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Crescenzi MA, Serreli G, Deiana M, Tuberoso CIG, Montoro P, Piacente S. Metabolite Profiling, through LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS Analysis, of Antioxidant Extracts from Physalis alkekengi L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2101. [PMID: 38136220 PMCID: PMC10741110 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing use of Physalis alkekengi L. as a food supplement and starting material for tea preparation, a comprehensive analysis of green extracts was performed. Two different extraction methods were applied to yellow Physalis alkekengi L. fruit and calyx and compared: hydroalcoholic extraction and decoction. Characterization of the metabolome of the calyx and fruit of yellow Physalis alkekengi L. was performed by LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS followed by LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS/MS to identify 58 phytocompounds using the two different extraction techniques. Subsequently, through preliminary spectrophotometric assays followed by cell studies, the antioxidant activity of the different Physalis alkekengi L. extracts were evaluated. It was found that Physalis alkekengi L. extracts are a good source of metabolites such as flavonoids, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, physalins and carotenoids, with various biological activities, in particular, antioxidant activity capable of reducing the production of free radicals in intestinal Caco-2 cells. For the first time, an integrated approach (metabolomics approach and antioxidant evaluation) was applied to the study of Physalis alkekengi green extracts and decoctions, the green extraction method mostly used in herbal preparations. An interesting finding was the high antioxidant activity shown by these extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Assunta Crescenzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.A.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Unit of Experimental Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Monica Deiana
- Unit of Experimental Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Carlo I. G. Tuberoso
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Paola Montoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.A.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.A.C.); (S.P.)
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2
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Gil KA, Nowicka P, Wojdyło A, Serreli G, Deiana M, Tuberoso CIG. Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes of New Strawberry Tree Fruit/Apple Smoothies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040805. [PMID: 37107180 PMCID: PMC10135069 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, original smoothies obtained with strawberry tree fruit puree and apple juice enriched with Diospyros kaki fruits, Myrtus communis purple berry extract, Acca sellowiana, and Crocus sativus petal juice were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and inhibition of targeted digestive enzymes. Values of CUPRAC, FRAP, ORAC, DPPH•, and ABTS•+ assays generally increased with plant enrichment, particularly for A. sellowiana addition (ABTS•+ 2.51 ± 0.01 mmol Trolox/100 g fw). The same trend was observed regarding the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) tested in Caco-2 cell cultures. Inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase was increased by D. kaki, M. communis, and A. sellowiana. Total polyphenols evaluated by UPLC-PDA analysis ranged between 535.75 ± 3.11 and 635.96 ± 5.21 mg/100 g fw, and A. sellowiana provided the higher amount. Flavan-3-ols accounted for more than 70% of phenolic compounds, and only smoothies enriched with C. sativus showed a high amount of anthocyanins (25.12 ± 0.18 mg/100 g fw). The outcome of this study indicates these original smoothies as a possible ally in counteracting oxidative stress, as established by their favourable antioxidant compound profile, thus suggesting an interesting future application as nutraceuticals.
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3
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Ibba R, Corona P, Nonne F, Caria P, Serreli G, Palmas V, Riu F, Sestito S, Nieddu M, Loddo R, Sanna G, Piras S, Carta A. Design, Synthesis, and Antiviral Activities of New Benzotriazole-Based Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030429. [PMID: 36986528 PMCID: PMC10054465 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human diseases are caused by enteroviruses and are currently clinically untreatable, pushing the research to identify new antivirals. A notable number of benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1(2)-yl derivatives were designed, synthesized, and in vitro evaluated for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against a wide spectrum of RNA positive- and negative-sense viruses. Five of them (11b, 18e, 41a, 43a, 99b) emerged for their selective antiviral activity against Coxsackievirus B5, a human enteroviruses member among the Picornaviridae family. The EC50 values ranged between 6 and 18.5 μM. Among all derivatives, compounds 18e and 43a were interestingly active against CVB5 and were selected to better define the safety profile on cell monolayers by transepithelial resistance test (TEER). Results indicated compound 18e as the hit compound to investigate the potential mechanism of action by apoptosis assay, virucidal activity test, and the time of addition assay. CVB5 is known to be cytotoxic by inducing apoptosis in infected cells; in this study, compound 18e was proved to protect cells from viral infection. Notably, cells were mostly protected when pre-treated with derivative 18e, which had, however, no virucidal activity. From the performed biological assays, compound 18e turned out to be non-cytotoxic as well as cell protective against CVB5 infection, with a mechanism of action ascribable to an interaction on the early phase of infection, by hijacking the viral attachment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ibba
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Paola Corona
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Francesca Nonne
- GSK Vaccine Institute for Global Health GSK, Via Fiorentina, 1, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Paola Caria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Vanessa Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Federico Riu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedicinskt Centrum, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Simona Sestito
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Maria Nieddu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Roberta Loddo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Sandra Piras
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Antonio Carta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
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Candying process for enhancing pre-waste watermelon rinds to increase food sustainability. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Chemical characterization, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of hydroalcoholic extract from the albedo and flavedo of Citrus limon var. pompia Camarda. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01659-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDue to the high nutritional value as well as the appreciated sensory characteristic Citrus crop is one of the most popular fruits over the world. Albedo and flavedo are commonly discarded as waste and could represent an important by-product of food industry. In a circular economy contest we carried out a characterization of albedo and flavedo of Citrus limon var pompia (pompia) followed by the evaluation of antioxidant potential and cytotoxic activity. The chemical analysis showed the presence of several functional ingredients such as the flavanones, naringin, neohesperidin, nereriocitrin and hesperidin while quinic acid resulted the main phenolic acid detected. The flavedo extract exerted a complete inhibition of the cholesterol oxidative process from 25 μg of extract. Pompia extracts showed an inhibition of lipid oxidation in the β-carotene-linoleate system with an activity equivalent to about 0.31% (albedo) and 0.34% (flavedo) of the BHT activity, while the antiradical activity resulted equivalent to that of 62.90% (albedo) and 60.72% (flavedo) of the trolox activity. Finally, all extracts did not show any cytotoxic effect on differentiated Caco-2 cells by the AlamarBlue assay while exhibited, by MTT assay, a significant decrease in colon cancer Caco-2 cell viability.
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Storage time of nut spreads using flash gas chromatography E-nose combined with multivariate data analysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bouzabata A, Montoro P, Gil KA, Piacente S, Youssef FS, Al Musayeib NM, Cordell GA, Ashour ML, Tuberoso CIG. HR-LC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS-Based Metabolic Profiling Coupled with Chemometrics for the Discrimination of Different Echinops spinosus Organs and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030453. [PMID: 35326103 PMCID: PMC8944760 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess and correlate the phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts of the stems, roots, flowers, and leaves of Echinops spinosus L. from north-eastern Algeria. Qualitative analysis was performed by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR) LC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS and (HR) LC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS). Forty-five compounds were identified in the methanol extracts; some are described for the first time in E. spinosus. Targeted phenolic compounds were quantified by HPLC-DAD and it was shown that caffeoyl quinic derivatives were the most abundant compounds. Chemometric analysis was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on the qualitative and quantitative LC data. The score plot discriminates different Echinopsis spinosus organs into three distinct clusters, with the stems and flowers allocated in the same cluster, reflecting their resemblance in their secondary metabolites. The antioxidant activities of the methanol extracts were assessed using cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant assay (FRAP), diphenyl picryl hydrazyl radical-scavenging capacity assay (DPPH●), and 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS●+). The root extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, evidenced by 3.26 and 1.61 mmol Fe2+/g dried residue for CUPRAC and FRAP, respectively, and great free radical-scavenging activities estimated by 0.53 and 0.82 mmol TEAC/g dried residue for DPPH● and ABTS●+, respectively. The methanol extract of the roots demonstrated a significant level of total phenolics (TP: 125.16 mg GAE/g dried residue) and flavonoids (TFI: 25.40 QE/g dried residue TFII: 140 CE/g dried residue). Molecular docking revealed that tricaffeoyl-altraric acid and dicaffeoyl-altraric acid exhibited the best fit within the active sites of NADPH oxidase (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MP). From ADME/TOPAKT analyses, it can be concluded that tricaffeoyl-altraric acid and dicaffeoyl-altraric acid also revealed reasonable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics with a significant safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Bouzabata
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Zaafrania Street BP 205, Annaba 23000, Algeria
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.L.A.); (C.I.G.T.)
| | - Paola Montoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (P.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Angelika Gil
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy;
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (P.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Fadia S. Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Nawal M. Al Musayeib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Geoffrey A. Cordell
- Natural Products Inc., Evanston, IL 60202, USA;
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mohamed L. Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.L.A.); (C.I.G.T.)
| | - Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.L.A.); (C.I.G.T.)
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8
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Prichko T, Droficheva N. The influence of varietal characteristics on the quality indicators of candied fruits from plum fruits. POTRAVINARSTVO 2021. [DOI: 10.5219/1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of varietal characteristics of plum fruits on the physicochemical parameters of the drying process has been investigated. Revealed significant differences in the content of biologically active compounds on the example of varieties: Stanley, Big Stanley, Grossa di Felisio, President, Blue moon, August Delish, Kabardinskaya early. The consumption rates of raw materials for the production of candied fruits have been determined. The results of laboratory studies on the variation of the content of vitamins (C, P), anthocyanins in plum fruits, taking into account varietal characteristics, are presented. The drying process on a dryer with infrared rays led to a slight decrease in polyphenolic and mineral substances, and higher losses of vitamins in the finished candied fruit. The mathematical processing of the experimental data was carried out by the method of analysis of variance and descriptive statistics using the Microsoft Excel software package. In the production of candied plum fruits, optimal technological modes have been selected that contribute to a high yield of high-quality finished products, taking into account the varietal characteristics of the feedstock. According to biochemical and organoleptic indicators of the quality of candied fruits, Stanley and President varieties were distinguished, the energy value of which is 147.0 kcal with an organoleptic assessment of 4.9 points. The results of experimental biochemical and technological analyzes of fruits at individual technological stages of production made it possible to assess the intensity of complex processes that cause a qualitative transformation of raw materials.
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Serreli G, Naitza MR, Zodio S, Leoni VP, Spada M, Melis MP, Boronat A, Deiana M. Ferulic Acid Metabolites Attenuate LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Enterocyte-like Cells. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093152. [PMID: 34579029 PMCID: PMC8471535 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a polyphenol pertaining to the class of hydroxycinnamic acids present in numerous foods of a plant origin. Its dietary consumption leads to the formation of several phase I and II metabolites in vivo, which represent the largest amount of ferulates in the circulation and in the intestine in comparison with FA itself. In this work, we evaluated their efficacy against the proinflammatory effects induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers, as well as the mechanisms underlying their protective action. LPS-induced overexpression of proinflammatory enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the consequent hyperproduction of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were limited by physiological relevant concentrations (1 µM) of FA, its derivatives isoferulic acid (IFA) and dihydroferulic acid (DHFA), and their glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites, which acted upstream by limiting the activation of MAPK p38 and ERK and of Akt kinase, thus decreasing the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB) translocation into the nucleus. Furthermore, the compounds were found to promote the expression of Nrf2, which may have contributed to the downregulation of NF-ĸB activity. The overall data show that phase I/II metabolites retain the efficacy of their dietary free form in contrasting inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Micaela Rita Naitza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Sonia Zodio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Vera Piera Leoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Martina Spada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Maria Paola Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Anna Boronat
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-675-4126
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10
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Serreli G, Melis MP, Zodio S, Naitza MR, Casula E, Peñalver P, Lucas R, Loi R, Morales JC, Deiana M. Altered paracellular permeability in intestinal cell monolayer challenged with lipopolysaccharide: Modulatory effects of pterostilbene metabolites. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111729. [PMID: 32898597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial barrier alteration is a central event in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Lipopolysaccharide, correlated to the pathogenesis of such pathologies, has been demonstrated to cause altered membrane permeability, through the disruption and/or relocation of tight junction proteins, following redox-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) modulation. Pterostilbene and its metabolite pinostilbene are natural stilbenoids which may reach relevant concentrations at intestinal level, together with their glucuronide and sulfate metabolites. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ability of these compounds to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced toxic effects on intestinal cell monolayer integrity and to explore the mechanism of action. Caco-2 cells, differentiated as enterocytes, were treated with lipopolysaccharide following pretreatment with the phenolic compounds at 1 μM physiological concentration. Caco-2 monolayer's permeability was monitored with time, measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance. Tight junction proteins were assessed by western blotting and immunofluorescence in lipopolysaccharide-treated cells, in relation to MAPK p38 and ERK1/2 activation. Pretreatment with all the phenolic compounds significantly slowed lipopolysaccharide-induced transepithelial electrical resistance decrease, preserved tight junction proteins levels and reduced MAPKs phosphorylation. The reported findings indicate that pterostilbene and its metabolites may counteract lipopolysaccharide-induced alteration of epithelial permeability, one of the initial events in the intestinal inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sonia Zodio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Rita Naitza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Casula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lucas
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Roberto Loi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Juan Carlos Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento 17, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
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Denaro M, Smeriglio A, Xiao J, Cornara L, Burlando B, Trombetta D. New insights into
Citrus
genus: From ancient fruits to new hybrids. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Denaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa Macau
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment, and Life Sciences (DISTAV) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
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12
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Barberis A, Deiana M, Spissu Y, Azara E, Fadda A, Serra PA, D’hallewin G, Pisano M, Serreli G, Orrù G, Scano A, Steri D, Sanjust E. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Other Biological Properties of Pompia Juice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143186. [PMID: 32668641 PMCID: PMC7397052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pompia is a Citrus species belonging to Sardinian endemic biodiversity. Health benefits were attributed to its flavedo rind extracts and essential oils while the juice qualities have never been investigated. In this paper, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and other biological properties of Pompia juice were studied. A combined LCMS/electrochemical/biological approach was used to clarify a still debated phylogeny of this species and to explain the role of its juice phenolic compounds. A closer phylogenetic relationship with lemon and citron, rather than oranges was suggested. Sensors-based electrochemical measures, together with LCMS qualitative and quantitative analyses, revealed a high contribution of ascorbic acid and phenolics with low redox potential, isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, diosmin, and diosmetin 6,8-diglucoside, to antioxidant capacity. The biological assays demonstrated a marked effect of low concentration of Pompia juice against reactive oxygen species (ROS) starting from 50 µg mL−1, and a moderate capacity to reduce ROS damages on cell membrane. Treatments with Pompia juice also resulted in a significant reduction (20%) of the metabolic activity of SW48 colon cancer cells. Lastly, MIC, MBC, and MBIC antimicrobial assays demonstrated that Pompia and lemon juices have inhibitory and antibiofilm effects against the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barberis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (E.S.); Tel.: +39-079-2841710 (A.B.)
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Ylenia Spissu
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Emanuela Azara
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Angela Fadda
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Pier Andrea Serra
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Guy D’hallewin
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
| | - Marina Pisano
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Germano Orrù
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (Y.S.); (A.F.); (P.A.S.); (G.D.); (G.O.)
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Molecular Biology Service, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Scano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Molecular Biology Service, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy;
| | | | - Enrico Sanjust
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.D.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (E.S.); Tel.: +39-079-2841710 (A.B.)
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Flamini G, Pistelli L, Nardoni S, Ebani VV, Zinnai A, Mancianti F, Ascrizzi R, Pistelli L. Essential Oil Composition and Biological Activity of "Pompia", a Sardinian Citrus Ecotype. Molecules 2019; 24:E908. [PMID: 30841559 PMCID: PMC6429368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pompia is a Sardinian citrus ecotype whose botanical classification is still being debated. In the present study, the composition of Pompia peel essential oil (EO) is reported for the first time, along with that of the leaf EO, as a phytochemical contribution to the classification of this ecotype. The peel EO was tested for its antioxidant ability (with both the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picarylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays). Moreover, its antimicrobial activities were tested for the first time on dermatophytes (Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes), on potentially toxigenic fungi (Fusarium solani, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger) as well on bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus pseudointermedius). The dominant abundance of limonene in the peel EO seems to distinguish Pompia from the Citrus spp. to which it had previously been associated. It lacks γ-terpinene, relevant in Citrus medica EO. Its relative content of α- and β-pinene is lower than 0.5%, in contrast to Citrus limon peel EO. Pompia peel and leaf EOs did not show significant amounts of linalool and linalyl acetate, which are typically found in Citrus aurantium. Pompia peel EO antioxidant activity was weak, possibly because of its lack of γ-terpinene. Moreover, it did not exert any antimicrobial effects either towards the tested bacteria strains, or to dermatophytes and environmental fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" (NUTRAFOOD), Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Laura Pistelli
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" (NUTRAFOOD), Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-alimentari, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Simona Nardoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Valentina Virginia Ebani
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" (NUTRAFOOD), Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Angela Zinnai
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" (NUTRAFOOD), Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-alimentari, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mancianti
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" (NUTRAFOOD), Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Roberta Ascrizzi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Luisa Pistelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" (NUTRAFOOD), Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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