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Yu L, Lee H, Rho SB, Park MK, Lee CH. Ethacrynic Acid: A Promising Candidate for Drug Repurposing as an Anticancer Agent. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076712. [PMID: 37047688 PMCID: PMC10094867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethacrynic acid (ECA) is a diuretic that inhibits Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) present in the thick ascending loop of Henle and muculo dens and is clinically used for the treatment of edema caused by excessive body fluid. However, its clinical use is limited due to its low bioavailability and side effects, such as liver damage and hearing loss at high doses. Despite this, ECA has recently emerged as a potential anticancer agent through the approach of drug repositioning, with a novel mechanism of action. ECA has been shown to regulate cancer hallmark processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, angiogenesis, inflammation, energy metabolism, and the increase of inhibitory growth factors through various mechanisms. Additionally, ECA has been used as a scaffold for synthesizing a new material, and various derivatives have been synthesized. This review explores the potential of ECA and its derivatives as anticancer agents, both alone and in combination with adjuvants, by examining their effects on ten hallmarks of cancer and neuronal contribution to cancer. Furthermore, we investigated the trend of synthesis research of a series of ECA derivatives to improve the bioavailability of ECA. This review highlights the importance of ECA research and its potential to provide a cost-effective alternative to new drug discovery and development for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bae Rho
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
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Dobromyslin VI, Megherbi DB. Augmenting Imaging Biomarker Performance with Blood-Based Gene Expression Levels for Predicting Alzheimer’s Disease Progression. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:583-594. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Structural brain imaging metrics and gene expression biomarkers have previously been used for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis and prognosis, but none of these studies explored integration of imaging and gene expression biomarkers for predicting mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-to-AD conversion 1-2 years into the future. Objective: We investigated advantages of combining gene expression and structural brain imaging features for predicting MCI-to-AD conversion. Selection of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for classifying cognitively normal (CN) controls and AD patients was benchmarked against previously reported results. Methods: The current work proposes integrating brain imaging and blood gene expression data from two public datasets (ADNI and ANM) to predict MCI-to-AD conversion. A novel pipeline for combining gene expression data from multiple platforms is proposed and evaluated in the two independents patient cohorts. Results: Combining DEGs and imaging biomarkers for predicting MCI-to-AD conversion yielded 0.832-0.876 receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC), which exceeded the 0.808-0.840 AUC from using the imaging features alone. With using only three DEGs, the CN versus AD predictive model achieved 0.718, 0.858, and 0.873 cross-validation AUC for the ADNI, ANM1, and ANM2 datasets. Conclusion: For the first time we show that combining gene expression and imaging biomarkers yields better predictive performance than using imaging metrics alone. A novel pipeline for combining gene expression data from multiple platforms is proposed and evaluated to produce consistent results in the two independents patient cohorts. Using an improved feature selection, we show that predictive models with fewer gene expression probes can achieve competitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly I. Dobromyslin
- Center for Computer Machine/Human Intelligence Networking and Distributed Systems, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Dalila B. Megherbi
- Center for Computer Machine/Human Intelligence Networking and Distributed Systems, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
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Wang X, Ye L, Zhang K, Gao L, Xiao J, Zhang Y. Upregulation of microRNA-200a in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enhances the repair of spinal cord injury in rats by reducing oxidative stress and regulating Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Artif Organs 2020; 44:744-752. [PMID: 31995644 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common disease with high incidence, disability rate and treatment cost. microRNA (miR)-200a is reported to inhibit Keap1 to activate Nrf2 signaling. This study aimed to explore the effects of lentivirus-mediated miR-200a gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on the repair of SCI in a rat model. BMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of Sprague-Dawley rats. MiR-200a targeting to Keap1 was identified by luciferase reporter gene assay. The expressions of Keap1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H-dependent quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) were detected by Western blotting in SCI rats. The locomotor capacity of the rats was evaluated using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scale. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were measured. miR-200a inhibited Keap-1 3' UTR activity in BMSCs. Transplantation of BMSCs with overexpression of miR-200a or si-Keap1 increased locomotor function recovery of rats after SCI, while decreased MDA level, increased SOD, CAT activities, and Nrf2 expression together with its downstream HO-1, NQO1, GCLC protein expressions in SCI rat. These results indicated that overexpressed miR-200a in BMSCs promoted SCI repair, which may be through regulating antioxidative signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yiquan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Chithra MA, Ijinu TP, Kharkwal H, Sharma RK, Pushpangadan P, George V. Phenolic rich Cocos nucifera inflorescence extract ameliorates inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and toxin-induced murine models. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:1073-1089. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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5
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Promising neuroprotective effects of β-caryophyllene against LPS-induced oligodendrocyte toxicity: A mechanistic study. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 159:154-171. [PMID: 30529211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Myelin loss subsequent to oligodendrocyte death has been reported in a variety of myelin-associated disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to elicit cellular responses in the central nervous system (CNS) and trigger immune infiltrates and glial cells to release a variety of inflammatory cytokines and mediators. LPS-induced oligodendrocytes toxicity may be chosen as an efficient model to evaluate the role of oligodendrocytes in neuroprotective activities of compounds. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a selective type 2 cannabinoid (CB2) receptor agonist. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of BCP are not completely understood. On this basis, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of a wide range of BCP concentrations against LPS-induced toxicity in a proliferative oligodendrocyte cell line (OLN-93) and evaluate the possible correlation between BCP concentration and selective modulation of CB2, Nrf2, sphingomyelinase (SMase) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)-γ signaling pathways. We found that LPS significantly increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) metabolite and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production while decreases the level of GSH. BCP could prevent LPS-induced cytotoxicity and excessive production of NO, ROS, and TNF-α. Also, we demonstrated that BCP's protective effects against LPS-induced oligodendrocytes toxicity were mediated via the CB2 receptor through different pathways including Nrf2/HO-1/anti-oxidant axis, and PPAR-γ, at low (0.2 and 1 µM), and high (10-50 µM) concentrations, respectively. Additionally, we observed that the addition of SMase inhibitors imipramine (IMP) and fluoxetine (FLX) synergistically increased the protective effects of BCP. Finally, BCP at low concentrations exerted promising protective effects that could be considered for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as MS. However, more studies using other models of neurodegenerative diseases should be undertaken to assess different parameters such as the activity or expression of SMase.
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Saeed-Zidane M, Linden L, Salilew-Wondim D, Held E, Neuhoff C, Tholen E, Hoelker M, Schellander K, Tesfaye D. Cellular and exosome mediated molecular defense mechanism in bovine granulosa cells exposed to oxidative stress. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187569. [PMID: 29117219 PMCID: PMC5678720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Various environmental insults including diseases, heat and oxidative stress could lead to abnormal growth, functions and apoptosis in granulosa cells during ovarian follicle growth and oocyte maturation. Despite the fact that cells exposed to oxidative stress are responding transcriptionally, the potential release of transcripts associated with oxidative stress response into extracellular space through exosomes is not yet determined. Therefore, here we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress in bovine granulosa cells in vitro on the cellular and exosome mediated defense mechanisms. Bovine granulosa cells were aspirated from ovarian follicles and cultured in DMEM/F-12 Ham culture medium supplemented with 10% exosome-depleted fetal bovine serum. In the first experiment sub-confluent cells were treated with 5 μM H2O2 for 40 min to induce oxidative stress. Thereafter, cells were subjected to ROS and mitochondrial staining, cell proliferation and cell cycle assays. Furthermore, gene and protein expression analysis were performed in H2O2-challenged versus control group 24 hr post-treatment using qRT-PCR and immune blotting or immunocytochemistry assay, respectively. Moreover, exosomes were isolated from spent media using ultracentrifugation procedure, and subsequently used for RNA isolation and qRT-PCR. In the second experiment, exosomes released by granulosa cells under oxidative stress (StressExo) or those released by granulosa cells without oxidative stress (NormalExo) were co-incubated with bovine granulosa cells in vitro to proof the potential horizontal transfer of defense molecules from exosomes to granulosa cells and investigate any phenotype changes. Exposure of bovine granulosa cells to H2O2 induced the accumulation of ROS, reduced mitochondrial activity, increased expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes (both mRNA and protein), altered the cell cycle transitions and induced cellular apoptosis. Granulosa cells exposed to oxidative stress released exosomes enriched with mRNA of Nrf2 and candidate antioxidants. Subsequent co-incubation of StressExo with cultured granulosa cells could alter the relative abundance of cellular oxidative stress response molecules including Nrf2 and antioxidants CAT, PRDX1 and TXN1. The present study provide evidences that granulosa cells exposed to oxidative stress conditions react to stress by activating cascades of cellular antioxidant molecules which can also be released into extracellular environment through exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saeed-Zidane
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lea Linden
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dessie Salilew-Wondim
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Held
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Neuhoff
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ernst Tholen
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
- Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Schellander
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Jayesh K, Helen LR, Vysakh A, Binil E, Latha M. Ethyl acetate fraction of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. fruits inhibits proinflammatory mediators via down regulating nuclear factor-κB in LPS stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1654-1660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Wang H, Xu YS, Wang ML, Cheng C, Bian R, Yuan H, Wang Y, Guo T, Zhu LL, Zhou H. Protective effect of naringin against the LPS-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells: Implications for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:819-830. [PMID: 28260042 PMCID: PMC5360435 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that increased apoptosis plays an essential role in neurodegenerative disorders. It has been demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces apoptosis largely through the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory mediators. In this study, we investigated the potential protective mechanisms of naringin (Nar), a pummelo peel extract, on LPS-induced PC12 cell apoptosis. Nar pre-conditioning prior to stimulation with LPS for 18 h was a prerequisite for evaluating PC12 cell viability and the protective mechanisms of Nar. Nar significantly improved cell survival in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. On the one hand, Nar downregulated cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), inhibited the release of ROS, mitigated the stimulation of oxidative stress, and rectified the antioxidant protein contents of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD)2 and glutathione synthetase (GSS). On the other hand, Nar down-regulated inflammatory gene and protein expression, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, HMGB1, high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) path way and downstream mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, activator protein transcription factor-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Moroever, Nar markedly attenuated the cytochrome c shift from the mitochondria to the cytosol and regulated caspase-3-related protein expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Nar in neuronal-like PC12 cells. These results suggest that Nar can be utilized as a potential drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Traffic Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - You Song Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Miao Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Rui Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
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Li W, Jiang D, Li Q, Yao S, Sun X, Yang Y, Meng Z, Liu W. Lipopolysaccharide–induced preconditioning protects against traumatic spinal cord injury by upregulating Nrf2 expression in rats. Life Sci 2016; 162:14-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Bayunova LV, Parnova RG, Avrova NF. Antiapoptotic effect of gangliosides on PC12 cells exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093015020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Resveratrol and fish oil reduce catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats: role of oxidative stress in the myocardium and aorta. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:1580-90. [PMID: 23551926 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513000925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The exact mechanisms of the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular events are not yet fully understood; however, oxidative stress may be involved. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resveratrol and fish oil on catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats. To begin with, rats were divided into five groups: (1) lean, (2) obese, (3) obese supplemented with resveratrol, (4) obese supplemented with fish oil and (5) obese supplemented with resveratrol and fish oil (n 18 rats per group), for 2 months. After supplementation, the groups were subdivided as with (n 10) and without (n 8) cardiovascular catecholaminergic stress after isoproterenol (60 mg/kg) injection. At 24 h later, the survival rate was analysed. The obese group showed lower survival rates (10 %) when compared with the lean group (70 %). On the other hand, resveratrol (50 %) and fish oil (40 %) increased the survival rate of obese rats (χ(2) test, P= 0·019). Biochemical analyses of the myocardium and aorta revealed that obese rats had higher levels of superoxide and oxidative damage to lipids and protein. This was associated with reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in both the myocardium and aorta. The supplementation increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced oxidative damage. We also evaluated the nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 antioxidant pathway. Nrf2 protein levels that were reduced in obese rats were increased by the antioxidant treatment. Taken together, these results showed that resveratrol and fish oil reduce catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats, partly through the reduction of oxidative stress.
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Nishio K, Horie M, Akazawa Y, Shichiri M, Iwahashi H, Hagihara Y, Yoshida Y, Niki E. Attenuation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytotoxicity by tocopherols and tocotrienols. Redox Biol 2013; 1:97-103. [PMID: 24024142 PMCID: PMC3757666 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces host inflammatory responses and tissue injury and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various age-related diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, vascular diseases, and periodontal disease. Antioxidants, particularly vitamin E, have been shown to suppress oxidative stress induced by LPS, but the previous studies with different vitamin E isoforms gave inconsistent results. In the present study, the protective effects of α- and γ-tocopherols and α- and γ-tocotrienols on the oxidative stress induced by LPS against human lung carcinoma A549 cells were studied. They suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen formation, lipid peroxidation, induction of inflammatory mediator cytokines, and cell death. Tocopherols were incorporated into cultured cells much slower than tocotrienols but could suppress LPS-induced oxidative stress at much lower intracellular concentration than tocotrienols. Considering the bioavailability, it was concluded that α-tocopherol may exhibit the highest protective capacity among the vitamin E isoforms against LPS-induced oxidative stress.
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Key Words
- DCFH, Dichlorofluorescein
- DPPP, Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine
- LPS, Lipopolysaccharide
- Lipid peroxidation
- Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
- MTT, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-dipheyltetrazolium bromide
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor-kappaB
- Oxidative stress
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- SP-D, Pulmonary surfactant protein D
- TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor α
- Toc, Tocopherol
- Toc3, Tocotrienol
- Tocopherol
- Tocotrienol
- Vitamin E
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Nishio
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Ikeda 563-8577, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Etsuo Niki
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Ikeda 563-8577, Japan
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Li WC, Jiang DM, Hu N, Qi XT, Qiao B, Luo XJ. Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning attenuates neuroapoptosis and improves functional recovery through activation of Nrf2 in traumatic spinal cord injury rats. Int J Neurosci 2013; 123:240-7. [DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2012.755181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Bayunova LV, Vlasova YA, Sokolova TV, Zakharova IO, Parnova RG, Avrova NF. The protective effect of GD1a ganglioside and inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase after the application of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to PC12 cells. NEUROCHEM J+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712412040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Kong D, Kotraiah V. Modulation of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity affects (±)-4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal (HNE) toxicity and HNE-protein adduct levels in PC12 cells. J Mol Neurosci 2011; 47:595-603. [PMID: 22170038 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-011-9688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known to be one of the major factors underlying Parkinson's disease (PD). One of the consequences of oxidative stress is lipid peroxidation. A toxic product of lipid peroxidation, (±)-4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal (HNE) leads to membrane disruption and formation of HNE-protein adducts and such adducts have been detected in PD brain tissues. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are involved in metabolizing HNE and other endogenous aldehydes. Interestingly, the cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) has been reported to be down-regulated in brain tissues affected in PD which could result in enhancement of HNE toxicity. We sought to first establish the role of ALDH1A1 in mediating HNE toxicity in PC12 cells by overexpressing ALDH1A1 and by using disulfiram, an ALDH inhibitor. Overexpression and inhibition of ALDH1A1 activity resulted in reduced and increased HNE toxicity, respectively. We then established conditions for detecting HNE-protein adducts following HNE treatment and showed that overexpression and inhibition of ALDH activity resulted in reduced and increased formation of HNE-protein adducts, respectively. We also show that 6-methyl-2-(phenylazo)-3-pyridinol, previously identified as an activator of ALDH1A1, can protect PC12 cells against HNE-mediated toxicity and can cause a small but significant decrease in levels of HNE-protein adducts. Our results should encourage identification of more potent ALDH activators and their testing in the PC12-HNE model. Such cytoprotective compounds could then be tested for their neuroprotective activity in in vivo models of oxidative stress-induced PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehe Kong
- Exonhit Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
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Stabilization of Nrf2 by tBHQ prevents LPS-induced apoptosis in differentiated PC12 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 354:97-112. [PMID: 21461609 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory reaction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the neurodegenerative disorders. tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory action. In this study, we tried to elucidate possible effects of tBHQ on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory reaction and its underlying mechanism in neuron-like PC12 cells. tBHQ inhibited LPS-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevation of intracellular calcium level. It also inhibited LPS-induced cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), TNF-α, nuclear factor KappaB (NF-kB), and caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner while stabilizing nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2. Moreover, the phosphorylations of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK were suppressed by tBHQ. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of tBHQ might result from inhibition of COX-2 and TNF-α expression, inhibition of NF-kB nuclear translocation along with suppression of MAP kinases (p38, ERK1/2, and JNK) phosphorylation in PC12 cells, so may be a useful agent for prevention of inflammatory diseases.
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Lee IS, Lim J, Gal J, Kang JC, Kim HJ, Kang BY, Choi HJ. Anti-inflammatory activity of xanthohumol involves heme oxygenase-1 induction via NRF2-ARE signaling in microglial BV2 cells. Neurochem Int 2011; 58:153-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Liu Y, Chan F, Sun H, Yan J, Fan D, Zhao D, An J, Zhou D. Resveratrol protects human keratinocytes HaCaT cells from UVA-induced oxidative stress damage by downregulating Keap1 expression. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 650:130-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Eldh M, Ekström K, Valadi H, Sjöstrand M, Olsson B, Jernås M, Lötvall J. Exosomes communicate protective messages during oxidative stress; possible role of exosomal shuttle RNA. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15353. [PMID: 21179422 PMCID: PMC3003701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes are small extracellular nanovesicles of endocytic origin that mediate different signals between cells, by surface interactions and by shuttling functional RNA from one cell to another. Exosomes are released by many cells including mast cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, epithelial cells and tumour cells. Exosomes differ compared to their donor cells, not only in size, but also in their RNA, protein and lipid composition. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, we show that exosomes, released by mouse mast cells exposed to oxidative stress, differ in their mRNA content. Also, we show that these exosomes can influence the response of other cells to oxidative stress by providing recipient cells with a resistance against oxidative stress, observed as an attenuated loss of cell viability. Furthermore, Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed that the exosomal mRNA content not only differs between exosomes and donor cells, but also between exosomes derived from cells grown under different conditions; oxidative stress and normal conditions. Finally, we also show that exposure to UV-light affects the biological functions associated with exosomes released under oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These results argue that the exosomal shuttle of RNA is involved in cell-to-cell communication, by influencing the response of recipient cells to an external stress stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eldh
- Krefting Research Centre, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Ekström
- Krefting Research Centre, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hadi Valadi
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareta Sjöstrand
- Krefting Research Centre, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bob Olsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareta Jernås
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research Centre, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Clement HW, Vazquez JF, Sommer O, Heiser P, Morawietz H, Hopt U, Schulz E, von Dobschütz E. Lipopolysaccharide-induced radical formation in the striatum is abolished in Nox2 gp91phox-deficient mice. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 117:13-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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