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Lee YS, Lee SJ, Jang WJ, Lee EW. Protective Effects of the Postbiotic Levilactobacillus brevis BK3 against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Damage in Skin Cells. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1401-1409. [PMID: 38881180 PMCID: PMC11294649 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2403.03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Postbiotics have various functional effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity. Levilactobacillus brevis BK3, the subject of this study, was derived from lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. The antioxidant activity of BK3 was confirmed through the measurements of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The wrinkle improvement effect was validated by assessing elastase inhibitory activity and collagenase inhibitory activity. The intracellular activity was confirmed using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human fibroblasts (HFF-1). BK3 protects skin cells from oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and reduces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, the expressions of the antioxidant genes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were upregulated. Meanwhile, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), involved in collagen degradation and synthesis, were significantly regulated. These results suggest the possibility of utilizing BK3 as a functional ingredient with antioxidant and wrinkle-improving effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sun Lee
- Department of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Lee
- Department of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Je Jang
- Department of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Microbiology, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Department of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Microbiology, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
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Gong Z, Yang S, Ling S, Wang H, Xu X, Lin Z. Dermatopathological features and successful treatment with topical antioxidant for ichthyosiform lesions in Mitchell syndrome caused by an ACOX1 variant. J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38923010 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), is a peroxisomal enzyme that catalyzes β-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). The gain-of-function variant p.Asn237Ser in ACOX1 has been shown to cause Mitchell syndrome (MITCH), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by episodic demyelination, hearing loss, and polyneuropathy, through the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide. Only eight cases of MITCH have been reported. While all these patients experienced cutaneous abnormalities, detailed skin features and potential treatment have not been documented. Herein, we report two MITCH patients who harbored a de novo heterozygous variant p.Asn237Ser in ACOX1 and experienced progressive ichthyosiform erythroderma. Skin histopathology revealed hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis with focal hypogranulosis as well as dyskeratotic keratinocytes. Lipid accumulation in the epidermis was observed using Oil Red O staining. Both patients exhibited a remarkable response to treatment with the topical antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), with Patient 1 achieving complete recovery after 3 months of consistent treatment. This study provides the first comprehensive description of the clinicopathological characteristics and effective treatment of skin lesions in MITCH patients. The successful treatment with topical NAC suggests excessive reactive oxygen species might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of skin lesions in MITCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqing Gong
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Sai Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Ling
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiukuan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Zhimiao Lin
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Rachitha P, Krupashree K, Kandikattu HK, Nagaraj G, Alahmadi TA, Alharbi SA, Shanmuganathan R, Brindhadevi K, Raghavendra VB. Nanofabrication of cobalt-tellurium using Allium sativum extract and its protective efficacy against H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in HaCaT cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 226:115659. [PMID: 36906266 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Allium sativum (A. sativum)is well known for its therapeutic and culinary uses. Because of their high medicinal properties, the clove extract was selected to synthesize cobalt-tellurium nanoparticles. The aim of the study was to evaluate the protective activity of the nanofabricated cobalt-tellurium using A. sativum (Co-Tel-As-NPs) against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in HaCaT cells. Synthesized Co-Tel-As-NPs were analyzed using UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, EDAX, XRD, DLS, and SEM. Various concentrations of Co-Tel-As-NPs were used as a pretreatment on HaCaT cells before H2O2 was added. Then, the cell viability and mitochondrial damage were compared between pretreated and untreated control cells using an array of assays (MTT, LDH, DAPI, MMP, and TEM), and the intracellular ROS, NO, and antioxidant enzyme production were examined. In the present research, Co-Tel-As-NPs at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0μg/mL) were tested for toxicity using HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the effect of H2O2 on the viability of HaCaT cells was evaluated using the MTT assay for Co-Tel-As-NPs. Among those, Co-Tel-As-NPs at 4.0 μg/mL showed notable protection; with the same treatment, cell viability was discovered to be 91% and LDH leakage was also significantly decreased. Additionally, the measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly decreased by Co-Tel-As-NPs pretreatment against H2O2. The recovery of the condensed and fragmented nuclei brought about by the action of Co-Tel-As-NPs was identified using DAPI staining. TEM examination of the HaCaT cells revealed that the Co-Tel-As-NPs had a therapeutic effect against H2O2 keratinocyte damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puttasiddaiah Rachitha
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Teresian College, Siddarthanagar, Mysore, 570011, India
| | - K Krupashree
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570020, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Geetha Nagaraj
- DOS in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajasree Shanmuganathan
- University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140103, India
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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NEK6 Regulates Redox Balance and DNA Damage Response in DU-145 Prostate Cancer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020256. [PMID: 36672191 PMCID: PMC9856815 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
NEK6 is a central kinase in developing castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the pathways regulated by NEK6 in CRPC are still unclear. Cancer cells have high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and easily adapt to this circumstance and avoid cell death by increasing antioxidant defenses. We knocked out the NEK6 gene and evaluated the redox state and DNA damage response in DU-145 cells. The knockout of NEK6 decreases the clonogenic capacity, proliferation, cell viability, and mitochondrial activity. Targeting the NEK6 gene increases the level of intracellular ROS; decreases the expression of antioxidant defenses (SOD1, SOD2, and PRDX3); increases JNK phosphorylation, a stress-responsive kinase; and increases DNA damage markers (p-ATM and γH2AX). The exogenous overexpression of NEK6 also increases the expression of these same antioxidant defenses and decreases γH2AX. The depletion of NEK6 also induces cell death by apoptosis and reduces the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. NEK6-lacking cells have more sensitivity to cisplatin. Additionally, NEK6 regulates the nuclear localization of NF-κB2, suggesting NEK6 may regulate NF-κB2 activity. Therefore, NEK6 alters the redox balance, regulates the expression of antioxidant proteins and DNA damage, and its absence induces the death of DU-145 cells. NEK6 inhibition may be a new strategy for CRPC therapy.
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Sage J, Renault J, Domain R, Bojarski K, Chazeirat T, Saidi A, Leblanc E, Nizard C, Samsonov S, Kurfurst R, Lalmanach G, Lecaille F. Modulation of the expression and activity of cathepsin S in reconstructed human skin by neohesperidin dihydrochalcone. Matrix Biol 2022; 107:97-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Cheng YC, Kuo CL, Hsu SY, Way TDER, Cheng CL, Chen JC, Liu KC, Peng SF, Ho WJ, Chueh FS, Huang WW. Tetrandrine Enhances H 2O 2-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death Through Caspase-dependent Pathway in Human Keratinocytes. In Vivo 2021; 35:2047-2057. [PMID: 34182480 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetrandrine, a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, induces apoptosis of many types of human cancer cell. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a reactive oxygen species inducer; however, there are no reports to show whether pre-treatment of tetrandrine with H2O2 induces more cell apoptosis than H2O2 alone. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of tetrandrine on H2O2-induced cell apoptosis of human keratinocytes, HaCaT, in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS HaCaT cells were pre-treated with and without tetrandrine for 1 h, and then treated with H2O2 for examining cell morphological changes and cell viability using contrast-phase microscopy and propidium iodide (PI) exclusion assay, respectively. Cells were measured apoptotic cell death by using annexin V/PI double staining and further analyzed by flow cytometer. Cells were further assessed for DNA condensation using 2-(4-amidinophenyl)-6-indolecarbamidine staining. Western blotting was used to measure expression of apoptosis-associated proteins and confocal laser microscopy was used to measure the protein expression and nuclear translocation from the cytoplasm to nuclei. RESULTS Pre-treatment of tetrandrine for 1 h and treatment with H2O2 enhanced H2O2-induced cell morphological changes and reduced cell viability, whilst increasing apoptotic cell death and DNA condensation. Furthermore, tetrandrine significantly increased expression of reactive oxygen species-associated proteins such as superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn) and superoxide dismutase (Mn) but significantly reduced the level of catalase, which was also confirmed by confocal laser microscopy. It also increased expression of DNA repair-associated proteins ataxia telangiectasia mutated, ataxia-telangectasia and Rad3-related, phospho-P53, P53 and phosphorylated histone H2AX, and of pro-apoptotic proteins BCL2 apoptosis regulator-associated X-protein, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and poly ADP ribose polymerase in HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION These are the first and novel findings showing tetrandrine enhances H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death of HaCaT cells and may provide a potent approach for the treatment of proliferated malignant keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Cheng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sheng-Yao Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tzong-DER Way
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Ling Cheng
- Progam of Digital Health Innovation, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jaw-Chyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuo-Ching Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wai-Jane Ho
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
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Ultraviolet B irradiation-induced keratinocyte senescence and impaired development of 3D epidermal reconstruct. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:293-303. [PMID: 33151171 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) induces morphological and functional changes of the skin. This study investigated the effect of UVB on keratinocyte senescence and the development of reconstructed human epidermis (RHE). Primary normal human keratinocytes (NHK) from juvenile foreskin were irradiated with UVB (30 mJ cm-2) and these effects were compared to NHK that underwent senescence in the late passage. UVB enhanced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and halted cell replication as detected by BrdU cell proliferation assay. The senescence phenotype was evaluated by beta-galactosidase (β-gal) staining and qPCR of genes related to senescent regulation, i.e. p16INK4a, cyclin D2, and IFI27. Senescence induced by high dose UVB resulted in morphological changes, enhanced β-gal activity, elevated cellular ROS levels and reduced DNA synthesis. qPCR revealed differential expression of the genes regulated senescence. p16INK4a expression was significantly increased in NHK exposed to UVB whereas enhanced IFI27 expression was observed only in cultural senescence. The levels of cyclin D2 expression were not significantly altered either by UVB or long culturing conditions. UVB significantly induced the aging phenotype in keratinocytes and impaired epidermal development. RHE generated from UVB-irradiated keratinocytes showed a thinner cross-sectional structure and the majority of keratinocytes in the lower epidermis were degenerated. The 3D epidermis model is useful in studying the skin aging process.
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Antioxidant Activities and Protective Effects of Dendropachol, a New Bisbibenzyl Compound from Dendrobium pachyglossum, on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020252. [PMID: 33562174 PMCID: PMC7915690 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Five compounds including a new bisbibenzyl named dendropachol (1) and four known compounds (2–5) comprising 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (2), gigantol (3), moscatilin (4) and 4,5,4′-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxybibenzyl (5) were isolated from a methanolic extract of Dendrobium pachyglossum (Orchidaceae). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Dendropachol (1) was investigated for its protective effects on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes. Compound 1 showed strong free radical scavenging compared to the positive control. For the cytoprotective effect, compound 1 increased the activities of GPx and CAT and the level of GSH but reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and accumulation. In addition, compound 1 significantly diminished the expression of p53, Bax, and cytochrome C proteins, decreased the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and increased Bcl-2 protein. The results suggested that compound 1 exhibited antioxidant activities and protective effects in keratinocytes against oxidative stress induced by H2O2.
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Brahmbhatt HD, Gupta R, Gupta A, Rastogi S, Misri R, Mobeen A, Ghosh A, Kothari P, Sitaniya S, Scaria V, Singh A. The long noncoding RNA MALAT1 suppresses miR-211 to confer protection from ultraviolet-mediated DNA damage in vitiligo epidermis by upregulating sirtuin 1. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:1132-1142. [PMID: 33152110 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The absence of melanocytes poses a challenge for long-term tissue homeostasis in vitiligo. Surprisingly, while individuals with Fitzpatrick phototypes I-II (low melanin content) have a higher incidence of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer, people with vitiligo are at a decreased risk for the same. OBJECTIVES To understand the molecular mechanisms that protect vitiligo skin from ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage by (i) characterizing differentially expressed microRNAs in lesional vs. nonlesional epidermis and (ii) identifying their upstream regulators and downstream gene targets. METHODS Genome-wide microRNA profiling of nonlesional and lesional epidermis was performed on five individuals with stable nonsegmental vitiligo using next-generation RNA sequencing. The relevance of the upstream regulator and downstream target gene of the most differentially expressed microRNA was studied. RESULTS Our study found sirtuin1 (SIRT1), an NAD-dependent deacetylase, to be a direct target of miR-211 - the most significantly downregulated microRNA in lesional epidermis. Inhibition of SIRT1 with EX-527 downregulated keratin 10 and involucrin, suggesting that SIRT1 promotes keratinocyte differentiation. Overexpression of miR-211 mimic led to a significant increase in γ-H2AX positivity and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) formation, hallmarks of UVB-mediated DNA damage. These effects could be ameliorated by the addition of resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator. Furthermore, a long noncoding RNA, MALAT1, was identified as a negative upstream regulator of miR-211. Overexpression of MALAT1 resulted in increased expression of SIRT1 and a concomitant removal of UVB-induced CPDs in primary keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish a novel MALAT1-miR-211-SIRT1 signalling axis that potentially confers protection to the 'amelanotic' keratinocytes in vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Brahmbhatt
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - R Gupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - A Gupta
- D.Y. Patil Medical College, Dr D.Y. Patil University, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 411018, India
| | - S Rastogi
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - R Misri
- Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Mobeen
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - A Ghosh
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - P Kothari
- D.Y. Patil Medical College, Dr D.Y. Patil University, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 411018, India
| | - S Sitaniya
- D.Y. Patil Medical College, Dr D.Y. Patil University, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 411018, India
| | - V Scaria
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - A Singh
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Thomas DS, Manoharan C, Rasalkar S, Mishra RK, Gopalapillai R. Enhanced antioxidant properties of sericin-cecropin fusion protein against oxidative stress in human adult dermal fibroblasts. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911520973238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to UVB radiation causes photoaging, immunosuppression, and ultimately photocarcinogenisis through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ability of natural compounds in neutralizing the effects of oxidative stress is being explored with increased interest. Silk sericin, a biopolymer is reported to have diverse biological properties. In an effort to make the silk sericin pure, more effective and multifunctional, we have recombinantly expressed both functional sericin as well as sericin-cecropin B fusion proteins. Herein, we studied the antioxidant and anti-UVB potential of recombinant sericin and sericin-cecropin B proteins against oxidative stress using human primary dermal fibroblast cells. Treating the cells with recombinant sericin (RS) or sericin-cecropin B (RSC) prior to exposure to UVB and H2O2, effectively increased the cell viability by approximately 30% and 50%, respectively, in comparison to non-treated control. The protective effects were further evident in terms of significant reduction of LDH in oxidatively challenged cells treated with RS and RSC. A reduction in LDH release of at least 16 and 33% was observed with RS and RSC treatments, respectively, in comparison to exposed control. Further, elevated levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed. Importantly, the RSC fusion protein exhibited enhanced protective effects than cells treated with RS alone. Our results demonstrate that the functional attributes of cecropin B along with sericin activity in the fusion protein conferred enhanced protection against UVB- and H2O2-induced oxidative damage in human dermal fibroblasts. The improved antioxidant activity of recombinant sericin fusion biopolymer has great potential as a promising therapeutic agent for ROS-induced skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyna Susan Thomas
- Seri-biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chitra Manoharan
- Seri-biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandhya Rasalkar
- Seri-biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Mishra
- Seri-biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Emmert H, Fonfara M, Rodriguez E, Weidinger S. NADPH oxidase inhibition rescues keratinocytes from elevated oxidative stress in a 2D atopic dermatitis and psoriasis model. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:749-758. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hila Emmert
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Melina Fonfara
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Elke Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
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Cannabidiol protects keratinocyte cell membranes following exposure to UVB and hydrogen peroxide. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101613. [PMID: 32863232 PMCID: PMC7327251 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes, the major cell type of the epidermis, are particularly sensitive to environmental factors including exposure to sunlight and chemical agents. Since oxidative stress may arise as a result of these factors, compounds are actively sought that can act as protective agents. Recently, cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid found in Cannabis Sativa L., has gained increased interest due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and absence of psychoactive effects. This prompted us to analyze the protective effects of CBD on keratinocytes exposed to UVB irradiation and hydrogen peroxide. Here we show, using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, that CBD was able to penetrate keratinocytes, and accumulated within the cellular membrane. CBD reduced redox balance shift, towards oxidative stress, caused by exposure UVB/hydrogen peroxide, estimated by superoxide anion radical generation and total antioxidant status and consequently lipid peroxidation level. CBD was found to protect keratinocytes by preventing changes in the composition of the cellular membrane, associated with UVB/hydrogen peroxide damages which included reduced polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, increased sialic acid and lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde and 8-isoprostanes) levels. This maintains cell membranes integrity and prevents the release of lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, CBD prevented UVB/hydrogen peroxide-induced reduction of keratinocyte size and zeta potential, and also decreased activity of ATP-binding cassette membrane transporters. Together, these findings suggest that CBD could be a potential protective agent for keratinocytes against the harmful effects of irradiation and chemical environmental factors that cause oxidative stress. UVB/H2O2 stimulates keratinocytes membrane penetration by CBD. CBD protects cells against UVB/H2O2 induced redox imbalance. CBD maintains membrane integrity by preventing its component modifications. CBD decreases activity of ATP-binding cassette membrane transporters. CBD could be a potential keratinocytes protector against the harmful factors.
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13
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Zaidieh T, Smith JR, Ball KE, An Q. ROS as a novel indicator to predict anticancer drug efficacy. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1224. [PMID: 31842863 PMCID: PMC6916036 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are considered a primary intracellular site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Generally, cancer cells with mitochondrial genetic abnormalities (copy number change and mutations) have escalated ROS levels compared to normal cells. Since high levels of ROS can trigger apoptosis, treating cancer cells with low doses of mitochondria-targeting / ROS-stimulating agents may offer cancer-specific therapy. This study aimed to investigate how baseline ROS levels might influence cancer cells’ response to ROS-stimulating therapy. Methods Four cancer and one normal cell lines were treated with a conventional drug (cisplatin) and a mitochondria-targeting agent (dequalinium chloride hydrate) separately and jointly. Cell viability was assessed and drug combination synergisms were indicated by the combination index (CI). Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured, and the relative expression levels of the genes and proteins involved in ROS-mediated apoptosis pathways were also investigated. Results Our data showed a correlation between the baseline ROS level, mtDNAcn and drug sensitivity in the tested cells. Synergistic effect of both drugs was also observed with ROS being the key contributor in cell death. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mitochondria-targeting therapy could be more effective compared to conventional treatments. In addition, cancer cells with low levels of ROS may be more sensitive to the treatment, while cells with high levels of ROS may be more resistant. Doubtlessly, further studies employing a wider range of cell lines and in vivo experiments are needed to validate our results. However, this study provides an insight into understanding the influence of intracellular ROS on drug sensitivity, and may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies to improve efficacy of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Zaidieh
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
| | - James R Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Karen E Ball
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Qian An
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
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Ben Saad H, Ben Amara I, Kharrat N, Giroux-Metgès MA, Hakim A, Zeghal KM, Talarmin H. Cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of the red alga Alsidium corallinum against hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity in rat cardiomyocytes. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:35-43. [PMID: 29431472 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1437184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sepsis is the manifestation of the immune and inflammatory responses to infection that may ultimately result in multiorgan failure. Many substances are involved in myocardial dysfunction in sepsis, including hydrogen peroxide. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the protective activity of the red alga Alsidium corallinum against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. MATERIAL AND METHODS The biological properties of A. corallinum were firstly investigated. Secondly, the H9c2 cells were pre-treated with alga extract, and then exposed to H2O2. RESULTS Our results showed richness of the alga in antioxidant compounds, and its biological activities. H2O2 induced a morphological changes and decrease in H9c2 cell viability correlating with an increase in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Pre-treatment with A. corallinum, reduces toxicity and decreased the antioxidants status induced by H2O2. CONCLUSION These findings indicated for the first time the protective effect of A. corallinum against H2O2-induced toxicity in H9c2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Ben Saad
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ibtissem Ben Amara
- b Higher Institute of Biotechnology , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Nadia Kharrat
- c Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases , Sfax University , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Marie-Agnès Giroux-Metgès
- d ORPHY, Optimization of Physiological Regulation, EA4324, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Western Brittany , Brest , France
| | - Ahmed Hakim
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Khaled Mounir Zeghal
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Hélène Talarmin
- d ORPHY, Optimization of Physiological Regulation, EA4324, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Western Brittany , Brest , France
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Yoon Y, Lee Y, Song S, Lee YY, Yeum K. Black soybeans protect human keratinocytes from oxidative stress-induced cell death. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:2423-2430. [PMID: 30510743 PMCID: PMC6261176 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Black soybeans are functional foods containing a variety of bioactives such as isoflavones, carotenoids, tocopherols, phenolic acid as well as anthocyanins. Here, we examined whether Cheongja#3 black soybean extract has a protective effect on oxidative stress-induced cell death in human keratinocytes HaCaT. First, we identified fat-soluble bioactives in three varieties of soybean extracts (Saedanbaek, Daechan, and Cheongja#3). In particular, black soybean Cheongja#3 had high amounts of lutein than other varieties. We demonstrated that Cheongja#3 extract reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, Cheongja#3 protected cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and triggered cell death determined by cell viabilities and apoptotic caspase activities. Next, we identified the underlying mechanism is due to increased Nrf2 antioxidant system by Cheongja#3, thus increasing the expression of heme oxygenases (HO)-1. These results indicated that Cheongja#3 soybean extract has protective role against oxidative stress by upregulating the Nrf-2 antioxidant system in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yoon
- Division of Food BioscienceCollege of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk UniversityChungju‐siKorea
| | - Yoon‐Mi Lee
- Division of Food BioscienceCollege of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk UniversityChungju‐siKorea
- Nanotechnology Research CenterKonkuk UniversityChungju‐siKorea
| | - Sooji Song
- Division of Food BioscienceCollege of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk UniversityChungju‐siKorea
| | - Yu Young Lee
- Department of Central AreaNational Institute of Crop ScienceRural Development AdministrationSuwonKorea
| | - Kyung‐Jin Yeum
- Division of Food BioscienceCollege of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk UniversityChungju‐siKorea
- Institute of Biomedical and Health scienceKonkuk UniversityChungju‐siKorea
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16
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Devi S, Kumar N, Kapila S, Mada SB, Reddi S, Vij R, Kapila R. Buffalo casein derived peptide can alleviates H 2O 2 induced cellular damage and necrosis in fibroblast cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:485-495. [PMID: 28483348 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of a critical pathogenic factor in the progression of aging and chronic diseases such as cancer, myocardial inflammation and diabetes. In the present scenario, peptides with short half life and more biological specificities are gaining much attention as prodrugs. Thus, the present investigation carried out to screen potential antioxidative peptide, VLPVPQK to cope with the cellular oxidative damage. Our results showed that treatment of rat fibroblast cells with 0.2mM H2O2 for 6h significantly declined different oxidative stress biomarkers such as SOD, CAT, GSH, and promoted LDH activity. In addition, ROS and TNF-α levels were also increased upon H2O2 exposure for 6h and thereby, it induced cell death. Amazingly, pretreatment of the peptide (VLPVPQK) significantly elevated cell survivability, by reversing all H2O2 induced alterations in fibroblast cells. Therefore, our results indicated that, the peptide (VLPVPQK) acted as a potential cytoprotective agent, who restored redox balance and cell homeostasis in cultured fibroblast cells, even after H2O2 exposure, suggesting that the peptide can be valuable as an effective remedy in treatment of oxidative stress related diseases and skin inflammation related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Devi
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | - Suman Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | - Sanusi Bello Mada
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | - Srinu Reddi
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | - Rishika Vij
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | - Rajeev Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
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17
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Ben Khedir S, Moalla D, Jardak N, Mzid M, Sahnoun Z, Rebai T. Pistacia lentiscus fruit oil reduces oxidative stress in human skin explants caused by hydrogen peroxide. Biotech Histochem 2016; 91:480-491. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2016.1232840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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18
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Li T, Zhai S, Xu M, Shang M, Gao Y, Liu G, Wang Q, Zheng L. SpxB-mediated H2 O2 induces programmed cell death in Streptococcus sanguinis. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 56:741-52. [PMID: 26879582 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) is a commensal oral streptococci that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), and this production is dependent on pyruvate oxidase (SpxB) activity. In addition to its well-known role in intraspecies or interspecies competitions, recent studies have shown that H2 O2 produced by S. sanguinis under aerobic conditions not only upregulates biofilm formation and eDNA release but also regulates cell death without obvious cell lysis. Here, we report that S. sanguinis exhibits characteristic hallmarks of eukaryotic apoptosis when it encounters endogenous and exogenous H2 O2 . As the most common mode of programmed cell death (PCD), apoptosis is accompanied by a series of biochemical and morphological events, including DNA fragmentation, chromosome condensation, membrane potential depolarization, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, and caspase substrate binding protein activity changes. In addition, we also provide genetic evidence that there is decreased expression of the related DNA repair genes comEA, recA, dnaC, dinG, and pcrA in the wild-type compared to the isogenic spxB mutant in S. sanguinis. Our data suggest that endogenous H2 O2 is the most important agent in this development process in S. sanguinis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuheng Zhai
- Department of Clinical Medicine English Class, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengya Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengmeng Shang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gangshan Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine English Class, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingxuan Wang
- Department of Dental Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lanyan Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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19
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Salak Plum Peel Extract as a Safe and Efficient Antioxidant Appraisal for Cosmetics. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1068-74. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Stefin B deficiency reduces tumor growth via sensitization of tumor cells to oxidative stress in a breast cancer model. Oncogene 2013; 33:3392-400. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Mortensen LJ, Ravichandran S, Delouise LA. The impact of UVB exposure and differentiation state of primary keratinocytes on their interaction with quantum dots. Nanotoxicology 2012; 7:1244-54. [PMID: 22998293 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2012.733437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study we utilised an in vitro model system to gain insight into the potential cellular interactions that quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles may experience while transiting the viable skin epidermis, and we consider the effects of UVB exposure. UVB skin exposure is known to induce a skin barrier defect that facilitates QD stratum corneum penetration. Primary human keratinocytes were cultured in low and high calcium to induce basal and differentiated phenotypes, respectively. Results suggest that differentiation state plays a role in keratinocyte response to UVB exposure and exposure to negatively charged CdSe/ZnS core/shell QD. QD cell uptake increased with QD dose but association with differentiated cells was significantly lower than the basal keratinocyte phenotype. Differentiated keratinocytes were also less sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of UVB exposure. We did not observe an effect of UVB preexposure on QD cytotoxicity level despite the fact that fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry data suggest that UVB may slightly increase QD uptake in the basal cell phenotype. The implications of these findings for assessing potential risk of human skin exposure are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Mortensen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY , USA
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22
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Naves T, Battu S, Jauberteau MO, Cardot PJ, Ratinaud MH, Verdier M. Autophagic Subpopulation Sorting by Sedimentation Field-Flow Fractionation. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8748-55. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302032v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Naves
- Université de Limoges, Institut 145 GEIST, EA 3842 “Homéostasie
cellulaire et pathologies”, Faculté de Médecine,
2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Serge Battu
- Université de Limoges, Institut 145 GEIST, EA 3842 “Homéostasie
cellulaire et pathologies”, Faculté de Médecine,
2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, 87025
Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- Université de Limoges, Institut 145 GEIST, EA 3842 “Homéostasie
cellulaire et pathologies”, Faculté de Médecine,
2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Philippe J.P. Cardot
- Université de Limoges, Institut 145 GEIST, EA 3842 “Homéostasie
cellulaire et pathologies”, Faculté de Médecine,
2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, 87025
Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Ratinaud
- Université de Limoges, Institut 145 GEIST, EA 3842 “Homéostasie
cellulaire et pathologies”, Faculté de Médecine,
2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Mireille Verdier
- Université de Limoges, Institut 145 GEIST, EA 3842 “Homéostasie
cellulaire et pathologies”, Faculté de Médecine,
2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
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23
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Effects of curcumin on bleomycin-induced apoptosis in human malignant testicular germ cells. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 69:289-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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24
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Sage J, Leblanc-Noblesse E, Nizard C, Sasaki T, Schnebert S, Perrier E, Kurfurst R, Brömme D, Lalmanach G, Lecaille F. Cleavage of nidogen-1 by cathepsin S impairs its binding to basement membrane partners. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43494. [PMID: 22952693 PMCID: PMC3429489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin S (catS), which is expressed in normal human keratinocytes and localized close to the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) degrades some of major basement membrane (BM) constituents. Among them, catS readily hydrolyzed in a time and dose dependent manner human nidogen-1 (nid-1) and nidogen-2, which are key proteins in the BM structure. CatS preferentially cleaved nid-1 at both acid and neutral pH. Hydrolysis of nid-1 was hampered in murine ctss−/− spleen lysates pretreated with inhibitors of other classes of proteases. Nid-1 was cleaved within its G2 and G3 globular domains that are both involved in interactions with other BM components. Binding assays with soluble and immobilized ligands indicated that catS altered the formation of complexes between nid-1 and other BM components. Assuming that the cleavage of nid-1 impairs its ability to crosslink with BM partners and perturbs the viscoelastic properties of BM matrix, these data indicate that catS may participate in BM proteolysis, in addition to already identified proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Sage
- INSERM, UMR 1100, Pathologies Respiratoires: protéolyse et aérosolthérapie, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy (LVMH-Recherche), Saint Jean de Braye, France
| | | | - Carine Nizard
- Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy (LVMH-Recherche), Saint Jean de Braye, France
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Cellulaire de l’Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Takako Sasaki
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Eric Perrier
- Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy (LVMH-Recherche), Saint Jean de Braye, France
| | - Robin Kurfurst
- Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy (LVMH-Recherche), Saint Jean de Braye, France
| | - Dieter Brömme
- University of British Columbia, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gilles Lalmanach
- INSERM, UMR 1100, Pathologies Respiratoires: protéolyse et aérosolthérapie, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
| | - Fabien Lecaille
- INSERM, UMR 1100, Pathologies Respiratoires: protéolyse et aérosolthérapie, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, UMR 1100, Tours, France
- * E-mail:
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25
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Effects of N-acetylcystein on bleomycin-induced apoptosis in malignant testicular germ cell tumors. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68:555-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Itoh T, Terazawa R, Kojima K, Nakane K, Deguchi T, Ando M, Tsukamasa Y, Ito M, Nozawa Y. Cisplatin induces production of reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase activation in human prostate cancer cells. Free Radic Res 2011; 45:1033-9. [PMID: 21682664 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.591391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cisplatin treatment of human prostate cancer cells; hormone-sensitive LNCaP and hormone-refractory PC3 and DU145 cells. Intracellular levels of ROS and H(2)O(2) were measured and visualized using specific fluorescent probes. NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity was detected by lucigenin chemiluminescence assay. Expression levels of NOX isoforms were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Cisplatin treatment increased the intracellular levels of ROS and H(2)O(2) in three prostate cancer cell lines. The increase was transient and robust in hormone-sensitive LNCaP cells compared with hormone-refractory PC3 and DU145 cells. Consistent with these findings, the NOX activity induced by cisplatin was higher in LNCaP cells than in PC3 and DU145 cells. Expression pattern of NOX isoforms varied among three cell lines and the NOX activity was independent of NOX expression. Taken together, we have shown that cisplatin induces production of ROS and H(2)O(2) via NOX activation in human prostate cancer cell lines, which is most prominent in hormone-sensitive LNCaP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Itoh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan.
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Kaneko K, Walker SL, Lai-Cheong J, Matsui MS, Norval M, Young AR. cis-Urocanic acid enhances prostaglandin E2 release and apoptotic cell death via reactive oxygen species in human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2011; 131:1262-71. [PMID: 21412256 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Urocanic acid (UCA) is a major UVR-absorbing skin molecule that undergoes trans to cis photoisomerization in the epidermis following UVR exposure. Murine studies have established that cis-UCA is an important mediator of UVR-induced immune suppression, but little is known about its signaling pathway. We have previously demonstrated that treatment of normal human epidermal keratinocytes with cis-UCA resulted in increased synthesis of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and cell death. Here, using immortalized human keratinocytes, we report that cis-UCA but not trans-UCA generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose-dependent manner and that the natural antioxidant α-tocopherol can reduce this ROS generation, subsequent PGE(2) release, and apoptotic cell death. Western blot analysis revealed that cis-UCA leads to a transient phosphorylation of EGFR as well as downstream mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38. Pharmacological inhibition of their activity attenuated PGE(2) release induced by cis-UCA. After transient activation, cis-UCA downregulated EGFR protein expression that corresponded to activation of caspase-3. In addition, pretreatment with α-tocopherol inhibited EGFR downregulation and caspase-3 activation induced by cis-UCA. These results suggest that cis-UCA exerts its effects on human keratinocytes via intracellular ROS generation that modulates EGFR signaling and subsequently induces PGE(2) synthesis and apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyo Kaneko
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
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Zanchetta LM, Kirk D, Lyng F, Walsh J, Murphy JEJ. Cell-density-dependent changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species production in human skin cells post sunlight exposure. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2010; 26:311-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2010.00551.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gragnani A, Rossi MB, Albuquerque JCM, Brito GSS, Aloise AC, Ferreira LM. Keratinocyte growth factor protected cultured human keratinocytes exposed to oxidative stress. Acta Cir Bras 2010; 25:93-7. [PMID: 20126895 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502010000100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate effects of oxidative stress and supplementation of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) on cultivated human keratinocytes. METHODS Oxidative stress was produced through addition of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) to the culture medium. Cultivated human keratinocytes were divided in 4 groups: Group control (G C), Group KGF (G KGF), Group H(2)O(2) (G H(2)O(2)), Group H(2)O(2) and KGF (G H(2)O(2)-KGF). Each experiment was accomplished with the same lineage cultivated keratinocytes, in triplicate. Cell viability was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay. RESULTS The results showed that the culture medium supplemented with KGF presented a small rate of cell viability when compared to cells only in culture medium (p<0,001). It demonstrated that only the growth factor does not have protector effects for cells in vitro. However, in front of the oxidative stress produced by addition of hydrogen peroxide to the medium, KGF showed a beneficial effect, protecting cells when compared to the group that suffered hydrogen peroxide action but had not been exposed to KGF (p<0,001). CONCLUSION KGF determined protection to the primary human keratinocytes exposed to oxidative stress.
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Grange PA, Weill B, Dupin N, Batteux F. Does inflammatory acne result from imbalance in the keratinocyte innate immune response? Microbes Infect 2010; 12:1085-90. [PMID: 20691803 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2010.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acne is a multifactorial chronic disease affecting around 80% of teenage population. The pathogenesis of acne involves inflammatory reactions and colonization by the Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) strain. P. acnes stimulates the keratinocytes involved in the innate immune response, the intensity of which could be influenced either by bacterial intrinsic factors or by endogenous factors of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe A Grange
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Dermatologie, EA 1833, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 75679 Paris Cedex 14, France
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Lin KY, Uen YH. Aloe-emodin, an anthraquinone, in vitro inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2010; 1:541-547. [PMID: 22966340 DOI: 10.3892/ol_00000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of aloe-emodin, an anthraquinone compound present in the leaves of Aloe vera, on two human colon carcinoma cell lines, DLD-1 and WiDr. Colon carcinoma cells were treated with various concentrations of aloe-emodin for different durations. Cell viability was measured by sodium 3'-[1-(phenylamino-carbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzene-sulfonic acid hydrate assay. DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Nuclear shrinkage was visualized by Hoechst 33258 staining. Western blotting was used to indicate the release of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c from mitochondria and the phosphorylation of Bid. Caspase-3 and casein kinase II activities were measured by the respective assays. Cell viability analyses showed that aloe-emodin induced cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Notably, the WiDr cells were more sensitive to aloe-emodin than the DLD-1 cells. Aloe-emodin caused the release of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c from mitochondria, followed by activation of caspase-3 leading to DNA fragmentation, nuclear shrinkage and apoptosis. In addition, exposure of colon carcinoma cells to aloe-emodin suppressed the casein kinase II activity in a time-dependent manner and was accompanied by a reduced phosphorylation of Bid, a downstream substrate of casein kinase II and a pro-apoptotic molecule. These findings showed that the inhibition of casein kinase II activity, the release of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c, and the caspase-3 activation are involved in aloe-emodin-mediated apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung-Hua Road, Yung-Kang City, Tainan 710
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Ines D, Sonia B, Fatma BA, Souhail B, Hamadi A, Hamida T, Basma H. Date seed oil inhibits Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human epidermal keratinocytes. Int J Dermatol 2010; 49:262-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04237.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wang D, Xiang DB, Yang XQ, Chen LS, Li MX, Zhong ZY, Zhang YS. APE1 overexpression is associated with cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer and targeted inhibition of APE1 enhances the activity of cisplatin in A549 cells. Lung Cancer 2009; 66:298-304. [PMID: 19324449 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2008] [Revised: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1), a bifunctional AP endonuclease/redox factor, is important in DNA repair and redox signaling, may be associated with chemoresistance. In this study, we first investigated APE1 expression and its correlation with cisplatin resistance and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Then, we investigated the effect of chimeric adenoviral vector Ad5/F35 carrying human APE1 siRNA (Ad5/F35-APE1 siRNA) on the sensitivity of cisplatin in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. METHODS Tumor specimens from 103 patients with operable NSCLC were obtained from 1999 to 2001. Among these patients, 72 patients have been treated with at least three cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. APE1 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot on the tumor samples and a cultured A549 cell line, respectively. Cell survival and apoptosis were determined by MTT and TUNEL, respectively. RESULTS 83.3% (20/24) cisplatin-resistant tumors showed high APE1 expression levels, while 8.3% (4/48) cisplatin-sensitive tumors showed high APE1 expression levels (p<0.01). Univariate analysis indicated that overall survival and disease-free survival were significantly better in NSCLC patients with low vs those with high APE1 expression levels (p<0.01). Treatment with cisplatin resulted in a dose-dependent increase in APE1 protein expression in A549 cells, and Ad5/F35-APE1 siRNA effectively inhibited APE1 expression. Ad5/F35-APE1 siRNA significantly enhanced sensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin, associated with increased cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that APE1 is a new promising target for the combination of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in NCSLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Jiang Y, Guo C, Vasko MR, Kelley MR. Implications of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease in reactive oxygen signaling response after cisplatin treatment of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Cancer Res 2008; 68:6425-34. [PMID: 18676868 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is one of the major side effects of the anticancer drug cisplatin. Although previous work suggests that this neuropathy correlates with formation of DNA adducts in sensory neurons, growing evidence suggests that cisplatin also increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could cause DNA damage. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox factor-1 (Ape1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein involved in DNA base excision repair of oxidative DNA damage and in redox regulation of a number of transcription factors. Therefore, we asked whether altering Ape1 functions would influence cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Sensory neurons in culture were exposed to cisplatin for 24 hours and several end points of toxicity were measured, including production of ROS, cell death, apoptosis, and release of the immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (iCGRP). Reducing expression of Ape1 in neuronal cultures using small interfering RNA (siRNA) enhances cisplatin-induced cell killing, apoptosis, ROS generation, and cisplatin-induced reduction in iCGRP release. Overexpressing wild-type Ape1 attenuates all the toxic effects of cisplatin in cells containing normal endogenous levels of Ape1 and in cells with reduced Ape1 levels after Ape1siRNA treatment. Overexpressing the redox deficient/repair competent C65-Ape1 provides partial rescue, whereas the repair-deficient Ape1 (N226A + R177A) does not protect neurons from cisplatin toxicity. We also observe an increase in phosphorylation of p53 after a decrease in Ape1 levels in sensory neuronal cultures. These results strongly support the notion that Ape1 is a potential translational target such that protecting Ape1 levels and particularly its DNA repair function could reduce peripheral neuropathy in patients undergoing cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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Min SK, Lee SK, Park JS, Lee J, Paeng JY, Lee SI, Lee HJ, Kim Y, Pae HO, Lee SK, Kim EC. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis in immortalized and malignant human oral keratinocytes. J Oral Pathol Med 2008; 37:490-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Garrido-Fariña G, Cornejo-Cortés M, Martínez-Rodríguez A, Reyes-Esparza J, Alba-Hurtado F, Tórtora-Pérez J. A study of the process of apoptosis in animals infected with the contagious ecthyma virus. Vet Microbiol 2008; 129:28-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2006] [Revised: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dash R, Acharya C, Bindu P, Kundu S. Antioxidant potential of silk protein sericin against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in skin fibroblasts. BMB Rep 2008; 41:236-41. [DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.3.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Black AT, Gray JP, Shakarjian MP, Laskin DL, Heck DE, Laskin JD. Distinct effects of ultraviolet B light on antioxidant expression in undifferentiated and differentiated mouse keratinocytes. Carcinogenesis 2007; 29:219-25. [PMID: 17984112 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgm242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) B causes oxidative stress, which has been implicated in carcinogenesis. We determined if the sensitivity of keratinocytes to UVB-induced oxidative stress is dependent on their differentiation state. In primary cultures of undifferentiated and differentiated mouse keratinocytes, UVB (25 mJ/cm(2)) stimulated production of reactive oxygen intermediates. This was associated with increased messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the glutathione S-transferase (GST), GSTA1-2. The effects of UVB on GSTA1-2 were greater in undifferentiated when compared with differentiated cells. UVB also induced GSTM1, but only in undifferentiated cells. In contrast, UVB reduced expression of manganese superoxide dismutase, metallothionein-2, GSTA3 and microsomal glutathione S-transferase (mGST)3 in both cell types, whereas it had no major effects on catalase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, GSTP1, mGST1 or mGST2. Of note, levels of GSTA4 mRNA were 4- to 5-fold greater in differentiated relative to undifferentiated cells. Moreover, whereas GSTA4 was induced by UVB in undifferentiated cells, it was inhibited in differentiated cells. UVB activated p38 and c-jun N-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases in both undifferentiated and differentiated keratinocytes. Whereas inhibition of these kinases blocked UVB-induced HO-1 in both cell types, GSTA1-2 and GST-4 were only suppressed in undifferentiated cells. In differentiated keratinocytes, p38 inhibition also suppressed GSTA1-2. In contrast, MAP kinase inhibition had no major effects on UVB-induced suppression of GSTA4 in differentiated cells. These data indicate that UVB-induced alterations in antioxidant expression are differentiation dependent. Moreover, MAP kinases are critical regulators of this response. Alterations in antioxidants are likely to be important mechanisms for protecting the skin from UVB-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne T Black
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Chen SH, Lin KY, Chang CC, Fang CL, Lin CP. Aloe-emodin-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:2296-303. [PMID: 17637488 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2007] [Revised: 05/10/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the anticancer effect of aloe-emodin, an anthraquinone compound present in the leaves of Aloe vera, on two distinct human gastric carcinoma cell lines, AGS and NCI-N87. We demonstrate that aloe-emodin induced cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Noteworthy is that the AGS cells were generally more sensitive than the NCI-N87 cells. Aloe-emodin caused the release of apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c from mitochondria, followed by the activation of caspase-3, leading to nuclear shrinkage and apoptosis. In addition, exposure to aloe-emodin suppressed the casein kinase II activity in a time-dependent manner and was accompanied by a reduced phosphorylation of Bid, a downstream substrate of casein kinase II and a pro-apoptotic molecule. These preclinical studies suggest that aloe-emodin represents a suitable and novel chemotherapeutic drug candidate for the treatment of human gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hsuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Takeshita D, Bento FM, Chammas R, Belizário JE, Carmona AK, Konno K, Lopes de Melo R, Molina G, Lisboa BCG, Han SW. Expression of the selectable marker gene bsrm in BALB/MK cells induces apoptosis by overproduction of hydrogen peroxide. Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 85:573-81. [PMID: 17901899 DOI: 10.1139/o07-058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transduction of the retroviral vector LBmSN, which expresses the blasticidin S resistance gene bsrm in the murine keratinocyte cell line BALB/MK, induces death in these cells. Cell death is caused by a factor called DOKEB (death factor obtained from keratinocytes expressing bsrm), which is released before the cells' death. In this report we describe and discuss the purification and characterization of DOKEB. Our results were as follows. (i) The 5-day-old medium from the modified BALB/MK cells with LBmSN was used for purification and characterization by filtration and chromatography: DOKEB was a stable and highly hydrophilic compound, with a molecular mass less than that of 1 amino acid. (ii) The conditioned medium containing DOKEB was reactive against thiobarbituric acid and dichlorofluorescein diacetate. (iii) DOKEB activity was neutralized by the incubation of the conditioned medium with catalase. Therefore, our conclusion is that the BALB/MK cells expressing bsrm produce a large amount of hydrogen peroxide, which catalyzes the process of apoptosis of those cells.
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Lassen N, Pappa A, Black WJ, Jester JV, Day BJ, Min E, Vasiliou V. Antioxidant function of corneal ALDH3A1 in cultured stromal fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 41:1459-69. [PMID: 17023273 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Revised: 06/29/2006] [Accepted: 08/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) is highly expressed in epithelial cells and stromal keratocytes of mammalian cornea and is believed to play an important role in cellular defense. To explore a potential protective role against oxidative damage, a rabbit corneal fibroblastic cell line (TRK43) was stably transfected with the human ALDH3A1 and subjected to oxidative stress induced by H(2)O(2), mitomycin C (MMC), or etoposide (VP-16). ALDH3A1-transfected cells were more resistant to H(2)O(2,) MMC, and VP-16 compared to the vector-transfected cells. All treatments induced apoptosis only in vector-transfected cells, which was associated with increased levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE)-adducted proteins. Treatment with H(2)O(2) resulted in a rise in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in all groups but was more pronounced in the ALDH3A1-expressing cells. Treatment with the DNA-damaging agents led to GSH depletion in control groups, although the depletion was significantly less in ALDH3A1-expressing cells. Increased carbonylation of ALDH3A1 but not significant decline in enzymatic activity was observed after all treatments. In conclusion, our results suggest that ALDH3A1 may act to protect corneal cells against cellular oxidative damage by metabolizing toxic lipid peroxidation products (e.g., 4-HNE), maintaining cellular GSH levels and redox balance, and operating as an antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Lassen
- Molecular Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
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Rezvani HR, Cario-André M, Pain C, Ged C, deVerneuil H, Taïeb A. Protection of normal human reconstructed epidermis from UV by catalase overexpression. Cancer Gene Ther 2006; 14:174-86. [PMID: 17053817 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation are counterbalanced by endogenous antioxidant systems. To test the hypothesis of a novel photoprotective approach, we irradiated epidermis reconstructed with normal human keratinocytes overexpressing sustainably lentivirus-mediated catalase (CAT), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) or manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) enzymes. We found that following UVB irradiation there was a marked decrease in sunburn cell formation, caspase-3 activation and p53 accumulation in human reconstructed epidermis overexpressing CAT. Moreover, UVA-induced hypertrophy and DNA oxidation (8-oxodeoxyguanosine) were decreased by CAT overexpression. These effects were not achieved by overexpression of CuZnSOD or MnSOD. In conclusion, vector-mediated CAT overexpression could be a promising photoprotective tool against deleterious effects of UV irradiation such skin cancer especially in monogenic/polygenic photosensitive disorders characterized by ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Rezvani
- INSERM E 0217, University Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France
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Sun T, Jackson S, Haycock JW, MacNeil S. Culture of skin cells in 3D rather than 2D improves their ability to survive exposure to cytotoxic agents. J Biotechnol 2006; 122:372-81. [PMID: 16446003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Revised: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we asked the question of whether cells in 3D culture cope more effectively with cytotoxic agents than cells in 2D. The sensitivities of human skin cells (keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells) to oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide) and to a potentially toxic heavy metal (silver) when cultured under 2D and 3D conditions were investigated. The results show a marked resistance of cells to a given dose of hydrogen peroxide or silver nitrate causing a 50% loss of viability in 3D cultures, when compared to the same cells grown in 2D. There was also an improvement in the ability of cells to withstand both stresses when cells were in co-culture rather than in mono-culture. Foetal calf serum was found to have a mild protective effect in 2D culture but this was not extended to findings in 3D culture. This study suggests that dermatotoxicity testing using 3D co-cultures might be more likely to reflect true physiological responses to xenobiotic materials than existing models that rely on 2D mono-cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Engineering Materials, Sheffield University, Kroto Research Institute, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK
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Isoir M, Buard V, Gasser P, Voisin P, Lati E, Benderitter M. Human keratinocyte radiosensitivity is linked to redox modulation. J Dermatol Sci 2005; 41:55-65. [PMID: 16361084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2005.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2005] [Revised: 11/02/2005] [Accepted: 11/24/2005] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionising radiation-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction induces keratinocyte alterations and constitutes one of the most common effects after therapeutic gamma-irradiation. ROS production is controlled by a complex enzymatic system. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to analyse the role of radiation-induced oxidative stress in keratinocytes death by apoptosis. We hypothesized that keratinocyte capacity to hamper radiation-induced ROS generation may control their radiosensitivity. METHODS For this purpose, an original human skin explant model was developed and two types of human epidermal cells were used: primary keratinocytes NHEK and spontaneous non-tumourigenic cell line HaCaT. RESULTS cDNA-arrays analysis was performed 24h after a 20Gy gamma-radiation and revealed down-regulation of genes involved in oxidative stress control and the apoptosis process. This was confirmed by alterations in catalase, GPx and SOD enzymatic activities. This redox modulation was concomitant to the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic genes and up-regulation of some pro-apoptotic genes (caspase 10, ubiquitin C). Interestingly TUNEL labelling revealed an increase in the number of apoptotic cells. We also demonstrated a differential inducibility of the cell antioxidant network in two keratinocyte lines, which results in a differential cellular level of ROS, explaining their different radiosensitivities. CONCLUSION Keratinocytes apoptosis is partly dependent on ROS production after exposure to gamma-rays. In addition, the differential radiosensitivity of keratinocytes is linked to different oxidative stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Isoir
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN, Service de Radiobiologie d'Epidémiologie, Direction de la Radioprotection de l'Homme, Laboratoire de RadioPathologie, IRSN, B.P. no. 17, F-92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
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