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Lipase Inactivation Kinetics of Tef Flour with Microwave Radiation and Impact on the Rheological Properties of the Gels Made from Treated Flour. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052298. [PMID: 36903544 PMCID: PMC10005227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many efforts are being made to produce tef-based food for its nutritive and health-promoting advantages. Tef grain is always whole milled because of its tiny grain size and whole flours contain bran (pericarp, aleurone, and germ) where major non-starch lipids could be deposited along with the lipid-degrading enzymes: lipase and lipoxygenase. As lipoxygenase shows little activity in low moisture, the inactivation of lipase is the common objective for most heat treatments to extend the shelf life of flours. In this study, tef flour lipase inactivation kinetics via hydrothermal treatments assisted using microwaves (MW) were studied. The effects of tef flour moisture level (12%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) and MW treatment time (1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 min) on flour lipase activity (LA) and free fatty acid (FFA) content were evaluated. The effects of MW treatment on flour pasting characteristics and the rheological properties of gels prepared from the treated flours were also explored. The inactivation process followed a first-order kinetic response and the apparent rate constant of thermal inactivation increased exponentially with the moisture content of the flour (M) according to the equation 0.048·exp (0.073·M) (R2 = 0.97). The LA of the flours decreased up to 90% under the studied conditions. MW treatment also significantly reduced (up to 20%) the FFA level in the flours. The rheological study confirmed the presence of significant modifications induced by the treatment, as a lateral effect of the flour stabilization process.
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Li Y, Gao C, Wang Y, Fan M, Wang L, Qian H. Analysis of the aroma volatile compounds in different stabilized rice bran during storage. Food Chem 2022; 405:134753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Contribution of endogenous minor components in the oxidative stability of rice bran oil. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shao Y, Chen H, Lin H, Feng H, Gong J, Cao G, Hong W, Yao Y, Zou H, Yan Y. Exploration on Varying Patterns of Morphological Features and Quality of Armeniacae Semen Amarum in Rancid Process Based on Colorimeter, Electronic Nose, and GC/MS Coupled With Human Panel. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:599979. [PMID: 35592420 PMCID: PMC9110824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.599979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the domestic and international trade volumes of Chinese medicinal materials (CMMs) keep increasing. By the end of 2019, the total amount of exported CMMs reached as high as US $1.137 billion, while imported was US $2.155 billion. A stable and controllable quality system of CMMs apparently becomes the most important issue, which needs multifaceted collaboration from harvesting CMMs at a proper season to storing CMMs at a proper temperature. However, due to imperfect storage conditions, different kinds of deteriorations are prone to occur, for instance, get moldy or rancid, which not only causes a huge waste of CMM resources but also poses a great threat to clinical medication safety and public health. The key issue is to quickly and accurately distinguish deteriorated CMM samples so as to avoid consuming low-quality or even harmful CMMs. However, some attention has been paid to study the changing quality of deteriorated CMMs and a suitable method for identifying them. In this study, as a medicine and food material which easily becomes rancid, armeniacae semen amarum (ASA) was chosen as a research objective, and experimental ASA samples of different rancidness degrees were collected. Then, various kinds of analytical methods and technologies were applied to explore the changing rules of ASA quality and figure out the key indicators for the quality evaluation of ASA in the rancid process, including the human panel, colorimeter, electronic nose, and GC/MS. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the external morphological features and the inner chemical compounds, to find out the specific components from "quantitative change" to "qualitative change" in the process of "getting rancid," and to discover the dynamic changes in the aforementioned key indicators at different stages of rancidness. The results showed since ASA samples began to get rancid with the extension of storage time, morphological features, namely, surface color and smell, changed significantly, and the degree of rancidness further deepened at the same time. Based on macroscopic identification accomplished via the human panel, ASA samples with varying degrees of rancidness were divided into four groups. The result of colorimeter analysis was in agreement with that of the human panel, as well as the determination of the amygdalin content and peroxide value. Moreover, there were obvious differences in the amygdalin content and peroxide value among ASA samples with different rancidness degrees. With a higher degree of rancidness, the content of amygdalin decreased, while the peroxide value increased significantly. The rancidness degree of ASA has a negative correlation with the amygdalin content and a positive correlation with the peroxide value. The newly discovered nonanal and 2-bromopropiophenone in rancid ASA samples may be the key components of "rancidity smell," and these two components would be the exclusive components that trigger "quantitative change" to "qualitative change" in the process of rancidness of ASA. This study sheds light on studying the internal mechanism of "rancidness" of CMMs and provides an important basis for the effective storage and safe medication of easy-to-get rancid herbs, and it also plays an important foundation for the establishment of a stable and controllable quality system for CMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Shao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huirong Chen
- Clinical Study Department, Beijing Highthink Pharmaceutical Technology Service Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Hongxin Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huishang Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianting Gong
- Chinese Medicine Resource Research Center, Beijing Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhao Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weifeng Hong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuebao Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqin Zou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Grain phenolics: critical role in quality, storage stability and effects of processing in major grain crops—a concise review. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gao Y, Zhang Y, Jin T. Effect of high‐pressure CO
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injection on the physicochemical properties and lipoxygenase activity of extruded rice bran. Cereal Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Gao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Yanbian University Yanbian China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology Kongju National University Chungnam Korea
| | - Tie Jin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Yanbian University Yanbian China
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Influence of germ storage from different corn genotypes on technological properties and fatty acid, tocopherol, and carotenoid profiles of oil. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03723-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wang L, Wang L, Qiu J, Li Z. Effects of superheated steam processing on common buckwheat grains: Lipase inactivation and its association with lipidomics profile during storage. J Cereal Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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