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Haider A, Iqbal SZ, Bhatti IA, Alim MB, Waseem M, Iqbal M, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Food authentication, current issues, analytical techniques, and future challenges: A comprehensive review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13360. [PMID: 38741454 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Food authentication and contamination are significant concerns, especially for consumers with unique nutritional, cultural, lifestyle, and religious needs. Food authenticity involves identifying food contamination for many purposes, such as adherence to religious beliefs, safeguarding health, and consuming sanitary and organic food products. This review article examines the issues related to food authentication and food fraud in recent periods. Furthermore, the development and innovations in analytical techniques employed to authenticate various food products are comprehensively focused. Food products derived from animals are susceptible to deceptive practices, which can undermine customer confidence and pose potential health hazards due to the transmission of diseases from animals to humans. Therefore, it is necessary to employ suitable and robust analytical techniques for complex and high-risk animal-derived goods, in which molecular biomarker-based (genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) techniques are covered. Various analytical methods have been employed to ascertain the geographical provenance of food items that exhibit rapid response times, low cost, nondestructiveness, and condensability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Haider
- Food Safety and Toxicology Lab, Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Zafar Iqbal
- Food Safety and Toxicology Lab, Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Waseem
- Food Safety and Toxicology Lab, Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
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Velázquez R, Rodríguez A, Hernández A, Casquete R, Benito MJ, Martín A. Spice and Herb Frauds: Types, Incidence, and Detection: The State of the Art. Foods 2023; 12:3373. [PMID: 37761082 PMCID: PMC10528162 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a necessity to protect the quality and authenticity of herbs and spices because of the increase in the fraud and adulteration incidence during the last 30 years. There are several aspects that make herbs and spices quite vulnerable to fraud and adulteration, including their positive and desirable sensorial and health-related properties, the form in which they are sold, which is mostly powdered, and their economic relevance around the world, even in developing countries. For these reasons, sensitive, rapid, and reliable techniques are needed to verify the authenticity of these agri-food products and implement effective adulteration prevention measures. This review highlights why spices and herbs are highly valued ingredients, their economic importance, and the official quality schemes to protect their quality and authenticity. In addition to this, the type of frauds that can take place with spices and herbs have been disclosed, and the fraud incidence and an overview of scientific articles related to fraud and adulteration based on the Rapid Alert System Feed and Food (RASFF) and the Web of Science databases, respectively, during the last 30 years, is carried out here. Next, the methods used to detect adulterants in spices and herbs are reviewed, with DNA-based techniques and mainly spectroscopy and image analysis methods being the most recommended. Finally, the available adulteration prevention measurements for spices and herbs are presented, and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Velázquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Medio Agronómico y Forestal, Investigación Aplicada en Hortofruticultura y Jardinería, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Rocío Casquete
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María J. Benito
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alberto Martín
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
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Intharuksa A, Denduangboripant J, Chansakaow S, Thongkhao K, Sukrong S. HPLC and DNA barcoding profiles for identification of the selected twelve Mucuna species and its application for detecting prohibited aphrodisiac Mucuna products. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14130. [PMID: 36915514 PMCID: PMC10006835 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aphrodisiac herbal products originated from various plants including Mucuna species. In Thai folklore, Mucuna macrocarpa Wall. and M. pruriens (L.) DC. have long been consumed and utilized for their aphrodisiac properties. Consumption of these plants can lead to serious adverse effects caused by l-dopa. The plants have been legally banned for use as foods, dietary supplements, or nutraceuticals by the FDA of several countries. To protect consumers, methods for the identification of illicit plants or herbal products are needed. This study aimed to identify the selected twelve Mucuna species and examine the aphrodisiac herbal products containing M. macrocarpa and M. pruriens by using HPLC analysis of l-dopa coupled with DNA barcoding profiles of ITS, matK, rbcL, and trnH-psbA. The results showed that l-dopa could be found not only in the seeds of M. macrocarpa and M. pruriens but also in associated allied Mucuna species. Then, a DNA barcode was introduced to support in HPLC profiling to identify the plants. DNA barcodes of twelve Mucuna species found in Thailand were established and used to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree. In this study, ITS2 sequences showed the highest interspecific variability and could be used to differentiate all Mucuna species. The results of ITS2 sequence coupled with HPLC analysis revealed that all the purchased aphrodisiac products originated from M. pruriens only. Therefore, the integration of HPLC analysis and DNA barcoding profile was an efficient method for the identification of prohibited Mucuna species for safety monitoring of herbal supplements and protecting customer safety. Regulatory agencies should raise awareness and restrain the use of these commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aekkhaluck Intharuksa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University Suthep Road, Suthep, Mueang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Sunee Chansakaow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University Suthep Road, Suthep, Mueang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kannika Thongkhao
- School of Languages and General Education, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.,Center of Excellent in Marijuana, Hemp and Kratom, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
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4
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Authentication of carnaroli rice by HRM analysis targeting nucleotide polymorphisms in the Alk and Waxy genes. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang G, Bai X, Chen X, Ren Y, Pang X, Han J. Detection of Adulteration and Pesticide Residues in Chinese Patent Medicine Qipi Pill Using KASP Technology and GC-MS/MS. Front Nutr 2022; 9:837268. [PMID: 35369100 PMCID: PMC8965643 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.837268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) are of great value for the prevention and treatment of diseases. However, adulterants and pesticide residues in CPMs have become the “bottleneck” impeding the globalization of traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, 12 batches of commercially available Qipi pill (a famous CPM recorded in Chinese Pharmacopeia) from different manufacturers were investigated to evaluate their authenticity and quality safety. Considering the severely degraded DNA in CPMs, kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) technology combined with DNA mini-barcodes was proposed for the quality regulation of a large number of products in CPM market. The residues of four kinds of pesticides including pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), aldrin, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were quantified using gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The results indicated that in two of the 12 batches of Qipi pill, the main herbal ingredient Panax ginseng was completely substituted by P. quinquefolius, and one sample was partially adulterated with P. quinquefolius. The PCNB residue was detected in 11 batches of Qipi pill, ranging from 0.11 to 0.46 mg/kg, and the prohibited pesticide HCH was present in four samples. Both adulteration and banned pesticides were found in two CPMs. This study suggests that KASP technology combined with DNA mini-barcodes can be used for the quality supervision of large sample size CPMs with higher efficiency but lower cost. Our findings also provide the insight that pesticide residues in CPMs should be paid more attention in the future.
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Njaramba JK, Wambua L, Mukiama T, Amugune NO, Villinger J. Detection of Species Substitution in the Meat Value Chain by High-Resolution Melting Analysis of Mitochondrial PCR Products. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123090. [PMID: 34945640 PMCID: PMC8702074 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Substituting high commercial-value meats with similar cheaper or undesirable species is a common form of food fraud that raises ethical, religious, and dietary concerns. Measures to monitor meat substitution are being put in place in many developed countries. However, information about similar efforts in sub-Saharan Africa is sparse. We used PCR coupled with high-resolution melting (PCR-HRM) analysis targeting three mitochondrial genes—cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1), cytochrome b (cyt b), and 16S rRNA—to detect species substitution in meat sold to consumers in Nairobi, Kenya. Out of 107 meat samples representing seven livestock animals, 11 (10.3%) had been substituted, with the highest rate being observed in samples sold as goat. Our results indicate that PCR-HRM analysis is a cost- and time-effective technique that can be employed to detect species substitution. The combined use of the three mitochondrial markers produced PCR-HRM profiles that successfully allowed for the consistent distinction of species in the analysis of raw, cooked, dried, and rotten meat samples, as well as of meat admixtures. We propose that this approach has broad applications in the protection of consumers against food fraud in the meat industry in low- and middle-income countries such as Kenya, as well as in developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kagure Njaramba
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya; (J.K.N.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya; (T.M.); (N.O.A.)
| | - Lillian Wambua
- Animal and Human Health Division, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi P.O Box 30709-00100, Kenya
- Correspondence:
| | - Titus Mukiama
- Department of Biology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya; (T.M.); (N.O.A.)
| | - Nelson Onzere Amugune
- Department of Biology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya; (T.M.); (N.O.A.)
| | - Jandouwe Villinger
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya; (J.K.N.); (J.V.)
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7
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Towards authentication of Korean ginseng-containing foods: Differentiation of five Panax species by a novel diagnostic tool. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Shadrin DM. DNA Barcoding: Applications. RUSS J GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279542104013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Grazina L, Costa J, Amaral JS, Mafra I. High-Resolution Melting Analysis as a Tool for Plant Species Authentication. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2264:55-73. [PMID: 33263903 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1201-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a cost-effective, specific, and rapid tool that allows distinguishing genetically related plants and other organisms based on the detection of small nucleotide variations, which are recognized from melting properties of the double-stranded DNA. It has been widely applied in several areas of research and diagnostics, including botanical authentication of several food commodities and herbal products. Generally, it consists of the main steps: (1) in silico sequence analysis and primer design; (2) DNA extraction from plant material; (3) amplification by real-time PCR with an enhanced fluorescent dye targeting a specific DNA barcode or other regions of taxonomic interest (100-200 bp); (4) melting curve analysis; and (5) statistical data analysis using a specific HRM software. This chapter presents an overview of HRM analysis and application, followed by the detailed description of all the required reagents, instruments, and protocols for the successful and easy implementation of a HRM method to differentiate closely related plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Grazina
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana S Amaral
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Uncu AO, Uncu AT. A barcode-DNA analysis method for the identification of plant oil adulteration in milk and dairy products. Food Chem 2020; 326:126986. [PMID: 32407998 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a barcode-DNA analysis method is described for the detection of plant oil adulteration in milk and dairy products. The method relies on the fact that plant DNA should not be present in readily detectable amounts in a dairy product unless it contains undeclared plant material. Thus, a universal plant barcode is chosen as the target to be amplified from dairy samples. Accordingly, barcode PCR-CE (PCR-capillary electrophoresis) assays are described, which do not require preliminary information on the species source of the adulterant oil type. Two PCR-CE assays, one operating on the plastid trnL (UAA) intron and the other targeting its inner P6 loop in nested format, were shown to detect corn, soybean, rapeseed and sunflower oils in clarified butter, milk and yogurt. Both barcodes are robustly amplified with extremely conserved primers. While the intron provides the species discrimination ability, the P6 loop provides superior detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ozgur Uncu
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Biotechnology, Meram, Konya 42090, Turkey.
| | - Ali Tevfik Uncu
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Meram, Konya 42090, Turkey.
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Thongkhao K, Tungphatthong C, Phadungcharoen T, Sukrong S. The use of plant DNA barcoding coupled with HRM analysis to differentiate edible vegetables from poisonous plants for food safety. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Shi R, Hu Z, Lu H, Liu L, Xu L, Liu Y, Wu H, Huang B, Zhang GJ, Chen S, Yang F. Hierarchical Nanostructuring Array Enhances Mid-Hybridization for Accurate Herbal Identification via ITS2 DNA Barcode. Anal Chem 2019; 92:2136-2144. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Hezhen Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Bisheng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
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Ballin NZ, Onaindia JO, Jawad H, Fernandez-Carazo R, Maquet A. High-resolution melting of multiple barcode amplicons for plant species authentication. Food Control 2019; 105:141-150. [PMID: 31680728 PMCID: PMC6686639 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, species identification in herbs has attracted considerable attention due to several cases of fraud; hence inexpensive high-throughput authentication methods are highly welcomed. Species authentication is often performed through DNA analysis and several specific regions (barcodes) are considered suitable. Each barcode (Bar) possesses different qualities in terms of universality and discrimination power. A multiplexed format where information can be extracted simultaneously from several barcode regions is seemingly appropriate to ensure the power of both universality and discrimination. In this approach, we amplified DNA from five different barcode regions in a multiplexed PCR format followed by high-resolution melting (HRM). This multiplexed Bar-HRM approach was first applied to plants spanning the plant kingdom and then gradually narrowing down the genetic variability within the Lamiaceae and the Solanaceae families to finally reach closely related cultivars. Universality was demonstrated through distinct melting profiles obtained for species originating from 29 different families spanning the angiosperms, gymnosperm, mosses, and liverwort (Marchantiophyta). Discrimination power was retained for species, sub-species, and a few cultivars through the application of multivariate statistics to the high-resolution melting profiles. This preliminary investigation has shown the potential to discriminate a vast amount of species within the whole plant kingdom. It requires no a priori knowledge of the species' DNA sequence and occurs in a closed system within 2.5 h at a reduced cost per sample compared to other DNA based approaches. A DNA profiling platform for species authentication throughout the plant kingdom. Distinct and reproducible melting profiles were obtained for all tested species. Universality was demonstrated across 29 families spanning the plant kingdom. Specificity was demonstrated for related species, sub-species, and cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hadeel Jawad
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Geel, Belgium
| | | | - Alain Maquet
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Geel, Belgium
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14
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Valand R, Tanna S, Lawson G, Bengtström L. A review of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy used in food adulteration and authenticity investigations. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 37:19-38. [PMID: 31613710 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1675909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for food and the globalisation of the supply chain have resulted in a rise in food fraud, and recent high profile cases, such as the Chinese milk scandal in 2008 and the EU horsemeat scandal in 2013 have emphasised the vulnerability of the food supply system to adulteration and authenticity frauds. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is routinely used in cases of suspected food fraud as it offers a rapid, easy and reliable detection method for these investigations. In this review, we first present a brief summary of the concepts of food adulteration and authenticity as well as a discussion of the current legislation regarding these crimes. Thereafter, we give an extensive overview of FTIR as an analytical technique and the different foods where FTIR analysis has been employed for food fraud investigations as well as the subsequent multivariate data analyses that have been applied successfully to investigate the case of adulteration or authenticity. Finally, we give a critical discussion of the applications and limitations of FTIR, either as a standalone technique or incorporated in a test battery, in the fight against food fraud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema Valand
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences. De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Sangeeta Tanna
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences. De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Graham Lawson
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences. De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Linda Bengtström
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences. De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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15
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Amane D, Ananthanarayan L. Detection of adulteration in black gram-based food products using DNA barcoding. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Uncu AT, Uncu AO. Plastid trnH-psbA intergenic spacer serves as a PCR-based marker to detect common grain adulterants of coffee ( Coffea arabica L.). Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Authenticity Testing and Detection of Eurycoma longifolia in Commercial Herbal Products Using Bar-High Resolution Melting Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9080408. [PMID: 30103564 PMCID: PMC6115996 DOI: 10.3390/genes9080408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrated High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis combined with DNA barcode (Bar-HRM) as a fast and highly sensitive technique for detecting adulterants in Eurycoma longifolia commercial herbal products. Targeting the DNA barcoding of the chloroplastic region-ribulose biphosphate carboxylase large chain (rbcL) and the nuclear ribosomal region- internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), PCR amplification and HRM analysis using saturated Eva green dye as the source of fluorescence signals, was accomplished by employing a real-time cycler. The results were further validated by sequencing to identify unknown sequence from Genbank database and to generate phylogenetic tree using neighbour joint (NJ) analysis. Both of the DNA markers exhibited a distinguishable melting temperature and shape of the normalised curve between the reference and the adulterants. In the case of species identification, ITS2 was more successful in differentiating between species. Additionally, detection of admixture sample containing small traces of targeted E. longifolia DNA (w/v) can be detected as low as 5% for rbcL and less than 1% for ITS2, proving the sensitivity and versatility of the HRM analysis. In conclusion, the Bar-HRM analysis is a fast and reliable technique that can effectively detect adulterants in herbal products. Therefore, this will be beneficial for regulatory agencies in order to regulate food safety issues.
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Soares S, Grazina L, Costa J, Amaral JS, Oliveira MB, Mafra I. Botanical authentication of lavender (Lavandula spp.) honey by a novel DNA-barcoding approach coupled to high resolution melting analysis. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pereira L, Gomes S, Barrias S, Fernandes JR, Martins-Lopes P. Applying high-resolution melting (HRM) technology to olive oil and wine authenticity. Food Res Int 2018; 103:170-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bosmali I, Ordoudi S, Tsimidou M, Madesis P. Greek PDO saffron authentication studies using species specific molecular markers. Food Res Int 2017; 100:899-907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Villa C, Costa J, Oliveira MBP, Mafra I. Novel quantitative real-time PCR approach to determine safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) adulteration in saffron (Crocus sativus). Food Chem 2017; 229:680-687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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