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Dong H, Huang Y, Yao S, Liang B, Long Y, Xie Y, Mai J, Gong S, Zhou Z. The recombinant fusion protein of cholera toxin B and neutrophil-activating protein expressed on Bacillus subtilis spore surface suppresses allergic inflammation in mice. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5819-5829. [PMID: 28608279 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The neutrophil-activating protein of Helicobacter pylori (HP-NAP) has been identified as a modulator with anti-Th2 inflammation activity, and cholera toxin B (CTB) is a mucosal adjuvant that can also induce antigen tolerance. In this study, we constructed a CTB-NAP fusion protein on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spore and evaluate the efficiency of oral administration of the recombinant CTB-NAP spores in preventing asthma in mice. Oral administration of recombinant CTB or CTB-NAP spores significantly decreased serum ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE (p < 0.001) and increased fecal IgA (p < 0.01) compared to the treatment with non-recombinant spores. Oral administration of recombinant CTB or CTB-NAP spores induced IL-10 and IFN-γ expression and reduced IL-4 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Moreover, CTB and CTB-NAP spores reduced the eosinophils in BALF and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lungs. Furthermore, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs in splenocytes were significantly increased in mice treated with recombinant CTB or CTB-NAP spores. The number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs caused by CTB-NAP was higher than that by CTB alone. Our study indicated that B. subtilis spores with surface expression of subunit CTB or CTB-NAP could inhibit OVA-induced allergic inflammation in mice. The attenuated inflammation was attributed to the induction of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and IgA. Moreover, the fusion protein CTB-NAP demonstrated a better efficiency than CTB alone in inhibiting the inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dong
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- The First Women and Children's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Shuwen Yao
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Bingshao Liang
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yan Long
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yongqiang Xie
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jialiang Mai
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhou
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Role of Maternal Dietary Peanut Exposure in Development of Food Allergy and Oral Tolerance. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143855. [PMID: 26656505 PMCID: PMC4675539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of maternal ingestion of peanut during pregnancy and lactation on an offspring’s risk for peanut allergy is under debate. Objective To investigate the influence of maternal dietary peanut exposure and breast milk on an offspring’s allergy risk. Methods Preconceptionally peanut-exposed C3H/HeJ females were either fed or not fed peanut during pregnancy and lactation. The offsprings’ responses to peanut sensitization or oral tolerance induction by feeding antigen prior to immunization were assessed. We also assessed the impact of immune murine milk on tolerance induction pre- or post-weaning. For antigen uptake studies, mice were gavaged with fluorescent peanut in the presence or absence of immune murine milk; Peyer’s patches were harvested for immunostaining. Results Preconceptional peanut exposure resulted in the production of varying levels of maternal antibodies in serum (and breast milk), which were transferred to the offspring. Despite this, maternal peanut exposure either preconceptionally or during pregnancy and lactation, when compared to no maternal exposure, had no impact on peanut allergy. When offspring were fed peanut directly, dose-dependent tolerance induction, unaltered by maternal feeding of peanut, was seen. Although peanut uptake into the gut-associated lymphoid tissues was enhanced by immune milk as compared to naïve milk, tolerance induction was not affected by the co-administration of immune milk either pre- or post-weaning. Conclusion Maternal peanut exposure during pregnancy and lactation has no impact on the development of peanut allergy in the offspring. Tolerance to peanut can be induced early, even pre-weaning, by giving moderate amounts of peanut directly to the infant, and this is neither enhanced nor impaired by concurrent exposure to immune milk.
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Nguyen TA, Leonard SA, Eichenfield LF. An Update on Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis and Food Allergies. J Pediatr 2015; 167:752-6. [PMID: 26118932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuyet Ann Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Division of Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA
| | - Stephanie A Leonard
- Division of Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA; Division of Allergy/Immunology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA
| | - Lawrence F Eichenfield
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Division of Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA.
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Song Y, Liu C, Hui Y, Srivastava K, Zhou Z, Chen J, Miller RL, Finkelman FD, Li XM. Maternal allergy increases susceptibility to offspring allergy in association with TH2-biased epigenetic alterations in a mouse model of peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:1339-1345.e7. [PMID: 25441650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although maternal atopy is a risk factor for the development of peanut allergy, this phenomenon has not been well characterized experimentally, and the mechanisms underlying offspring risk are unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether offspring of mothers with peanut allergy (O-PAM mice) are more susceptible to peanut allergy than offspring of naive mothers (O-NM mice) in a murine model and, if so, whether the susceptibility is linked to TH2-biased epigenetic alterations. METHODS Five-week-old O-PAM and O-NM mice were intragastrically sensitized to and challenged with peanut. Serum peanut-specific IgE levels, plasma histamine levels, anaphylactic reactions, and splenocyte and MLN cell cytokine production were measured. DNA methylation levels of the Il4 gene promoter from splenocytes and MLN cells from sensitized offspring and splenocytes from unsensitized neonatal offspring were determined by means of pyrosequencing. RESULTS O-PAM mice exhibited 3-fold higher peanut-specific IgE levels after peanut sensitization, as well as 5-fold higher histamine levels and significantly higher anaphylactic symptom scores after challenge than O-NM mice (P < .05-.01). Cultured splenocytes and MLNs from O-PAM mice produced significantly more TH2 cytokines than cells from O-NM mice (P < .05-.01). Cells from O-PAM mice exhibited significantly reduced DNA methylation at CpG sites of the Il4 gene promoter than cells from O-NM mice. DNA methylation levels were inversely correlated with IL-4 and IgE production. O-PAM neonatal splenocyte hypomethylation of the Il4 gene promoter was also present. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that increased susceptibility to peanut allergy in O-PAM mice is associated with epigenetic alteration of the Il4 gene promoter. This finding might provide insight into preventing the development of early-life allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Changda Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Yiqun Hui
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Kamal Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Zhenwen Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Fred D Finkelman
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Medicine, Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Xiu-Min Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
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Nygaard UC, Hansen JS, Groeng EC, Melkild I, Løvik M. Suppression of allergen-specific IgE in offspring after preconceptional immunisation: maternal, paternal and genetic influences. Scand J Immunol 2013; 77:92-103. [PMID: 23298180 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Immunisation of female mice with the allergen ovalbumin (OVA) during pregnancy reduces the OVA-specific IgE response in adult offspring. To approach primary prevention strategies for allergy, we investigated to what extent genetic, paternal and maternal factors influence this suppressive effect on allergic sensitisation in offspring and investigated the possibility of pregestational immunisation. Maternal allergen immunisation reduced OVA-specific IgE levels in immunised offspring, even after maternal immunisation up to 8 weeks before conception without further allergen exposure. Immunisation of immunodeficient BALB/c severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) dams mated with wild type males did not lead to IgE suppression in offspring, indicating the importance of a functional maternal immune system. Immunisation of male mice before the relevant spermatogenesis did not cause antibody suppression in offspring. OVA-specific IgG1, presumably of maternal origin, was present in naïve offspring only from immunised dams and was associated with suppressed IgE responses after offspring immunisation. The IgE-suppressive effect of maternal immunisation was demonstrated in all three immunocompetent strains tested (NIH/OlaHsd, BALB/cA and C57BL/6 mice). In conclusion, suppression of allergen-specific IgE production in offspring could not be induced by paternal immunisation, and genetic factors were of minor importance. In contrast, we demonstrate the necessity of maternal factors, possibly allergen-specific IgG1, resulting from a functional adaptive immune response, for the IgE-suppressive effect in offspring. These maternal factors could be induced by immunisation of female mice even before conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- U C Nygaard
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
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Chung SY, Reed S. Removing peanut allergens by tannic acid. Food Chem 2012; 134:1468-73. [PMID: 25005968 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tannic acid (TA) forms insoluble complexes with proteins. The aims here were to remove major peanut allergens as insoluble TA complexes and determine if they would dissociate and release the allergens at pH 2 and 8 (gut pH). Release of the allergens in the gut could lead to absorption and consequently an allergic reaction. TA (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/ml) was added to a peanut butter extract (5 mg/ml; pH 7.2), stirred, and centrifuged. The precipitates were then suspended in buffer at pH 2, centrifuged, re-suspended at pH 8, and centrifuged. Supernatants from each step were analysed by SDS-PAGE, ELISA, and Western blots. The effect of NaCl (1M) on complexes was also determined. Results showed that complexes formed at a TA concentration >0.5 mg/ml did not release major peanut allergens at pH 2 and 8, regardless of 1M NaCl being present or not. IgE binding of the extracts was reduced substantially, especially at a TA concentration of 1-2 mg/ml. Animal or clinical studies are still needed before TA can find an application in the development of low-allergen peanut products/beverages or the removal of peanut allergens due to accidental ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yin Chung
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, United States
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