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Eze FN, Muangrat R, Singh S, Jirarattanarangsri W, Siriwoharn T, Chalermchat Y. Upcycling of Defatted Sesame Seed Meal via Protein Amyloid-Based Nanostructures: Preparation, Characterization, and Functional and Antioxidant Attributes. Foods 2024; 13:2281. [PMID: 39063365 PMCID: PMC11276470 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, the possibility of valorizing defatted sesame seed meal (DSSM) as a viable source for valuable plant proteins and amyloid-based nanostructure was investigated. Sesame seed protein isolate (SSPI) and the major storage protein globulin (SSG) were prepared by alkaline extraction-isoelectric point precipitation as well as fractionation in the case of SSG. The protein samples were characterized for their physicochemical attributes. SSPI and SSG were also evaluated for their ability to form amyloid structures under heating (90 °C) at low pH (2.0). Additionally, the functional attributes, antioxidant activity, and biocompatibility of the proteins and amyloid nanostructures were also examined. SSPI and SSG were both successfully prepared from DSSM. The data showed that the physicochemical attributes of both protein samples were quite similar, except for the fact that SSG was mostly composed of 11S globulin, as evinced by Tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis. TEM micrographs revealed that SSG was able to form curly-shaped fibrillar amyloid structures, whereas those derived from SSPI were mostly amorphous. Thioflavin-T assay and Tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that acidic heating promoted protein hydrolysis and self-aggregation of the hydrolyzed peptides into a β-sheet rich amyloid structure. Importantly, the amyloid preparations displayed commendable solubility, superior water and oil holding capacities, and antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS. The protein amyloid nanostructures were found to be non-toxic against RAW264.7 cells, HaCaT cells, and red blood cells. These findings indicate that DSSM could be upcycled into valuable protein amyloid structures with good potentialities as novel food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick Nwude Eze
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (W.J.); (T.S.); (Y.C.)
| | - Rattana Muangrat
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (W.J.); (T.S.); (Y.C.)
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- School of Medical & Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram 122103, India;
| | | | - Thanyaporn Siriwoharn
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (W.J.); (T.S.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yongyut Chalermchat
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (W.J.); (T.S.); (Y.C.)
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Dong Y, Li Y, Su W, Sun P, Yang H, Li Q, Du S, Yu X. Differential metabolic networks in three energy substances of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) during germination. Food Chem 2024; 443:138463. [PMID: 38280366 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Germinated flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an essential potential food ingredient, but the major energy substances (proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) metabolites and metabolic pathways are unknown. Comprehensive metabolomic analyses were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry on flaxseed from 0 to 7 d. Additionally, the critical metabolites pathways networks of three energy substances metabolites during flaxseed germination were exhibited. The results showed that arginine was the most active metabolite during germination, strongly associated with the arginine biosynthesis and arginine and proline metabolism pathways. Carbohydrates predominantly comprised sucrose on 0-3 d, which participated in galactose metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism. The main flaxseed phospholipid molecules were phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidic acid, and lysophosphatidylcholine during germination. This study underscores the paramount metabolic pathways in proteins, lipids and carbohydrates were arginine and proline metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism during germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Dong
- Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yonglin Li
- Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Weidong Su
- Ningxia Xingling Grain & Oil Co., Ltd, Yinchuan 751400, Ningxia, PR China
| | - Pengda Sun
- Ningxia Xingling Grain & Oil Co., Ltd, Yinchuan 751400, Ningxia, PR China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Shaanxi Guanzhongyoufang Oil Co., Ltd, Baoji 721000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuangkui Du
- Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiuzhu Yu
- Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
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