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Bhattacharya S, Gupta N, Flekalová A, Gordillo-Alarcón S, Espinel-Jara V, Fernández-Cusimamani E. Exploring Folklore Ecuadorian Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Components Focusing on Antidiabetic Potential: An Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1436. [PMID: 38891245 PMCID: PMC11174784 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health concern characterized by a deficiency in insulin production. Considering the systemic toxicity and limited efficacy associated with current antidiabetic medications, there is the utmost need for natural, plant-based alternatives. Herbal medicines have experienced exponential growth in popularity globally in recent years for their natural origins and minimal side effects. Ecuador has a rich cultural history in ethnobotany that plays a crucial role in its people's lives. This study identifies 27 Ecuadorian medicinal plants that are traditionally used for diabetes treatment and are prepared through infusion, decoction, or juice, or are ingested in their raw forms. Among them, 22 plants have demonstrated hypoglycemic or anti-hyperglycemic properties that are rich with bioactive phytochemicals, which was confirmed in several in vitro and in vivo studies. However, Bryophyllum gastonis-bonnieri, Costus villosissimus, Juglans neotropica, Pithecellobium excelsum, and Myroxylon peruiferum, which were extensively used in traditional medicine preparation in Ecuador for many decades to treat diabetes, are lacking in pharmacological elucidation. The Ecuadorian medicinal plants used to treat diabetes have been found to have several bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, fatty acids, aldehydes, and terpenoids that are mainly responsible for reducing blood sugar levels and oxidative stress, regulating intestinal function, improving insulin resistance, inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase, lowering gluconeogenic enzymes, stimulating glucose uptake mechanisms, and playing an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, there is a substantial lack of integrated approaches between the existing ethnomedicinal practices and pharmacological research. Therefore, this review aims to discuss and explore the traditional medicinal plants used in Ecuador for treating DM and their bioactive phytochemicals, which are mainly responsible for their antidiabetic properties. We believe that the use of Ecuadorian herbal medicine in a scientifically sound way can substantially benefit the local economy and industries seeking natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Bhattacharya
- Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Adéla Flekalová
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Salomé Gordillo-Alarcón
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Avda. 17 de Julio 5-21, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador;
| | - Viviana Espinel-Jara
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Avda. 17 de Julio 5-21, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador;
| | - Eloy Fernández-Cusimamani
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
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Khan A, Wang W, Ji J, Ling Z, Liu P, Xiao S, Han H, Salama ES, Kumar Khanal S, Li X. Fermented lily bulbs by "Jiangshui" probiotics improves lung health in mice. Food Chem 2024; 440:138270. [PMID: 38150908 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Limited application in protecting lung health is attributed to the low levels of active compounds in lily plant bulbs. This study focused on enhancing the active compounds by fermenting Lilium davidii (Lanzhou Lily) bulbs with Limosilactobacillus fermentum GR-3, isolated from Jiangshui. Lily fermented bulbs with strain GR-3 (LFB+GR-3) increased the bioavailability of hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 22-tetrahydroxy-5alpha-cholestan-6-one-3-O-beta-d-allopyranoside, 22-O-(6-deoxy-Alpha-l-mannopyranosyl)-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-pregn-5-en-20-one, 1-O-trans-feruloylglycerol, and 3,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid. LFB+GR-3 fraction was employed to treat the mice model exposed to the carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the deposition of CBNPs and damages in lung tissues were limited in the LFB+GR-3 treatment group, while TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-6 were elevated by 6.9, 4.3, and 7 folds in the CBNP exposure group. In addition, Lactobacillus, Escherichia, Lactococcus, and Muribacter were dominant in the lung microbiota of LFB+GR-3 than the CBNP group. The use of probiotic fermented lily bulbs might be helpful in lung infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, PR China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Weidong Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Jing Ji
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Ling
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, PR China
| | - Pu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, PR China
| | - Sa Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, PR China
| | - Huawen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, and College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, PR China
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Mānoa (UHM), Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, PR China.
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