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Assunção LS, Oliveira de Souza C, Shahidi F, Santos Oliveira T, Assis DDJ, Pereira Santos LF, Nunes IL, Machado BAS, Ferreira Ribeiro CD. Optimization and Characterization of Interspecific Hybrid Crude Palm Oil Unaué HIE OxG Nanoparticles with Vegetable By-Products as Encapsulants. Foods 2024; 13:523. [PMID: 38397500 PMCID: PMC10887919 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Interspecific hybrid crude palm oil (HCPO) HIE OxG derived from crossbred African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and American Caiaué (Elaeis oleifera) is prominent for its fatty acid and antioxidant compositions (carotenoids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols), lower production cost, and high pest resistance properties compared to crude palm oil. Biodegradable and sustainable encapsulants derived from vegetable byproducts were used to formulate HCPO nanoparticles. Nanoparticles with hybrid crude palm oil and jackfruit seed flour as a wall material (N-JSF) and with hybrid crude palm oil and jackfruit axis flour as a wall material (N-JAF) were optimized using a 22 experimental design. They exhibited nanoscale diameters (<250 nm) and were characterized based on their zeta potential, apparent viscosity, pH, color, and total carotenoid content. The nanoparticles demonstrated a monodisperse distribution, good uniformity, and stability (polydispersity index < 0.25; zeta potentials: N-JSF -19.50 ± 1.47 mV and N-JAF -12.50 ± 0.17 mV), as well as high encapsulation efficiency (%) (N-JSF 86.44 ± 0.01 and N-JAF 90.43 ± 1.34) and an optimal carotenoid retention (>85%). These nanoparticles show potential for use as sustainable and clean-label HCPO alternatives in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Santos Assunção
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (L.S.A.); (C.O.d.S.); (T.S.O.)
| | - Carolina Oliveira de Souza
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (L.S.A.); (C.O.d.S.); (T.S.O.)
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada;
| | - Tainara Santos Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (L.S.A.); (C.O.d.S.); (T.S.O.)
| | - Denilson de Jesus Assis
- Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PPEQ), Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil;
| | - Luis Fernandes Pereira Santos
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Basílio da Gama Street, Rua Basilio da Gama-w/n-Campus Canela, Salvador 40110-907, Brazil;
| | - Itaciara Larroza Nunes
- Graduate Program in Food Science, Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga Highway, 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis 88034-000, Brazil;
| | - Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical’s Formulations, SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Advanced Health Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), National Service of Industrial Learning, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil;
| | - Camila Duarte Ferreira Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil; (L.S.A.); (C.O.d.S.); (T.S.O.)
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Basílio da Gama Street, Rua Basilio da Gama-w/n-Campus Canela, Salvador 40110-907, Brazil;
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Frequent Gene Duplication/Loss Shapes Distinct Evolutionary Patterns of NLR Genes in Arecaceae Species. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7120539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes play a key role in plant immune responses and have co-evolved with pathogens since the origin of green plants. Comparative genomic studies on the evolution of NLR genes have been carried out in several angiosperm lineages. However, most of these lineages come from the dicot clade. In this study, comparative analysis was performed on NLR genes from five Arecaceae species to trace the dynamic evolutionary pattern of the gene family during species speciation in this monocot lineage. The results showed that NLR genes from the genomes of Elaeis guineensis (262), Phoenix dactylifera (85), Daemonorops jenkinsiana (536), Cocos nucifera (135) and Calamus simplicifolius (399) are highly variable. Frequent domain loss and alien domain integration have occurred to shape the NLR protein structures. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that NLR genes from the five genomes were derived from dozens of ancestral genes. D. jenkinsiana and E. guineensis genomes have experienced “consistent expansion” of the ancestral NLR lineages, whereas a pattern of “first expansion and then contraction” of NLR genes was observed for P. dactylifera, C. nucifera and C. simplicifolius. The results suggest that rapid and dynamic gene content and structure variation have shaped the NLR profiles of Arecaceae species.
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