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Liu J, Nie Y, Niu Y, Li L, Jing X. Lignin-based emulsive liquid-liquid microextraction for detecting triazole fungicides in water, juice, vinegar, and alcoholic beverages via UHPLC-MS/MS. Food Chem 2024; 459:140407. [PMID: 39018619 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
A universal, green, and rapid lignin-based emulsive liquid-liquid microextraction (ELLME) method was established to detect nine triazole fungicides in water, juice, vinegar, and alcoholic beverages via UHPLC-MS/MS. By employing an environmentally friendly emulsifier (lignin), the proposed ELLME was compatible with more extractants, and not restricted to fatty acids. Due to the high amphiphilic properties and three-dimensional structure of lignin, the emulsion was quickly formed through several aspirate-dispense cycles of the green extractant (guaiacol) and lignin solution. And a micropipette was used for rapid microextraction. The limit of detection was 0.0002-0.0057 μg L-1. The extraction recoveries and relative standard deviation were 81.7%-102.0% and 0.9%-7.1%, respectively. Finally, three green metric tools were used to verify the greenness of the whole procedure. The proposed lignin-based ELLME successfully emulsified green solvents, indicating that emerging solvents may be excellent alternatives as extractants in ELLME for pesticide residue analysis in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
| | - Yuanjun Nie
- Agricultural Economics and Management College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yu Niu
- Agricultural Economics and Management College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Li Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
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Kachangoon R, Vichapong J, Santaladchaiyakit Y. Surfactant modified coconut husk fiber as a green alternative sorbent for micro-solid phase extraction of triazole fungicides at trace level in environmental water, soybean milk, fruit juice and alcoholic beverage samples. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7290-7302. [PMID: 38433941 PMCID: PMC10905518 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07506k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, micro-solid phase extraction using surfactant modified biosorbent was investigated for trace level determination of triazole fungicides prior to their analysis by high performance liquid chromatography. Coconut husk fiber (CHF) was selected as an effective biosorbent in the extraction process. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods were used to characterize the modified biosorbent. Various factors affecting the extraction efficiency of the proposed method were studied including the amount of coconut husk fiber biosorbent (0.1 g), kind and concentration of surfactant as a modifier (sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10 mmol L-1), kind and volume of desorption solvent (methanol, 150 μL), and extraction period (including vortex adsorption time, centrifugation adsorption time, vortex desorption time and centrifugation adsorption time approximately 10 min). Under the selected conditions, the calibration plot was found to be linear in the range of 9-300 μg L-1 with a coefficient for determination of greater than 0.99. The limits of detection and limits of quantification for the studied triazole fungicides were 3.00 and 9.00 μg L-1, respectively. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to determine triazole fungicides in environmental water, soybean milk, fruit juice and alcoholic beverage samples with acceptable recoveries obtained in the range of 67.0% to 105.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawikan Kachangoon
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand +66 4375 4246 +66 4375 4246
| | - Jitlada Vichapong
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand +66 4375 4246 +66 4375 4246
- Multidisplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry (MRUPAC), Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
| | - Yanawath Santaladchaiyakit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus Khon Kaen 40000 Thailand
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Wang Q, Wu Y, Guo W, Zhang F, Zhang F. A magnetic covalent organic framework as selective adsorbent for preconcentration of multi strobilurin fungicides in foods. Food Chem 2022; 392:133190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Manouchehri M, Seidi S, Naseri MT, Rouhollahi A. Trace determination of antifungal drugs in biological fluids through a developed approach of hydrogel-based spin-column micro-solid-phase extraction followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:594-601. [PMID: 34714600 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present research, a blended polyacrylamide-chitosan hydrogel was synthesized. For the first time, the prepared sorbent was efficiently employed in a hydrogel-based spin-column setup as a promising format. The proposed method was applied for monitoring the trace amounts of ketoconazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole in blood samples. Effective adsorption and desorption parameters were optimized using a central composite design and the one-variable-at-a-time method. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the range of 15.0-1000.0, 1.0-1000.0, and 2.0-1000.0 ng mL-1 for ketoconazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole, respectively, along with intra- and interday precision less than 8.4%. Limits of detection were obtained between 0.2 and 5.0 ng mL-1 . The preconcentration factors were found in the range of 5.9-7.8. The introduced method was successfully applied for micro-solid-phase extraction of trace amounts of target antifungal drugs in blood samples, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Satisfactory relative recoveries of 94.5-103.5% were obtained, implying method reliability. Overall, the proposed method provides good accuracy and repeatability, high reusability, and good applicability to determine antifungal drugs in complex biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Manouchehri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Seidi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Naseri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Rouhollahi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Li X, Li B, Chen M, Yan M, Cao X, Yin J, Zhang Z. Preparation of magnetic zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 for magnetic solid-phase extraction of strobilurin fungicides from environmental water samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:2943-2950. [PMID: 34110334 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, magnetic zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 composites were synthesized by a simple in situ method and then used for the first time as an adsorbent in magnetic solid-phase extraction for extracting multiple strobilurin fungicides. The magnetic composites were characterized in detail. The results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were attached on the surface of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 with a uniform particle size of 150-200 nm and that the magnetic composites possessed a perfect molecular transfer rate towards strobilurin fungicides. The parameters of the magnetic solid-phase extraction process, including solution pH, adsorption time, solution volume, elution solvent, and elution volume, were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the recoveries of all five fungicides fell within the range 80.8-109.0% with spiking levels of 10, 20 and 50 ng mL-1. A magnetic solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method based on the magnetic composites was established and confirmed to be simple, time-efficient and highly sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Bingzhi Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Min Chen
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, 265500, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Yan
- Institution of Quality Standard Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Cao
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Jungang Yin
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China.
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Yuling Gao, Liang X, Sun P, Guo Y. Determination of Butachlor and Fipronil in Liquid Milk Using Ionic Liquid Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Coupled with Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820110064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Musarurwa H, Tavengwa NT. Deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction of pesticides in food samples. Food Chem 2020; 342:127943. [PMID: 33041169 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents are versatile, green and new generation solvents that can be used during dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction techniques for pesticides. They have tunable physico-chemical properties that can be easily changed by varying the ratios of hydrogen bond donors and hydrogen bond acceptors in their structures. Deep eutectic solvents are non-flammable, chemically and thermally stable solvents with low vapour pressure. Thus, they have characteristics that are similar to those of ionic liquids. However, they have simpler synthetic procedures, less expensive and are more biodegradable than ionic liquids. One of the limitations of deep eutectic solvents is their toxicity to the environment but they are less toxic than ionic liquids. This paper gives a focused and comprehensive recent review on the applications of deep eutectic solvents during dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction of pesticides in food samples for the period starting from 2016 to 2020. Emphasis was placed on the modifications done to the deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction techniques in order to enhance their greenness during pesticide pre-concentration in food samples. In addition, hyphenated dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction techniques were also reviewed and lastly, the paper outlined the challenges associated with the use of DESs during the DLLME techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Musarurwa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Nikita Tawanda Tavengwa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa.
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Huang X, Du Z, Wu B, Jia L, Wang X, Jing X. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplets for HPLC determination of three strobilurin fungicides in cereals. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1279-1288. [PMID: 32436780 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1758349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of floating organic droplets, combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (DLLME-SFOD-HPLC), was developed for the detection of strobilurin fungicides (azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and trifloxystrobin) in cereals. Natural fatty acids were used as an extractant and have low toxicity, density, and freezing point. The extractant nonanoic acid was evenly dispersed as droplets in sample solution and was then solidified in the upper layer of sample solution after centrifugation and ice bath, which improved the extraction and collection efficiency. The dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure was optimised by univariate analysis and the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. Optimum conditions were as follows: the volume of nonanoic acid was 82 μL, the volume of acetonitrile was 620 μL, and the amount of salt was 256 mg. Under optimised conditions, the method had good linearity with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.997, and the limit of detection was 2.57-4.87 μg kg-1. The recoveries of azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and trifloxystrobin in rice, corn, and wheat were 82.0%-93.2%, and the relative standard deviations were 1.6%-7.4%. Therefore, the method was successfully applied to detect target fungicides in cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University , Taigu, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyi Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University , Taigu, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Beiqi Wu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia
| | - Liyan Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University , Taigu, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University , Taigu, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University , Taigu, Shanxi, P.R. China
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9
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Li X, Cao X, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Jiang Z, Yin J. Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbents for solid‐phase extraction of strobilurin fungicides from agricultural products. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2133-2141. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- College of Life ScienceYantai University Yantai P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Cao
- College of Life ScienceYantai University Yantai P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- College of Life ScienceYantai University Yantai P. R. China
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Life ScienceYantai University Yantai P. R. China
| | - Zejun Jiang
- College of Life SciencesChina Jiliang University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jungang Yin
- College of Life ScienceYantai University Yantai P. R. China
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10
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Nasiri M, Ahmadzadeh H, Amiri A. Sample preparation and extraction methods for pesticides in aquatic environments: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zeng H, Xie X, Huang Y, Chen J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Mai X, Deng J, Fan H, Zhang W. Enantioseparation and determination of triazole fungicides in vegetables and fruits by aqueous two-phase extraction coupled with online heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2019; 301:125265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Klara K, Brianna G, Fisher S, Kubátová A. Optimization of Electrospray Ionization for Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Preservatives in Wood Leachate Matrix. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Liu W, Quan J. A Novel Ionic Liquid of [BeMIM] [Tf2N] for Extracting Pesticides Residues in Tea Sample by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Owczarek K, Szczepańska N, Płotka-Wasylka J, Namieśnik J. New Achievements in the Field of Extraction of Trace Analytes from Samples Characterized by Complex Composition of the Matrix. GREEN CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9105-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Li J, Hu S, Wang R, Bai X. Salt-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for enhancing the concentration of matrine alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3590-3597. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Xuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Shuang Hu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Runqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Xiaohong Bai
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
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Abril C, Martín J, Malvar JL, Santos JL, Aparicio I, Alonso E. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction as a new clean-up procedure for the determination of parabens, perfluorinated compounds, UV filters, biocides, surfactants, and plasticizers in root vegetables. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:5155-5163. [PMID: 29947903 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An analytical method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) clean-up has been developed and validated for the determination of 31 emerging pollutants in root vegetables. The target compounds were four preservatives, six perfluoroalkyl compounds, six UV filters, two biocides, eight anionic surfactants, three nonionic surfactants, and two plasticizers. The type and volume of the extraction solvent, those of the disperser solvent, the pH and NaCl content of the DLLME aqueous phase, the amount of sample, and the sonication time were optimized. Box-Behnken experimental design was applied to select the best extraction conditions. Matrix-matched calibration curves were used for quantification. Four internal standards were used to compensate for residual matrix effects. Good linearity (R2 > 0.990), accuracies (expressed as the relative recovery) of >82%, and precisions (expressed as the relative standard deviation) of <18% were achieved. Method quantification limits (MQLs), calculated from spiked samples as the concentrations corresponding to signal-to-noise ratios of 10, were in the range 0.1-25 ng g-1 dry weight (d.w.). MQL values for 26 of the 31 target compounds were lower than 5 ng g-1 d.w. The method was successfully applied to determine the target pollutants in carrots, potatoes, and turnips from a local market. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed method constitutes the first application of DLLME as a clean-up procedure for the multiresidue determination of emerging pollutants in vegetables. The method affords similar recoveries and method detection limits to previously reported methods but requires smaller solvent volumes and sample amounts and is less expensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Abril
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, C/ Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Seville, Spain
| | - Julia Martín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, C/ Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Seville, Spain
| | - José Luis Malvar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, C/ Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Santos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, C/ Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene Aparicio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, C/ Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Seville, Spain.
| | - Esteban Alonso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, C/ Virgen de África, 7, 41011, Seville, Spain
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Carbon-Based Fe₃O₄ Nanocomposites Derived from Waste Pomelo Peels for Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of 11 Triazole Fungicides in Fruit Samples. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8050302. [PMID: 29734765 PMCID: PMC5977316 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based Fe3O4 nanocomposites (C/Fe3O4 NCs) were synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method using waste pomelo peels as the carbon precursors. The characterization results showed that they had good structures and physicochemical properties. The prepared C/Fe3O4 NCs could be applied as excellent and recyclable adsorbents for magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of 11 triazole fungicides in fruit samples. In the MSPE procedure, several parameters including the amount of adsorbents, extraction time, the type and volume of desorption solvent, and desorption time were optimized in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the good linearity (R2 > 0.9916), the limits of detection (LOD), and quantification (LOQ) were obtained in the range of 1–100, 0.12–0.55, and 0.39–1.85 μg/kg for 11 pesticides, respectively. Lastly, the proposed MSPE method was successfully applied to analyze triazole fungicides in real apple, pear, orange, peach, and banana samples with recoveries in the range of 82.1% to 109.9% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 8.4%. Therefore, the C/Fe3O4 NCs based MSPE method has a great potential for isolating and pre-concentrating trace levels of triazole fungicides in fruits.
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Zhang Y, Xue X, Su S, Guo Z, Wang J, Ding L, Liu Y, Zhu J. A Multi-Class, Multi-Residue Method for Detection of Veterinary Drugs in Multiple Meat Using a Pass-Through Cleanup SPE Technique and UPLC-MS/MS Analysis. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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