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Zhou J, Tang X, Li J, Dang S, Ma H, Zhang Y. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide insights into the responses to high temperature stress in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:776. [PMID: 39143536 PMCID: PMC11325607 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
High temperature stress is one of the most severe forms of abiotic stress in alfalfa. With the intensification of climate change, the frequency of high temperature stress will further increase in the future, which will bring challenges to the growth and development of alfalfa. Therefore, untargeted metabolomic and RNA-Seq profiling were implemented to unravel the possible alteration in alfalfa seedlings subjected to different temperature stress (25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃) in this study. Results revealed that High temperature stress significantly altered some pivotal transcripts and metabolites. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) markedly up and down-regulated was 1876 and 1524 in T30_vs_CK, 2, 815 and 2667 in T35_vs_CK, and 2115 and 2, 226 in T40_vs_CK, respectively. The number for significantly up-regulated and down-regulated differential metabolites was 173 and 73 in T30_vs_CK, 188 and 57 in T35_vs_CK, and 220 and 66 in T40_vs_CK, respectively. It is worth noting that metabolomics and transcriptomics co-analysis characterized enriched in plant hormone signal transduction (ko04705), glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism (ko00630), from which some differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites participated. In particular, the content of hormone changed significantly under T40 stress, suggesting that maintaining normal hormone synthesis and metabolism may be an important way to improve the HTS tolerance of alfalfa. The qRT-PCR further showed that the expression pattern was similar to the expression abundance in the transcriptome. This study provides a practical and in-depth perspective from transcriptomics and metabolomics in investigating the effects conferred by temperature on plant growth and development, which provided the theoretical basis for breeding heat-resistant alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xueshen Tang
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China
| | - Shizhuo Dang
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China
| | - Haimei Ma
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China.
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Méndez-Yáñez A, Carrasco-Orellana C, Ramos P, Morales-Quintana L. Alpha-expansins: more than three decades of wall creep and loosening in fruits. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:84. [PMID: 38995453 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Expansins are proteins without catalytic activity, but able to break hydrogen bonds between cell wall polysaccharides hemicellulose and cellulose. This proteins were reported for the first time in 1992, describing cell wall extension in cucumber hypocotyls caused particularly by alpha-expansins. Although these proteins have GH45 and CBM63 domains, characteristic of enzymes related with the cleavage of cell wall polysaccharides, demonstrating in vitro that they extend plant cell wall. Its participation has been associated to molecular processes such as development and growing, fruit ripening and softening, tolerance and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress and seed germination. Structural insights, facilitated by bioinformatics approaches, are highlighted, shedding light on the intricate interactions between alpha-expansins and cell wall polysaccharides. After more than thirty years of its discovery, we want to celebrate the knowledge of alpha-expansins and emphasize their importance to understand the phenomena of disassembly and loosening of the cell wall, specifically in the fruit ripening phenomena, with this state-of-the-art dedicated to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Méndez-Yáñez
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Poniente No. 1670, Talca, Chile.
| | - Cristian Carrasco-Orellana
- División Agroindustrial de Empresas Carozzi S. A., Desarrollo E Innovación Aplicada Agrozzi, Centro Tecnológico de Investigación, Teno, Chile
| | - Patricio Ramos
- Plant Microorganism Interaction Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Luis Morales-Quintana
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Poniente No. 1670, Talca, Chile.
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Wang H, Wei B, Qi L, Chen Y, Chen K, Liu D, Su X, Zhang Y, Li L. Deciphering the maize gene ZmGF14-3: implications for plant height based on co-expression networks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1397058. [PMID: 39036353 PMCID: PMC11257910 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1397058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The evolutionary analysis showed that the GF14 family was conserved, however, there was limited evidence linking GF14s to plant height. In our investigations, we discovered a co-expression relationship between ZmGF14s and functionally characterized genes linked to plant height. In the co-expression network, we identified ZmGF14-3, a gene expression exhibiting a positive correlation with plant height in three maize varieties, we postulated that this gene could be intimately linked to plant height development. Subsequently, we cloned ZmGF14-3 from the maize B73 inbred line and overexpressed it in Arabidopsis, resulting in markedly dwarfed transgenic phenotypes. Measurements of endogenous phytohormones disclosed a significant reduction in concentrations of Gibberellic Acid 7 (GA7) and Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) in the overexpressed Arabidopsis, furthermore, qPCR results highlighted a pronounced decrease in the expression levels of plant height-related genes when compared to the wild type, therefore, it is plausible to posit that ZmGF14-3 plays a pivotal role in regulating the growth and development of maize through interactions with various phytohormone-related genes. Thus, delving into the potential interactions between ZmGF14-3 and these genes holds the promise of yielding valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning plant height development in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengsheng Wang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Blueberry Engineering Technology Research Center of Anhui, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- College of Geographic Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinhai, China
| | - Bo Wei
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lulu Qi
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Blueberry Engineering Technology Research Center of Anhui, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yansong Chen
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Blueberry Engineering Technology Research Center of Anhui, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kelong Chen
- College of Geographic Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinhai, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, Anqing Vocational and Technical College, Anqing, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Su
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinhai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Blueberry Engineering Technology Research Center of Anhui, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingling Li
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Blueberry Engineering Technology Research Center of Anhui, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Cui Y, Ji X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Bai Q, Su S. Transcriptomic and Metabolic Profiling Reveal the Mechanism of Ovule Development in Castanea mollissima. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1974. [PMID: 38396651 PMCID: PMC10888392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovule abortion, which is the main cause of empty burs in the Chinese chestnut, affects the formation of embryos and further reduces yield; therefore, it is important to study the mechanism of ovule abortion. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomic and metabolomic data of ovules at critical developmental stages to explore the key regulatory networks affecting ovule development. The metabolites were enriched mainly in pathways involved in phytohormone signaling, energy metabolism, and amino acid synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that the HSP genes were significantly down-regulated during fertilization, indicating that this process is extremely sensitive to temperature. The hormone and sucrose contents of ovules before and after fertilization and of fertile and abortive ovules at different developmental stages showed significant differences, and it is hypothesized that that abnormal temperature may disrupt hormone synthesis, affecting the synthesis and catabolism of sucrose and ultimately resulting in the abortive development of Chinese chestnut ovules. At the pollination and fertilization stage of chestnuts, spraying with ethylene, ACC, and AIB significantly increased the number of developing fruit in each prickly pod compared to CK (water) treatment. These results indicated that both ethylene and ACC increased the rate of ovule development. This study provides an important theoretical molecular basis for the subsequent regulation of ovule development and nut yield in the Chinese chestnut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Cui
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (X.J.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xingzhou Ji
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (X.J.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (X.J.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
| | - Qian Bai
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (X.J.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuchai Su
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (X.J.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
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Hu Y, Li Y, Zhu B, Huang W, Chen J, Wang F, Chen Y, Wang M, Lai H, Zhou Y. Genome-wide identification of the expansin gene family in netted melon and their transcriptional responses to fruit peel cracking. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1332240. [PMID: 38322822 PMCID: PMC10846642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1332240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Fruit cracking not only affects the appearance of netted melons (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus Naud.) but also decreases their marketability. Methods Herein, to comprehensively understand the role of expansin (EXP) proteins in netted melon, bioinformatics methods were employed to discover the EXP gene family in the melon genome and analyze its characteristic features. Furthermore, transcriptomics analysis was performed to determine the expression patterns of melon EXP (CmEXP) genes in crack-tolerant and crack-susceptible netted melon varieties. Discussion Thirty-three CmEXP genes were identified. Chromosomal location analysis revealed that CmEXP gene distribution was uneven on 12 chromosomes. In addition, phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that CmEXP genes could be categorized into four subgroups, among which the EXPA subgroup had the most members. The same subgroup members shared similar protein motifs and gene structures. Thirteen duplicate events were identified in the 33 CmEXP genes. Collinearity analysis revealed that the CmEXP genes had 50, 50, and 44 orthologous genes with EXP genes in cucumber, watermelon, and Arabidopsis, respectively. However, only nine orthologous EXP genes were observed in rice. Promoter cis-acting element analysis demonstrated that numerous cis-acting elements in the upstream promoter region of CmEXP genes participate in plant growth, development, and environmental stress responses. Transcriptomics analysis revealed 14 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the non-cracked fruit peels between the crack-tolerant variety 'Xizhoumi 17' (N17) and the crack-susceptible variety 'Xizhoumi 25' (N25). Among the 14 genes, 11 were upregulated, whereas the remaining three were downregulated in N17. In the non-cracked (N25) and cracked (C25) fruit peels of 'Xizhoumi 25', 24 DEGs were identified, and 4 of them were upregulated, whereas the remaining 20 were downregulated in N25. In the two datasets, only CmEXPB1 exhibited consistently upregulated expression, indicating its importance in the fruit peel crack resistance of netted melon. Transcription factor prediction revealed 56 potential transcription factors that regulate CmEXPB1 expression. Results Our study findings enrich the understanding of the CmEXP gene family and present candidate genes for the molecular breeding of fruit peel crack resistance of netted melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Hu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- The Institute of Vegetables, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hainan Province, Hainan Vegetable Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Haikou, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
- The Institute of Vegetables, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hainan Province, Hainan Vegetable Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Haikou, China
| | - Baibi Zhu
- The Institute of Vegetables, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hainan Province, Hainan Vegetable Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Haikou, China
| | - Wenfeng Huang
- The Institute of Vegetables, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hainan Province, Hainan Vegetable Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Haikou, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Yisong Chen
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- The Institute of Vegetables, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hainan Province, Hainan Vegetable Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Haikou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- The Institute of Vegetables, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hainan Province, Hainan Vegetable Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Haikou, China
| | - Hanggui Lai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
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