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Heres A, Li Q, Toldrá F, Lametsch R, Mora L. Generation of kokumi γ-glutamyl short peptides in Spanish dry-cured ham during its processing. Meat Sci 2023; 206:109323. [PMID: 37708620 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The typical dry-cured ham flavor is rich in umami and brothy perceptions, for which short peptides may contribute. Particularly, γ-glutamyl peptides could be the responsible of these previously reported attributes, as they exert a synergistic interaction with other basic tastes and modify the intensity of salty, sweet, and umami tastes. The content of peptides has been reported to evolve along the processing, but no kokumi γ-glutamyl peptides have been identified in Spanish dry-cured hams yet. In this research, nine γ-glutamyl dipeptides (γ-EA, γ-EC, γ-EE, γ-EF, γ-EL, γ-EM, γ-EV, γ-EW, and γ-EY) and two γ-glutamyl tripeptides (GSH and γ-EVG) have been quantitated at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of traditional processing of Spanish dry-cured ham by performing a Q Exactive Orbitrap-based tandem mass spectrometry. The results show an increase of γ-EA, γ-EE, γ-EF, γ-EL, γ-EM and γ-EVG, obtaining maximums at 24 months of curing ranging from 0.14 (γ-EVG) to 18.86 (γ-EL) μg/g dry-cured ham. Otherwise, γ-EV, γ-EW and γ-EY accumulated until the 18th month of storage to 15.10, 0.54 and 3.17 μg/g dry-cured ham, respectively; whereas γ-EC and GSH amounts decreased starting from 0.0676 and 4.41 μg/g dry-cured ham, respectively at earlier stages. The concentration dynamics of these compounds may be linked with proteolytic and oxidative reactions during processing. In addition, due to their synergistic effect on kokumi activity, this could constitute insights of the brothy perceptions of dry-cured ham, and these peptides probably contribute to the sensory differences existing in long processed Spanish dry-cured hams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Heres
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Valencia, Paterna, Spain.
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Fidel Toldrá
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Valencia, Paterna, Spain.
| | - René Lametsch
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Valencia, Paterna, Spain.
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2
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Bioactive and Sensory Di- and Tripeptides Generated during Dry-Curing of Pork Meat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021574. [PMID: 36675084 PMCID: PMC9866438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry-cured pork products, such as dry-cured ham, undergo an extensive proteolysis during manufacturing process which determines the organoleptic properties of the final product. As a result of endogenous pork muscle endo- and exopeptidases, many medium- and short-chain peptides are released from muscle proteins. Many of them have been isolated, identified, and characterized, and some peptides have been reported to exert relevant bioactivity with potential benefit for human health. However, little attention has been given to di- and tripeptides, which are far less known, although they have received increasing attention in recent years due to their high potential relevance in terms of bioactivity and role in taste development. This review gathers the current knowledge about di- and tripeptides, regarding their bioactivity and sensory properties and focusing on their generation during long-term processing such as dry-cured pork meats.
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3
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HERES A, YOKOYAMA I, GALLEGO M, TOLDRÁ F, ARIHARA K, MORA L. Impact of oxidation on the cardioprotective properties of the bioactive dipeptide AW in dry-cured ham. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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4
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Zhang L, Li Q, Bao Y, Tan Y, Lametsch R, Hong H, Luo Y. Recent advances on characterization of protein oxidation in aquatic products: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1572-1591. [PMID: 36122384 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2117788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In addition to microbial spoilage and lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation is increasingly recognized as a major cause for quality deterioration of muscle-based foods. Although protein oxidation in muscle-based foods has attracted tremendous interest in the past decade, specific oxidative pathways and underlying mechanisms of protein oxidation in aquatic products remain largely unexplored. The present review covers the aspects of the origin and site-specific nature of protein oxidation, progress on the characterization of protein oxidation, oxidized proteins in aquatic products, and impact of protein oxidation on protein functionalities. Compared to meat protein oxidation, aquatic proteins demonstrate a less extent of oxidation on aromatic amino acids and are more susceptible to be indirectly oxidized by lipid peroxidation products. Different from traditional measurement of protein carbonyls and thiols, proteomics-based strategy better characterizes the targeted oxidation sites within proteins. The future trends using more robust and accurate targeted proteomics, such as parallel reaction monitoring strategy, to characterize protein oxidation in aquatic products are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longteng Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Yulong Bao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuqing Tan
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - René Lametsch
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hui Hong
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongkang Luo
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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5
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Characteristic and effect analysis of protein and peptide in Cantonese cured meat processing. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Proteolysis and protein oxidation throughout the smoked dry-cured ham process. Food Chem 2021; 362:130207. [PMID: 34090047 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
During the five stages of smoked dry-cured ham processing, proteolysis and protein oxidation were simultaneously detected in the Biceps femoris (BF) and Semimembranosus (SM) muscles. Proteolysis was more advanced in BF than in SM throughout the process of production. The total FAA increased significantly (p < 0.05) throughout the processing, resulting in higher total FAA content in BF than in SM muscle. SDS-PAGE revealed progressive degradation of sarcoplasmic proteins of investigated muscles, with the pronounced changes for the 69.9-41.7 kDa region. SDS-PAGE of BF showed more intense degradation of myofibrillar proteins due to greater proteolysis in BF. Electrophoresis of myofibrillar proteins evidenced the marked degradation of 130 kDa, 96.7 kDa and 27-20.7 kDa bands in both muscles. A similar trend was observed for protein oxidation in BF and SM, with the final values of 26.36 and 23.7 nmol carbonyls/mg proteins, respectively. The Pearson correlation revealed a strong relationship between protein oxidation and proteolysis.
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Kantono K, Hamid N, Chadha D, Ma Q, Oey I, Farouk MM. Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Processing of Chilled and Frozen-Thawed Lamb Meat Cuts: Relationships between Sensory Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Meat. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051148. [PMID: 34065428 PMCID: PMC8161130 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of PEF processing and chilled storage on the volatile composition and sensory properties of chilled and frozen lamb cuts was investigated in this study. Results showed that PEF-treated chilled and frozen lamb cuts varied in temporal flavour attributes with storage. Storage for 7 days resulted in oxidized flavour, while PEF treatments for all chilled and frozen cuts were associated with browned and livery flavour attributes. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was applied to determine the predictive relationships between the volatile composition, fatty acid and amino acid profiles, and sensory responses for PEF treated lamb cuts. The results showed that some volatile compounds (2-nonanone, 2-pentylfuran, pyrrole, methyl pyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methyl pyrazine, and thiophene) correlated well with the meaty and juicy flavour of PEF treated frozen lamb cuts. In PEF treated chilled lamb cuts, meaty and juicy flavours were associated with the presence of fatty acids (C18:0, SFA, 20:5(n-3), and n-3). In contrast, livery and browned perception of both PEF processed chilled and frozen lamb cuts were associated with the presence of amino acids (threonine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and methionine), and some volatile compounds (heptanal, 2-ethylfuran, pyridine, dimethyl disulphide, dimethyl trisulphide, and 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl pyrazine). Overall, these results imply that careful consideration of type of meat cuts, PEF pre-treatment, and storage are important when subjecting lamb meat to PEF processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Kantono
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Health and Environment Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.K.); (D.C.); (Q.M.)
| | - Nazimah Hamid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Health and Environment Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.K.); (D.C.); (Q.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-9-921999 (ext. 6453); Fax: +64-9-9219627
| | - Diksha Chadha
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Health and Environment Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.K.); (D.C.); (Q.M.)
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Health and Environment Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.K.); (D.C.); (Q.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Indrawati Oey
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4472, New Zealand
| | - Mustafa M. Farouk
- AgResearch MIRINZ, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand;
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Wang J, Guo M, Wang Q, Dong J, Lu S, Lyu B, Ma X. Antioxidant activities of peptides derived from mutton ham, Xuanwei ham and Jinhua ham. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110195. [PMID: 33773670 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate antioxidant activity of crude peptides with molecular weight less than 3 KDa extracted from Xuanwei ham, Jinhua ham and mutton ham. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was used for composition analysis of peptides and homologous protein matching. Further, crude peptide (<3 KDa) was purified using G-15 gel filtration chromatography, and the main antioxidant peptide identified. Analysis showed that mutton ham peptide (MHP) has the highest Fe2+ chelating ability, whereas Jinhua ham peptide (JHP) had the highest ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging ability (P < 0.05). A total of 346, 203 and 296 peptides were identified in JHP, Xuanwei ham peptides (XHP) and MHP, respectively. Most of the peptides were derived from myosin, accounting for 21.97% in JHP, 18.72% in XHP, and 21.96% in MHP. Myosin, actin, myoglobin, troponin, tropomyosin and pyruvate kinase proteins were the main source of peptide differences in the three types of dry cured ham.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Autonomus Region, Shihezi, China
| | - Meiting Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Autonomus Region, Shihezi, China
| | - Qingling Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Autonomus Region, Shihezi, China
| | - Juan Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Autonomus Region, Shihezi, China
| | - Shiling Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Autonomus Region, Shihezi, China.
| | - Bing Lyu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Autonomus Region, Shihezi, China
| | - Xuelian Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang Autonomus Region, Shihezi, China
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Evaluation of main post-translational modifications occurring in naturally generated peptides during the ripening of Spanish dry-cured ham. Food Chem 2020; 332:127388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Pedro D, Saldaña E, Lorenzo JM, Pateiro M, Dominguez R, Dos Santos BA, Cichoski AJ, Campagnol PCB. Low-sodium dry-cured rabbit leg: A novel meat product with healthier properties. Meat Sci 2020; 173:108372. [PMID: 33229105 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dry-cured rabbit legs were produced with a 50% reduction or replacement of NaCl by KCl and with the addition of monosodium glutamate (MG). The effect of this reformulation on technological, nutritional, and sensory characteristics was evaluated. The sodium reformulation did not show a great impact on Aw, pH, weight loss, and volatile profile of the samples. The samples presented high protein (31.5 to 36.1%) and low fat contents (3.2 to 5.7%). In addition, all essential amino acids presented an amino acid score greater than 1.0. The reformulated samples showed a sodium reduction of 46.2% while the addition of KCl to the formulations provided a healthy Na/K ratio. Oleic acid was the major fatty acid (FA) (31.3% of total FA) and healthy lipid indexes were observed for all samples. Finally, the addition of MG was effective to compensate for the sensory defects caused by sodium reformulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Pedro
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Instituto Federal Farroupilha, CEP 98130-000, Júlio de Castillhos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Erick Saldaña
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Nacional de Moquegua (UNAM), Calle Ancash s/n, 18001, Moquegua, Peru
| | - José Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrán das Viñas, Rúa Galicia N 4, Ourense, Spain; Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrán das Viñas, Rúa Galicia N 4, Ourense, Spain
| | - Ruben Dominguez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrán das Viñas, Rúa Galicia N 4, Ourense, Spain
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11
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Differences in peptide oxidation between muscles in 12 months Spanish dry-cured ham. Food Res Int 2018; 109:343-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Gallego M, Mora L, Toldrá F. Perspectives in the Use of Peptidomics in Ham. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700422. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gallego
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC); Avenue Agustín Escardino 7; 46980 Paterna Valencia Spain
| | - Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC); Avenue Agustín Escardino 7; 46980 Paterna Valencia Spain
| | - Fidel Toldrá
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC); Avenue Agustín Escardino 7; 46980 Paterna Valencia Spain
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