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Vasanthkumar R, Baskar V, Vinoth S, Roshna K, Mary TN, Alagupandi R, Saravanan K, Radhakrishnan R, Arun M, Gurusaravanan P. Biogenic carbon quantum dots from marine endophytic fungi (Aspergillus flavus) to enhance the curcumin production and growth in Curcuma longa L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108644. [PMID: 38710114 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the effect of carbon quantum dots (FM-CQDs) synthesized from marine fungal extract on Curcuma longa to improve the plant growth and curcumin production. The isolated fungus, Aspergillus flavus has produced a high amount of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.025 mg g-1), when treated with tryptophan. CQDs were synthesized from the A. flavus extract and it was characterized using ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The synthesized CQDs were excited at 365 nm in an UV-Vis and the HR-TEM analysis showed approximately 7.4 nm in size with a spherical shape. Both fungal crude extract (FCE) at 0-100 mg L-1 and FM-CQDs 0-5 mg L-1 concentrations were tested on C. longa. About 80 mg L-1 concentration FCE treated plants has shown a maximum height of 21 cm and FM-CQDs at 4 mg L-1 exhibited a maximum height of 25 cm compared to control. The FM-CQDs significantly increased the photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll (1.08 mg g-1 FW) and carotenoids (17.32 mg g-1 FW) in C. longa. Further, antioxidant enzyme analysis confirmed that the optimum concentrations of both extracts did not have any toxic effects on the plants. FM-CQDs treated plants increased the curcumin content up to 0.060 mg g-1 by HPLC analysis. Semi quantitative analysis revealed that FCE and FM-CQDs significantly upregulated ClCURS1 gene expression in curcumin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Vasanthkumar
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkidasamy Baskar
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Sathasivam Vinoth
- Department of Biotechnology, Sona College of Arts and Science, Salem, 636 005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kattilaparambil Roshna
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas Nancy Mary
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raman Alagupandi
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnagowdu Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Muthukrishnan Arun
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Packiaraj Gurusaravanan
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Geris R, Teles de Jesus VE, Ferreira da Silva A, Malta M. Exploring Culture Media Diversity to Produce Fungal Secondary Metabolites and Cyborg Cells. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302066. [PMID: 38335028 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Fungi are microorganisms of significant biotechnological importance due to their ability to provide food and produce several value-added secondary metabolites and enzymes. Its products move billions of dollars in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and additives sectors. These microorganisms also play a notable role in bionanotechnology, leading to the production of hybrid biological-inorganic materials (such as cyborg cells) and the use of their enzyme complex in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. In this sense, optimizing the fungal growth process is necessary, with selecting the cultivation medium as one of the essential factors for the microorganism to reach its maximum metabolic expression. The culture medium's composition can also impact the nanomaterial's stability and prevent the incorporation of nanoparticles into fungal cells. Therefore, our main objectives are the following: (1) compile and discuss the most commonly employed culture media for the production of fungal secondary metabolites and the formation of cyborg cells, accompanied by preparation methods; (2) provide a six-step guide to investigating the fungal metabolomic profile and (3) discuss the main procedures of microbial cultivation to produce fungal cyborg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Geris
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Química de Microrganismos (LBQM), Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/n, 40170-115, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Vitória Evelyn Teles de Jesus
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Química de Microrganismos (LBQM), Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/n, 40170-115, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Antonio Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Química de Microrganismos (LBQM), Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/n, 40170-115, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Marcos Malta
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Química de Microrganismos (LBQM), Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/n, 40170-115, Salvador, Brasil
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Cheng CY, Wang YS, Wang ZL, Bibi S. Innovative Approaches to Fungal Food Production: Mycelial Pellet Morphology Insights. Foods 2023; 12:3477. [PMID: 37761188 PMCID: PMC10530132 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycelia products enhance edible mushrooms in alignment with future sustainability trends. To meet forthcoming market demands, the morphology of mycelial pellets was optimized for direct consumption. Among ten commercial edible mushrooms in Taiwan, Pleurotus sp. was selected for its rapid growth and was identified via an internal transcribed spacer sequence. A combination of Plackett-Burman design and Taguchi's L9(34) orthogonal table revealed the optimal formula as potato dextrose broth (2.4%), olive oil (2%), calcium carbonate (0.5%), yeast extract (0.75%), and soy flour (0.5%). This led to a biomass increase to 19.9 ± 1.1 g/L, resulting in a 2.17-fold yield increase. To refine morphology, image processing by ImageJ quantified spherical characteristics. The addition of 0.2 to 1.0% Tween 80 enhanced pellet compaction by over 50%. Dilution of the medium improved uniformity (0.85) and conversion rate (42%), yielding mycelial pellets with 2.10 ± 0.52 mm diameters and a yield of 15.1 ± 0.6 g/L. These findings provide an alternative evaluation and application of edible mycelial pellets as future food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Yu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Zhong-Liang Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Sidra Bibi
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
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Rousta N, Aslan M, Yesilcimen Akbas M, Ozcan F, Sar T, Taherzadeh MJ. Effects of fungal based bioactive compounds on human health: Review paper. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 36794421 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2178379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the first years of history, microbial fermentation products such as bread, wine, yogurt and vinegar have always been noteworthy regarding their nutritional and health effects. Similarly, mushrooms have been a valuable food product in point of both nutrition and medicine due to their rich chemical components. Alternatively, filamentous fungi, which can be easier to produce, play an active role in the synthesis of some bioactive compounds, which are also important for health, as well as being rich in protein content. Therefore, this review presents some important bioactive compounds (bioactive peptides, chitin/chitosan, β-glucan, gamma-aminobutyric acid, L-carnitine, ergosterol and fructooligosaccharides) synthesized by fungal strains and their health benefits. In addition, potential probiotic- and prebiotic fungi were researched to determine their effects on gut microbiota. The current uses of fungal based bioactive compounds for cancer treatment were also discussed. The use of fungal strains in the food industry, especially to develop innovative food production, has been seen as promising microorganisms in obtaining healthy and nutritious food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rousta
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | - Melissa Aslan
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Ozcan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
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