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Liu X, Zou D, Wang Y, Zhuang Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Sun Z, Ye C. Replacement of fish meal with cottonseed protein concentrate in Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis): Nutrient digestibility, growth performance, free amino acid profile, and expression of genes related to nutrient metabolism. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:447-462. [PMID: 38846720 PMCID: PMC11153942 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the application of cottonseed protein concentrate (CPC) in Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis). First, the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of CPC, fish meal and soybean meal were compared in crabs (21.72 ± 0.33 g). The protein ADC of CPC was 90.42%, which was significantly higher than that of soybean meal (83.16%) (P < 0.05). The ADC of Phe, Cys and Glu of CPC were significantly higher than those of fish meal, while the ADC of Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Thr and Ala of CPC were significantly lower (P < 0.05). Second, we investigated the effects of fish meal substitution by CPC on growth performance, free amino acid profile, and expression of genes related to nutrient metabolism in crabs. Six diets were formulated by replacing 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60% and 75% fish meal with CPC, namely FM, CPC15, CPC30, CPC45, CPC60, and CPC75. A total of 630 crabs (1.68 ± 0.00 g) were randomly divided into 18 tanks (3 tanks per group) and fed 3 times daily for 9 weeks. Results showed that CPC75 group significantly reduced growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, and free Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, and Thr contents in muscle (P < 0.05). The contents of free amino acids (Arg, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Thr, Val, Ala, Cys, Glu, Gly, Ser and Tyr) in hepatopancreas decreased linearly with the increase of dietary CPC level (P < 0.05). The substitution of more than 45% fish meal with CPC significantly decreased the concentration of delicious amino acids (Ala, Glu and Gly) in hepatopancreas (P < 0.05), which might adversely affect crab flavor. The expression of genes related to antioxidant capacity, protein transport, TOR pathway and lipid metabolism was significantly downregulated by increasing dietary CPC level (P < 0.05). In conclusion, based on the quadratic regression analysis of FCR and PER, the optimal replacement levels of fish meal with CPC in crab diet containing 35% fish meal were 32.36% and 35.38%, respectively. It is recommended that Ile, Leu and Thr be supplemented in addition to Met and Lys in the application of CPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Danyang Zou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yizhu Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yutong Zhuang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yanyu Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zhenzhu Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chaoxia Ye
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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Zhu T, Jin M, Peng H, Zhao W, Shen Y, Xie S, Zhou Q. Cholesterol Modifies Nutritional Values and Flavor Qualities in Female Swimming Crab ( Portunus trituberculatus). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2024; 2024:7067588. [PMID: 39555531 PMCID: PMC11324362 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7067588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
The quality of crustacean aquatic products is affected by feed. Cholesterol (CHO), an essential element for crustacean growth, has been widely supplemented in diet, but its food quality regulation remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary CHO levels (0.12%, 1.00%, and 2.50%) on the nutritional value and flavor quality in the edible parts of female swimming crabs (Portunus trituberculatus). Results showed that dietary CHO levels significantly increased lipid content in the hepatopancreas and promoted the accumulation of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in the hepatopancreas and muscle by activating the gene expression related to biosynthesis pathways. However, with dietary CHO levels increased, protein content in muscle decreased significantly. This may be related to dietary CHO supplementation (especially 2.50% CHO level) suppressed amino acid accumulation in the hepatopancreas and muscle by downregulating the target of the rapamycin pathway and upregulating amino acid catabolism-related genes. Moreover, 1.00% CHO treatment had higher relative levels of volatiles, producing grassy, fruity, and fatty odors in muscle, which may be due to the upregulation of the branched-chain amino acid transaminase (bcat) expression level. Dietary CHO weakened nucleotide and free amino acid accumulation in hepatopancreas and muscle. Overall, this study suggests that dietary 1.00% CHO level had higher LC-PUFA and pleasing flavor substances in muscle but was not conducive to hepatopancreatic protein and flavor nucleotide deposition of swimming crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Min Jin
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hongyu Peng
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yuedong Shen
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shichao Xie
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qicun Zhou
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo 315211, China
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Zhao L, Li L, Zhang F, Li P, Li Y, Liu J, Wei Y, Liang M, Ma Q, Xu H. Combined Replacement of Fishmeal and Fish Oil by Poultry Byproduct Meal and Mixed Oil: Effects on the Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Muscle Quality of Tiger Puffer. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2024; 2024:1402602. [PMID: 38390371 PMCID: PMC10883743 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1402602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined replacement of fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) with poultry byproduct meal (PBM) and mixed oil (MO, poultry oil: coconut oil = 1 : 1) on growth performance, body composition and muscle quality of tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes). Fish with an average initial body weight of 14.29 g were selected for the feeding experiment. FM accounting for 0%, 5%, and 10% of the diet was replaced by PBM. For each grade of FM replacement, 5% FO or MO was used as added oil. The six experimental diets were designated as FO-FM, MO-FM, FO-5PBM, MO-5PBM, FO-10PBM, and MO-10PBM, respectively. Each treatment was performed in triplicate with 30 fish per replicate. The feeding period was 45 days. There was no significant difference in growth performance among the groups. Dietary supplementation of both PBM and MO had marginal effects on whole-fish proximate composition, except that dietary MO supplementation significantly increased the liver moisture content. In serum, there were no significant differences in contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol, total bile acid, and protein carbonyl among groups, but the malondialdehyde content was reduced by MO. The fatty acid composition in fish mirrored those in the diets, but the omega-3 sparing effects of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid in MO can still be observed. Dietary PBM and MO had marginal effects on free amino acid composition and texture of fish muscle, but exerted complicated effects on the muscle volatile flavor compound composition. In conclusion, combined fishmeal (10% of the diet) and fish oil (5% of the diet) replacement with poultry byproduct and mixed oil (poultry oil + coconut oil) had no adverse effects on the growth performance and body proximate composition of farmed tiger puffer. However, these replacements changed the muscle flavor compound profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Aquarium, 2 Laiyang Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Feiran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng Li
- North American Renderers Association, 500 Montgomery Street Suite 310, Alexandria 22314, USA
| | - Yanlu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuliang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mengqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Houguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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Huo X, Zhang Q, Chang J, Yang G, He S, Yang C, Liang X, Zhang Y, Su J. Nanopeptide C-I20 as a novel feed additive effectively alleviates detrimental impacts of soybean meal on mandarin fish by improving the intestinal mucosal barrier. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197767. [PMID: 37435065 PMCID: PMC10331600 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial peptide has been widely developed in cultivation industry as feed additives. However, its functions in reducing the detrimental impacts of soybean meal (SM) remain unknown. In this study, we prepared nano antibacterial peptide CMCS-gcIFN-20H (C-I20) with excellent sustained-release and anti-enzymolysis, and fed mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) with a SM diet supplemented with different levels of C-I20 (320, 160, 80, 40, 0 mg/Kg) for 10 weeks. 160 mg/Kg C-I20 treatment significantly improved the final body weight, weight gain rate and crude protein content of mandarin fish and reduced feed conversion ratio. 160 mg/Kg C-I20-fed fish maintained appropriate goblet cells number and mucin thickness, as well as improved villus length, intestinal cross-sectional area. Based on these advantageous physiological changes, 160 mg/Kg C-I20 treatment effectively reduced multi-type tissue (liver, trunk kidney, head kidney and spleen) injury. The addition of C-I20 did not change the muscle composition and muscle amino acids composition. Interestingly, dietary 160 mg/Kg C-I20 supplementation prevented the reduction in myofiber diameter and change in muscle texture, and effectively increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially DHA + EPA) in muscle. In conclusion, dietary C-I20 in a reasonable concentration supplementation effectively alleviates the negative effects of SM by improving the intestinal mucosal barrier. The application of nanopeptide C-I20 is a prospectively novel strategy for promoting aquaculture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Huo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiao Chang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan He
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xufang Liang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongan Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Zhang L, Wu HX, Li WJ, Qiao F, Zhang WB, Du ZY, Zhang ML. Partial replacement of soybean meal by yellow mealworm ( Tenebrio molitor) meal influences the flesh quality of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:108-115. [PMID: 36632619 PMCID: PMC9826948 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of yellow mealworm meal (YM) replacing soybean meal (SBM) at different proportions (0%, 15%, 30% and 45%, referred as YM0, YM15, YM30 and YM45, respectively) on the flesh quality of Nile tilapia. A total of 360 fish (70.0 ± 0.12 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups (3 tanks per group). Fish were fed the experimental diet twice daily for 10 wk. The results showed that muscle protein content significantly decreased in YM30 and YM45, while the lipid content significantly decreased in YM45 (P < 0.05). The essential amino acids and flavor amino acids of the muscle were not affected by the YM substitution, while saturated fatty acid content decreased in YM30 and YM45 compared with YM0 (P < 0.05). Fillets in YM45 had higher hardness, gumminess, and a higher proportion of thin myofibers (≤100 μm, P < 0.05) than those in other groups. Further analysis revealed that apoptosis and atrophy related genes were up-regulated, while the muscle antioxidant capacity decreased significantly in YM45 (P < 0.05), which may be related to the high acid value in YM45 diet. Our findings indicated that YM could replace up to 30% SBM without substantially altering the flesh quality. When the replacement ratio increased to 45%, the flesh quality would change. Special attention should be paid to avoid feed rancidity which may affect the flesh quality of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hong-Xia Wu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei-Jie Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wen-Bing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China,Corresponding author.
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