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Torres-Díaz LL, Pérez-Álvarez EP, Parra-Torrejón B, Marín-San Román S, de Sáenz de Urturi I, Ramírez-Rodríguez GB, Murillo-Peña R, González-Lázaro M, Delgado-López JM, Garde-Cerdán T. Effects of foliar application of methyl jasmonate and/or urea, conventional or via nanoparticles, on grape volatile composition. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:8248-8262. [PMID: 39031784 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viticulture has adapted foliar applications of biostimulants as a tool to improve crop quality. Recently, nanotechnology has been incorporated as a strategy to reduce the loss of biostimulants and treat nutrient deficiencies. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of foliar applications of amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (ACP) doped with methyl jasmonate (ACP-MeJA) and urea (ACP-Ur), individually or together (ACP-MeJA+Ur), on the content of volatile compounds in 'Tempranillo' grapes, compared to the conventional application of MeJA and Ur, individually or in combination (MeJA+Ur). RESULTS The results showed that nanoparticle treatments reduced the total C6 compounds and some carbonyl compounds in the grape musts. This is of novel interest because their presence at high levels is undesirable to quality. In addition, some aroma-positive compounds such as nerol, neral, geranyl acetone, β-cyclocitral, β-ionone, 2-phenylethanal and 2-phenylethanol increased, despite applying MeJA and Ur at a lower dose. CONCLUSION Consequently, although few differences in grape volatile composition were detected, nanotechnology could be an option for improving the aromatic quality of grapes, at the same time as reducing the required doses of biostimulants and generating more sustainable agricultural practices. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesly L Torres-Díaz
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Eva P Pérez-Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Belén Parra-Torrejón
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sandra Marín-San Román
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Itziar de Sáenz de Urturi
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Rebeca Murillo-Peña
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Miriam González-Lázaro
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - José M Delgado-López
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
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Li W, Ye N, Xie P, Zhang Z. Regulatory mechanism of methyl jasmonate and methyl dihydrojasmonate in enhancing aroma in 'Cabernet Gernischt' via the lipoxygenase pathway. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39254304 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study explored the effects of pre-harvest methyl jasmonates spraying on the volatiles of 'Cabernet Gernischt' grapes through the lipoxygenase pathway. Headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were utilized to analyze volatile metabolites and key enzyme activities following methyl jasmonates application. Total RNA extraction and cDNA library construction were followed by transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS The application of 0.1 mmol L-1 methyl jasmonate and 5 mmol L-1 methyl dihydrojasmonate significantly increased the levels of C6 compounds in 'Cabernet Gernischt' berries, and also enhanced the utilization of unsaturated fatty acids as precursors in the lipoxygenase-hydroperoxides lyase pathway. The up-regulated expression of VvADH1, VvADH2, VvHPL and VvLOX2S genes led to modulations in enzyme activity, thereby enhancing the berries's aromatic profile. There was a significant correlation between linoleic and linolenic acids (i.e. the precursors of the lipoxygenase pathway) and the activities and metabolites of key enzymes. CONCLUSION The optimal concentration of methyl jasmonates treatment favorably influences the accumulation of green leaf volatiles in 'Cabernet Gernischt' grape. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nan Ye
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Palai G, D'Onofrio C. Berry secondary metabolites and leaf physiological parameters are independently regulated by exogenous methyl jasmonate application in Sangiovese grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108378. [PMID: 38266562 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The role of jasmonates as elicitor of secondary metabolites is well known, and many experiments have been conducted in grapevine to evaluate their effects on berry and wine quality. Even though most of these studies used foliar jasmonates applications, little investigations have been done to assess the effects on leaves which, in turn, may indirectly affect grape metabolism potentially involving a long distance signaling or crosstalk. In this experiment we jointly investigated the specific effect of jasmonates on grape berry secondary metabolites and leaf physiological parameters to better comprehend their elicitation mechanisms in grapevine. A 10 mM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) solution was applied during the lag-phase only on the leaves or only on the clusters and compared to an untreated control. The MeJA specifically affected leaf physiological parameters and berry metabolism in the treated area. When applied only on the leaves, gas exchange parameters and leaf efficiency were reduced, stimulating the senescence mechanisms, without affecting berry metabolism. On the contrary, MeJA applied on the clusters significantly delayed berry ripening, leading to hypothesize a re-route of the berry carbon resources through the biosynthesis of volatile organic compounds which were strongly increased, especially the monoterpenes in their glycosylated form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Palai
- Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio D'Onofrio
- Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center 'Nutraceuticals and Food for Health', University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Pérez-Álvarez EP, Rubio-Bretón P, Intrigliolo DS, Parra-Torrejón B, Ramírez-Rodríguez GB, Delgado-López JM, Garde-Cerdán T. Nanoparticles doped with methyl jasmonate: foliar application to Monastrell vines under two watering regimes. An alternative to improve grape volatile composition? JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:598-610. [PMID: 37615514 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elicitors induce defense mechanisms, triggering the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Irrigation has implications for a more sustainable viticulture and for grape composition. The aim was to investigate the influence on grape aroma composition during 2019 and 2020 of the foliar application of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles and ACP doped with methyl jasmonate (ACP-MeJ), as an elicitor, with rainfed or regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) grapevines. RESULTS In both growing seasons, nearly all terpenoids, C13 norisoprenoids, benzenoid compounds and alcohols increased with ACP-MeJ under the RDI regimen. In 2019, under the rainfed regime, ACP treatment increased limonene, p-cymene, α-terpineol, 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN), 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, and MeJ concentration in comparison with control grapes. In 2020, the rainfed regime treated with ACP-MeJ only increased the nonanoic acid content. Grape volatile compounds were most influenced by season and watering status whereas the foliar application mainly affected the terpenoids. CONCLUSION A RDI regime combined with the elicitor ACP-MeJ application could improve the synthesis of certain important volatile compounds, such as p-cymene, linalool, α-terpineol, geranyl acetone, β-ionone, 2-phenylethanol, benzyl alcohol, and nonanoic acid in Monastrell grapes. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva P Pérez-Álvarez
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja). Ctra. de Burgos, Logroño, Spain
| | - Pilar Rubio-Bretón
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja). Ctra. de Burgos, Logroño, Spain
| | - Diego S Intrigliolo
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE, CSIC-UV-GV), Moncada, Spain
| | - Belén Parra-Torrejón
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - José M Delgado-López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja). Ctra. de Burgos, Logroño, Spain
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Guo Y, Wang Z, He Y, Gao H, Shi H. Profiling of Volatile Compounds in 'Muscat Hamburg' Contaminated with Aspergillus carbonarius before OTA Biosynthesis Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS and DLLME-GC-MS. Molecules 2024; 29:567. [PMID: 38338312 PMCID: PMC10856765 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus carbonarius is known to produce the carcinogenic ochratoxin A (OTA) in grapes. The metabolism process before OTA biosynthesis influences the content and composition of the volatile compounds in grapes. In this study, a self-established method based on QuEChERS coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was used to determine the OTA levels during a seven-day contamination period. The results showed that OTA was detected on the second day after contamination with A. carbonarius. Thus, the first day was considered as the critical sampling timepoint for analyzing the volatiles in grapes before OTA biosynthesis. Additionally, the volatile compounds in grapes were analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (DLLME-GC-MS). The corresponding data were evaluated via multivariate data analysis using projection methods, including PCA and OPLS-DA. The results indicated significant differences in the nine volatile compounds in grapes contaminated with A. carbonarius before OTA biosynthesis. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis showed positive correlations between ethyl acetate, styrene, 1-hexanol and OTA; (E)-2-hexenal and nerolic acid were negatively correlated with OTA. Overall, these findings provide a theoretical basis for the early prediction of OTA formation in grape and grape products using GC-MS technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Guo
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yi He
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Huanhuan Gao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Hongmei Shi
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.)
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Zhu X, Yang X, Yang L, Fang Y, Jiang Y, Li Y. Preharvest salicylic acid application improves the amino acid content and volatile profile in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay during development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108103. [PMID: 37862932 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important component that affects grapevine growth and the formation of flavor-associated volatile chemicals in grape berries. Dynamic changes in amino acids and aroma compounds in Chardonnay grape berry preharvest treated with different doses of salicylic acid (SA) at onset and one week later of veraison stage were evaluated. Exogenous 1- or 3-mM SA application significantly increased the content of total soluble solid and titratable acid in grapes, while 5 mM SA tended to decrease their levels. Compared with the control, the concentration of yeast assimilable nitrogen were 9.3% and 14.6% higher in 3 mM SA-treated grapes in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Preharvest 3 mM SA treatment efficiently enhanced the accumulation of nine amino acids, including tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, lysine, asparagine, valine, isoleucine and histidine, as well as the concentration of total amino acid with and without proline in the two grape vintages. Higher concentrations of primary phenylalanine-derivatives and terpenoids and lower levels of C6 compounds in grapes treated with 3 mM SA were observed during the 2021-2022 season. Overall, SA improved the quality of wine grape in a dose dependent manner, while the response of berries to SA treatment also showed effects of the vintage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Gansu Key Lab of Viticulture and Enology, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xueshan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Gansu Key Lab of Viticulture and Enology, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yaping Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongcai Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Gansu Key Lab of Viticulture and Enology, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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7
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Garde-Cerdán T, González-Lázaro M, Marín-San Román S, Sáenz de Urturi I, Murillo-Peña R, Rubio-Bretón P, Pérez-Álvarez EP. Could foliar applications of methyl jasmonate and methyl jasmonate + urea improve must grape aroma composition? JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4813-4825. [PMID: 36905182 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grape aromas are formed by a great number of volatile compounds. Methyl jasmonate (MeJ) and urea (Ur) foliar applications have been studied to improve grape quality, but their combined application has never been studied. RESULTS In both seasons, MeJ application enhanced terpenoids and C6 compounds synthesis, though decreased alcohols content. Moreover, MeJ + Ur treatment reduced benzenoids and alcohols and did not affect C13 -norisoprenoids content. However, there was no clear effect of these treatments on the rest of the volatile compounds. Multifactorial analysis showed a season effect on all volatile compounds, except terpenoids. Discriminant analysis showed a good separation among samples under treatment criterion. The great effect of MeJ treatment on terpenoids was probably due to this elicitor influencing their biosynthesis. CONCLUSION Season has a strong influence on grapes aromatic composition since it affects all volatile compound families except terpenoids. MeJ foliar application enhanced terpenoids, C13 -norisoprenoids and C6 compounds synthesis, whereas decreased alcohols content; however, MeJ + Ur foliar treatment did not affect C13 -norisoprenoids and C6 compounds, and decreased benzenoids and alcohols grape compounds. Therefore, no synergistic effect was observed between Ur and MeJ on grape volatile compounds biosynthesis. Foliar application of MeJ seems to be sufficient to improve the aromatic quality of grapes. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, km. 6, Logroño, La Rioja, 26007, Spain
| | - Miriam González-Lázaro
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, km. 6, Logroño, La Rioja, 26007, Spain
| | - Sandra Marín-San Román
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, km. 6, Logroño, La Rioja, 26007, Spain
| | - Itziar Sáenz de Urturi
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, km. 6, Logroño, La Rioja, 26007, Spain
| | - Rebeca Murillo-Peña
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, km. 6, Logroño, La Rioja, 26007, Spain
| | - Pilar Rubio-Bretón
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, km. 6, Logroño, La Rioja, 26007, Spain
| | - Eva Pilar Pérez-Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, km. 6, Logroño, La Rioja, 26007, Spain
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Vine Foliar Treatments at Veraison and Post-Veraison with Methyl Jasmonate Enhanced Aromatic, Phenolic and Nitrogen Composition of Tempranillo Blanco Grapes. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061142. [PMID: 36981069 PMCID: PMC10048190 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJ) is an elicitor that, when applied in the vineyard, can improve grape quality. There are several studies about the MeJ influence on red grape varieties; however, to our knowledge, there is little information about white grape varieties, specifically Tempranillo Blanco. Therefore, the aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of MeJ foliar treatments, carried out at veraison and post-veraison, on the aromatic, phenolic and nitrogen composition of Tempranillo Blanco grapes. The results showed that grape volatile compounds content increased after MeJ application, especially terpenoids, C13 norisoprenoids, benzenoids and alcohols, and, in general, mainly at post-veraison. Regarding phenolic and nitrogen compounds, their concentrations were enhanced after MeJ treatments, regardless of application time. Consequently, MeJ treatment improved grape volatile, phenolic and nitrogen composition, particularly when this elicitor was applied post-veraison. Therefore, this is a good and easy tool to modulate white grape quality.
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Recent Advances in Research into Jasmonate Biosynthesis and Signaling Pathways in Agricultural Crops and Products. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are phospholipid-derived hormones that regulate plant development and responses to environmental stress. The synthesis of JAs and the transduction of their signaling pathways are precisely regulated at multiple levels within and outside the nucleus as a result of a combination of genetic and epigenetic regulation. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the regulation of JA biosynthesis and their signaling pathways. The biosynthesis of JAs was found to be regulated with an autocatalytic amplification mechanism via the MYC2 regulation pathway and inhibited by an autonomous braking mechanism via the MYC2-targeting bHLH1 protein to terminate JA signals in a highly ordered manner. The biological functions of JAs mainly include the promotion of fruit ripening at the initial stage via ethylene-dependent and independent ways, the regulation of mature coloring via regulating the degradation of chlorophyll and the metabolism of anthocyanin, and the improvement of aroma components via the regulation of fatty acid and aldehyde alcohol metabolism in agricultural crops. JA signaling pathways also function in the enhancement of biotic and abiotic stress resistance via the regulation of secondary metabolism and the redox system, and they relieve cold damage to crops through improving the stability of the cell membrane. These recently published findings indicate that JAs are an important class of plant hormones necessary for regulating plant growth and development, ripening, and the resistance to stress in agricultural crops and products.
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Influence of foliar treatments with methyl jasmonate and methyl jasmonate-doped nanoparticles on nitrogen composition of Tempranillo grapes during two vintages. Eur Food Res Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-023-04206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
AbstractNanoparticles are emerging as a cutting-edge technology to improve crop agricultural input efficiency and reduce biotic and abiotic stresses. In viticulture, nanoparticles hold promise for the sustainable application of an elicitor (methyl jasmonate, MeJ), allowing a considerable dosage reduction. Herein, the influence of the foliar application of free MeJ (10 mM) and MeJ nanoformulation (ACP-MeJ, 1 mM MeJ) on Tempranillo grape amino acids content over two vintages (2019 and 2020) was evaluated. While both MeJ treatments provided a significant increase of the amino nitrogen and yeast assimilable nitrogen in the must in 2019, there were no significant differences on these parameters in 2020. In 2019, MeJ treatment enhanced the synthesis of most of the amino acids included in this study, while ACP-MeJ promoted the formation of six amino acids. Hence, the content of total amino acids, with and without proline, was higher after applying MeJ than in the control musts. However, these values were higher for control must than for MeJ samples in 2020. The multivariable analysis confirmed that the vintage factor had a more prominent effect on the overall parameters of the musts. This strong influence of the vintage could be related to the higher rainfall in 2020.
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Giménez-Bañón MJ, Paladines-Quezada DF, Moreno-Olivares JD, Bleda-Sánchez JA, Fernández-Fernández JI, Parra-Torrejón B, Ramírez-Rodríguez GB, Delgado-López JM, Gil-Muñoz R. Methyl Jasmonate and Nanoparticles Doped with Methyl Jasmonate affect the Cell Wall Composition of Monastrell Grape Skins. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031478. [PMID: 36771144 PMCID: PMC9921610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural composition of the cell wall of grape skins is related to the cell wall integrity and subsequent extraction of the different compounds that are contained inside vacuoles and also the cell wall breakdown products. Different reports have established that methyl jasmonate (MeJ) produces changes in the composition of the grape skin cell wall. The use of elicitors to promote the production of secondary metabolites in grapes has been studied in several reports; however, its study linked to nanotechnology is less developed. These facts led us to study the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJ) and nanoparticles doped with MeJ (nano-MeJ) on the cell walls of Monastrell grapes during three seasons. Both treatments tended to increase cell wall material (CWM) and caused changes in different components of the skin cell walls. In 2019 and 2021, proteins were enlarged in both MeJ and nano-MeJ-treated grapes. A general decrease in total phenolic compounds was detected with both treatments, in addition to an increment in uronic acids when the grapes were well ripened. MeJ and nano-MeJ produced a diminution in the amount of cellulose in contrast to an increase in hemicellulose. It should be noted that the effects with nano-MeJ treatment occurred at a dose 10 times lower than with MeJ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Giménez-Bañón
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Juan Daniel Moreno-Olivares
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Bleda-Sánchez
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Belén Parra-Torrejón
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Rocío Gil-Muñoz
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Foliar application of methyl jasmonate and methyl jasmonate supported on nanoparticles: Incidence on grape phenolic composition over two seasons. Food Chem 2023; 402:134244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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VanderWeide J, Harris C, Zandberg WF, Castellarin SD. Understanding the Sensitivity of Grape Terpenes to Jasmonates Using In Vitro Culture and In Vivo Vineyard Experiments. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3141-3151. [PMID: 36602277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Terpene volatiles define the flavor of terpenic grape cultivars. However, grape terpene concentrations can vary 2- to 3-fold across seasons and vineyards, impacting vintage quality. The plant hormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA) stimulates grape terpene production but is expensive and can decrease berry weight and maturity. The synthetic jasmonate prohydrojasmon (PDJ) is cost-effective yet has not been evaluated on grape maturity and terpene production. Here, we performed in vitro (berry culture) and in vivo (vineyard) experiments using Gewürztraminer (Vitis vinifera L.) to evaluate the time- and concentration-dependent sensitivity of maturity parameters and terpene content to MeJA and PDJ. In vitro berry weight was reduced by high MeJA and PDJ concentration across timings. Terpenes were most sensitive to low MeJA concentration at veraison (increased 24-fold) in vitro. Moderate PDJ concentration applied at veraison doubled (increased twofold) terpene concentration in vivo without impacting berry weight or maturity. In conclusion, PDJ may provide a solution to mitigate seasonal variability in terpene production in terpenic grape cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua VanderWeide
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Chelsea Harris
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wesley F Zandberg
- Wine Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, 3187 University Way, Kelowna, BCV1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Simone D Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
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Application of Elicitors, as Conventional and Nano Forms, in Viticulture: Effects on Phenolic, Aromatic and Nitrogen Composition of Tempranillo Wines. BEVERAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages8030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The phenolic, aromatic and nitrogen composition of a wine determines its organoleptic profile and quality. Elicitors have been used as a tool to stimulate the plant’s defense systems, favoring the synthesis of secondary metabolites. In this pioneering study, the elicitor methyl jasmonate in conventional form (MeJ) and in nanoparticle form (ACP-MeJ), with a concentration ten times lower, was applied in a Tempranillo vineyard over two seasons. The phenolic, nitrogen and volatile composition and the sensory properties of the MeJ-based wines were determined. The results showed that the effects of foliar applications of MeJ modify the wine composition. Thus, although the total concentration of most of the groups of phenolic compounds was not altered, several compounds, such as petunidin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, epigallocatechin and most of the stilbenes, increased, in both years, in the treated wines. Amino acids were influenced differently in each of the years studied, and volatile compounds generally did not improve in the treated wines. However, the ACP-MeJ wines were the best rated by the tasters, highlighting their equilibrium on the taste and their genuineness and odor quality. Therefore, foliar applications of ACP-MeJ can be considered a useful tool to improve wine quality.
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Marín-San Román S, Carot JM, Sáenz de Urturi I, Rubio-Bretón P, Pérez-Álvarez EP, Garde-Cerdán T. Optimization of thin film-microextraction (TF-SPME) method in order to determine musts volatile compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1226:340254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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16
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Effect of Methyl Jasmonate and Methyl Jasmonate Plus Urea Foliar Applications on Wine Phenolic, Aromatic and Nitrogen Composition. BEVERAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages8030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Foliar application has been studied to enhance grape composition and, therefore, wine quality. This work examined, for first time, the effects of foliar applications of methyl jasmonate (MeJ) and methyl jasmonate plus urea (MeJ+Ur) to Tempranillo vineyard on wine phenolic, aromatic and nitrogen composition over two vintages (2019 and 2020). A reduction in alcoholic degree was observed in MeJ and MeJ+Ur wines. The effect of foliar treatments was season-dependent. MeJ and MeJ+Ur wines were characterized, in the first vintage, by a higher content of total acylated anthocyanins, but a low content of total esters, alcohols and acids when compared with control wines. MeJ+Ur wines presented a higher total amino acids content than control and MeJ wines. However, in the second vintage, MeJ and MeJ+Ur wines presented an increase in some non-acylated anthocyanins, but only MeJ+Ur treatment increased the total content of flavonols, flavanols, hydroxycinnamic acids, stilbenes and total amino acids when compared with control wines. MeJ wines presented a low content of esters and acids, whereas MeJ+Ur did not show differences with control wines. Overall, the effect of MeJ+Ur foliar treatment was greater than the effect of MeJ application in order to improve the wine chemical composition.
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17
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Pérez-Álvarez EP, Marinozzi S, Garde-Cerdán T, Romanazzi G. Influence on grape aromatic compounds of natural fungicides used for the control of downy mildew. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4570-4576. [PMID: 35137424 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The grape volatile fraction determines to a great extent its aroma, which is one of the most important characteristics influencing wine quality and consumer preferences. Grapevine downy mildew (GDM) is one of the most important and devastating diseases of grapevines worldwide. In this study, the impact on the volatile composition of cv. Verdicchio grapes of classical copper formulations, was compared to that of alternative products. Thus, 11 treatments were foliar applied throughout one grapevine cycle. RESULTS Most of the volatile compounds present in the grapes were not affected by the treatments used in order to prevent GDM. In the case of the total C13 norisoprenoids, some differences were found between grapes untreated control and those applied with the grapefruit seed extract. Moreover, the content of alcohols was smaller in grapes from Bordeaux mixture treatment and higher in the samples from chitosan application. CONCLUSION Therefore, from the qualitative point of view of the berry, treatment with tested products alternative to copper is recommended, which minimize the environmental and health problems that this heavy metal brings to the soil and in the winery, since it means that their applications did not affect the grape aroma. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva P Pérez-Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Sofia Marinozzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Mechanism of Foliar Application of Hormone-Type Growth Regulator in the Improvement of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Coloration in Saline-Alkaline Soil. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162115. [PMID: 36015418 PMCID: PMC9416415 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: To solve the problems of incomplete coloration and quality decline caused by unreasonable use of regulators in grapes, this study clarified the differences in the effects of a hormone-type growth regulator (AUT) and two commercial regulators on grape coloration and quality through field experiments. (2) Methods: The color indexes (brightness (L*), red/green color difference (a*), yellow/blue color difference (b*), and color index for red grapes (CIRG)) of grape fruit were measured using a CR-400 handheld color difference meter. The titratable acid content, total phenol content, and total sugar content were measured using anthrone colorimetry, folinol colorimetry, and NaOH titration, respectively, and the chalcone isomerase activity, phenylalanine ammoniase activity, dihydroflavol reductase activity, and anthocyanin content were measured using a UV spectrophotometer. (3) Results: The a*, total sugar and total phenol contents, and chalcone isomerase (CHI) and phenylalanine ammoniase (PAL) activities of grape fruit in the AUT treatment significantly increased, while the titratable acid content significantly decreased, compared to those in the CK treatment. The expressions of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) trpB and argJ in AUT treatment were significantly up-regulated. The expressions of the differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) phenylalanine and 4-oxoproline were significantly up-regulated, while those of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and N-acetyl glutamate were significantly down-regulated. The CIRG significantly increased by 36.4% compared to that in the CK, indicating improved fruit coloration. (4) Conclusion: The AUT could shorten the color conversion period of grape fruit and improve the coloration, taste, and tolerance to saline and alkaline stresses.
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Abstract
Elicitors as alternatives to agrochemicals are widely used as a sustainable farming practice. The use of elicitors in viticulture to control disease and improve phenolic compounds is widely recognized in this field. Concurrently, they also affect other secondary metabolites, such as aroma compounds. Grape and wine aroma compounds are an important quality factor that reflects nutritional information and influences consumer preference. However, the effects of elicitors on aroma compounds are diverse, as different grape varieties respond differently to treatments. Among the numerous commercialized elicitors, some have proven very effective in improving the quality of grapes and the resulting wines. This review summarizes some of the elicitors commonly used in grapevines for protection against biotic and abiotic stresses and their impact on the quality of volatile compounds. The work is intended to serve as a reference for growers for the sustainable development of high-quality grapes.
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Giménez-Bañón MJ, Moreno-Olivares JD, Paladines-Quezada DF, Bleda-Sánchez JA, Fernández-Fernández JI, Parra-Torrejón B, Delgado-López JM, Gil-Muñoz R. Effects of Methyl Jasmonate and Nano-Methyl Jasmonate Treatments on Monastrell Wine Volatile Composition. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092878. [PMID: 35566227 PMCID: PMC9102950 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of methyl jasmonate (MeJ) as an elicitor to enhance secondary metabolites in grapes and wines has been studied, but there is little information about its use in conjunction with nanotechnology and no information about its effects on wine volatile compounds. This led us to study the impact of nanoparticles doped with MeJ (Nano-MeJ, 1mM MeJ) on the volatile composition of Monastrell wines over three seasons, compared with the application of MeJ in a conventional way (10 mM MeJ). The results showed how both treatments enhanced fruity esters in wines regardless of the vintage year, although the increase was more evident when grapes were less ripe. These treatments also achieved these results in 2019 in the cases of 1-propanol, ß-phenyl-ethanol, and methionol, in 2020 in the cases of hexanol and methionol, and in 2021, but only in the case of hexanol. On the other hand, MeJ treatment also increased the terpene fraction, whereas Nano-MeJ, at the applied concentration, did not increase it in any of the seasons. In summary, although not all families of volatile compounds were increased by Nano-MeJ, the Nano-MeJ treatment generally increased the volatile composition to an extent similar to that obtained with MeJ used in a conventional way, but at a 10 times lower dose. Therefore, the use of nanotechnology could be a good option for improving the quality of wines from an aromatic point of view, while reducing the necessary dosage of agrochemicals, in line with more sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Giménez-Bañón
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (M.J.G.-B.); (J.D.M.-O.); (D.F.P.-Q.); (J.A.B.-S.); (J.I.F.-F.)
| | - Juan Daniel Moreno-Olivares
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (M.J.G.-B.); (J.D.M.-O.); (D.F.P.-Q.); (J.A.B.-S.); (J.I.F.-F.)
| | - Diego Fernando Paladines-Quezada
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (M.J.G.-B.); (J.D.M.-O.); (D.F.P.-Q.); (J.A.B.-S.); (J.I.F.-F.)
| | - Juan Antonio Bleda-Sánchez
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (M.J.G.-B.); (J.D.M.-O.); (D.F.P.-Q.); (J.A.B.-S.); (J.I.F.-F.)
| | - José Ignacio Fernández-Fernández
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (M.J.G.-B.); (J.D.M.-O.); (D.F.P.-Q.); (J.A.B.-S.); (J.I.F.-F.)
| | - Belén Parra-Torrejón
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (B.P.-T.); (J.M.D.-L.)
| | - José Manuel Delgado-López
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (B.P.-T.); (J.M.D.-L.)
| | - Rocío Gil-Muñoz
- Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (M.J.G.-B.); (J.D.M.-O.); (D.F.P.-Q.); (J.A.B.-S.); (J.I.F.-F.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Effects of Girdling and Foliar Fertilization with K on Physicochemical Parameters, Phenolic and Volatile Composition in ‘Hanxiangmi’ Table Grape. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Aroma is one of the most important indicators of grape quality. Girdling and foliar fertilization with K (K2O) are common agronomic practices applied to improve berry quality in grape production. However, little is known about its effect on the accumulation and biosynthesis of the entire aromatic profile. Our study was aimed to explore the influences of girdling and foliar fertilization with K (alone or in combination) on the general properties, phenolic composition, volatile free aroma compounds, spatial and temporal expression of terpene-related genes and sensory properties in ‘Hanxiangmi’ table grape. In this study, we found that girdling and foliar fertilization with K (alone or in combination) facilitated fruit enlargement and increased the accumulation of phenolic compounds in skin. The combination treatment of girdling and foliar fertilization with K significantly promoted the concentrations of total soluble solids (TSS) in the pulp and proanthocyanidins in the berry skin, and had a lower titratable acidity (TA) compared to those of the control. In contrast, girdling treatment alone increased the concentrations of titratable acidity. Volatile free aroma composition analysis revealed that the combination treatment increased the volatile compounds and concentrations significantly, most notably in terpenes, such as nerol, citronellol and linalool. Spatial and temporal expression analysis showed that the expression level of VvDXS was significantly correlated with linalool and total terpenes concentrations, as a result of which, we speculated that VvDXS is the candidate gene for the regulation of important grape terpenes. We hope that our results can direct farmers to better apply girdling and foliar fertilization with K in grape production.
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22
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Lazazzara V, Avesani S, Robatscher P, Oberhuber M, Pertot I, Schuhmacher R, Perazzolli M. Biogenic volatile organic compounds in the grapevine response to pathogens, beneficial microorganisms, resistance inducers, and abiotic factors. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:529-554. [PMID: 34409450 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in plants is triggered in response to external stimuli, and these compounds can migrate to distal tissues and neighbouring receivers. Although grapevine VOCs responsible for wine aroma and plant-insect communications are well characterized, functional properties of VOCs produced in response to phytopathogens, beneficial microorganisms, resistance inducers, and abiotic factors have been less studied. In this review, we focused on the emission patterns and potential biological functions of VOCs produced by grapevines in response to stimuli. Specific grapevine VOCs are emitted in response to the exogenous stimulus, suggesting their precise involvement in plant defence response. VOCs with inhibitory activities against pathogens and responsible for plant resistance induction are reported, and some of them can also be used as biomarkers of grapevine resistance. Likewise, VOCs produced in response to beneficial microorganisms and environmental factors are possible mediators of grapevine-microbe communications and abiotic stress tolerance. Although further functional studies may improve our knowledge, the existing literature suggests that VOCs have an underestimated potential application as pathogen inhibitors, resistance inducers against biotic or abiotic stresses, signalling molecules, membrane stabilizers, and modulators of reactive oxygen species. VOC patterns could also be used to screen for resistant traits or to monitor the plant physiological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lazazzara
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Sara Avesani
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, Pfatten (Vadena), 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Peter Robatscher
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, Pfatten (Vadena), 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Michael Oberhuber
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, Pfatten (Vadena), 39040 Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Ilaria Pertot
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Rainer Schuhmacher
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Michele Perazzolli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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Study of Wine Volatile Composition of Tempranillo versus Tempranillo Blanco, a New White Grape Variety. BEVERAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages7040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to analyze and compare the concentration of higher alcohols, esters, and acids in wines from Tempranillo and Tempranillo Blanco. Tempranillo Blanco is a new and little-studied white variety that originated from Tempranillo by a natural mutation. During three seasons, grapevines of both varieties were harvested, and nine wines were made from each. The volatile composition of the wines was determined by GC-MS. In the wines of both varieties, the content of higher alcohols was higher than those of esters and acids. Wines from Tempranillo Blanco had lower content of 2-phenylethanol, methionol, 1-hexanol, benzyl alcohol, and total higher alcohols, but higher hexyl acetate and ethyl decanoate than Tempranillo wines. Total ethyl esters and total esters were higher in Tempranillo wines due to the higher ethyl lactate and ethyl succinate content derivate from the malolactic fermentation that was not made in Tempranillo Blanco. The content of hexanoic and octanoic acids and total acids was also higher in Tempranillo Blanco wines than in Tempranillo. This is one of the first studies carried out on the wine volatile composition of Tempranillo Blanco and therefore contributes to a better understanding of the oenological characteristics of this white variety.
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24
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The Most Important Parameters to Differentiate Tempranillo and Tempranillo Blanco Grapes and Wines through Machine Learning. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chen C, Chen H, Ni M, Yu F. Methyl jasmonate application and flowering stage affect scent emission of
Styrax japonicus. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forest Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forest Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Ming Ni
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forest Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Fangyuan Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forest Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu China
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Paladines-Quezada DF, Fernández-Fernández JI, Moreno-Olivares JD, Bleda-Sánchez JA, Gómez-Martínez JC, Martínez-Jiménez JA, Gil-Muñoz R. Application of Elicitors in Two Ripening Periods of Vitis vinifera L. cv Monastrell: Influence on Anthocyanin Concentration of Grapes and Wines. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061689. [PMID: 33802929 PMCID: PMC8002746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has been demonstrated that the application of elicitors such as methyl-jasmonate (MeJ) and benzothiadiazole (BTH) to wine grapes can increase their phenolic and aromatic compounds if they are treated at the beginning of ripening (veraison). However, the veraison period is short, and it is not always possible to apply the treatments in a few days. Therefore, it would be of great interest to optimize the moment of elicitor application or extend the treatment period. The aim of this paper was to analyze during two consecutive years (2016–2017) the foliar application of MeJ, BTH, and a combination of both, during two different ripening periods of Monastrell grapes (veraison and mid-ripening), and determine the more appropriate moment to increase the concentration of anthocyanins. To carry out this aim, analysis of anthocyanins by HPLC in grapes and wines was mainly performed. The most suitable period for the application of MeJ, BTH, and MeJ + BTH was at mid-ripening, since the grapes showed a greater accumulation of anthocyanins at harvest. However, the MeJ + BTH treatment applied during veraison also obtained similar results, which would allow extending the application period if necessary. However, the increase in the anthocyanin content of grapes was not reflected in all the wines, which may have been due to reinforcement of the skin cell wall as a result of the application of elicitors. Further analysis is needed to improve the maceration process of the Monastrell grapes and the extraction of the anthocyanins that were increased by the treatments applied in the vineyard.
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Pre-fermentative maceration with SO 2 enhanced the must aromatic composition. Food Chem 2020; 345:128870. [PMID: 33341557 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SO2 is the additive most used in winemaking, due to its antioxidant and antiseptic activities. There have been several studies focused on these activities; however, there are hardly any studies that address its role as extractant. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the effect of SO2 on the must volatile composition after a pre-fermentation maceration. The results showed that the influence of SO2 on the extraction of the two most important families of varietal compounds, terpenoids and C13 norisoprenoids, was different: the content of total terpenoids increased by 95%, while for the total of C13 norisoprenoids no significant differences were observed. The other three families of volatile compounds studied, benzenoid compounds, esters, and C6 compounds, were found in greater quantity in the samples with SO2, increasing by 51%, 164%, and 45%, respectively. Consequently, SO2 can enhance the must aromatic composition of neutral varieties, such as Tempranillo.
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28
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Wang Y, Li HQ, Gao XT, Lu HC, Peng WT, Chen W, Li SD, Li SP, Duan CQ, Wang J. Influence of attenuated reflected solar radiation from the vineyard floor on volatile compounds in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines of the north foot of Mt. Tianshan. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109688. [PMID: 33233263 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, fruit-zone microclimate was modified by three treatments, including inter-row mulch (M), the combination of leaf removal applied at the onset of veraison and inter-row mulch (MLR-BV), and the combination of leaf removal applied at complete veraison and inter-row mulch (MLR-EV), in a semi-arid climate in three consecutive years (2015-2017). M decreased fruit-zone reflected solar radiation from vineyard floor and low temperature (10-20 °C) duration, whereas it increased soil temperature and high temperature (> 30 °C) duration. MLR-BV and MLR-EV increased fruit-zone incident photosynthetically active radiation while decreased the duration of 20-25 °C compared to M. Notably, M significantly decreased grape total norisoprenoid concentrations in 2015-2017, and total terpenoid concentrations in 2015-2016. Applying leaf removal applied at the onset of veraison could compensate the decreases of total norisoprenoids and terpenoids caused by M when two treatments were applied together. Besides, M significantly increased grape total C6/C9 compound concentrations, besides, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol concentrations were significantly higher in grapes of M than those of MLR-BV in 2015-2017. Light exposure and high temperature duration after veraison had strong positive correlations with total norisoprenoids and terpenoids, besides, low temperature duration was positively correlated with total norisoprenoids. In addition, light exposure after veraison had strong negative correlations with total C6/C9 compounds. With respect to the volatile compounds in wines, M significantly decreased the concentrations of isopentanol and ethyl acetate, and the concentrations of ethyl cinnamate, phenylacetaldehyde, phenylethyl alcohol and 3-methylthio-1-propanol were significantly lower in MLR-BV and MLR-EV than in M. The outcome of this study can assist winegrowers to properly adjust vineyard managements to optimize the concentrations of desired volatile compounds in grapes and wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui-Qing Li
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Gao
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Lu
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wen-Ting Peng
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wu Chen
- CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd., Manas 832200, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shu-De Li
- CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd., Manas 832200, Xinjiang, China
| | - Sui-Ping Li
- CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd., Manas 832200, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China.
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Marín-San Román S, Rubio-Bretón P, Pérez-Álvarez EP, Garde-Cerdán T. Advancement in analytical techniques for the extraction of grape and wine volatile compounds. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109712. [PMID: 33233285 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The grape and wine aroma is one of the most determining factors of quality, therefore the study of their volatile composition is a very important topic in vitiviniculture. The range of concentrations in which many of these compounds are found is quite low, in concentrations of ng/L; due to this, a sample preparation stage is necessary before doing the chromatographic analysis of the volatile compounds. In this review, the main analytical techniques used for the extraction of volatile compounds in grapes and wines are studied. The techniques presented are liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid phase extraction (SPE), solid phase microextraction (SPME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), and thin film solid phase microextraction (TF-SPME). For each of these techniques, a description was made, and the different characteristics were numbered, as well as their main advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, from the second technique, a comparison is made with the previous techniques, explaining the reasons why new techniques have emerged. Throughout the review it is possible to see the different techniques that have been emerging in the past years as an improvement of the classical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Marín-San Román
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6., 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - Pilar Rubio-Bretón
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6., 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - Eva P Pérez-Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6., 26007 Logroño, Spain; Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Ed. 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de La Rioja), Ctra. de Burgos, Km. 6., 26007 Logroño, Spain.
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30
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Li W, Li W, Yang S, Ma Z, Zhou Q, Mao J, Han S, Chen B. Transcriptome and Metabolite Conjoint Analysis Reveals that Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate Regulates Monoterpene Synthesis in Grape Berry Skin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5270-5281. [PMID: 32338508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Monoterpene is one of the important sources of varietal aroma, which provides a strong floral and fruity aroma in wines. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) affects plant secondary metabolism. However, the regulatory mechanisms of monoterpene biosynthesis after MeJA application on grapes are not illuminated. In the present study, 10 mM MeJA was used as treatments in Italian Riesling grape at the preveraison stage in different ways, including grape cluster soaking, foliar spraying, and whole vine spraying, designated as T1, T2, and T3, respectively, while a blank group was used as the control (CK). HS-SPME/GC-MS and transcriptome sequencing analysis were performed to investigate the effect of exogenous MeJA on monoterpene synthesis in grape berry skin. The results of GC-MS showed that the application of MeJA induced the accumulation of volatile monoterpenes in grape berry skin, especially linalool, α-terpineol, and oxides. In addition, transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were increased from T2 to T3 to T1 compared with CK, and significantly enriched in JA and monoterpene synthesis pathways. T1 application significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of LOX2S, AOS, OPR, and JMT involved in the JA biosynthesis pathway, as well as DXS, HMGCR, TPS14, and α-terpineol synthesis genes involved in the monoterpene synthesis pathway compared with T2, T3, and CK. Thus, grape cluster soaking treatment with MeJA could greatly activate volatile monoterpene synthesis. The results will deeply increase our understanding of the monoterpene biosynthesis of grape berry skin in response to MeJA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wenfang Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shijin Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zonghuan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Juan Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shunyu Han
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
| | - Baihong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China
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31
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Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Garde-Cerdán T, Rubio-Bretón P, Pérez-Álvarez EP. Seaweed foliar applications at two dosages to Tempranillo blanco (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines in two seasons: Effects on grape and wine volatile composition. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108918. [PMID: 32156366 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effects of seaweed applications to grapevines on grape and wine volatile composition are currently unknown. The aim of this work was to study the influence of seaweed foliar applications (Ascophyllum nodosum) to a Tempranillo blanco vineyard on grape and wine volatile composition. A low (Ld) and a high dosage (Hd) of the seaweed fertilizer was applied in two consecutive seasons (2017-2018). The most abundant family of varietal volatile compounds in Tempranillo blanco grapes was C13 norisoprenoid. Hd treatment tended to increase the concentration of certain C6 compounds in grapes in both seasons, whereas Ld application tended to decrease 2-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethanal content in grapes with a season dependence. Season factor affected to the concentration of most of the volatile compounds in grapes due to the differences on rainfall, which affected to the weight of 100 berries and physico-chemical parameters. Yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) in musts could have affected the concentration of most of the wine volatile compounds. According to odor activity values (OAV), Tempranillo blanco wines were characterized as floral, fruity, banana, pear, among others aroma compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gutiérrez-Gamboa
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - T Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain.
| | - P Rubio-Bretón
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain
| | - E P Pérez-Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain; Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Ed. 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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32
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Zhu C, Zhang S, Fu H, Zhou C, Chen L, Li X, Lin Y, Lai Z, Guo Y. Transcriptome and Phytochemical Analyses Provide New Insights Into Long Non-Coding RNAs Modulating Characteristic Secondary Metabolites of Oolong Tea ( Camellia sinensis) in Solar-Withering. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1638. [PMID: 31929782 PMCID: PMC6941427 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Oolong tea is a popular and semi-fermented beverage. During the processing of tea leaves, withering is the first indispensable process for improving flavor. However, the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the characteristic secondary metabolites during the withering of oolong tea leaves remain unknown. In this study, phytochemical analyses indicated that total polyphenols, flavonoids, catechins, epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin gallate (CG), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were all less abundant in the solar-withered leaves (SW) than in the fresh leaves (FL) and indoor-withered leaves (IW). In contrast, terpenoid, jasmonic acid (JA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) contents were higher in the SW than in the FL and IW. By analyzing the transcriptome data, we detected 32,036 lncRNAs. On the basis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, the flavonoid metabolic pathway, the terpenoid metabolic pathway, and the JA/MeJA biosynthesis and signal transduction pathway were enriched pathways. Additionally, 63 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and 23 target genes were identified related to the three pathways. A comparison of the expression profiles of the DE-lncRNAs and their target genes between the SW and IW revealed four up-regulated genes (FLS, CCR, CAD, and HCT), seven up-regulated lncRNAs, four down-regulated genes (4CL, CHI, F3H, and F3'H), and three down-regulated lncRNAs related to flavonoid metabolism; nine up-regulated genes (DXS, CMK, HDS, HDR, AACT, MVK, PMK, GGPPS, and TPS), three up-regulated lncRNAs, and six down-regulated lncRNAs related to terpenoid metabolism; as well as six up-regulated genes (LOX, AOS, AOC, OPR, ACX, and MFP2), four up-regulated lncRNAs, and three down-regulated lncRNAs related to JA/MeJA biosynthesis and signal transduction. These results suggested that the expression of DE-lncRNAs and their targets involved in the three pathways may be related to the low abundance of the total polyphenols, flavonoids, and catechins (EGC, CG, GCG, ECG, and EGCG) and the high abundance of terpenoids in the SW. Moreover, solar irradiation, high JA and MeJA contents, and the endogenous target mimic (eTM)-related regulatory mechanism in the SW were also crucial for increasing the terpenoid levels. These findings provide new insights into the greater contribution of solar-withering to the high-quality flavor of oolong tea compared with the effects of indoor-withering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Fu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengzhe Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuling Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqiong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Effects of fertigation by elicitors enriched in amino acids from vegetal and animal origins on Syrah plant gas exchange and grape quality. Food Res Int 2019; 125:108630. [PMID: 31554113 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition management of vines is a key factor that regulates production and determines grape quality. Currently, one of the main objectives of fertilization is to apply eco-friendly and balanced nutrition. In this case, fertigation is the most efficient strategy. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of innovative fertilizers on Syrah grapevines. The tested products contained an elicitor, macro- and microelements and amino acids from animal and vegetal origins. Fertilizers were applied by fertigation under field conditions in 2016, 2017 and 2018. The influence of the treatments on the grapevine gas exchange, element assimilation and oenological composition of must was evaluated. Additionally, the amino acid contents and volatile composition were determined. The results suggest that application of fertigation does not directly influence the water status of Syrah vines under the conditions of the study but can improve the gas exchange balance and N assimilation. Moreover, the leaf assimilation of Zn, Ca and, to a lesser extent, B were improved at the bloom stage, and the assimilation of Mn was improved at veraison. Small changes were observed in the basic parameters of musts, and an increase in yeast assimilable nitrogen was detected in treated vines. The aromatic profile of grape musts was enhanced in treated vines, and the elicitors enriched in vegetal amino acids could be a sustainable alternative for improving certain vegetative and grape quality parameters of Syrah.
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Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Romanazzi G, Garde-Cerdán T, Pérez-Álvarez EP. A review of the use of biostimulants in the vineyard for improved grape and wine quality: effects on prevention of grapevine diseases. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1001-1009. [PMID: 30198154 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Foliar application of biostimulants (including resistance inducers or elicitors) in the vineyard has become an interesting strategy to prevent plant diseases and improve grape quality on the grapevine. This also represents a partial alternative to soil fertilisation, avoiding some of the negative effects to the environment from leaching of nutrients into the groundwater. The foliar applications that most promote the synthesis of secondary metabolites in grape berries are treatments with nitrogen, elicitors, other biostimulants, and waste from the agricultural industry. However, the impact of their use in the vineyard depends on a number of conditions, including mainly the type of compound, application rate, timing and number of applications, and cultivar. This review thus summarises the influence of biostimulants as foliar applications to grapevines on grape amino acids and their phenolic and volatile concentrations, to define the most important factors in their effectiveness. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche Ancona, Italy
| | - Teresa Garde-Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Eva P Pérez-Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja), CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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35
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Gutiérrez‐Gamboa G, Pérez‐Álvarez EP, Rubio‐Bretón P, Garde‐Cerdán T. Waste waters from the leachate of mushroom as vine foliar treatments: influence on grape volatile composition over two consecutive seasons. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Gutiérrez‐Gamboa
- Grupo VIENAP Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja) Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6 Logroño 26007 Spain
| | - Eva P. Pérez‐Álvarez
- Grupo VIENAP Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja) Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6 Logroño 26007 Spain
| | - Pilar Rubio‐Bretón
- Grupo VIENAP Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja) Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6 Logroño 26007 Spain
| | - Teresa Garde‐Cerdán
- Grupo VIENAP Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja, Universidad de La Rioja) Carretera de Burgos, Km. 6 Logroño 26007 Spain
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