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Yazid SNE, Selamat J, Ismail SI, Sanny M, Samsudin NIP. Molecular and aflatoxigenicity analyses of Aspergillus flavus isolates indigenous to grain corn in Malaysia; potentials for biological control. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae145. [PMID: 38877665 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The present work aimed to distinguish the indigenous Aspergillus flavus isolates obtained from the first (pioneer) grain corn farms in Terengganu, Malaysia, into aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic by molecular and aflatoxigenicity analyses, and determine the antagonistic capability of the non-aflatoxigenic isolates against aflatoxigenic counterparts and their aflatoxin production in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven A. flavus isolates previously obtained from the farms were characterized molecularly and chemically. All isolates were examined for the presence of seven aflatoxin biosynthesis genes, and their aflatoxigenicity was confirmed using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. Phylogenetic relationships of all isolates were tested using ITS and β-tubulin genes. Of the seven isolates, two were non-aflatoxigenic, while the remaining were aflatoxigenic based on the presence of all aflatoxin biosynthesis genes tested and the productions of aflatoxins B1 and B2. All isolates were also confirmed as A. flavus following phylogenetic analysis. The indigenous non-aflatoxigenic isolates were further examined for their antagonistic potential against aflatoxigenic isolates on 3% grain corn agar. Both non-aflatoxigenic isolates significantly reduced AFB1 production of the aflatoxigenic isolates. CONCLUSION The indigenous non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains identified in the present work were effective in controlling the aflatoxin production by the aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates in vitro and can be utilized for in situ testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Ezzati Yazid
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Izera Ismail
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maimunah Sanny
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Li H, Shang Q, Zhang L, Mao J, Zhang Q, Li P. Europium nanospheres based ultrasensitive fluorescence immunosensor for aflatoxin B1 determination in feed. Talanta 2024; 270:125569. [PMID: 38141463 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new competitive immunosensor for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) detection was developed using europium (Eu) fluorescent nanospheres and magnetic beads. Firstly, Eu nanospheres were synthesized through two steps including carboxylated polystyrene nanospheres and Eu-doped polystyrene nanospheres preparation. Then Eu nanospheres were covalently tagged to anti-AFB1 monoclonal antibody (anti-AFB1 mAb) through an EDC coupling method. Carboxylated Fe3O4 magnetic beads were conjugated to AFB1-BSA through EDC/NHS crosslinking to obtain AFB1-BSA-Fe3O4. In the absence of AFB1, Eu-anti-AFB1 mAb were incubated with AFB1-BSA-Fe3O4 to form Eu-anti-AFB1 mAb-AFB1-BSA-Fe3O4 in PBS buffer. However, in the presence of AFB1, the competitive interaction of AFB1 and AFB1-BSA-Fe3O4 to bind with Eu-anti-AFB1 mAb occurred. With the increasing concentration of AFB1, less Eu-anti-AFB1 mAb-AFB1-BSA-Fe3O4 formed. So the fluorescence intensity of Eu-anti-AFB1 mAb-AFB1-BSA-Fe3O4 was gradually decreased after magnetic separation. The degree of fluorescence decrease was linear with respect to the logarithm of AFB1 concentration in the range of 0.01-2 ng/mL in both buffer solution and feed samples and the detection limit was 0.003 ng/mL. What's more, the immunosensor showed excellent specificity for AFB1 without being interfered by other mycotoxins. In consideration of the excellent performance of this immunosensor, we can speculate that the proposed method could be widely used in detecting food contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Qingyu Shang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jin Mao
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Wuhan, 430062, China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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3
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Ji J, Wang D, Wang Y, Hou J. Relevant mycotoxins in oil crops, vegetable oils, de-oiled cake and meals: Occurrence, control, and recent advances in elimination. Mycotoxin Res 2024; 40:45-70. [PMID: 38133731 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00512-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins in agricultural commodities have always been a concern due to their negative impacts on human and livestock health. Issues associated with quality control, hot and humid climate, improper storage, and inappropriate production can support the development of fungus, causing oil crops to suffer from mycotoxin contamination, which in turn migrates to the resulting oil, de-oiled cake and meals during the oil processing. Related research which supports the development of multi-mycotoxin prevention programs has resulted in satisfactory mitigation effects, mainly in the pre-harvest stage. Nevertheless, preventive actions are unlikely to avoid the occurrence of mycotoxins completely, so removal strategies may still be necessary to protect consumers. Elimination of mycotoxin has been achieved broadly through the physical, biological, or chemical course. In view of the steadily increasing volume of scientific literature regarding mycotoxins, there is a need for ongoing integrated knowledge systems. This work revisited the knowledge of mycotoxins affecting oilseeds, food oils, cake, and meals, focusing more on their varieties, toxicity, and preventive strategies, including the methods adopted in the decontamination, which supplement the available information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
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Yazid SNE, Tajudin NI, Razman NAA, Selamat J, Ismail SI, Sanny M, Samsudin NIP. Mycotoxigenic fungal growth inhibition and multi-mycotoxin reduction of potential biological control agents indigenous to grain maize. Mycotoxin Res 2023:10.1007/s12550-023-00484-4. [PMID: 37219742 PMCID: PMC10204017 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present work investigated the potential of fungal species from grain maize farms in Malaysia as antagonists against the indigenous mycotoxigenic fungal species and their subsequent mycotoxin production. Dual-culture assay was conducted on grain maize agar (GMA) with 12 strains of potential fungal antagonists namely Bjerkandra adusta, Penicillium janthinellum, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes cubensis, Trichoderma asperelloides, Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma yunnanense against seven mycotoxigenic strains namely Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium verticillioides, and Fusarium proliferatum producing aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and fumonisins, respectively. Based on fungal growth inhibition, Trichoderma spp. showed the highest inhibitory activity (73-100% PIRG, Percentage Inhibition of Radial Growth; 28/0 ID, Index of Dominance) against the tested mycotoxigenic strains. Besides, B. adusta and Tra. cubensis showed inhibitory activity against some of the tested mycotoxigenic strains. All fungal antagonists showed varying degrees of mycotoxin reduction. Aflatoxin B1 produced by A. flavus was mainly reduced by P. janthinellum, Tra. cubensis, and B. adusta to 0 ng/g. Ochratoxin A produced by A. niger was mainly reduced by Tri. harzianum and Tri. asperellum to 0 ng/g. Fumonisin B1 and FB2 produced by F. verticillioides was mainly reduced by Tri. harzianum, Tri. asperelloides, and Tri. asperellum to 59.4 and 0 µg/g, respectively. Fumonisin B1 and FB2 produced by F. proliferatum were mainly reduced by Tri. asperelloides and Tri. harzianum to 244.2 and 0 µg/g, respectively. This is the first study that reports on the efficacy of Tri. asperelloides against FB1, FB2, and OTA, P. janthinellum against AFB1, and Tra. cubensis against AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Ezzati Yazid
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Izzah Tajudin
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aina Aribah Razman
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Izera Ismail
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maimunah Sanny
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Lu L, Yu R, Zhang L. AFB1 colorimetric aptamer sensor for the detection of AFB1 in ten different kinds of miscellaneous beans based on gold nanoparticles and smartphone imaging. Food Chem 2023; 421:136205. [PMID: 37094407 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, low-cost, sensitive, intuitive, visual, label-free, colorimetric smartphone-assisted assay was developed for the measurement of aflatoxin B1 in miscellaneous beans. Ten different kinds of miscellaneous beans were treated and measured by modified QuEChERS(Quick、Easy、Cheap、Effective、Rugged、Safe) method with aflatoxin B1 nucleic acid aptamer as a recognition element and gold nanoparticles as indicators. Several factors influencing its sensitivity were investigated, including consumes and NaCl concentrations, as well as incubation time and specificity. The results showed a good linear relationship between concentrations of 0.2-8.0 ng/g under optimal conditions. With a detection limit of 0.08 ng/g, the linear regression equation was Y = 0.024X + 0.4615 (R = 0.9989). Sensor specificity is good. The content of aflatoxin B1 in bean samples was determined successfully. The recovery of aflatoxin B1 ranged from 87.18% to 110.24%. The whole thing took 15 min. This smartphone-assisted colorimetric aptamer sensor can be used to detect aflatoxin B1 in beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Lu
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 5 Xinfeng Road, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Runzhong Yu
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 5 Xinfeng Road, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 5 Xinfeng Road, Daqing 163319, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center, Daqing 163319, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing and Quality Safety of Heilongjiang province, Daqing 163319, PR China.
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6
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Salisu B, Anua SM, Wan Rosli WI, Mazlan N, Haron R. Ultra-fast RP-HPLC-FD-DAD for quantification of total aflatoxins in maize, rice, wheat, peanut and poultry feed without sample clean up, and population exposure risk assessment in Katsina, Nigeria: an optimization study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:541-553. [PMID: 35531950 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2073151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the development and validation of a simple, yet efficient method called the ultra-fast reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence and photodiode array detector (UF-RP-HPLC-FD-DAD) to extract and quantify the total aflatoxin from grains and poultry feed. The proposed method is used to determine the total aflatoxin content in 150 samples of maize, rice, wheat, peanut and poultry feed obtained from open markets in a state in Nigeria. The extent of consumer exposure to aflatoxins and the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are evaluated. The UF-RP-HPLC-FD-DAD method was found to be satisfactorily accurate, sensitive and reliable as ascertained by its excellent validation outcomes (R2 > 0.999, LoD < 0.08 ng g-1, LoQ < 0.2 ng g-1, recovery = 90-102%). The aflatoxin levels in food grains and poultry feed samples obtained in this study implied a moderate dietary exposure of between 10.67 and 20.77 ng/kg BW/day, in which the risk of developing HCC was estimated to be between 6.27 and 21.40% per 100,000 adults/year. Hence, greater monitoring of marketed food and feed is required, besides the deployment of strict controls and preventive techniques to minimize the population's exposure to a high dietary level of aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baha'uddeen Salisu
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - Siti Marwanis Anua
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ishak Wan Rosli
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurzafirah Mazlan
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Rosliza Haron
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Isolation and Purification of a Hydrophobic Non-Ribosomal Peptide from an Escherichia coli Fermentation Broth. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8120241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs) generate versatile bioactive peptides by incorporating non-proteinogenic amino acids and catalyzing diverse modifications. Here, we developed an efficient downstream process for the capture, intermediate purification and polishing of a rhabdopeptide (RXP) produced by the NRPS VietABC. Many typical unit operations were unsuitable due to the similar physical and chemical properties of the RXP and related byproducts. However, we were able to capture the RXP from a fermentation broth using a hydrophobic resin (XAD-16N), resulting in a 14-fold increase in concentration while removing salts as well as polar and weak non-polar impurities. We then used ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) for intermediate purification, with optimized parameters determined using statistical experimental designs, resulting in the complete removal of hydrophobic impurities. Finally, the UHPLC eluents were removed by evaporation. Our three-step downstream process achieved an overall product recovery of 81.7 ± 8.4%.
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8
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Development of a colorimetric aptasensor for aflatoxin B1 detection based on silver nanoparticle aggregation induced by positively charged perylene diimide. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Effective Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A Using Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: Isotherm and Kinetic Study. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11111346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the approaches for reducing exposure to mycotoxins is to lessen their bioavailability by applying nanocomposite adsorbents. Magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) is a new class of nanostructured multifunctional nanocomposite materials, which play a vital role as an adsorbent. The primary aim of this study is to apply response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the influence of pH within the range of 3 to 7, time (3–7 h), and temperature (30–50 °C), on the simultaneous detoxification of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) by using MGO. The optimal condition was obtained at pH 5, 5 h, and 40 °C. Further investigation of the adsorption evaluation was carried out by studying different parameters, such as the influence of contact time, initial mycotoxins concentration, and temperature. According to the experimental data, it can be concluded that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm fitted well. The capability of adsorption for the Freundlich model was calculated as 153 and 95 ng/g for AFB1 and OTA, respectively. The thermodynamic study showed that the sorption studies act spontaneously as an exothermic process. These findings suggest that the application of MGO as a nanocomposite is of great significance for the detoxification of mycotoxins.
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Chen H, Han F, Mao B, Gu J, Li Y, Zhao C, Wang Y, Wang D, Zhan J. Rapid and label free detection of aflatoxin B 1 in alcoholic beverages with a microfluid fiber device. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:1924-1929. [PMID: 33690282 DOI: 10.1364/ao.414332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and label free aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) microfluid sensor was proposed and tested. The device was fabricated with hollow-core photonics crystal fiber infiltrated with the AFB1 solution. The autofluorescence emitting from the AFB1 molecules was detected. The sensor length was optimized. The AFB1 concentration was tested with a 4 cm long sensor. The best limit of detection was achieved as low as 1.34 ng/ml, which meets the test requirement of the national standards for AFB1 in food. The effectiveness of this sensor being applied in beer solution was also verified to be a little more sensitive than in aqueous solution. Compared with traditional AFB1 detection methods, the proposed single-ended device perfectly satisfies the demand of process control in alcoholic beverages manufacture.
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Afsah-Hejri L, Hajeb P, Ehsani RJ. Application of ozone for degradation of mycotoxins in food: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1777-1808. [PMID: 33337096 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins such as aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) fumonisins (FMN), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and patulin are stable at regular food process practices. Ozone (O3 ) is a strong oxidizer and generally considered as a safe antimicrobial agent in food industries. Ozone disrupts fungal cells through oxidizing sulfhydryl and amino acid groups of enzymes or attacks the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the cell wall. Fusarium is the most sensitive mycotoxigenic fungi to ozonation followed by Aspergillus and Penicillium. Studies have shown complete inactivation of Fusarium and Aspergillus by O3 gas. Spore germination and toxin production have also been reduced after ozone fumigation. Both naturally and artificially, mycotoxin-contaminated samples have shown significant mycotoxin reduction after ozonation. Although the mechanism of detoxification is not very clear for some mycotoxins, it is believed that ozone reacts with the functional groups in the mycotoxin molecules, changes their molecular structures, and forms products with lower molecular weight, less double bonds, and less toxicity. Although some minor physicochemical changes were observed in some ozone-treated foods, these changes may or may not affect the use of the ozonated product depending on the further application of it. The effectiveness of the ozonation process depends on the exposure time, ozone concentration, temperature, moisture content of the product, and relative humidity. Due to its strong oxidizing property and corrosiveness, there are strict limits for O3 gas exposure. O3 gas has limited penetration and decomposes quickly. However, ozone treatment can be used as a safe and green technology for food preservation and control of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Afsah-Hejri
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California
| | - Parvaneh Hajeb
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Reza J Ehsani
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California
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12
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Ahmadian F, Chaichi Nosrati A, Shahriari A, Faezi-Ghasemi M, Shokri S. Effects of zinc chelating nutrients on Aflatoxin production in Aspergillus flavus. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abbasi Pirouz A, Selamat J, Zafar Iqbal S, Iskandar Putra Samsudin N. Efficient and Simultaneous Chitosan-Mediated Removal of 11 Mycotoxins from Palm Kernel Cake. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12020115. [PMID: 32059551 PMCID: PMC7076780 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are an important class of pollutants that are toxic and hazardous to animal and human health. Consequently, various methods have been explored to abate their effects, among which adsorbent has found prominent application. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has recently been applied for the concurrent evaluation of multiple mycotoxins. This study investigated the optimization of the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins in palm kernel cake (PKC) using chitosan. The removal of 11 mycotoxins such as aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) and trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2 and T-2 toxin) from palm kernel cake (PKC) was studied. The effects of operating parameters such as pH (3–6), temperature (30–50 °C) and time (4–8 h) on the removal of the mycotoxins were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Response surface models obtained with R2 values ranging from 0.89–0.98 fitted well with the experimental data, except for the trichothecenes. The optimum point was obtained at pH 4, 8 h and 35 °C. The maximum removal achieved with chitosan for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, OTA, ZEA, FB1 and FB2 under the optimized conditions were 94.35, 45.90, 82.11, 84.29, 90.03, 51.30, 90.53 and 90.18%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Abbasi Pirouz
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.P.); (N.I.P.S.)
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Science, University of Malaya, 50603 UM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.P.); (N.I.P.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9769-1043
| | - Shahzad Zafar Iqbal
- Department Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.P.); (N.I.P.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Norlia M, Jinap S, Nor-Khaizura MAR, Radu S, Samsudin NIP, Azri FA. Aspergillus section Flavi and Aflatoxins: Occurrence, Detection, and Identification in Raw Peanuts and Peanut-Based Products Along the Supply Chain. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2602. [PMID: 31824445 PMCID: PMC6886384 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin contamination in foods is a global concern as they are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic compounds. The aflatoxin-producing fungi, mainly from the Aspergillus section Flavi, are ubiquitous in nature and readily contaminate various food commodities, thereby affecting human's health. The incidence of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins in various types of food, especially raw peanuts and peanut-based products along the supply chain has been a concern particularly in countries having tropical and sub-tropical climate, including Malaysia. These climatic conditions naturally support the growth of Aspergillus section Flavi, especially A. flavus, particularly when raw peanuts and peanut-based products are stored under inappropriate conditions. Peanut supply chain generally consists of several major stakeholders which include the producers, collectors, exporters, importers, manufacturers, retailers and finally, the consumers. A thorough examination of the processes along the supply chain reveals that Aspergillus section Flavi and aflatoxins could occur at any step along the chain, from farm to table. Thus, this review aims to give an overview on the prevalence of Aspergillus section Flavi and the occurrence of aflatoxins in raw peanuts and peanut-based products, the impact of aflatoxins on global trade, and aflatoxin management in peanuts with a special focus on peanut supply chain in Malaysia. Furthermore, aflatoxin detection and quantification methods as well as the identification of Aspergillus section Flavi are also reviewed herein. This review could help to shed light to the researchers, peanut stakeholders and consumers on the risk of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts along the supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahror Norlia
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Selamat Jinap
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Son Radu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Farah Asilah Azri
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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15
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John JM, Jinap S, Hanani ZAN, Nor-Khaizura MAR, Samsudin NIP. The effects of different packaging materials, temperatures and water activities to control aflatoxin B 1 production by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus in stored peanuts. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 56:3145-3150. [PMID: 31205369 PMCID: PMC6542873 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03652-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are secondary metabolites produced by aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, the most toxic being aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The purpose of the present work was to investigate the effects of industrial-grade packaging materials (low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene-laminated aluminium); temperatures (25 °C, 30 °C); and water activities (0.74 a w, 0.85 a w) on AFB1 production by A. flavus and A. parasiticus in stored peanut kernels. Commercially-obtained samples were segregated into packaging materials, separately inoculated with the aflatoxigenic Aspergillus spp., and stored for 1 month under various °C + a w regimes. AFB1 production was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). For A. flavus in PELA, no AFB1 was detected (100% reduction) at 25 °C for both a w tested. For A. parasiticus in PELA, no AFB1 was detected at 25 °C (0.85 a w) and 30 °C (0.74 a w). Highest concentration of AFB1 was detected in LDPE for both A. flavus (46.41 ppb) and A. parasiticus (414.42 ppb), followed by PP (A. flavus 24.29 ppb; A. parasiticus 386.73 ppb). In conclusion, storing peanut kernels in PELA in a dry place at room temperature has been demonstrated as an adequate and inexpensive method in inhibiting growth of Aspergillus spp. and lowering AFB1 contamination in peanuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Mark John
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Selamat Jinap
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Zainal Abedin Nur Hanani
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mahmud Ab Rashid Nor-Khaizura
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Yazid SNE, Thanggavelu H, Mahror N, Selamat J, Samsudin NIP. Formulation of maize- and peanut-based semi-synthetic growth media for the ecophysiological studies of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus in maize and peanut agro-ecosystems. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 282:57-65. [PMID: 29913332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In studying the ecophysiology of fungal phytopathogens, several stages are involved (in vitro, greenhouse, in planta). Most in vitro studies extensively utilise the general growth media such as Potato Dextrose Agar and Malt Extract Agar. Although the crop components in these media serve as excellent carbon sources and yield luxuriant growth, they are not naturally contaminated with Aspergillus flavus and thus might result in under- or overestimation of its actual toxigenic potentials. Empirical data on the formulation of semi-synthetic growth medium mimicking the natural crop commonly contaminated by A. flavus for the ecophysiological studies in vitro are scarce. The present work was aimed at investigating the ecophysiology of A. flavus on commercial growth media (PDA, MEA); formulating maize- and peanut-based semi-synthetic growth media using two methods of raw material preparation (milling, hot water extraction) at different concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7, 9% w/v), and comparing the ecophysiological parameters between commercial and formulated growth media. Growth rates were obtained by computing the hyphal expansion data into y = mx + c equation. AFB1 was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. Formulated media were found to yield significantly higher growth rates when compared to commercial media. However, commercial media yielded significantly higher AFB1 when compared to all formulated media. Between the two formulations, milling yielded significantly higher growth rates and AFB1 when compared to hot water extraction. Although in vitro data cannot directly extrapolate in planta performance, results obtained in the present work can be used to gauge the actual toxigenic potential of A. flavus in maize and peanut agro-ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Ezzati Yazid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hemashangari Thanggavelu
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norlia Mahror
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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17
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Saminathan M, Selamat J, Abbasi Pirouz A, Abdullah N, Zulkifli I. Effects of Nano-Composite Adsorbents on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry, and Organ Weights of Broilers Fed with Aflatoxin-Contaminated Feed. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E345. [PMID: 30150553 PMCID: PMC6162765 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10090345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploration of feed mycotoxin adsorbents to mitigate the adverse effects of mycotoxins on animals has received increasing attention over the last decade. The present study was conducted to assess the efficacy of nano-composite magnetic graphene oxide with chitosan (MGO-CTS) adsorbents against feed contaminated with ~20 ng/g (ppb) aflatoxin (AF). A total of three hundred 1-day-old chicks were randomly distributed into six dietary treatment groups, as follows: basal diet (broilers fed a diet with neither AF nor MGO-CTS added, T1), basal diet + 0.25% MGO-CTS (T2), basal diet + 0.50% MGO-CTS (T3), AF diet + 0.25% MGO-CTS (T4), AF diet + 0.50% MGO-CTS (T5), and AF diet (T6). The two inclusion levels (0.25 and 0.50%) of MGO-CTS significantly (p < 0.05) improved the growth performances and feed conversion ratios of the AF-treated chicks at 1⁻35 days of age, and the impact was more pronounced for 0.5% MGO-CTS. The AF intake markedly increased the relative weights of the liver and kidney, resulting in significant alterations in the serum biochemical parameters, such as albumins, alkaline phosphatase, and SGPT/alanine (ALT), at 35 days of age. However, the chickens fed 0.5% MGO-CTS with AF diets had apparent recovery or restoration of AF-induced organ lesions and aberrant serum profiles. A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the total AFs was observed in the gastrointestinal tracts of the chickens fed 0.25% or 0.50% adsorbent in combination with AF feed (T4 and T5), with decreases of 28.9% and 53.5%, respectively, compared with that in the chickens fed an AF-contaminated diet (T6). The results of the study indicated that a higher concentration of MGO-CTS (0.50%) was effective in improving the overall performance of broiler chickens by preventing the adverse effects associated with aflatoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mookiah Saminathan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Atena Abbasi Pirouz
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Norhani Abdullah
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Idrus Zulkifli
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
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18
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Norlia M, Nor-Khaizura MAR, Selamat J, Abu Bakar F, Radu S, Chin CK. Evaluation of aflatoxin and Aspergillus sp. contamination in raw peanuts and peanut-based products along this supply chain in Malaysia. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2018; 35:1787-1802. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2018.1488276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahror Norlia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden P. Pinang, Malaysia
| | - M. A. R. Nor-Khaizura
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
- Food Safety and Food Security (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Abu Bakar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Son Radu
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
- Food Safety and Food Security (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Cheow Keat Chin
- Food Safety and Quality Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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19
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Wu W, Zhu Z, Li B, Liu Z, Jia L, Zuo L, Chen L, Zhu Z, Shan G, Luo SZ. A direct determination of AFBs in vinegar by aptamer-based surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Toxicon 2018; 146:24-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Pirouz AA, Selamat J, Iqbal SZ, Mirhosseini H, Karjiban RA, Bakar FA. The use of innovative and efficient nanocomposite (magnetic graphene oxide) for the reduction on of Fusarium mycotoxins in palm kernel cake. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12453. [PMID: 28963539 PMCID: PMC5622098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adsorption plays an important role in the removal of mycotoxins from feedstuffs. The main objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of using magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposites (MGO) as an adsorbent for the reduction of Fusarium mycotoxins in naturally contaminated palm kernel cake (PKC). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to assess the mycotoxins in animal feed. Target mycotoxins included the zearalenone (ZEA), the fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) and trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2 and T-2 toxin). Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to investigate the effects of time (3-7 h), temperature (30-50 °C) and pH (3-7) on the reduction. The response surface models with (R2 = 0.94-0.99) were significantly fitted to predict mycotoxins in contaminated PKC. Furthermore, the method ensured a satisfactory adjustment of the polynomial regression models with the experimental data except for fumonisin B1 and B2, which decrease the adsorption of magnetic graphene oxide (MGO). The optimum reduction was performed at pH 6.2 for 5.2 h at of 40.6 °C. Under these optimum conditions, reduced levels of 69.57, 67.28, 57.40 and 37.17%, were achieved for DON, ZEA, HT-2, and T-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Pirouz
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universit Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J Selamat
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universit Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - S Z Iqbal
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universit Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - H Mirhosseini
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R Abedi Karjiban
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F Abu Bakar
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universit Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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21
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Farawahida AH, Jinap S, Nor-Khaizura MAR, Samsudin NIP. Reduction of Aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins in peanut sauce processing by oil-less frying of chilli powder and retort processing. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 34:2242-2250. [PMID: 28871861 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1375605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Among the many roles played by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the food industry is the production of heritage foods such as peanut sauce. Unfortunately, the safety of peanut sauce is not always assured as the processing line is not controlled. Peanut sauce is usually made of peanuts and chilli, and these commodities are normally contaminated with Aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins (AFs). Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the practices related to reduction of AF hazard and the effect of interventions in peanut sauce processing. Peanut samples were collected from each step of peanut sauce processing from a small peanut sauce company according to four designs: (1) control; (2) oil-less frying of chilli powder; (3) addition of retort processing; and (4) combination of oil-less frying of chilli powder and retort processing. Oil-less frying of chilli powder (Design 2) reduced total AFs by 33-41%, retort processing (Design 3) reduced total AFs by 49%, while combination of these two thermal processes (Design 4) significantly reduced total AFs, by 57%. The present work demonstrated that Design 4 yielded the highest reduction of total AFs and is therefore recommended to be employed by SME companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Farawahida
- a Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - S Jinap
- a Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,b Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS) , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - M A R Nor-Khaizura
- a Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - N I P Samsudin
- a Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.,b Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity (FOSFI), Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS) , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia
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22
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Hu SW, Chen S. Large-Scale Membrane- and Lignin-Modified Adsorbent-Assisted Extraction and Preconcentration of Triazine Analogs and Aflatoxins. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040801. [PMID: 28398252 PMCID: PMC5412385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The large-scale simultaneous extraction and concentration of aqueous solutions of triazine analogs, and aflatoxins, through a hydrocarbon-based membrane (e.g., polyethylene, polyethylene/polypropylene copolymer) under ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure is reported. The subsequent adsorption of analyte in the extraction chamber over the lignin-modified silica gel facilitates the process by reducing the operating time. The maximum adsorption capacity values for triazine analogs and aflatoxins are mainly adsorption mechanism-dependent and were calculated to be 0.432 and 0.297 mg/10 mg, respectively. The permeation, and therefore the percentage of analyte extracted, ranges from 1% to almost 100%, and varies among the solvents examined. It is considered to be vapor pressure- and chemical polarity-dependent, and is thus highly affected by the nature and thickness of the membrane, the discrepancy in the solubility values of the analyte between the two liquid phases, and the amount of adsorbent used in the process. A dependence on the size of the analyte was observed in the adsorption capacity measurement, but not in the extraction process. The theoretical interaction simulation and FTIR data show that the planar aflatoxin molecule releases much more energy when facing toward the membrane molecule when approaching it, and the mechanism leading to the adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Wei Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
| | - Shushi Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
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23
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Low-cost humic acid-bonded silica as an effective solid-phase extraction sorbent for convenient determination of aflatoxins in edible oils. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 970:38-46. [PMID: 28433057 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are highly toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic secondary metabolites produced by the toxigenic fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. AFs tend to contaminate a wide range of foods which is a serious and recurring food safety problem worldwide. Currently, immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) has become the most conventional sample clean-up method for determining AFs in foodstuffs. However, IAC method is limited in the large-scale food analysis because it requires the use of expensive disposable cartridges and the IA procedure is time-consuming. Herein, to achieve the cost-effective determination of AFs in edible oils, we developed a promising solid-phase extraction (SPE) method based on commercially available humic acid-bonded silica (HAS) sorbent, followed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis. In HAS-SPE, AFs can be captured by the HAS sorbent with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, whereas the oil matrix was captured only with the hydrophobic interactions. The oil matrix can be sufficiently washed off with isopropanol, while the AFs were still retained on the SPE packing, thus achieving selective extraction of AFs and clean-up of oil matrices. Under the optimal conditions of HAS-SPE, satisfactory recoveries ranging from 82% to 106% for four AFs (B1, B2, G1, and G2) were achieved in various oil matrices, containing blended oil, tea oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, corn oil, blended olive oil, rice oil, soybean oil, and sesame oil. Only minor matrix effects ranging from 99% to 105% for four AFs were observed. Moreover, the LODs of AFs between 0.012 and 0.035 μg/kg completely meet the regulatory levels fixed by the EU, China or other countries. The methodology was further validated for assaying the naturally contaminated peanut oils, and consistent results between the HAS-SPE and the referenced IAC were obtained. In addition, HAS-SPE can directly treat diluted oil sample without liquid-liquid extraction and is automatable, thus making it simple and convenient for the large-scale determination of AFs in edible oils. Using this method, we successfully detected four AFs in the naturally contaminated peanut oils, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report about the determination of AFs in edible oils using HA-based SPE.
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Abstract
Aflatoxins can cause damage to the health of humans and animals. Several institutions around the world have established regulations to limit the levels of aflatoxins in food, and numerous analytical methods have been extensively developed for aflatoxin determination. This review covers the currently used analytical methods for the determination of aflatoxins in different food matrices, which includes sampling and sample preparation, sample pretreatment methods including extraction methods and purification methods of aflatoxin extracts, separation and determination methods. Validation for analysis of aflatoxins and safety considerations and precautions when doing the experiments are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xie
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China.,b Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China.,b Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Yibin Ying
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China.,b Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou , P. R. China
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25
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Quantitative Scrutinization of Aflatoxins in Different Spices from Pakistan. Int J Anal Chem 2016; 2016:4907425. [PMID: 27781067 PMCID: PMC5066014 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4907425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research work aimed to access the contamination level of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 in the household spices that are widely consumed in huge amounts. 200 different spice samples, 100 packed and 100 unpacked, were analyzed for the aflatoxins profile by HPLC with an incidence of 61.5% contamination out of which 53.66% samples exceed the EU limit. The results disclosed that the unpacked samples are more contaminated as compared to the packed samples except for white cumin seeds. Among packed and unpacked samples of spices, the maximum value of aflatoxins was detected in fennel, that is, 27.93 μg/kg and 67.04 μg/kg, respectively. The lowest concentration of aflatoxin was detected in cinnamon in packed form (0.79 μg/kg) and in the unpacked samples of white cumin seeds which is 1.75 μg/kg. Caraway seeds and coriander in its unpacked form showed positive results whereas black pepper (packed and unpacked) was found free from aflatoxins. This is the first report on the occurrence of aflatoxins in packed and unpacked samples of spices from Pakistan. To ensure safe consumption of spices, there should be constant monitoring of aflatoxin and more studies need to be executed with the intention of preventing mycotoxin accretion in this commodity.
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Development and optimization of SPE-HPLC-UV/ELSD for simultaneous determination of nine bioactive components in Shenqi Fuzheng Injection based on Quality by Design principles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:2133-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Xie J, Peng T, He JL, Shao Y, Fan CL, Chen Y, Jiang WX, Chen M, Wang Q, Pei XY, Ding SY, Jiang HY. Preparation and characterization of an immunoaffinity column for the selective extraction of aflatoxin B1 in 13 kinds of foodstuffs. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 998-999:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Occurrence of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and complete feeds obtained from the Beijing region of China. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2014; 5:37. [PMID: 25101169 PMCID: PMC4123309 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-5-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study was carried out to provide a reference for the control of mycotoxin contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds for swine. Methods A total of 55 feed ingredients, including 14 corn, 13 wheat bran, 11 soybean meal and 17 dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) as well as 76 complete swine feeds including 7 creep feeds, 14 starter feeds, 14 grower feeds, 18 grower-finisher feeds, 10 gestating sow feeds, and 13 lactating sow feeds were randomly collected from 15 swine farms located in the Beijing region of China from July to August 2011. Immunoaffinity clean-up, using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in combination with UV or Fluorescence Detection, was used for quantitative analysis of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in the ingredients and complete feeds. Results DON and ZEA were the most prevalent mycotoxins found. DON was detected at percentages of 93, 92, 54, 100 and 97% with a mean level of 1.01, 0.44, 0.05, 1.36 and 0.65 ppm in the samples of corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, DDGS and complete feeds, respectively. The detected percentages of ZEA were 100, 100, 54, 100 and 100 with mean levels of 109.1, 14.9, 9.2, 882.7 and 58.9 ppb in the same samples. In the wheat bran and soybean meal samples, the content of all four mycotoxins were below the maximum limits set by Chinese regulations while the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 7, 57 and 7% for corn, and 7, 14 and 3% for the complete feeds for AFB1, DON and OTA respectively. DDGS showed the most serious mycotoxin contamination and the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 6, 88 and 41%, for AFB1, DON and ZEA, respectively. Conclusions This paper is the first to present data on the natural occurrence of AFB1, DON, ZEA and OTA in ingredients and complete feeds obtained from swine farms in China’s Beijing region. The data shows that feed ingredients and complete swine feeds obtained from these farms are most often contaminated with DON followed by contamination with AFB1 and ZEA.
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Yang J, Li J, Jiang Y, Duan X, Qu H, Yang B, Chen F, Sivakumar D. Natural occurrence, analysis, and prevention of mycotoxins in fruits and their processed products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:64-83. [PMID: 24188233 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.569860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are small toxic chemical products formed as the secondary metabolites by fungi that readily contaminate foods with toxins in the field or after harvest. The presence of mycotoxins, such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and patulin, in fruits and their processed products is of high concern for human health due to their properties to induce severe acute and chronic toxicity at low-dose levels. Currently, a broad range of detection techniques used for practical analysis and detection of a wide spectrum of mycotoxins are available. Many analytical methods have been developed for the determination of each group of these mycotoxins in different food matrices, but new methods are still required to achieve higher sensitivity and address other challenges that are posed by these mycotoxins. Effective technologies are needed to reduce or even eliminate the presence of the mycotoxins in fruits and their processed products. Preventive measures aimed at the inhibition of mycotoxin formation in fruits and their processed products are the most effective approach. Detoxification of mycotoxins by different physical, chemical, and biological methods are less effective and sometimes restricted because of concerns of safety, possible losses in nutritional quality of the treated commodities and cost implications. This article reviewed the available information on the major mycotoxins found in foods and feeds, with an emphasis of fruits and their processed products, and the analytical methods used for their determination. Based on the current knowledge, the major strategies to prevent or even eliminate the presence of the mycotoxins in fruits and their processed products were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Yang
- a Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , People's Republic of China
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Manoochehri M, Asgharinezhad AA, Safaei M. Determination of aflatoxins in rice samples by ultrasound-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:189-95. [PMID: 24771057 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the application of ultrasound-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion as an extraction and sample preparation approach for aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) and subsequent determination of them by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. A Box-Behnken design in combination with response surface methodology was used to determine the affecting parameters on the extraction procedure. The influence of different variables including type of dispersing phase, sample-to-dispersing phase ratio, type and quantity of clean-up phase, ultrasonication time, ultrasonication temperature, nature and volume of the elution solvent was investigated in the optimization study. C18, primary-secondary amine (PSA) and acetonitrile were selected as dispersing phase, clean-up phase and elution solvent, respectively. The obtained optimized values were sample-to-dispersing phase ratio of 1 : 1, 60 mg of PSA, 11 min ultrasonication time, 30°C ultrasonication temperature and 4 mL acetonitrile. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection were ranged from 0.09 to 0.14 ng g(-1) and the precisions [relative standard deviation (RSD%)] were <8.6%. The recoveries of the matrix solid-phase dispersion process ranged from 78 to 83% with RSD <10% in all cases. Finally, this method was successfully applied to the extraction of trace amounts of aflatoxins in rice samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Manoochehri
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 14676-86831, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Asgharinezhad
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 31485-313, Karaj, Iran
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Shibata M. Response Surface Methodology. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2013; 60:728-729. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.60.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Manoochehri M, Asgharinezhad AA, Safaei M. Multivariate optimisation of an ultrasound assisted-matrix solid-phase dispersion method combined with LC-fluorescence detection for simultaneous extraction and determination of aflatoxins in pistachio nut samples. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:1954-62. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.832401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Afsah-Hejri L, Jinap S, Hajeb P, Radu S, Shakibazadeh S. A Review on Mycotoxins in Food and Feed: Malaysia Case Study. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2013; 12:629-651. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Afsah-Hejri
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC); Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Univ. Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM; Serdang; Selangor; Malaysia
| | - S. Jinap
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC); Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Univ. Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM; Serdang; Selangor; Malaysia
| | - P. Hajeb
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC); Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Univ. Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM; Serdang; Selangor; Malaysia
| | - S. Radu
- Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC); Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Univ. Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM; Serdang; Selangor; Malaysia
| | - Sh. Shakibazadeh
- Dept. of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture; Univ. Putra Malaysia; 43400, UPM Serdang; Selangor; Malaysia
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Kong WJ, Li JY, Qiu F, Wei JH, Xiao XH, Zheng Y, Yang MH. Development of a sensitive and reliable high performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection for high-throughput analysis of multi-class mycotoxins in Coix seed. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 799:68-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ivanova B, Spiteller M. Raman Spectroscopic and Mass Spectrometric Determination of Aflatoxins. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Quantification of ochratoxin A in red wines by conventional HPLC–FLD using a column packed with core–shell particles. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Aflatoxins contamination in peanut and peanut products commercially available in retail markets of Punjab, Pakistan. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang Y, Ning B, Peng Y, Bai J, Liu M, Fan X, Sun Z, Lv Z, Zhou C, Gao Z. Application of suspension array for simultaneous detection of four different mycotoxins in corn and peanut. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 41:391-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yu FY, Gribas AV, Vdovenko MM, Sakharov IY. Development of ultrasensitive direct chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for determination of aflatoxin B1 in food products. Talanta 2013; 107:25-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bakırdere S, Yaroğlu T, Tırık N, Demiröz M, Karaca A. Determination of trace aflatoxin M1 levels in milk and milk products consumed in Turkey by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2012.733354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
AbstractCarcinogenic and mutagenic properties of aflatoxin species are known in literature. Their intake over a long time period might be health-dangerous for human even at trace levels. It is well known that different foodstuffs can be contaminated by aflatoxin species through growing and storage. Due to the serious health effects, sensitive determination of aflatoxin species in any matrices related with the human being is very crucial at trace levels. In literature, there are sensitive techniques to analyze the different samples for the contents of their aflatoxin species. Each technique has some advantages and disadvantages over the other techniques. This review aims to summarize the different health effects of aflatoxin species, development of analytical techniques and applications of developed techniques in a variety of matrices.
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Wang Y, Liu N, Ning B, Liu M, Lv Z, Sun Z, Peng Y, Chen C, Li J, Gao Z. Simultaneous and rapid detection of six different mycotoxins using an immunochip. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 34:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Shephard G, Berthiller F, Burdaspal P, Crews C, Jonker M, Krska R, MacDonald S, Malone R, Maragos C, Sabino M, Solfrizzo M, Van Egmond H, Whitaker T. Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2010-2011. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2012. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2011.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2010 and mid-2011. It covers the major mycotoxins: aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxin, patulin, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. Analytical methods for mycotoxins continue to be developed and published. Despite much interest in immunochemical methods and in the rapid development of LC-MS methodology, more conventional methods, sometimes linked to novel clean-up protocols, have also been the subject of research publications over the above period. Occurrence of mycotoxins falls outside the main focus of this review; however, where relevant to analytical method development, this has been mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Shephard
- PROMEC Unit, Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - F. Berthiller
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - P. Burdaspal
- National Centre for Food, Spanish Food Safety and Nutrition Agency, Ctra. Pozuelo a Majadahonda km 5.100, 28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - C. Crews
- The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - M. Jonker
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Cluster Natural Toxins and Pesticides, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - R. Krska
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - S. MacDonald
- The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - R. Malone
- Trilogy Analytical Laboratory, 870 Vossbrink Drive, Washington, MO 63090, USA
| | - C. Maragos
- USDA, ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - M. Sabino
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr Arnaldo 355, 01246-902, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - M. Solfrizzo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/o, 700126 Bari, Italy
| | - H. Van Egmond
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Cluster Natural Toxins and Pesticides, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - T. Whitaker
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, N.C. State University, P.O. Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625 USA
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Afsah-Hejri L, Jinap S, Mirhosseini H. Ochratoxin A quantification: Newly developed HPLC conditions. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Es’haghi Z, Sorayaei H, Samadi F, Masrournia M, Bakherad Z. Fabrication of a novel nanocomposite based on sol–gel process for hollow fiber-solid phase microextraction of aflatoxins: B1 and B2, in cereals combined with high performane liquid chromatography–diode array detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:3034-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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