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Zhao L, Li J, Yin K, Ding Y, Sun L. Emulsion gels prepared from Longzhua mushroom polysaccharides with self-gelling properties as β-carotene carriers: Stability and in vitro digestibility of β-carotene. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134110. [PMID: 39047994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
β-Carotene is widely used in food systems because of its biological activity; however, β-carotene has poor chemical stability and low bioavailability. Thus, researchers use encapsulated delivery systems to overcome these disadvantages. In this study, we prepared emulsion gels to encapsulate β-carotene, using Longzhua mushroom polysaccharide (LMP), which can autonomously form weak gels. The LMP emulsion gel (LEG) exhibited a high water-holding capacity of up to 95.06 %. All samples showed adequate storage stability for 28 days. Increasing the polysaccharide content in the emulsion gel enhanced the encapsulation efficiency of β-carotene (96.76 %-98.27 %), the release of free fatty acids (68.21 %-81.44 %), and the photostability (80.65 %-91.27 %), thermal stability (73.84 %-97.08 %), and bioaccessibility (18.28 %-30.26 %) of β-carotene. In conclusion, LEG is a promising fat-soluble material that can be used for food-grade encapsulated delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxin Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jiapeng Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kaiwen Yin
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yangyue Ding
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Liping Sun
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Wu Z, Li H, Li S, Chen G, Tang X, Liu S, Wang Y. Molecular mechanism underlying coencapsulating chrysophanol and hesperidin in octenylsuccinated β-glucan aggregates for improving their corelease and bioaccessibility. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133902. [PMID: 39029835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Chrysophanol and hesperidin are natural nutraceuticals that exhibit synergistic bioactivities, but their hydrophobicity limits their applications, and it is unclear whether coencapsulation can improve their solubility and release behaviors. The objective of this work was to coencapsulate chrysophanol and hesperidin by octenylsuccinated β-glucan aggregates (OSβG-Agg) and to reveal how coencapsulation improves their release and bioaccessibility. Mechanisms underlying the hypothesis of beneficial effects in coloading, corelease and bioaccessibility were revealed. The solubilization of OSβG-Agg was due to hydrogen-bonding among β-glucan moieties of OSβG and hydroxyl groups of chrysophanol and hesperidin and hydrophobic interactions among octenyl chains of OSβG and hydrophobic moieties of chrysophanol and hesperidin. Structural analyses confirmed the hypothesis that chrysophanol molecules were nearly embedded deeper into the interior of hydrophobic domains, and most of hesperidin molecules were incorporated into the exterior of the hydrophobic domains of OSβG-Agg due to the strength of these interactions, but they interacted in OSβG-Agg with a dense and compact structure rather than existing in isolation. The combined effects delayed their release and enhanced their bioaccessibility because of dynamic equilibrium between the favorable interactions and unfavorable structural erosion and relaxation of OSβG-Agg. Overall, OSβG-Agg is effective at codelivering hydrophobic phenolics for functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Innovative Chinese Medicine and Health Intervention, Chongqing 400065, PR China.
| | - Hong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Market Supervision (Condiment Supervision Technology), Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Sheng Li
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Innovative Chinese Medicine and Health Intervention, Chongqing 400065, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Innovative Chinese Medicine and Health Intervention, Chongqing 400065, PR China
| | - Xin Tang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Innovative Chinese Medicine and Health Intervention, Chongqing 400065, PR China
| | - Simei Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, PR China
| | - Yongde Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Innovative Chinese Medicine and Health Intervention, Chongqing 400065, PR China.
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3
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Fu T, Cao H, Zhang Y, Guan X. Effect of milling on in vitro Digestion-Induced release and bioaccessibility of active compounds in rice. Food Chem 2024; 437:137936. [PMID: 37944392 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of milling on the active components in rice, this study examined the stability of phenols, vitamin B1 (VB1), and alpha-aminobutyric acid (α-GABA) during cooking and digestion of rice and their distribution in digestive juices and residue by adjusting the degree of milling (DOM). The findings revealed that milling exacerbated the instability of γ-GABA during cooking and VB1 during digestion. Their total losses peaked at 19.76% and 39.53% as DOM respectively reached 6.07% and 8.06%. In vitro digestion combined with release mathematical models demonstrated the impact of milling on their bioaccessibility. This effect increased the small intestinal bioaccessibility of phenols and γ-GABA, whilst reducing that of VB1. This was attributed to milling-induced pre-gastric full release of VB1, which amplifies its intestinal susceptibility and induces its re-entry into digestive residues. In conclusion, this study recommends keeping DOM below 6.07% to optimize the bioaccessibility of these active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Fu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hongwei Cao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, China.
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Wang H, Cheng Y, Zhu J, Yang Y, Qiao S, Li H, Ma L, Zhang Y. Gelatin/polychromatic materials microgels enhanced by carnosic acid inclusions and its application in 2D pattern printing and multi-nozzle food 3D printing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129749. [PMID: 38281522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Natural polychromatic biomaterials (like carminic acid and gardenia yellow) possess coloring merits and functionality, but are instable under light and heat. Self-assembly of gelatin and polychromatic materials could be induced by carnosic acid inclusions, illustrating great potential in food application. Antioxidant properties, pigment retention rates, UV irradiation stability, rheological properties, and physical resistances (oil, ethanol, heat and microwave) of samples were improved by carnosic acid inclusions, owing to the newly formed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions (UV spectrum, particle size, zeta potential, FTIR, XPS and SEM). The improved properties contributed to the 2D printed pattern stability and the applicability for producing specialized products with high printability and fastness. On the basis of Subtractive Color-Mixing Principle, further three-dimensional dyeing microgel systems were built and modulated; it could functionalize bean paste/carboxymethyl-cellulose food systems, maintain the excellent self-supporting ability & mechanical strength, and promote single/dual-nozzle 3D printing application. Therefore, the self-assembled gelatin/polychromatic materials/carnosic acid microgel samples could not only achieve outstanding 2D printed pattern stability, and could be also promisingly applied in single/dual-nozzle 3D printing for modern innovative, creative food fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, PR China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Modern"Chuan cai Yu wei" Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, PR China
| | - Yang Cheng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, PR China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Modern"Chuan cai Yu wei" Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, PR China
| | - Juncheng Zhu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shihao Qiao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Huanduan Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Liang Ma
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, PR China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Modern"Chuan cai Yu wei" Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, PR China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, PR China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Modern"Chuan cai Yu wei" Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, PR China.
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Liu Z, Wang H, Bu Y, Wu T, Chen X, Yan H, Lin Q. Fabrication of self-assembled micelles based on amphiphilic oxidized sodium alginate grafted oleoamine derivatives via Schiff base reduction amination reaction for delivery of hydrophobic food active ingredients. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128653. [PMID: 38072345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The application of hydrophobic β-carotene in the food industry are limited due to its susceptibility to light, high temperature, pH value, and other factors, leading to poor stability and low bioavailability. To address this problem, we adopt a more green and environmentally friendly reducing agent, 2-methylpyridine borane complex (pic-BH3), instead of traditional sodium borohydride, to achieve the simple green and efficient synthesis of amphiphilic oxidized sodium alginate grafted oleoamine derivatives (OSAOLA) through the reduction amination reaction of Schiff base. The resultant OSAOLA with the degree of substitution (DS) of 7.2 %, 23.6 %, and 38.8 % were synthesized, and their CMC values ranged from 0.0095 to 0.062 mg/mL, indicating excellent self-assembly capability in aqueous solution. Meanwhile, OSAOLA showed no obvious cytotoxicity to RAW 264.7 cells, thus revealing good biocompatibility. Furthermore, β-carotene, as the hydrophobic active ingredients in foods was successfully encapsulated in the OSAOLA micelles by ultrasonic-dialysis method. The prepared drug-loaded OSAOLA micelles could maintain good stability when stored at room temperature for 7 d. Additionally, they were able to continuously release β-carotene and exert long-term effects in pH 7.4 PBS at 37 °C, effectively improving the bioavailability of β-carotene, which exhibited tremendous application potential in functional food and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Functional Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China
| | - Hongcai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Functional Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China
| | - Yanan Bu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Functional Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Functional Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China
| | - Xiuqiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Functional Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China
| | - Huiqiong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Functional Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China.
| | - Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Functional Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, PR China
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Hatami T, Jarles Santos de Araújo E, Luiz Baião Dias A, Helena Innocentini Mei L, Martínez J. Mechanism of multicyclic β-carotene impregnation into corn starch aerogels via supercritical CO 2 with mathematical modeling. Food Res Int 2024; 178:114002. [PMID: 38309888 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
β-carotene, a natural dye renowned for its antioxidant and provitamin A activities, is hindered from direct use in food and drug products due to its susceptibility to oxidation, easy isomerization under light, heat, or acidic conditions, as well as its low water solubility and oral bioavailability. In this study, we addressed these challenges by loading β-carotene into corn starch aerogels via supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) and assessed its loading contributions through adsorption during contact time and precipitation during depressurization. The loading process was studied under two cycles at pressure of 30 MPa, temperature of 40 °C, depressurization rate of 0.4 MPa/min, and co-solvent (ethanol) mass percentage of 1.2 %. Experiments found adsorption minimally contributed to impregnation, while precipitation became the primary loading mechanism. The subsequent work focused on a mathematical model describing β-carotene loading into corn starch aerogels via precipitation, using the law of conservation of mass and classical nucleation theory. The model shows that using pure CO2 results in a loading efficiency of 0.10 mg β-carotene/g aerogel, while with CO2 and 1.2 % ethanol as the co-solvent, the loading efficiency increases threefold to 0.30 mg β-carotene/g aerogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmasb Hatami
- Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Bioprocessos, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein 500, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
| | - Erick Jarles Santos de Araújo
- Laboratório de Alta Pressão em Engenharia de Alimentos (LAPEA), Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862 Campinas, Brasil
| | - Arthur Luiz Baião Dias
- Laboratório de Alta Pressão em Engenharia de Alimentos (LAPEA), Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862 Campinas, Brasil
| | - Lucia Helena Innocentini Mei
- Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Bioprocessos, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein 500, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Julian Martínez
- Laboratório de Alta Pressão em Engenharia de Alimentos (LAPEA), Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862 Campinas, Brasil
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