health ethical dilemmas of autonomy, equity, and stigma are not addressed. An example of this conundrum in India is the perception of stagnancy in the response of the prevalence of anemia to the ongoing pharmacological iron supplementation program. The reaction has been a policy proposal to further increase iron intake through mandatory iron fortification of the rice provided in supplementary feeding programs like the Integrated Child Development Services and the School Mid-Day Meal. This is in addition to the ongoing pharmacological iron supplementation as well as other voluntary iron fortifications, such as those of salt and manufactured food products. However, before supplying more, it is vital to consider why the existing program is apparently not working, along with consideration of the potential for excess intake and related harms. This is relevant globally, particularly for countries contemplating multiple interventions to address micronutrient deficiencies. Supplying more by layering multiple nutrient interventions, instead of doing it right, without thoughtful considerations of social, biological, and ethics frameworks could be counterproductive. The cure, then, might well become the malady.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anura V Kurpad
- Department of Physiology, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India.,Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Santu Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Tinku Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sulagna Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravinder Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Gupta
- Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India (BPNI), New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjaly T John
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Umesh Kapil
- Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bharati Kulkarni
- Clinical Division, National Institute of Nutrition-ICMR, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rebecca Kuriyan
- Department of Physiology, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India.,Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Jagmeet Madan
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science, SNDT Women's University, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanchit Makkar
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Raghu Pullakhandam
- Clinical Division, National Institute of Nutrition-ICMR, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Dheeraj Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Amoakoah Twum L, Ocloo FC, Duah-Bisiw D, Odai BT. Determining the effect of heat treatment on iron fortified soybean gari blend and its potential bioavailability. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
10
|
McClements DJ, Grossmann L. The science of plant-based foods: Constructing next-generation meat, fish, milk, and egg analogs. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:4049-4100. [PMID: 34056859 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly demanding foods that are more ethical, sustainable and nutritious to improve the health of themselves and the planet. The food industry is currently undergoing a revolution, as both small and large companies pivot toward the creation of a new generation of plant-based products to meet this consumer demand. In particular, there is an emphasis on the production of plant-based foods that mimic those that omnivores are familiar with, such as meat, fish, egg, milk, and their products. The main challenge in this area is to simulate the desirable appearance, texture, flavor, mouthfeel, and functionality of these products using ingredients that are isolated entirely from botanical sources, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The molecular, chemical, and physical properties of plant-derived ingredients are usually very different from those of animal-derived ones. It is therefore critical to understand the fundamental properties of plant-derived ingredients and how they can be assembled into structures resembling those found in animal products. This review article provides an overview of the current status of the scientific understanding of plant-based foods and highlights areas where further research is required. In particular, it focuses on the chemical, physical, and functional properties of plant-derived ingredients; the processing operations that can be used to convert these ingredients into food products; and, the science behind the formulation of vegan meat, fish, eggs, and milk alternatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lutz Grossmann
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang J, Wu L, Yang H, Pan Y. Using the Major Components (Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin) of Phyllostachys praecox Bamboo Shoot as Dietary Fiber. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:669136. [PMID: 33869163 PMCID: PMC8044402 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.669136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bamboo shoots are a renewable and abundant biomass containing cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Although many studies have explored the applications of each of these components in the preparation of biochemicals and biopolymers, few studies have evaluated the utility of these components as a dietary fiber supplement. In this study, a powder consisting of the main components of bamboo shoots (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) was prepared from fresh Phyllostachys praecox shoots and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. To evaluate the potential utility of these components as a dietary fiber supplement, we conducted an experiment in which this powder was supplemented in the diet of mice for 7 weeks. The experiment included three diet groups (n = 10/group): a low-fat control diet (LFC), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet with bamboo shoot powder (HFBSP). Compared with HFD mice, the body weights of LFC and HFBSP mice were lower, indicating that the addition of bamboo shoot powder could reduce the weight gain associated with the HFD. Bamboo shoot powder supplementation could also reduce the levels of triglycerides (TG), blood glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in HFD mice. The fat histology images indicated that obesity was alleviated in HFBSP mice, and the liver histology images indicated that the addition of bamboo shoot powder to the HFD could reduce the risk of fatty liver disease. The addition of bamboo shoot powder to the HFD might also improve the gut microbiota of mice. Thus, the major components of bamboo shoot powder (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) could be used as beneficial natural additives in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlai Yang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangru Wu
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Yang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Pan
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Seconda L, Fouillet H, Huneau JF, Pointereau P, Baudry J, Langevin B, Lairon D, Allès B, Touvier M, Hercberg S, Mariotti F, Kesse-Guyot E. Conservative to disruptive diets for optimizing nutrition, environmental impacts and cost in French adults from the NutriNet-Santé cohort. NATURE FOOD 2021; 2:174-182. [PMID: 37117444 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Improving the sustainability of diets requires the identification of diets that meet the nutritional requirements of populations, promote health, are within planetary boundaries, are affordable and are acceptable. Here we explore the extent to which dimensions of sustainability could be optimally aligned and identify more sustainable dietary solutions, from the most conservative to the most disruptive, among 12,166 participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort. We aim to concomitantly lower environmental impacts (including greenhouse gas emissions, cumulative energy demand and land occupation), increase organic food consumption and study departure from observed diets (considered as a proxy for acceptability). From the most conservative to the most disruptive scenario, optimized diets were gradually richer in fruits, vegetables and soya-based products and markedly poorer in animal-based foods and fatty and sweet foods. The contribution of animal protein to total protein intake gradually decreased by 12% to 70% of the observed value. The greenhouse gas emissions from food production for the diets gradually decreased across scenarios (as a percentage of observed values) by 36-86%, land occupation for food production by 32-78% and energy demand by 28-72%. Our results offer a benchmark of scenarios of graded dietary changes against graded sustainability improvements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Seconda
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, IINRAE, CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- ADEME (Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie), Angers, France
| | - Helene Fouillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Julia Baudry
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, IINRAE, CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France.
| | | | - Denis Lairon
- C2VN, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, IINRAE, CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, IINRAE, CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, IINRAE, CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - François Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, IINRAE, CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Differentiated Caco-2 cell models in food-intestine interaction study: Current applications and future trends. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
14
|
Jacobs ET, Foote JA, Kohler LN, Skiba MB, Thomson CA. Re-examination of dairy as a single commodity in US dietary guidance. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:225-234. [PMID: 31904838 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dairy products have been a key component of dietary guidance in the United States for more than 100 years. In light of major advances in the understanding of dietary intake and metabolism, the aim of this review was to examine whether dairy should remain a single commodity in federal guidance. Considerations include recognizing that a substantial proportion of the world's adult population (65%-70%) exhibits lactase nonpersistence, a reduced ability to metabolize lactose to glucose and galactose. Shifts in the US population, including a greater proportion of African Americans and Asians, are of key importance because several studies have shown a markedly higher prevalence of lactase nonpersistence and, consequently, a lower dairy intake among these groups. While cow's milk alternatives are available, families who use them will pay up to an additional $1400 per year compared with those who are able to consume dairy products. Dietary guidance also contains downstream effects for government assistance, such as the US Department of Agriculture's National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program. For reasons like these, Canada has recently removed dairy as a separate food group in national dietary guidance. The results of the present review suggest that consideration of this modification when developing population-level guidelines in the United States is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth T Jacobs
- E.T. Jacobs, J.A. Foote, L.N. Kohler, M.B. Skiba, and C.A. Thomson are with the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,E.T. Jacobs and C.A. Thomson are with the University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,E.T. Jacobs and C.A. Thomson are with the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Janet A Foote
- E.T. Jacobs, J.A. Foote, L.N. Kohler, M.B. Skiba, and C.A. Thomson are with the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,J.A. Foote is with the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona-Phoenix Campus, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Lindsay N Kohler
- E.T. Jacobs, J.A. Foote, L.N. Kohler, M.B. Skiba, and C.A. Thomson are with the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Meghan B Skiba
- E.T. Jacobs, J.A. Foote, L.N. Kohler, M.B. Skiba, and C.A. Thomson are with the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- E.T. Jacobs, J.A. Foote, L.N. Kohler, M.B. Skiba, and C.A. Thomson are with the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,E.T. Jacobs and C.A. Thomson are with the University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,E.T. Jacobs and C.A. Thomson are with the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dima C, Assadpour E, Dima S, Jafari SM. Nutraceutical nanodelivery; an insight into the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of different bioactive compounds loaded within nanocarriers. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3031-3065. [PMID: 32691612 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1792409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanofoods is a current concept that is based on the application of nanotechnologies in the preparation of safe foods, with superior nutritional and sensory characteristics, and capable of providing multiple health benefits. In line with the principles of this concept, food scientists have focused on developing new types of nano biosystems that can contribute to increasing the bioavailability of bioactive compounds used in food fortification. Numerous research teams have investigated the main factors limiting oral bioavailability including: bioaccessibility, absorption and transformation of bioactive compounds and bioactive-loaded nanocarriers. The physicochemical processes involved in the factors limiting oral bioavailability have been extensively studied, such asthe release, solubility and interaction of bioactive compounds and nanocarriers during food digestion, transport mechanisms of bioactive compounds and nanoparticles through intestinal epithelial cells as well as the chemical and biochemical transformations in phase I and phase II reactions. In this comprehensive review, the physicochemical processes involved in the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of different encapsulated bioactive compounds, that play an important role in human health, will be explained including polyphenols, phytosterols, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals. In particular, the mechanisms involved in the cellular uptake of bioactive-loaded nanocarriers including transcellular transport (diffusion, endocytosis, pinocytosis, transcytosis, phagocytosis), paracellular transport (through the "tight junctions" between epithelial cells), and the active transport of bioactive compounds under the action of membrane transporters are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dima
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Stefan Dima
- Faculty of Science and Environment, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xia Q, Tao H, Li Y, Pan D, Cao J, Liu L, Zhou X, Barba FJ. Characterizing physicochemical, nutritional and quality attributes of wholegrain Oryza sativa L. subjected to high intensity ultrasound-stimulated pre-germination. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
17
|
Meinhart AD, Damin FM, Caldeirão L, de Jesus Filho M, da Silva LC, da Silva Constant L, Filho JT, Wagner R, Godoy HT. Chlorogenic and caffeic acids in 64 fruits consumed in Brazil. Food Chem 2019; 286:51-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
18
|
Nair KPM, Augustine LF. Country-specific nutrient requirements & recommended dietary allowances for Indians: Current status & future directions. Indian J Med Res 2019; 148:522-530. [PMID: 30666979 PMCID: PMC6366259 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1762_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient requirements and recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) are set and revised periodically by the Indian Council of Medical Research. These are meant to guide the population and provide policy directions regarding nutrient requirements corresponding to a healthy population. This review article provides an overview of the current recommendations (RDA, 2010) and the challenges faced by the committee to contextualize RDA to the Indian scenario which has a background of double burden of malnutrition, diverse dietary habits but predominantly home-based cereal-pulse vegetarian diet with low bioavailability of several nutrients and lower consumption of packaged fortified foods. The need for country-specific requirements and harmonization of methodologies related to nutrient requirements and RDA are also discussed. The recommendations fixed for iron have been provided in detail as an example. The measures to carry forward RDA revisions to ensure its sustainability have been emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Little Flower Augustine
- Tata-NIN Centre for Excellence in Community Nutrition, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Moslemi M, Hosseini H, Neyestani TR, Akramzadeh N, Mazaheri Nezhad Fard R. Effects of non-digestive polymers used in iron encapsulation on calcium and iron apparent absorption in rats fed by infant formula. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:393-398. [PMID: 30262310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia is a common problem of all ages in developed and developing countries. Various strategies are used by governments and industries to solve this problem. One of these strategies is iron fortification. In the present study, novel iron microcapsules were designed without any changes in their effects on other ingredients in infant milk formulas. Resistant starch-pectin-iron and pectin-iron microparticles were added to infant powdered milk models. Furthermore, animal studies were carried out. Fecal iron and calcium were assessed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, respectively. Then, apparent iron and calcium absorptions were calculated. Sensory evaluation was carried out on reconstituted powdered milks. Results showed that iron absorption in rats treated by pectin-coated particles was significantly higher than that in controls with no significant effects on calcium absorption. No significant differences were observed in sensory evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Moslemi
- Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, No. 30, Vahid Nazari St., Fakhre Razi St., Enghelab St., Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Shahid Farahzadi Blvd., Shahid Hafezi St. (Western Arghavan), Ghods Town, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tirang Reza Neyestani
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Shahid Farahzadi Blvd., Shahid Hafezi St. (Western Arghavan), Ghods Town, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Akramzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technologies, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Shahid Farahzadi Blvd., Shahid Hafezi St. (Western Arghavan), Ghods Town, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard
- Division of Food Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour Sina St., Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran; Food Microbiology Research Centre, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour Sina St., Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kachmar MR, Oliveira AP, Valentão P, Gil-Izquierdo A, Domínguez-Perles R, Ouahbi A, Badaoui KE, Andrade PB, Ferreres F. HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS n phenolic profile and in vitro biological potential of Centaurium erythraea Rafn aqueous extract. Food Chem 2018; 278:424-433. [PMID: 30583393 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Centaurium erythraea Rafn is a food flavouring used in both food and beverage industries. Despite the existence of some works on this species, only few focus their attention on its common form of consumption (infusion). Thus, we intended to explore the chemical composition and the biological properties of infusions from C. erythraea aerial parts. Phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn, twenty-two flavonoid derivatives being reported for the first time. Concerning to the biological potential, the best scavenging activity was observed for the superoxide anion radical. Moreover, this extract revealed to have some effect on the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, no cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7 macrophage cells line, and a weak potential to decrease the nitric oxide levels in this cell system. The results suggest that C. erythraea aerial parts could be valuable sources of health benefits compounds, contributing to its valorisation and its further application in functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R Kachmar
- Plant Protection Team, Laboratory of Environmental and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Andreia P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Angel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Abdelilah Ouahbi
- Plant Protection Team, Laboratory of Environmental and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Khalid El Badaoui
- Plant Protection Team, Laboratory of Environmental and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang SQ, Yu XF, Zhang HB, Peng N, Chen ZX, Cheng Q, Zhang XL, Cheng SH, Zhang Y. Comparison of the Oral Absorption, Distribution, Excretion, and Bioavailability of Zinc Sulfate, Zinc Gluconate, and Zinc-Enriched Yeast in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700981. [PMID: 29457347 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The oral absorption, distribution, excretion, and bioavailability of zinc sulfate (ZnS), zinc gluconate (ZnG), and zinc-enriched yeast (ZnY) in rats are fully and systemically compared for the first time. METHODS AND RESULTS After zinc compounds were orally administered to rats at a single dose of 4 mg Zn kg-1 , blood, tissues, urine, and feces at different time points were collected for the quantification of zinc concentration. Blood was also harvested for the zinc assay in the multiple-dose administration. Plasma zinc levels among three zinc compounds showed no difference, and zinc was widely distributed in various tissues with the level sequence of bone > liver > pancreas > testes. The net Zn balance was 2.993, 5.125, and 7.482% for ZnS, ZnG, and ZnY, respectively. CONCLUSION ZnS, ZnG, and ZnY show equivalent bioavailability based on plasma and tissues zinc levels, although ZnY was statistically more absorbed and retained than ZnS and ZnG based on the excretion amount.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Qing Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Feng Yu
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| | - Ning Peng
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Chen
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| | - Sui-Han Cheng
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Grundy MML, Fardet A, Tosh SM, Rich GT, Wilde PJ. Processing of oat: the impact on oat's cholesterol lowering effect. Food Funct 2018; 9:1328-1343. [PMID: 29431835 PMCID: PMC5885279 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo02006f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological and interventional studies have clearly demonstrated the beneficial impact of consuming oat and oat-based products on serum cholesterol and other markers of cardiovascular disease. The cholesterol-lowering effect of oat is thought to be associated with the β-glucan it contains. However, not all food products containing β-glucan seem to lead to the same health outcome. Overall, highly processed β-glucan sources (where the oat tissue is highly disrupted) appear to be less effective at reducing serum cholesterol, but the reasons are not well understood. Therefore, the mechanisms involved still need further clarification. The purpose of this paper is to review current evidence of the cholesterol-lowering effect of oat in the context of the structure and complexity of the oat matrix. The possibility of a synergistic action and interaction between the oat constituents promoting hypocholesterolaemia is also discussed. A review of the literature suggested that for a similar dose of β-glucan, (1) liquid oat-based foods seem to give more consistent, but moderate reductions in cholesterol than semi-solid or solid foods where the results are more variable; (2) the quantity of β-glucan and the molecular weight at expected consumption levels (∼3 g day-1) play a role in cholesterol reduction; and (3) unrefined β-glucan-rich oat-based foods (where some of the plant tissue remains intact) often appear more efficient at lowering cholesterol than purified β-glucan added as an ingredient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam M-L Grundy
- Food and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UA, UK.
| | - Anthony Fardet
- INRA, JRU 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand & Université de Clermont, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Susan M Tosh
- University of Ottawa, Université, Salle 118, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada.
| | - Gillian T Rich
- Food and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UA, UK.
| | - Peter J Wilde
- Food and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kovarovič J, Bystrická J, Tomáš J, Lenková M. The influence of variety on the content of bioactive compounds in beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). POTRAVINARSTVO 2017. [DOI: 10.5219/702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetable are widespread throughout the world and is a major part of the human diet. From the perspective of agricultural crops that belong to the group of Beta vulgaris (beetroot, mangold, sugar beets, fodder beet) are first-rate vegetables. Especially popular is used in the food industry for the production of sugar, various vegetable juices, coloring agents, and many other products. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is considered one of the ten most important vegetable in the world, thanks to the content of rare natural pigments (betalains), polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and fiber. In this work we evaluated content of bioactive substances, especially the content of total polyphenols, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity in several varieties (Cylindra, Kahira, Chioggia, Crosby Egyptian) of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). Samples of plant material were collected at full maturity stages from areas of Zeleneč (Czech Republic). Zeleneč is area without negative influences and emission sources. Samples of fresh beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) were homogenized and were prepared as an extract: 50 g cut beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extracted by 100 mL 80% ethanol for sixteen hours. These extracts were used for analyses. The content of the total polyphenols was determined by using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR). The absorbance was measured at 765 nm of wavelength against blank. The content of total anthocyanins was measured at 520 nm wavelength of the blank. Antioxidant activity was measured using a compound DPPH˙ (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) at 515.6 nm in the spectrophotometer. In the present experiment it was detected, that total polyphenols content in samples ranges from 218.00 mg.kg-1 to 887.75 mg.kg-1, total anthocyanins content in samples ranges from 14.48 ±0.40 mg.kg-1 to 84.50 ±4.71 mg.kg-1 and values of antioxidant activity were in interval from 8.37 ±0.29% to 21.83 ±0.35%.
Collapse
|