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Wang Y, Yang Y, Xu L, Qiu C, Jiao A, Jin Z. Rheology and stability mechanism of pH-responsive high internal phase emulsion constructed gel by pea protein and hydroxypropyl starch. Food Chem 2024; 440:138233. [PMID: 38142551 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for stable, highly viscoelastic, and printable emulsion gels based on pea protein (PeaP) as a substitute for animal fat. In this article, a simple pH modulation strategy was applied to regulate high internal phase (HIPE) gels prepared from PeaP and hydroxypropyl starch (HPS). The results showed that the interfacial tension of PeaP decreased from 11.9 to 7.1 mN/m at 5% PeaP and from 9.9 to 6.3 mN/m at 10% PeaP with increasing pH from 7 to 11. The incorporation of HPS improved the strength and physical stability of the HIPE gel. HIPE gels showed the best three-dimensional printing ability at pH 11. The main mechanism of HIPE gels at pH 3 was hydrophobic interaction, while electrostatic interaction dominated at pH 7, 9, and 11. This study may provide insights into the development of PeaP-based HIPE gels as a printable fat alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Yueyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Liangyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Aiquan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Wanjun X, Qingqing Y, Yaqi Z, Yu F, Qiaoyu C, Ruichang G, Yulong B. Insight into the mechanism of the decrease in mechanical strength and water-holding capacity of gels made from oxidized gelatin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128842. [PMID: 38104692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oxidation on the physicochemical properties of gelatin and gelatin gels. Porcine skin gelatin was oxidized with different concentrations of H2O2 (0-30 mM). Upon oxidation of gelatin, a significant modification of amino acid residues including glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine occurred. Zeta-potential, ordered secondary structure and the fraction of triple-helix decreased, while particle size and surface hydrophobicity increased. Gels made from oxidized gelatin showed a looser network structure indicated by scanning electron microscope, and the gels had a weakened mechanical strength and water-holding as compared to non-oxidized gelatin gels. Based on these results, a mechanism of how oxidation affects the gelatin gel properties was proposed: Oxidation-induced increase of hydrophobicity and decrease of net charges promoted aggregation between gelatin molecules, thereby limiting the formation of triple-helix, which subsequently leads to a loose network structure and eventually a weakened gel strength and water-holding capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wanjun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Yu Qingqing
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Zhang Yaqi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Fu Yu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cheng Qiaoyu
- Jingjiang College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Gao Ruichang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
| | - Bao Yulong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
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