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Liang W, Chen T, Zhang Y, Lu X, Liu X, Zhao C, Xu G. Fragmentation characteristics-based nontargeted screening method of exogenous chemical residues in animal-derived foods using reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Talanta 2024; 275:126116. [PMID: 38640518 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Fragmentation characteristics are crucial for nontargeted screening to discover and identify unknown exogenous chemical residues in animal-derived foods. In this study, first, fragmentation characteristics of 51 classes of exogenous chemical residues were summarized based on experimental mass spectra of standards in reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and mass spectra from the MassBank of North America (MoNA) library. According to the proportion of fragmentation characteristics to the total number of chemical residues in each class, four screening levels were defined to classify 51 classes of chemical residues. Then, a nontargeted screening method was developed based on the fragmentation characteristics. The evaluation results of 82 standards indicated that more than 90 % of the chemical residues with MS/MS spectra can be identified at concentrations of 100 and 500 μg/kg, and about 80 % can be identified at 10 μg/kg. Finally, the nontargeted screening method was applied to 16 meat samples and 21 egg samples as examples. As a result, eight chemical residues and transformation products (TPs) of 5 classes in the exemplary samples were found and identified, in which 3 TPs of azithromycin were identified by fragmentation characteristics-assisted structure interpretation. The results demonstrated the practicability of the nontargeted screening method for routine risk screening of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Tiantian Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yujie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xinyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
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2
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Hao J, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Feng S, Cui Z, Zhang Y, Wang D, Zhou H. Inhibition of Potato Fusarium Wilt by Bacillus subtilis ZWZ-19 and Trichoderma asperellum PT-29: A Comparative Analysis of Non-Targeted Metabolomics. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:925. [PMID: 38611455 PMCID: PMC11013777 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Potato Fusarium Wilt is a soil-borne fungal disease that can seriously harm potatoes throughout their growth period and occurs at different degrees in major potato-producing areas in China. To reduce the use of chemical agents and improve the effect of biocontrol agents, the inhibitory effects of the fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis ZWZ-19 (B) and Trichoderma asperellum PT-29 (T) on Fusarium oxysporum were compared under single-culture and co-culture conditions. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis of the fermentation broths was conducted. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of the co-culture fermentation broth with an inoculation ratio of 1:1 (B1T1) was better than that of the separately cultured fermentation broths and had the best control effect in a potted experiment. Using LC-MS analysis, 134 metabolites were determined and classified into different types of amino acids. Furthermore, 10 metabolic pathways had the most significant variations, and 12 were related to amino acid metabolism in the KEGG analysis. A correlation analysis of the 79 differential metabolites generated through the comprehensive comparison between B, T, and B1T1 was conducted, and the results showed that highly abundant amino acids in B1T1 were correlated with amino acids in B, but not in T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide Creation and Resource Utilization in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.H.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide Creation and Resource Utilization in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.H.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.F.); (Z.C.)
| | - Yuanzheng Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China;
| | - Shujie Feng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.F.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zining Cui
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.F.); (Z.C.)
| | - Yinqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide Creation and Resource Utilization in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.H.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide Creation and Resource Utilization in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.H.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hongyou Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide Creation and Resource Utilization in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.H.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
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Liang L, Li C, Fang J, Li H, Wu S, Zhao J, Li J, He K, Dong F. An integrated screening method for paralytic shellfish toxins and their analogues based on fragmentation characteristics using an orbitrap-based ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2024; 434:137502. [PMID: 37741239 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) perform a huge threat to food safety and public safety. In this study, an integrated non-targeted screening strategy was developed for the screening of PSTs and their analogues exploiting the fragmentation characteristics from ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). First, an extensible in-house PSTs compound database was developed. Second, the fragmentation characteristics of typical PSTs were studied and summarized using UHPLC-HRMS. Then, an integrated non-targeted screening strategy was developed based on fragmentation characteristics for screening of PSTs and their analogues. Finally, the method was fully validated in fortified shellfish samples and successfully applied to analyze the samples of OPCW exercise on biotoxin analysis. This promising approach can also be applied in a wide variety of scenarios, such as food safety, biotoxin verification, and forensic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Liang
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chunzheng Li
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Junjian Fang
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hui Li
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shengming Wu
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Junqing Zhao
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Kun He
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Fangting Dong
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100039, China.
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Chen T, Liang W, Zhang X, Wang Y, Lu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, You L, Liu X, Zhao C, Xu G. Screening and identification of unknown chemical contaminants in food based on liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and machine learning. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:342116. [PMID: 38182389 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Unknown or unexpected chemical contaminants and/or their transformation products in food that may be harmful to humans need to be discovered for comprehensive safety evaluation. Liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is a powerful tool for detecting chemical contaminants in food samples. However, identifying all of peaks in LC-HRMS is not possible, but if class information is known in advance, further identification will become easier. In this work, a novel MS2 spectra classification-driven screening strategy was constructed based on LC-HRMS and machine learning. First, the classification model was developed based on machine learning algorithm using class information and experimental MS2 data of chemical contaminants and other non-contaminants. By using the developed artificial neural network classification model, in total 32 classes of pesticides, veterinary drugs and mycotoxins were classified with good prediction accuracy and low false-positive rate. Based on the classification model, a screening procedure was developed in which the classes of unknown features in LC-HRMS were first predicted through the classification model, and then their structures were identified under the guidance of class information. Finally, the developed strategy was tentatively applied to the analysis of pork and aquatic products, and 8 chemical contaminants and 11 transformation products belonging to 8 classes were found. This strategy enables screening of unknown chemical contaminants and transformation products in complex food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Wenying Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xiuqiong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yuting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yujie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Lei You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xinyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, 116023, China.
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5
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Murray KJ, Villalta PW, Griffin TJ, Balbo S. Discovery of Modified Metabolites, Secondary Metabolites, and Xenobiotics by Structure-Oriented LC-MS/MS. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:1666-1682. [PMID: 37862059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous compounds and metabolites derived from therapeutics, microbiota, or environmental exposures directly interact with endogenous metabolic pathways, influencing disease pathogenesis and modulating outcomes of clinical interventions. With few spectral library references, the identification of covalently modified biomolecules, secondary metabolites, and xenobiotics is a challenging task using global metabolomics profiling approaches. Numerous liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (LC-MS) small molecule analytical workflows have been developed to curate global profiling experiments for specific compound groups of interest. These workflows exploit shared structural moiety, functional groups, or elemental composition to discover novel and undescribed compounds through nontargeted small molecule discovery pipelines. This Review introduces the concept of structure-oriented LC-MS discovery methodology and aims to highlight common approaches employed for the detection and characterization of covalently modified biomolecules, secondary metabolites, and xenobiotics. These approaches represent a combination of instrument-dependent and computational techniques to rapidly curate global profiling experiments to detect putative ions of interest based on fragmentation patterns, predictable phase I or phase II metabolic transformations, or rare elemental composition. Application of these methods is explored for the detection and identification of novel and undescribed biomolecules relevant to the fields of toxicology, pharmacology, and drug discovery. Continued advances in these methods expand the capacity for selective compound discovery and characterization that promise remarkable insights into the molecular interactions of exogenous chemicals with host biochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Murray
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, College of Biological Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Peter W Villalta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy J Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, College of Biological Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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6
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Ramírez-Coronel AA, Alameri AA, Altalbawy F, Sanaan Jabbar H, Lateef Al-Awsi GR, Iswanto AH, Altamimi AS, Shareef Mohsen K, Almulla AF, Mustafa YF. Smartphone-Facilitated Mobile Colorimetric Probes for Rapid Monitoring of Chemical Contaminations in Food: Advances and Outlook. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36598426 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2164173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Smartphone-derived colorimetric tools have the potential to revolutionize food safety control by enabling citizens to carry out monitoring assays. To realize this, it is of paramount significance to recognize recent study efforts and figure out important technology gaps in terms of food security. Driven by international connectivity and the extensive distribution of smartphones, along with their built-in probes and powerful computing abilities, smartphone-based sensors have shown enormous potential as cost-effective and portable diagnostic scaffolds for point-of-need tests. Meantime, the colorimetric technique is of particular notice because of its benefits of rapidity, simplicity, and high universality. In this study, we tried to outline various colorimetric platforms using smartphone technology, elucidate their principles, and explore their applications in detecting target analytes (pesticide residues, antibiotic residues, metal ions, pathogenic bacteria, toxins, and mycotoxins) considering their sensitivity and multiplexing capability. Challenges and desired future perspectives for cost-effective, accurate, reliable, and multi-functions smartphone-based colorimetric tools have also been debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Laboratory of Psychometrics, Comparative Psychology and Ethology (LABPPCE), Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ecuador and Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Ameer A Alameri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Farag Altalbawy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, Tabuk University, Duba, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hijran Sanaan Jabbar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Acim Heri Iswanto
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Abdulmalik S Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karrar Shareef Mohsen
- Information and Communication Technology Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Abbas F Almulla
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Liotta L, Litrenta F, Lo Turco V, Potortì AG, Lopreiato V, Nava V, Bionda A, Di Bella G. Evaluation of Chemical Contaminants in Conventional and Unconventional Ragusana Provola Cheese. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233817. [PMID: 36496625 PMCID: PMC9740842 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic contaminants belonging to various classes (plasticizers, bisphenols, pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs,) were analyzed in samples of provola cheese produced from Friesian dairy cows fed with a conventional diet (group CTR), and an unconventional diet (group BIO) enriched with olive cake (OC). The results show that for most determined contaminants, the differences between the two diets were very slight, indicating that the contamination does not depend on the olive cake integrated in the unconventional diet. The results also indicate that the minimal contamination could result from environmental contamination or the production process. It can be concluded that unconventional provola is as safe for the consumer as conventional provola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Litrenta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0906766993
| | - Angela Giorgia Potortì
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lopreiato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nava
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Arianna Bionda
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan University, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Wang J, Zhao W, Guo W, Li Y, Jiang R, Li H, Wang S, Li Z. Simultaneous screening and analysis of 155 veterinary drugs in livestock foods using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole linear-ion-trap mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 393:133260. [PMID: 35751223 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Veterinary drugs are widely used to improve the health and growth of livestock. The supervision of these residues is necessary to ensure food safety. A high-throughput method based on Oasis PRiME HLB with solid phase extraction for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of 155 veterinary drugs in livestock foods was developed by the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole linear-ion-trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTRAP-MS). The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.5 μg/kg to 5 μg/kg and 2 μg/kg to 20 μg/kg, respectively. For over 85% of the analytes, the recoveries were between 60% and 120%. The positive simulated samples perfectly matched with a purity fit value over 70% from the self-built library. The screening results of UHPLC-QTRAP-MS were almost consistent with UHPLC tandem quadrupole-exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS). The evaluated UHPLC-QTRAP-MS method was powerful and reliable for the screening and quantification of veterinary drugs in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wentao Zhao
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing 100068, China.
| | - Wenping Guo
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Yingying Li
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Huichen Li
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Shouwei Wang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing 100068, China.
| | - Zhigang Li
- AB SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading Co, Beijing 100015, China
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9
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Chen T, Liang W, Zhang X, Lu X, Zhao C, Xu G. Nontargeted screening of veterinary drugs and their metabolites in milk based on mass defect filtering using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1822-1831. [PMID: 34894354 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of nontargeted screening strategy for veterinary drugs and their metabolites is very important for food safety. In this study, a nontargeted screening strategy was developed to find the potentially hazardous substances based on mass defect filtering (MDF) using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. First, the drug metabolites of 112 veterinary drugs from seven classes of antimicrobials were predicted. Second, three MDF models were established, including the traditional rectangular MDF, the enhanced parallelogram MDF, and the polygonal MDF. Finally, the strategy was applied to nontargeted screening of veterinary drugs in 36 milk samples. The polygonal MDF model based on the distribution area of parent drugs and their metabolites showed a better filtering effect. After removing food components and performing MDF, about 10% of the substances remained, and four veterinary drugs and six drug metabolites were discovered and identified, showing the effectiveness of this strategy. The nontargeted screening strategy can rapidly remove interfering substances and find the suspected compounds. It can also be used for nontargeted screening of veterinary drugs and their metabolites in other food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wenying Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiuqiong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
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10
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Jia W, Zhang M, Zhu J, Shi L. Strategies for studying in vivo biochemical formation pathways and multilevel distributions of sulfanilamide metabolites in food (2012-2022). Food Chem 2022; 388:133039. [PMID: 35489175 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonamide metabolites are a major source of food pollution worldwide. However, the formation of internal sulfanilamide metabolites has only been investigated for selected compounds. In this paper, the fragmentation mechanism and characteristic ions of sulfonamide metabolites are reviewed using density functional theory and Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. The result of the protonation site, rearrangement and bond breaking induced fragmentations at C6H6NO2S+m/z 156.01138, C6H6NO+m/z 108.04439, and C6H6N+m/z 92.04948. Mass shifts are calculated for derivative metabolites, including hydrogenation, acetylation, oxidation, glucosylation, glucosidation, sulfation, deamination, formylation, desulfonation and O-aminomethylation. Given their homologous series, it is demonstrated that similar metabolic reactions occur for all sulfonamides. The suspicious sulfonamide metabolites are confirmed by d-labelling experiments and reference standards. This is the first review of the latest advances in the field of sulfonamide metabolite prediction (2012-2022), and scheme design for metabolite multirresidue screening, as well as the challenges in the mass spectrometry evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiying Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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11
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Varenina I, Bilandžić N, Luburić ĐB, Kolanović BS, Varga I. High resolution mass spectrometry method for the determination of 13 antibiotic groups in bovine, swine, poultry and fish meat: An effective screening and confirmation analysis approach for routine laboratories. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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