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Kumar A, Saha M, Saraswat J, Behera K, Trivedi S. Interaction between antidepressant drug trazodone with double-stranded DNA: Multi-spectroscopic and computational analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134113. [PMID: 39048004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Trazodone (TZD) is an antidepressant drug used to treat major depressive and sleeping disorders. Elevated doses of trazodone are associated with central nervous system depression, which manifests as nausea, drowsiness, confusion, vertigo, exhaustion, etc. To develop a clinically viable active pharmaceutical compound with minimal adverse effects, it is imperative to possess a comprehensive knowledge of the drug's action mechanism on DNA. Hence, we investigate the mode of interaction between trazodone and DNA utilizing various spectroscopic and computational techniques. Studies using UV-vis titration showed that the DNA and trazodone have an effective interaction. The magnitude of the Stern-Volmer constant (KSV) has been calculated to be 5.84 × 106 M-1 by the Lehrer equation from a steady-state fluorescence study. UV-vis absorption, DNA melting, dye displacement, and circular dichroism studies suggested that trazodone binds with DNA in minor grooves. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation demonstrated that the TZD-DNA system was stable, and the mode of binding was minor groove. Furthermore, ionic strength investigation demonstrates that DNA and trazodone do not have a substantial electrostatic binding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambrish Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Moumita Saha
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Juhi Saraswat
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Kamalakanta Behera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India.
| | - Shruti Trivedi
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Mannocchi G, Tittarelli R, Pantano F, Vernich F, Pallocci M, Passalacqua P, Treglia M, Marsella LT. Forensic Aspects of a Fatal Intoxication Involving Acetaminophen, Citalopram and Trazodone: A Case Report. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080486. [PMID: 36006165 PMCID: PMC9415759 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a young man, a former heroin addict, found dead at home by the Police Forces in an advanced state of decomposition. Numerous blisters and unpacked tablets of medications were found all over the bed and on the floor of the room. Multiple injuries to the face, left arm and neck of the deceased were noted. The latter damages were attributed to post-mortem dog bites, since no indications of a possible defense against the animal were observed. The autopsy findings were unremarkable. Toxicological investigations performed on peripheral blood and urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique showed the presence of acetaminophen, citalopram and trazodone. Combined drug intoxication was proposed as the cause of death since acetaminophen and trazodone concentrations were comparable with the ones found in fatal cases. Moreover, citalopram concentration in peripheral blood was above the toxic range and in accordance with levels found in fatalities due to poly-drug intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Mannocchi
- School of Law, University of Camerino, Piazza Cavour 19/f, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Roberta Tittarelli
- Section of Legal Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pantano
- Independent Researcher, Via della Divisione Torino 69, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vernich
- Section of Legal Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Pallocci
- Section of Legal Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Passalacqua
- Section of Legal Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Treglia
- Section of Legal Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Tonino Marsella
- Section of Legal Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Ketola RA, Kriikku P. Drug concentrations in post‐mortem specimens. Drug Test Anal 2019; 11:1338-1357. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raimo A. Ketola
- Forensic Toxicology UnitNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) Mannerheimintie 166 FI‐00270 Helsinki Finland
| | - Pirkko Kriikku
- Forensic Toxicology UnitNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) Mannerheimintie 166 FI‐00270 Helsinki Finland
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Fujimori K, Sakata Y, Moriuchi‐Kawakami T, Shibutani Y. Enhanced chemiluminescence for trazodone trace analysis based on acidic permanganate oxidation in concurrent presence of rhodamine 6G. LUMINESCENCE 2017; 32:1240-1245. [PMID: 28422449 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Fujimori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Japan
| | - Yuta Sakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Japan
| | - Takayo Moriuchi‐Kawakami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Shibutani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Japan
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McIntyre IM, Valdez JE, Lucas JR. An acute fatality and post-mortem concentration distribution reveals a low potential for naproxen redistribution. CANADIAN SOCIETY OF FORENSIC SCIENCE JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00085030.2016.1215040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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