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Yu A, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Yang K, Liu X, Liu H, Xie J, Feng Y, Li J, Jia C. A TICT-AIE activated dual-channel fluorescence-on probe to reveal the dynamics mechanosensing of lipid droplets during ferroptosis. Talanta 2024; 274:126028. [PMID: 38599126 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical forces play a crucial role in cellular processes, including ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death associated with various diseases. However, the mechanical aspects of organelle lipid droplets (LDs) during ferroptosis are poorly understood. In this study, we designed and synthesized a fluorescent probe, TPE-V1, to enable real-time monitoring of LDs' viscosity using a dual-channel fluorescence-on model (red channel at 617 nm and NIR channel at 710 nm). The fluorescent imaging of using TPE-V1 was achieved due to the integrated mechanisms of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) and aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Through dual-emission channel fluorescence imaging, we observed the enhanced mechanical energy of LDs triggering cellular mechanosensing, including ferroptosis and cell deformation. Theoretical calculations confirmed the probe's behavior, showing that high-viscosity media prevented the rotation processes and restored fluorescence quenching in low viscosity. These findings suggest that our TICT-TPE design strategy provides a practical approach to study LDs' mechanical properties during ferroptosis. This development enhances our understanding of the interplay between mechanical forces and LDs, contributing to the knowledge of ferroptotic cell death and potential therapeutic interventions targeting dysregulated cell death processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Yu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Qiangsheng Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Kunlong Yang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiongbo Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jialin Xie
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Jianwei Li
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, Turku, 20520, Finland.
| | - Chunman Jia
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Analytical & Testing Center, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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2
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Gao YY, He J, Li XH, Li JH, Wu H, Wen T, Li J, Hao GF, Yoon J. Fluorescent chemosensors facilitate the visualization of plant health and their living environment in sustainable agriculture. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6992-7090. [PMID: 38841828 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00504f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Globally, 91% of plant production encounters diverse environmental stresses that adversely affect their growth, leading to severe yield losses of 50-60%. In this case, monitoring the connection between the environment and plant health can balance population demands with environmental protection and resource distribution. Fluorescent chemosensors have shown great progress in monitoring the health and environment of plants due to their high sensitivity and biocompatibility. However, to date, no comprehensive analysis and systematic summary of fluorescent chemosensors used in monitoring the correlation between plant health and their environment have been reported. Thus, herein, we summarize the current fluorescent chemosensors ranging from their design strategies to applications in monitoring plant-environment interaction processes. First, we highlight the types of fluorescent chemosensors with design strategies to resolve the bottlenecks encountered in monitoring the health and living environment of plants. In addition, the applications of fluorescent small-molecule, nano and supramolecular chemosensors in the visualization of the health and living environment of plants are discussed. Finally, the major challenges and perspectives in this field are presented. This work will provide guidance for the design of efficient fluorescent chemosensors to monitor plant health, and then promote sustainable agricultural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Jie He
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
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Sreejaya MM, M Pillai V, A A, Baby M, Bera M, Gangopadhyay M. Mechanistic analysis of viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes for applications in diabetes detection. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2917-2937. [PMID: 38421297 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02697c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most detrimental diseases affecting the human life because it can initiate several other afflictions such as liver damage, kidney malfunctioning, and cardiac inflammation. The primary method for diabetes diagnosis involves the analysis of blood samples to quantify the level of glucose, while secondary diagnostic methods involve the qualitative analysis of obesity, fatigue, etc. However, all these symptoms start showing up only when the patient has been suffering from diabetes for a certain period of time. In order to avoid such delay in diagnosis, the development of specific fluorescent probes has attracted considerable attention. Prominent biomarkers for diabetes include abundance of certain analytes in blood serum, e.g., glucose, methylglyoxal, albumin, and reactive oxygen species; high intracellular viscosity; alteration of enzyme functionality, etc. Among these, high viscosity can greatly affect the fluorescence properties of various chromophores owing to the environment sensitivity of fluorescence spectra. In this review article, we have illustrated the application of some prominent fluorophores such as coumarin, BODIPY, xanthene, and rhodamine in the development of viscosity-dependent fluorescent probes. Detailed mechanistic aspects determining the influence of viscosity on the fluorescent properties of the probes have also been elaborated. Fluorescence mechanisms that are directly affected by the high-viscosity heterogeneous microenvironment are based on intramolecular rotations like twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT), aggregation-induced emission (AIE), and through-bond energy transfer (TBET). In this regard, this review article will be highly useful for researchers working in the field of diabetes treatment and fluorescent probes. It also provides a platform for the planning of futuristic clinical translation of fluorescent probes for the early-stage diagnosis and therapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Sreejaya
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India.
| | - Vineeth M Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India.
| | - Ayesha A
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India.
| | - Maanas Baby
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India.
| | | | - Moumita Gangopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525, India.
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Han LL, Pan W, He SL, Tang MY, Cheng XL, Cao XQ, Shen SL, Pang XH, Zhu Y. Carbazole-based mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probes for in vivo viscosity and cyanide detection in cells and zebrafish. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107023. [PMID: 38091719 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Cells of most eukaryotic species contain mitochondria, which play a role in physiological processes such as cellular senescence, metabolism, and autophagy. Viscosity is considered a key marker for many illnesses and is involved in several crucial physiological processes. Cyanide (CN-) can target cytochrome-c oxidase, disrupting the mitochondrial electron transport chain and causing cell death through asphyxiation. In this study, a fluorescent probe named HL-1, which targets mitochondria and measures viscosity and CN- levels, was designed and synthesized. HL-1 is viscosity-sensitive, with a linear correlation coefficient of up to 0.992. In addition, HL-1 was found to change color substantially during a nucleophilic addition reaction with CN-, which has a low detection limit of 47 nM. HL-1 not only detects viscosity and exogenous CN- in SKOV-3 cells and zebrafish but also monitors viscosity changes during mitochondrial autophagy in real time. Furthermore, HL-1 has been used successfully to monitor changes in mitochondrial membrane potential during apoptosis. Endogenous CN- in plant samples was quantified. HL-1 provides new ideas for studying viscosity and CN-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Han
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Wei Pan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Shu-Long He
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Meng-Yu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Xue-Li Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qun Cao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Shi-Li Shen
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Xian-Hong Pang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China.
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China.
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Liu HJ, Zhu MS, Zhang G, Sun R, Xu YJ, Ge JF. Viscosity probes towards different organelles with red emission based on an identical hemicyanine structure. Analyst 2023; 148:4463-4469. [PMID: 37565801 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00550j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of viscosity probes targeting different organelles were obtained using a single hemicyanine dye as the matrix structure. Specifically, probes 1a-d were obtained by introducing four amines (6-amino-2H-chromen-2-one, N-(2-aminoethyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide, dodecan-1-amine and N,N diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine) into the indole hemicyanine dye of the carboxylic acid with a D-π-A structure. Their maximum absorption wavelengths were in the range 570-586 nm and they had relatively large molar absorption coefficients, while their maximum emission wavelengths in the red light region were in the range 596-611 nm. Moreover, their fluorescence intensity in glycerol was 35-184 times higher than that in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The lg(Fl) and lg η of probes 1a-d showed good linearity with high correlation coefficients according to the Förster-Hoffman equation. In addition, cell staining experiments demonstrated that 1a-c could target lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, respectively. They could also undergo viscosity-detectable changes in the corresponding organelles under the action of the corresponding ion carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jiao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Ming-Sen Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ru Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yu-Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian-Feng Ge
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
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Light, Water, and Melatonin: The Synergistic Regulation of Phase Separation in Dementia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065835. [PMID: 36982909 PMCID: PMC10054283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The swift rise in acceptance of molecular principles defining phase separation by a broad array of scientific disciplines is shadowed by increasing discoveries linking phase separation to pathological aggregations associated with numerous neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, that contribute to dementia. Phase separation is powered by multivalent macromolecular interactions. Importantly, the release of water molecules from protein hydration shells into bulk creates entropic gains that promote phase separation and the subsequent generation of insoluble cytotoxic aggregates that drive healthy brain cells into diseased states. Higher viscosity in interfacial waters and limited hydration in interiors of biomolecular condensates facilitate phase separation. Light, water, and melatonin constitute an ancient synergy that ensures adequate protein hydration to prevent aberrant phase separation. The 670 nm visible red wavelength found in sunlight and employed in photobiomodulation reduces interfacial and mitochondrial matrix viscosity to enhance ATP production via increasing ATP synthase motor efficiency. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that lowers viscosity to increase ATP by scavenging excess reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Reduced viscosity by light and melatonin elevates the availability of free water molecules that allow melatonin to adopt favorable conformations that enhance intrinsic features, including binding interactions with adenosine that reinforces the adenosine moiety effect of ATP responsible for preventing water removal that causes hydrophobic collapse and aggregation in phase separation. Precise recalibration of interspecies melatonin dosages that account for differences in metabolic rates and bioavailability will ensure the efficacious reinstatement of the once-powerful ancient synergy between light, water, and melatonin in a modern world.
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Zhu MS, Zhang G, Xu YJ, Sun R, Ge JF. Conjugated structures based on quinazolinones and their application in fluorescent labeling. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1992-2000. [PMID: 36789736 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02293a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
As an alkaloid, quinazolinone exhibits excellent biological properties; structurally, it also has the potential to construct fluorescent probes with conjugated structures. In this work, probes 5a-c and 6b were obtained by introducing quinazolone into aldehydes with different numbers of double bonds. Their absorption maxima were located at 420-540 nm and their emission maxima were at 500-600 nm in solvents of different polarities. In particular, probe 5c showed significant fluorescence enhancement with the increase in viscosity due to the limited intramolecular rotation, and its fluorescence intensity in glycerol was 37.8 times higher than that in water. Moreover, probes 5a-c and 6b containing the NH structure showed sensitive response to pH, and their fluorescence intensity in alkaline solution (pH 9-11) was suddenly enhanced, which was elucidated with the help of theoretical calculation. In addition, the cell experiments showed that probes 5a and 5b had the ability to target mitochondria and probes 5c and 6b targeted lysosomes in HeLa cells. Furthermore, the viscosity-sensitive probe 5c could be used for monitoring changes in lysosomal viscosity in HeLa cells, which had important guiding significance for designing multi-response fluorogenic probes and promoting the advancement of cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sen Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu-Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ru Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jian-Feng Ge
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
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Ascorbic Acid-Caused Quenching Effect of Protein Clusteroluminescence Probe: The Fast Fluorescent Detection of Ascorbic Acid in Vegetables. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052162. [PMID: 36903407 PMCID: PMC10003969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It is interesting and meaningful to explore fluorescent probes for novel rapid detection methods. In this study, we discovered a natural fluorescence probe, bovine serum albumin (BSA), for the assay of ascorbic acid (AA). Due to clusterization-triggered emission (CTE), BSA has the character of clusteroluminescence. AA shows an obvious fluorescence quenching effect on BSA, and the quenching effect increases with increasing concentrations of AA. After optimization, a method for the rapid detection of AA is established by the AA-caused fluorescence quenching effect. The fluorescence quenching effect reaches saturation after 5 min of incubation time and the fluorescence is stable within more than one hour, suggesting a rapid and stable fluorescence response. Moreover, the proposed assay method shows good selectivity and a wide linear range. To further study the mechanisms of AA-caused fluorescence quenching effect, some thermodynamic parameters are calculated. The main intermolecular force between BSA and AA is electrostatic, presumably leading to the inhibiting CTE process of BSA. This method also shows acceptable reliability for the real vegetable sample assay. In summary, this work will not only provide an assay strategy for AA, but also open an avenue for the application expansion of CTE effect of natural biomacromolecules.
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