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Viora L, Tichané T, Nottelet B, Mouton J, Garric X, Van Den Berghe H, Coudane J. Casein-based conjugates and graft copolymers. Synthesis, properties, and applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13306. [PMID: 38369928 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Biobased natural polymers, including polymers of natural origin such as casein, are growing rapidly in the light of the environmental pollution caused by many mass-produced commercial synthetic polymers. Although casein has interesting intrinsic properties, especially for the food industry, numerous chemical reactions have been carried out to broaden the range of its properties, most of them preserving casein's nontoxicity and biodegradability. New conjugates and graft copolymers have been developed especially by Maillard reaction of the amine functions of the casein backbone with the aldehyde functions of sugars, polysaccharides, or other molecules. Carried out with dialdehydes, these reactions lead to the cross-linking of casein giving three-dimensional polymers. Acylation and polymerization of various monomers initiated by amine functions are also described. Other reactions, far less numerous, involve alcohol and carboxylic acid functions in casein. This review provides an overview of casein-based conjugates and graft copolymers, their properties, and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Viora
- IBMM (Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron), CNRS, Montpellier University, ENSCM, Department "Polymers for Health and Biomaterials", Pôle Chimie Balard, Montpellier, France
| | - Teddy Tichané
- IBMM (Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron), CNRS, Montpellier University, ENSCM, Department "Polymers for Health and Biomaterials", Pôle Chimie Balard, Montpellier, France
| | - Benjamin Nottelet
- IBMM (Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron), CNRS, Montpellier University, ENSCM, Department "Polymers for Health and Biomaterials", Pôle Chimie Balard, Montpellier, France
| | - Julia Mouton
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PPCH), IMT Mines d'Alès, Alès, France
- EPF Graduate School of Engineering, Montpellier, France
| | - Xavier Garric
- IBMM (Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron), CNRS, Montpellier University, ENSCM, Department "Polymers for Health and Biomaterials", Pôle Chimie Balard, Montpellier, France
- Department of Pharmacy, Nîmes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Hélène Van Den Berghe
- IBMM (Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron), CNRS, Montpellier University, ENSCM, Department "Polymers for Health and Biomaterials", Pôle Chimie Balard, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Coudane
- IBMM (Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron), CNRS, Montpellier University, ENSCM, Department "Polymers for Health and Biomaterials", Pôle Chimie Balard, Montpellier, France
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Liu C, Nguyen BV, Diep TT, Yoo MJY. Interaction between Bovine Serum Albumin in Fresh Milk Cream and Encapsulated and Non-Encapsulated Polyphenols of Tamarillo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1611. [PMID: 37627606 PMCID: PMC10451476 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The fortification of dairy products with polyphenols is known to deliver additional health benefits. However, interactions between polyphenols may form complexes and cause a loss of functionality overall. This study aimed to investigate potential interactions between polyphenols, in encapsulated and non-encapsulated forms, extracted from tamarillo fruit and bovine serum albumin (BSA) from fresh milk cream. Fortification with tamarillo extract was made at 1, 2 and 3% (w/w), and the resultant changes in physicochemical, rheological and functional properties were studied. With an increase in fortification, the absorbance of protein-ligand in the protein-polyphenol complex was decreased by up to 55% and 67% in UV and fluorescent intensities, respectively. Chlorogenic acid and kaempferol-3-rutinoside were more affected than delphinidin-3-rutinoside and pelargonidin-3-rutinoside. Static quenching was the main mechanism in the fluorescence spectra. Tryptophan and tyrosine residues were the two major aromatic amino acids responsible for the interactions with BSA. There were at least three binding sites near the tryptophan residue on BSA. The rheological property remained unaffected after the addition of non-encapsulated tamarillo extracts. Antioxidant capacity was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) after the addition of encapsulated extracts. This may be explained by using a low concentration of maltodextrin (10% w/w) as an encapsulating agent and its high binding affinity to milk proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environment Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Bao Viet Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (B.V.N.); (T.T.D.)
| | - Tung Thanh Diep
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (B.V.N.); (T.T.D.)
| | - Michelle Ji Yeon Yoo
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environment Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Zelikina D, Chebotarev S, Komarova A, Balakina E, Antipova A, Martirosova E, Anokhina M, Palmina N, Bogdanova N, Lysakova E, Borisova M, Semenova M. Efficiency of an oral delivery system based on a liposomal form of a combination of curcumin with a balanced amount of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs encapsulated in an electrostatic complex of WPI with chitosan. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chebotarev S, Antipova A, Martirosova E, Palmina N, Zelikina D, Anokhina M, Bogdanova N, Kasparov V, Balakina E, Komarova A, Semenova M. Innovative food ingredients based on the milk protein−chitosan complex particles for the fortification of food with essential lipids. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Semenova MG, Antipova AS, Martirosova EI, Chebotarev SA, Palmina NP, Bogdanova NG, Krikunova NI, Zelikina DV, Anokhina MS, Kasparov VV. The relationship between the structure and functionality of essential PUFA delivery systems based on sodium caseinate with phosphatidylcholine liposomes without and with a plant antioxidant: an in vitro and in vivo study. Food Funct 2022; 13:2354-2371. [PMID: 35147140 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03336k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to establish the main relationship between the structure and functionality of supramolecular complexes formed by sodium caseinate (SC) with phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes filled with fish oil (FO) to an equal mass ratio of n-3 to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the absence and presence of one of the most effective plant antioxidants, namely the essential oil of clove buds (EOC). The functionality of the supramolecular complexes (SC-PC-FO and SC-PC-FO-EOC) was considered from the point of view of the possibility of their use as effective delivery systems for long-chain n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids from FO). The laser light scattering method was used in the static, dynamic and electrophoretic modes to characterize the structure and thermodynamic parameters of the supramolecular complexes in an aqueous medium. It was found that the SC-PC-FO and SC-PC-FO-EOC complex particles had the following similar properties: nanosize; a spherical shape; 100% solubility in an aqueous medium (pH 7.0, ionic strength = 0.001 M); a high encapsulating ability of SC (up to 70%) in relation to the studied liposomes; and a high protective ability relative to lipid autooxidation (up to 96% on the 20th day of storage at room temperature in light). In addition, a sequential transformation of both the structural and thermodynamic parameters has been observed for the complex particles under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal (GI) conditions in accordance with the INFOGEST protocol. A greater release of the encapsulated lipids from the enzymatically hydrolyzed complex particles was observed at the small intestine stage compared to their release at the gastric stage. These data were in good agreement with those on the assessment of the bioavailability of the target PUFAs in in vivo experiments based on the chronic intake of aqueous solutions of the complexes (both SC-PC-FO and SC-PC-FO-EOC) by experimental mice for 92 days. Liver lipid profiles of the mice, obtained by gas-liquid chromatography, showed the following: (i) an almost twofold increase in the DHA content as compared with that of the control; (ii) an almost threefold decrease in the mass ratio of arachidonic acid (AA) (C20:4 n-6) to DHA (C22:6 n-3) compared to that of the control due to both a significant decrease in the AA content and a simultaneous pronounced increase in the DHA content; and (iii) an almost twofold decrease in the mass ratio of the total amounts of n-6 to n-3 PUFAs compared to that of the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Semenova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna S Antipova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Elena I Martirosova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Sergey A Chebotarev
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Nadezhda P Palmina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Natalya G Bogdanova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Natalya I Krikunova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Daria V Zelikina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Maria S Anokhina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
| | - Valery V Kasparov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation.
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Essential contributions of food hydrocolloids and phospholipid liposomes to the formation of carriers for controlled delivery of biologically active substances via the gastrointestinal tract. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Palmina NP, Sazhina NN, Bogdanova NG, Antipova AS, Martirosova EI, Plashchina IG, Kasparov VV, Semenova MG. The Physico-Chemical Properties of Liposomes Made from Lipids of the Liver and Brain of Mice Receiving Nanolipid Complexes. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350921050171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Casanova F, Nascimento LGL, Silva NFN, de Carvalho AF, Gaucheron F. Interactions between caseins and food-derived bioactive molecules: A review. Food Chem 2021; 359:129820. [PMID: 33962195 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Caseins are recognized as safe for consumption, abundant, renewable and have high nutritional value. Casein molecules are found in different aggregation states and their multiple binding sites offer the potential for delivering biomolecules with nutritional and/or health benefits, such as vitamins, phytochemicals, fibers, lipids, minerals, proteins, peptides, and pharmaceutical compounds. In the present review, we highlight the interactions between caseins and food-derived bioactive molecules, with a special focus on the aggregation states of caseins and the techniques used to produce and study the particles used for delivering. Research on interactions between caseins-minerals and casein-pharmaceutical molecules are not included here. This review aims to support the development of new and innovative functional foods in which caseins can be used as designed delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Casanova
- Research Group for Food Production Engineering, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark.
| | - Luis Gustavo Lima Nascimento
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais36570-900 Brazil
| | - Naaman F N Silva
- Center of Natural Sciences, Universidade Federal of São Carlos (UFSCar), Buri, SP 18290-000, Brazil
| | - Antonio F de Carvalho
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais36570-900 Brazil
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Palmina NP, Misharina TA, Krikunova NI, Antipova AS, Martirosova EI, Semenova MG. Changes in the Free Fatty-Acid Profile in the Liver and Brain of Mice Receiving Nanolipid Complexes. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683821020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Sonocomplexation as an effective tool to enhance the antitumorigenic effect of metformin: Preparation, in vitro characterization, molecular dynamic simulation & MiaPaCa-2 cell line hypoxia evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Semenova M, Zelikina D, Antipova A, Martirosova E, Palmina N, Chebotarev S, Samuseva Y, Bogdanova N, Kasparov V. Impact of the character of the associative interactions between chitosan and whey protein isolate on the structure, thermodynamic parameters, and functionality of their complexes with essential lipids. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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12
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Semenova MG, Antipova AS, Palmina HP, Misharina TA, Martirosova EI, Zelikina DV, Krikunova NI, Kasparov VV, Binukov VI, Bogdanova NG, Chebotarev SA, Gureeva MD. Complexes of Biopolymers with Essential Lipids: Relationships between the Structure and Functional Properties. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793119060289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sazhina NN, Plashchina IG, Semenova MG, Pal’mina NP. Variations in the Size and ζ-Potential of Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes with Incorporated Nutriceuticals in the Course of their Initiated Oxidation. COLLOID JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x20010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Palmina NP, Bogdanova NG, Sazhina NN, Kasparov VV, Binyukov VI, Plashchina IG, Antipova AS, Semenova MG. The Relationship between Lipid Peroxidation and Microviscosity in Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes. The Effects of a Plant Antioxidant and a Protein. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350919040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Sazhina NN, Antipova AS, Semenova MG, Palmina NP. Initiated Oxidation of Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes with Some Functional Nutraceuticals. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Palmina NP, Maltseva EL, Binyukov VI, Kasparov VV, Antipova AS, Semenova MG. The Structural State and Form of Free and Biopolymer-Encapsulated Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes in the Absence and Presence of Natural Plant Antioxidants. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s000635091801013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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17
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Semenova M. Advances in molecular design of biopolymer-based delivery micro/nanovehicles for essential fatty acids. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Semenova M. Protein–polysaccharide associative interactions in the design of tailor-made colloidal particles. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Antipova AS, Zelikina DV, Shumilina EA, Semenova MG. Sequential transformation of the structural and thermodynamic parameters of the complex particles, combining covalent conjugate (sodium caseinate + maltodextrin) with polyunsaturated lipids stabilized by a plant antioxidant, in the simulated gastro-intestinal conditions in vitro. Food Res Int 2016; 88:173-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Narh C, Li G, Wang Q, Huang F, Wei Q. Sulfanilic acid inspired self-assembled fibrous materials. Colloid Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-016-3911-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Semenova MG, Antipova AS, Zelikina DV, Martirosova EI, Plashchina IG, Palmina NP, Binyukov VI, Bogdanova NG, Kasparov VV, Shumilina EA, Ozerova NS. Biopolymer nanovehicles for essential polyunsaturated fatty acids: Structure-functionality relationships. Food Res Int 2016; 88:70-78. [PMID: 28847405 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Design of stimuli-sensitive (i.e., smart) nano-sized delivery systems for nutraceuticals, having both a nutritional and pharmaceutical value, is very important for the formulation of novel functional food. Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are among the most needed nutraceuticals for the maintenance of good health. It is medically proven that in order to get the best effect on the human health the weight ratio of ω-6/ω-3 PUFAs should be within the range between 1/1 and 5/1. Thus, our work was focused on the molecular design of the delivery systems based on the nano-sized complexes formed between covalent conjugate (sodium caseinate+maltodextrin (a dextrose equivalent=2)) and the combinations of polyunsaturated lipids, which are mutually complementary in the ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs content: α-linolenic (ALA)+linoleic (LA) acids; liposomes of soy phosphatidylcholine (PC)+ALA; and micelles of soy lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)+ALA. For such complex particles the high extent (>95%) of encapsulation of these all combinations of lipids by the conjugate was found along with both the high protection of the lipids against oxidation and their high solubility in an aqueous medium. To gain a better insight into such functionality of the complex particles a number of their structural (the weight-averaged molar weight, Mw; the radius of gyration, RG; the hydrodynamic radius, Rh; the architecture; the volume; the density; the ζ-potential; the microviscosity of both the bilayers of PC liposomes and LPC micelles), and thermodynamic (the osmotic second virial coefficient, A2, reflecting the nature and intensity of both the complex-complex and complex-solvent pair interactions) parameters were measured by a combination of such basic physico-chemical methods as static and dynamic multiangle laser light scattering, particle electrophoresis, atomic-force microscopy and electron spin resonance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Semenova
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna S Antipova
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Darya V Zelikina
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena I Martirosova
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina G Plashchina
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezda P Palmina
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I Binyukov
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia G Bogdanova
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valerii V Kasparov
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena A Shumilina
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia S Ozerova
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
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