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Shin HY, Kim YS, Shin KS, Han SH, Suh HJ, Yu KW. Effect of rhamnogalacturonan-I-rich polysaccharides isolated from crabapple hydrolysates on IL-1β-induced inflammation in intestinal epithelial cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134240. [PMID: 39094865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the structural characteristics and intracellular mechanisms of polysaccharides (MP-PE-I) purified from a crabapple (Malus prunifolia) enzymatic hydrolysate (MP-PE). Activity-guided fractionation revealed that MP-PE-I was the active moiety and significantly reduced the production and gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Moreover, MP-PE-I downregulated the phosphorylation and nuclear localization of proteins involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways, as evidenced by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analysis. In antagonistic studies with specific inhibitors of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways, IL-6 inhibition was significantly regulated by p38; IL-8 by IκBα, JNK, and p38; and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) by JNK, p38, and ERK. Additionally, MP-PE-I significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of IL-1 receptor type 1. Chemical and structural characteristic analyses showed that MP-PE-I is a polysaccharide rich in rhamnogalacturonan (RG)-I and plays a crucial role in intestinal immunomodulation. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the intestinal immunomodulatory activity, intracellular mechanisms, and structural characteristics of RG-I-rich polysaccharides isolated from crabapples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Shin
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Suk Kim
- Major in Food & Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 27909, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soon Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Hee Han
- Institute of Human Behavior & Genetics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Won Yu
- Major in Food & Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 27909, Republic of Korea.
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Wubuli A, Abdulla R, Zhao J, Wu T, Aisa HA. Exploring anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-related quality markers of Artemisia absinthium L. based on spectrum-effect relationship. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:1152-1173. [PMID: 38591190 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Artemisia absinthium L. is a well-known medicinal, aromatic, and edible plant with important medicinal and economic properties and a long history of use in treating liver inflammation and other diseases; however, there has been insufficient progress in quality control. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the quality markers for the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of A. absinthium based on spectrum-effect relationship analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen batches of A. absinthium from different origins were used. Chemical fingerprints were obtained by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The chemical compositions were identified by quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 and 15-lipoxygenase in vitro and inhibition of nitric oxide release in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV-2 cells. Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The relationship between bioactivity and chemical fingerprints was then analyzed using chemometrics including gray relational analysis, bivariate correlation analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares analysis. RESULTS Different batches of A. absinthium extracts possessed significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities to varying degrees. Eighty compounds were identified from A. absinthium, and 12 main common peaks were obtained from the UPLC fingerprints. P3 (chlorogenic acid), P5 (isochlorogenic acid A), and P6 (isochlorogenic acid C) were screened as the most promising active compounds by correlation analysis and further validated for their remarkable anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION This is the first study to screen the quality markers of A. absinthium by establishing the spectrum-effect relationship, which can provide a reference for the development of quality standards and further research on A. absinthium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayixiamuguli Wubuli
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rahima Abdulla
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wang R, Ruan X, Chen J, Deng L, Zhou W, Shuai X, Liang R, Dai T. Physicochemical Characterization and Biological Properties of Polysaccharides from Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1705. [PMID: 38932054 PMCID: PMC11207487 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides (AOPs) were extracted from Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus using three distinct methods: hot water (AOP-HW), hydrochloric acid (AOP-AC), and NaOH/NaBH4 (AOP-AL). This study systematically investigated and compared the physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, antioxidant activities, and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the extracted polysaccharides. Among the three AOPs, AOP-AC exhibited the highest yield (13.76%) and neutral sugar content (80.57%), but had the lowest molecular weight (121.28 kDa). Conversely, AOP-HW had the lowest yield (4.54%) but the highest molecular weight (385.42 kDa). AOP-AL was predominantly composed of arabinose (28.42 mol%), galacturonic acid (17.61 mol%), and galactose (17.09 mol%), while glucose was the major sugar in both AOP-HW (52.31 mol%) and AOP-AC (94.77 mol%). Functionally, AOP-AL demonstrated superior scavenging activities against DPPH, hydroxyl, and ABTS radicals, whereas AOP-AC exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on α-amylase. These findings indicate that the extraction solvent significantly influences the physicochemical and biological properties of AOPs, thus guiding the selection of appropriate extraction methods for specific applications. The results of this study have broad implications for industries seeking natural polysaccharides with antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risi Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xinmei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Lizhen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xixiang Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ruihong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Taotao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Yang LL, Zhou QQ, Fan S, Liu CL, Li HJ. Response surface methodology optimization of extraction and enrichment conditions of total triterpenoid saponins from Celosiae Semen and evaluation of its lipid-lowering activity. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5835. [PMID: 38304995 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The saponin-enriched extract from Celosiae Semen is a promising resource owing to its lipid-lowering activity. However, triterpenoid saponins are difficult to extract owing to their high molecular weight and strong water solubility. The aim of this paper was to explore an eco-friendly and effective technology of extraction and enrichment of total triterpenoid saponins to obtain high lipid-lowering fractions. Initially, Box-Behnken design experiments were employed to optimize the heat reflux extraction process on the basic of mono-factor experiments. Afterwards, the crude extract was further purified using D-101 resin, and the purification parameters were investigated based on adsorption/desorption experiments and biological activity assay. Under optimal conditions, the purity of the finally obtained total triterpenoid saponins was increased by 7.28-fold. The lipid-lowering activities of the six main triterpenoid saponins were evaluated in HepG2 cells induced by palmitic acid. The results of Oil Red O staining showed that the compounds all exhibited potential lipid-lowering activity. The structure-activity relationship analysis suggested that the oligosaccharide chain at C-28 played an essential role in their lipid-lowering activity and the substituent group at C-23 site also showed important effects. The optimal extraction and purification methods may facilitate the utilization of Celosiae Semen for the industrial production as a functional food and drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Susanti I, Pratiwi R, Rosandi Y, Hasanah AN. Separation Methods of Phenolic Compounds from Plant Extract as Antioxidant Agents Candidate. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:965. [PMID: 38611494 PMCID: PMC11013868 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, discovering new drug candidates has become a top priority in research. Natural products have proven to be a promising source for such discoveries as many researchers have successfully isolated bioactive compounds with various activities that show potential as drug candidates. Among these compounds, phenolic compounds have been frequently isolated due to their many biological activities, including their role as antioxidants, making them candidates for treating diseases related to oxidative stress. The isolation method is essential, and researchers have sought to find effective procedures that maximize the purity and yield of bioactive compounds. This review aims to provide information on the isolation or separation methods for phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities using column chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, counter-current chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography, molecularly imprinted technologies, and high-performance thin layer chromatography. For isolation or purification, the molecularly imprinted technologies represent a more accessible and more efficient procedure because they can be applied directly to the extract to reduce the complicated isolation process. However, it still requires further development and refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ike Susanti
- Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21 r, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Rimadani Pratiwi
- Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21 r, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Yudi Rosandi
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Aliya Nur Hasanah
- Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21 r, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Drug Development Study Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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