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Pleadin J, Kos J, Radić B, Vulić A, Kudumija N, Radović R, Janić Hajnal E, Mandić A, Anić M. Aflatoxins in Maize from Serbia and Croatia: Implications of Climate Change. Foods 2023; 12:548. [PMID: 36766076 PMCID: PMC9914011 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) represent the most important mycotoxin group, whose presence in food and feed poses significant global health and economic issues. The occurrence of AFs in maize is a burning problem worldwide, mainly attributed to droughts. In recent years, Serbia and Croatia faced climate changes followed by a warming trend. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to estimate the influence of weather on AFs occurrence in maize from Serbia and Croatia in the 2018-2021 period. The results indicate that hot and dry weather witnessed in the year 2021 resulted in the highest prevalence of AFs in maize samples in both Serbia (84%) and Croatia (40%). In maize harvested in 2018-2020, AFs occurred in less than, or around, 10% of Serbian and 20% of Croatian samples. In order to conduct a comprehensive study on the implications of climate change for the occurrence of AFs in maize grown in these two countries, the results of available studies performed in the last thirteen years were searched for and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelka Pleadin
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jovana Kos
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Bojana Radić
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ana Vulić
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nina Kudumija
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Radmila Radović
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Elizabet Janić Hajnal
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Anamarija Mandić
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mislav Anić
- Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service, Ravnice 48, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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An NN, Shang N, Zhao X, Tie XY, Guo WB, Li D, Wang LJ, Wang Y. Occurrence, Regulation, and Emerging Detoxification Techniques of Aflatoxins in Maize: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2158339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan-nan An
- College of Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Shang
- College of Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-yu Tie
- College of Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-bo Guo
- College of Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, National Energy R & D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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Karami-Osboo R, Ahmadpoor F, Nasrollahzadeh M, Maham M. Polydopamine-coated magnetic Spirulina nanocomposite for efficient magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction of aflatoxins in pistachio. Food Chem 2022; 377:131967. [PMID: 34979397 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
An efficient adsorbent was synthesized and used in magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MDSPE) of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 at trace levels in pistachio prior to analysis by HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector. Spirulina (Sp) algae was first magnetized, followed by surface modification with dopamine (Dp). The adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM, and BET analyses. The effects of different analytical parameters on the extraction performance were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, good limits of detection (LODs) and quantifications (LOQs) were achieved in the ranges of 0.02-0.07 and 0.06-0.21 ng g-1, respectively. The RSDs were 5.9, 6.3, 5.6, and 7.3% for AFB1, G1, B2, and G2, respectively. The proposed method was successfully used to determine AFs in pistachio samples and acceptable recoveries in the range of 72-95% were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouhollah Karami-Osboo
- Mycotoxins Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadpoor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 3716146611, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Maham
- Department of Chemistry, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran.
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Babaee R, Karami-Osboo R, Mirabolfathy M. Evaluation of the use of Ozone, UV-C and Citric acid in reducing aflatoxins in pistachio nut. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gómez-Salazar JA, Ruiz-Hernández K, Martínez-Miranda MM, Castro-Ríos K. Postharvest strategies for decontamination of aflatoxins in cereals. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2013254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julián Andrés Gómez-Salazar
- Posgrado En Biociencias, Departamento De Alimentos, División De Ciencias De La Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Karla Ruiz-Hernández
- Posgrado En Biociencias, Departamento De Alimentos, División De Ciencias De La Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | | | - Katherin Castro-Ríos
- Grupo de Cromatografía Y Técnicas Afines, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
- Instituto de Investigación En Microbiología Y Biotecnología Agroindustrial, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia
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6
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Rezaie MR, Zareie N. Impact of granite irradiation on aflatoxin reduction in pistachio. Toxicon 2021; 199:7-11. [PMID: 34051219 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research with the effect of radioactive granite gamma radiation, the reduction of aflatoxin B1 in pistachios was examined in three steps. In the first step, the aflatoxin reduction in small packets by granite bed was tested. In this step, the aflatoxin level of 300 g pistachios packets was reduced up to 81.3 ± 1.5 percent by 4 kg granite bed after 4 days. After observation of aflatoxin reduction by granite bed, the second step was done with increasing the granite and pistachio mass and irradiation time. In this step, the aflatoxin level of 1 kg pistachios was reduced up to 4949 ± 2.6 percent by 6 kg granite after 9 days. According to the results, the aflatoxin reduction of 1 kg pistachios by 1 kg granite after 1 days (as aflatoxin Reduction Coefficient (ARC)) was calculated as ARC = 0.0090 ± 0.0025 (kg. day)-1. The aflatoxin types of detected in this research were B1 and B2 types that AFB2 level was much less than one. Therefore the effect of granite irradiation on AFB2 reduction wasn't considered. The final step was designed for testing the aflatoxin Reduction Coefficient (ARC). This step was shown that the confidence level between practical result and aflatoxin Reduction Coefficient (ARC) result is about 97 percent. The results indicated that the level of fat and protein of pistachios by granite gamma radiation did not change after 9 days. Therefore the granite irradiation can be used for aflatoxin reduction of pistachios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Raza Rezaie
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Modern Technologies, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Neda Zareie
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Modern Technologies, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
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Karami-Osboo R, Maham M, Nasrollahzadeh M. Rapid and sensitive extraction of aflatoxins by Fe3O4/zeolite nanocomposite adsorbent in rice samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Aflatoxins in Milk and Dairy Products: Occurrence and Exposure Assessment for the Serbian Population. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to assess the exposure associated with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) of the adult population in Serbia from consumption of milk and dairy products. This assessment was performed using concentration values of AFM1 in raw milk (385 samples) and dairy products (556 samples) based on the analyses conducted in the period between 2015 and 2018. In parallel, a dairy products consumption survey was completed during 2018 based on ‘one-day’ and ‘seven-day’ recall methods. In order to estimate the intake of AFM1 from the consumption of dairy products for both recall methods, a Monte Carlo simulation was conducted. The study revealed that pasteurized milk and yogurt are dairy products mostly consumed by the Serbian adult population. Estimated daily intake of AFM1 was in the range of 62–74 × 10−3 ng/kg bw/day, depending on the recall methods and scenarios employed. Although the results show moderate exposure risks compared to similar studies worldwide, climatic conditions and weather extremes that have occurred recently may have negatively influenced the contamination of feed and, consequently, AFM1 contamination of milk. As a result, it is justifiable to promote continuous monitoring in feed and dairy supply chains in Serbia and provide an update of exposure assessment.
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Rejeb R, Baere SD, Devreese M, Ducatelle R, Croubels S, Ayed MH, Ghorbal A, Antonissen G. Calcination Improves the In Vivo Efficacy of a Montmorillonite Clay to Bind Aflatoxin G1 in Broiler Chickens: A Toxicokinetic Approach. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12100660. [PMID: 33081067 PMCID: PMC7603272 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the toxicokinetic characteristics of aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) in broiler chickens and the effect of calcination of a Tunisian montmorillonite clay on the in vivo absorption of AFG1. In this study, broiler chickens were randomly distributed into four groups of 10 animals. Group 1 was administered AFG1 (2 mg/kg body weight (BW)) by single intravenous injection (IV), group 2 received an intra-crop bolus (PO) of AFG1 without any clay, group 3 was dosed AFG1 PO together with an oral bolus of purified clay (CP), and group 4 received AFG1 PO with an oral bolus of calcined clay. A significant difference in the area under the curve (AUC0-t) was observed for group 4 (6.78 ± 4.24 h*ng/mL) in comparison with group 2 (12.83 ± 4.19 h*ng/mL). A significant reduction of the oral bioavailability of AFG1 was observed for group 4 (7.61 ± 4.76%) compared with group 2 (14.40 ± 4.70%), while no significant effect was observed of CP. In this experiment, no phase I nor phase II metabolites of AFG1 were observed. These findings confirm that calcination of the purified montmorillonite clay enhances the adsorption of AFG1 in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, thereby reducing its bioavailability, thus reducing its toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Rejeb
- LR18AG01, ISA-CM-BP, 47, Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Université de Sousse, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia;
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (G.A.); Tel.: +216-5293-9154 (R.R.); +32-9-264-74-86 (G.A.)
| | - Siegrid De Baere
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (M.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Mathias Devreese
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (M.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Richard Ducatelle
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (M.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Madiha Hadj Ayed
- LR18AG01, ISA-CM-BP, 47, Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Université de Sousse, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia;
| | - Achraf Ghorbal
- Research Laboratory LR18ES33, National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Avenue Omar Ibn El Khattab, 6029 Gabes, Tunisia;
| | - Gunther Antonissen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (M.D.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (G.A.); Tel.: +216-5293-9154 (R.R.); +32-9-264-74-86 (G.A.)
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Karami-Osboo R, Maham M, Nasrollahzadeh M. Synthesised magnetic nano-zeolite as a mycotoxins binder to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxins, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, and deoxynivalenol in barley. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:623-627. [PMID: 33010139 PMCID: PMC8676138 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2020.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural commodities, particularly cereals can be contaminated with mycotoxins during the pre- and post-harvest stage. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic zeolite nanocomposite (MZNC) as an adsorbent for the reduction of mycotoxins in barley flour. The MZNC is synthesised using an eco-friendly and efficient procedure and characterised by zeta potential, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The adsorbent amount that affects the adsorption capacity was optimised. Low amounts of the nanocomposite removed >99% of aflatoxins, 50% of ochratoxin A, 22% of zearalenone, and 1.8% of the deoxynivalenol from the contaminated sample and adsorption by MZNC was better than the natural zeolite; this phenomenon is related to the wide surface of nanocomposites. Results provide new insights into possible future research that could overcome the challenges of using nanotechnology to eliminate mycotoxins from agricultural products. It can be hoped that the presence of cheap and eco-friendly mycotoxin binders such as the MZNC that is synthesised and utilised in this research will help to produce secure food and feed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouhollah Karami-Osboo
- Mycotoxins Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Maham
- Department of Chemistry, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
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Wajih Ul Hassan S, Sadef Y, Hussain S, Rafique Asi M, Ashraf MY, Anwar S, Malik A. Unusual pattern of aflatoxins and ochratoxin in commercially grown maize varieties of Pakistan. Toxicon 2020; 182:66-71. [PMID: 32439496 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of food with mycotoxins could be a major health risk. Identification and quantification of mycotoxins in maize are essentially required to guarantee food safety. Seven commonly grown maize cultivars were sown at semi-arid conditions in Pakistan. After harvesting plants, total aflatoxin (AFs), aflatoxins B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1), G2 (AFG2), and ochratoxin-A (OTA) contents were determined in maize flour using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed an unusual pattern of AFs in maize with a higher concentration of AFG1 in all maize varieties. The AFB1 was not found in most of the samples, however, all maize grains contained AFs above the maximum tolerable limit (20 μg/kg). The highest concentration of AFs was recorded in Ayub-1/26 maize (362.8 μg/kg). Ochratoxin-A (OTA) was detected in 71% maize samples ranged from 2.14 to 214 μg/kg. The highest OTA and microbial load were recorded in Ayub-2/27 grains that exceeded the FDA limit (50 μg/kg). These results indicated the higher prevalence of total AFs, AFG1, and OTA at the harvest stage of maize that could pose significant health hazards to humans and livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Wajih Ul Hassan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, 38950, Pakistan; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Yumna Sadef
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Hussain
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, 38950, Pakistan; Central Analytical Facility Division, PINSTECH, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafique Asi
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, 38950, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin Ashraf
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, 38950, Pakistan; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Anwar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
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Rushing BR, Selim MI. Aflatoxin B1: A review on metabolism, toxicity, occurrence in food, occupational exposure, and detoxification methods. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 124:81-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Kos J, Janić Hajnal E, Šarić B, Jovanov P, Mandić A, Đuragić O, Kokić B. Aflatoxins in maize harvested in the Republic of Serbia over the period 2012-2016. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2018; 11:246-255. [PMID: 30157711 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2018.1499675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are one of the most frequent contaminants in maize. The Republic of Serbia represents a leader in terms of maize production and exports in Europe. In recent years, Serbia faced climate changes. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to examine AF occurrence in 3000 maize samples collected during 2012-2016. In maize samples from 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2016, AFs were detected in 72.3%, 24.7%, 36.7%, and 5.0% of the samples, in concentration ranges of 1.0-111.2, 1.2-65.2, 1.1-76.2, and 1.3-6.9 µg kg-1, respectively. Contrary to this, in maize samples from 2014, no AFs were detected. Analysis of weather conditions indicates that 2012 was characterised by extreme drought conditions, 2013 and 2015 by lack of precipitation and high air temperatures, 2014 as the rainiest year in these years, while 2016 had moderate weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Kos
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | | | - Bojana Šarić
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Pavle Jovanov
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Anamarija Mandić
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Olivera Đuragić
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Bojana Kokić
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
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Karami-Osboo R, Maham M. Pre-concentration and Extraction of Aflatoxins from Rice Using Air-Assisted Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Kos J, Janić-Hajnal E, Šarić L, Plavšić D, Bursić V, Vuković G, Lazarević J. Influence of storage period on occurrence and distribution of aflatoxins and fungi in maize kernels. FOOD AND FEED RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/ffr1802097k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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16
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Amirahmadi M, Shoeibi S, Rastegar H, Elmi M, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Simultaneous analysis of mycotoxins in corn flour using LC/MS-MS combined with a modified QuEChERS procedure. TOXIN REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2017.1354306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amirahmadi
- Food and Drug Control Laboratory Reference Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. Iran
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Shahram Shoeibi
- Food and Drug Control Laboratory Reference Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. Iran
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Hossein Rastegar
- Food and Drug Control Laboratory Reference Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. Iran
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Mehdi Elmi
- Department of Basic Science, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SãoPaulo, Brazil
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Janić Hajnal E, Kos J, Krulj J, Krstović S, Jajić I, Pezo L, Šarić B, Nedeljković N. Aflatoxins contamination of maize in Serbia: the impact of weather conditions in 2015. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 34:1999-2010. [PMID: 28540749 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1331047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years climate changes recorded in temperate regions of Europe have led to aflatoxin (AF) contamination of maize. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of weather conditions on levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) in 180 maize samples collected from the main maize-growing regions (Western Bačka, North Banat, South Banat and Central Serbia) in Serbia after harvest in 2015. The concentrations of AFs were determined by a validated HPLC method with post-column derivatisation and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The presence of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 was detected in 57.2%, 13.9%, 5.6% and 2.8% of maize samples in the concentration ranges of 1.3-88.8 µg kg-1, 0.60-2.8 µg kg-1, 1.8-28.5 µg kg-1 and 2.1-7.5 µg kg-1 respectively. The recorded smaller amount of precipitation and especially higher air temperatures during the summer of 2015 were favourable for AF production, which resulted in 32.2% and 21.1% of samples being unsuitable for human consumption, since AFB1 and the sum of AFs concentrations were above 5.0 and 10.0 µg kg-1 respectively. Furthermore, the findings in this study indicate that the microclimate conditions in the investigated regions had a great influence on the contamination frequency of maize with AFs. The highest percentage of samples unsuitable for human consumption, considering both AFB1 and total AFs content were 72.5% and 51.5% respectively from Central Serbia, whilst the lowest percentages of 15.6% and 6.2% respectively were found in Western Bačka. These findings confirmed that maize should be continuously monitored in order to protect human and animal health from the harmful effects caused by AFs contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jovana Kos
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Jelena Krulj
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Saša Krstović
- b Faculty of Agriculture , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Igor Jajić
- b Faculty of Agriculture , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Lato Pezo
- c Institute of General and Physical Chemistry , University of Belgrade , Beograd , Serbia
| | - Bojana Šarić
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Nataša Nedeljković
- a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
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Ismail A, Riaz M, Akhtar S, Yoo S, Park S, Abid M, Aziz M, Ahmad Z. Seasonal variation of aflatoxin B 1 content in dairy feed. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/69008/2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Aflatoxins can cause damage to the health of humans and animals. Several institutions around the world have established regulations to limit the levels of aflatoxins in food, and numerous analytical methods have been extensively developed for aflatoxin determination. This review covers the currently used analytical methods for the determination of aflatoxins in different food matrices, which includes sampling and sample preparation, sample pretreatment methods including extraction methods and purification methods of aflatoxin extracts, separation and determination methods. Validation for analysis of aflatoxins and safety considerations and precautions when doing the experiments are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xie
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China.,b Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China.,b Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Yibin Ying
- a College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China.,b Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture , Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou , P. R. China
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20
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Lahoum A, Verheecke-Vaessen C, Bouras N, Sabaou N, Mathieu F. Taxonomy of mycelial actinobacteria isolated from Saharan soils and their efficiency to reduce aflatoxin B1 content in a solid-based medium. ANN MICROBIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-017-1253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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21
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Şengül Ü, Yalçın E, Şengül B, Çavuşoğlu K. Investigation of aflatoxin contamination in maize flour consumed in Giresun, Turkey. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2015.0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ü. Şengül
- Central Research Laboratory, Güre Location, Giresun University, 28100 Giresun, Turkey
| | - E. Yalçın
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Güre Location, Giresun University, 28100 Giresun, Turkey
| | - B. Şengül
- Vocational High School of Giresun, Debboy Location, Giresun University, 28049 Giresun, Turkey
| | - K. Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Güre Location, Giresun University, 28100 Giresun, Turkey
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22
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Bahrami R, Shahbazi Y, Nikousefat Z. Occurrence and seasonal variation of aflatoxin in dairy cow feed with estimation of aflatoxinM1in milk from Iran. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2015.1109613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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23
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Andrade P, Caldas E. Aflatoxins in cereals: worldwide occurrence and dietary risk assessment. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2014.1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide occurrence of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2), genotoxic mycotoxins, in raw maize, rice, sorghum and wheat samples collected since the year 2000 was evaluated using published data and occurrence data from the GEMS/Food database (https://extranet.who.int/gemsfood). Dietary risk assessments were conducted using GEMS/Food total aflatoxin occurrence and food consumption data obtained from the 17 Cluster Diets. Risk characterisation arising from aflatoxin exposure was conducted using both cancer risk and margin of exposure (MOE) approaches. A total of 89 publications were retrieved from the literature, reporting data related to 18,097 samples, of which 37.6% were positive for at least one aflatoxin. The total upper bound (UB) mean for all samples analysed was 13.6 μg/kg, and was higher for rice (24.6 μg/kg) and sorghum (25.9 μg/kg). Of data related to the analysis of 4,536 samples reported to GEMS/Food database, 12.7% were positive for at least one aflatoxin. The total UB mean was 1.9 μg/kg, and was higher for rice (2.4 μg/kg) and maize (1.6 μg/kg). Total intakes ranged from 3.0 ng/kg bw/day (Cluster C11) to 17.1 ng/kg bw/day (Cluster C09). On average, the consumption of rice contributed to 41.6% of the total aflatoxin intake in all clusters, followed by wheat (35.4%), maize (21.2%) and sorghum (1.8%). The lowest cancer risk was found in cluster C11 (0.057 cancers/year/105 individuals), and the highest in cluster C09 (0.467 cancers/year/105 individuals). MOE ranged from 56 (C11) to 10 (C09), indicating a potential risk to consumers. These results highlight the need for continuous action by health authorities to decrease aflatoxin contamination in cereals, as they are staple foods in diets worldwide. These actions include the enforcement of code of practices at the national level and the establishment of maximum contamination levels by the Codex System.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.D. Andrade
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Darci Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - E.D. Caldas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Darci Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Sun DD, Gu X, Li JG, Yao T, Dong YC. Quality evaluation of five commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for detecting aflatoxin b1 in feedstuffs. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:691-6. [PMID: 25924961 PMCID: PMC4413000 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of five commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (A, B, C, D, and E) from different suppliers for detecting aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). AFB1-free corn samples supplemented with different levels of AFB1 (5, 10, and 20 μg/kg) were used as positive controls and 6 replicates of each control sample were tested to evaluate the accuracy and precision of these kits. In addition, we also evaluated the performance of these ELISA kits for AFB1 in 30 feed samples, including corn, distillers dried grains with soluble, wheat samples, soybean meal, and poultry feed, which were verified by high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that the coefficients of variation ranged from 1.18% to 16.22% in intra-plate and 2.85% to 18.04% in inter-plate for the determination of AFB1. The half maximal inhibitory concentration for five kits ranged from 3.72 to 7.22 μg/kg. The quantitation limits of AFB1 were all under the legal limit in China but somewhat inconsistent with kit instructions. Although the recovery rate of four of the five kits were either less than 90% or more than 110%, all these values were acceptable in practice. Two kits had high false positive rates (C and E). In conclusion, our results revealed that the qualities of five tested ELISA kits were significantly different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Sun
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Gu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun-Guo Li
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ting Yao
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying-Chao Dong
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Pleadin J, Vulić A, Perši N, Škrivanko M, Capek B, Cvetnić Ž. Aflatoxin B1 occurrence in maize sampled from Croatian farms and feed factories during 2013. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Eskandari M, Pakfetrat S. Aflatoxins and heavy metals in animal feed in Iran. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2014; 7:202-7. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2013.876675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Karami-Osboo R, Miri R, Javidnia K, Kobarfard F, AliAbadi MHS, Maham M. A validated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for extraction of ochratoxin A from raisin samples. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013; 52:2440-5. [PMID: 25829630 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A method based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was developed for the quantitative extraction of Ochratoxin A (OTA) from raisin samples. The influence of various parameters on the recovery of OTA such as type and volume of DLLME extractant, centrifuging and sonication time, also volume of deionized water was investigated. Recovery values under the optimum conditions were between 68.6 and 85.2 %, the inner and intra-day precision expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD%, n = 3), were less than 15 % at spiking levels of 2.5-30 μg kg(-1). Linearity was studied from 0.5 to 30 μg L(-1), and the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.7 and 2.0 μg kg(-1), respectively. Real samples were analyzed by DLLME method and compared with confirmative immunoaffinity Column Chromatography (IAC) clean-up. Low cost, simplicity of operation, speed and minimum consumption of organic solvent were the main advantages of proposed method. The mean contamination of samples was 0.88 μg kg(-1) that was lower than European Legal Limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouhollah Karami-Osboo
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Miri
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Katayoun Javidnia
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Maham
- Department of Chemistry, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
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Kos J, Mastilović J, Hajnal EJ, Šarić B. Natural occurrence of aflatoxins in maize harvested in Serbia during 2009–2012. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Gorran A, Farzaneh M, Shivazad M, Rezaeian M, Ghassempour A. Aflatoxin B1-reduction of Aspergillus flavus by three medicinal plants (Lamiaceae). Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Nones J, Nones J, Trentin AG. Flavonoid hesperidin protects neural crest cells from death caused by aflatoxin B(1). Cell Biol Int 2012; 37:181-6. [PMID: 23319336 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) corresponds to a collection of multipotent and oligopotent progenitors endowed with both neural and mesenchymal potentials. The derivatives of the NC at trunk level include neurons and glial cells of the peripheral nervous system. Despite the well-known influence of aflatoxins on the development of cancer, the issue of whether they also influence NC cells has not been yet addressed. In the present work, we have investigated the effects of aflatoxin B(1) on quail NC cells and the concomitant effects of the flavonoid hesperidin associated with this mycotoxin. We show for the first time that aflatoxin B(1) decreases the viability and the total number of glial and neuronal cells/field, although their proportions in relation to the total number of cells were not altered. Therefore, aflatoxin has no effect on NC differentiation. However, this compound was able to reduce NC proliferation and NC survival. Furthermore, the co-administration of hesperidin, a well-known polyphenolic protector of cell death, partially prevented the effect of aflatoxin B(1) . Taken together, our results demonstrate that aflatoxin B(1) is toxic to NC cells, an effect partially prevented by the flavonoid hesperidin. This study may contribute to the understanding of the effects of these compounds during early embryonic development and offer potentially more assertive diets and treatments for pregnant animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader Nones
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Novel Binary Solvents-Dispersive Liquid—Liquid Microextraction (BS-DLLME) Method for Determination of Patulin in Apple Juice Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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