1
|
Fraga CG, Trostchansky A, Rocha BS, Laranjinha J, Rubbo H, Galleano M. (Poly)phenols and nitrolipids: Relevant participants in nitric oxide metabolism. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101158. [PMID: 36517273 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (•NO) is an essential molecule able to control and regulate many biological functions. Additionally, •NO bears a potential toxicity or damaging effects under conditions of uncontrolled production, and because of its participation in redox-sensitive pathways and oxidizing reactions. Several plant (poly)phenols present in the diet are able to regulate the enzymes producing •NO (NOSs). In addition, (poly)phenols are implicated in defining •NO bioavailability, especially by regulating NADPH oxidases (NOXs), and the subsequent generation of superoxide and •NO depletion. Nitrolipids are compounds that are present in animal tissues because of dietary consumption, e.g. of olive oil, and/or as result of endogenous production. This endogenous production of nitrolipids is dependent on the nitrate/nitrite presence in the diet. Select nitrolipids, e.g. the nitroalkenes, are able to exert •NO-like signaling actions, and act as •NO reservoirs, becoming relevant for systemic •NO bioavailability. Furthermore, the presence of (poly)phenols in the stomach reduces dietary nitrite to •NO favoring nitrolipids formation. In this review we focus on the capacity of molecules representing these two groups of bioactives, i.e. (poly)phenols and nitrolipids, as relevant participants in •NO metabolism and bioavailability. This participation acquires especial relevance when human homeostasis is lost, for example under inflammatory conditions, in which the protective actions of (poly)phenols and/or nitrolipids have been associated with local and systemic •NO bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- César G Fraga
- Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular-Dr. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Barbara S Rocha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Homero Rubbo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Monica Galleano
- Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular-Dr. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Synthesis of Amino-Acid-Based Nitroalkenes. ORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/org3020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty-acid-based nitroalkenes have recently received great attention because of their bioactivities. On the contrary, peptide- or amino-acid-based nitroalkenes have been scarcely explored so far, although they may exhibit interesting biological properties, for example, as enzyme inhibitors. In this work, we study protocols for the efficient synthesis of nitroalkenes based on natural amino acids. A variety of N-protected amino alcohols and Weinreb amides, derived from α-amino acids, were converted to the corresponding N-protected amino aldehydes, and, through a Henry reaction with nitroalkanes, produced the corresponding nitro alcohols. The subsequent elimination reaction led to the (E)-isomer of amino-acid-based nitroalkenes in moderate to high yields.
Collapse
|
3
|
Trostchansky A, Wood I, Rubbo H. Regulation of arachidonic acid oxidation and metabolism by lipid electrophiles. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 152:106482. [PMID: 33007446 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is a precursor of enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidized products such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, lipoxins, and isoprostanes. These products may exert signaling or damaging roles during physiological and pathological conditions, some of them being markers of oxidative stress linked to inflammation. Recent data support the concept that cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) followed by cytosolic and microsomal dehydrogenases can convert AA to lipid-derived electrophiles (LDE). Lipid-derived electrophiles are fatty acid derivatives bearing an electron-withdrawing group that can react with nucleophiles at proteins, DNA, and small antioxidant molecules exerting potent signaling properties. This review aims to describe the formation, sources, and electrophilic anti-inflammatory actions of key mammalian LDE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Irene Wood
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Homero Rubbo
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wood I, Trostchansky A, Xu Y, Qian S, Radi R, Rubbo H. Free radical-dependent inhibition of prostaglandin endoperoxide H Synthase-2 by nitro-arachidonic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 144:176-182. [PMID: 30922958 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) is a heme-enzyme responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). PGHS have both oxygenase (COX) and peroxidase (POX) activities and is present in two isoforms (PGHS-1 and -2) expressed in different tissues and cell conditions. It has been reported that PGHS activity is inhibited by the nitrated form of AA, nitro-arachidonic acid (NO2AA), which in turn could be synthesized by PGHS under nitro-oxidative conditions. Specifically, NO2AA inhibits COX in PGHS-1 as well as POX in both PGHS-1 and -2, in a dose and time-dependent manner. NO2AA inhibition involves lowering the binding stability and displacing the heme group from the active site. However, the complete mechanism remains to be understood. This review describes the interactions of PGHS with NO2AA, focusing on mechanisms of inhibition and nitration. In addition, using a novel approach combining EPR-spin trapping and mass spectrometry, we described possible intermediates formed during PGHS-2 catalysis and inhibition. This literature revision as well as the results presented here strongly suggest a free radical-dependent inhibitory mechanism of PGHS-2 by NO2AA. This is of relevance towards understanding the underlying mechanism of inhibition of PGHS by NO2AA and its anti-inflammatory potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Wood
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yi Xu
- College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Steven Qian
- College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Homero Rubbo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Melo T, Montero-Bullón JF, Domingues P, Domingues MR. Discovery of bioactive nitrated lipids and nitro-lipid-protein adducts using mass spectrometry-based approaches. Redox Biol 2019; 23:101106. [PMID: 30718106 PMCID: PMC6859590 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FA) undergo reversible Michael adduction reactions with cysteine and histidine residues leading to the post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins. This electrophilic character of NO2-FA is strictly related to their biological roles. The NO2-FA-induced PTM of signaling proteins can lead to modifications in protein structure, function, and subcellular localization. The nitro lipid-protein adducts trigger a series of downstream signaling events that culminates with anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, and cytoprotective effects mediated by NO2-FA. These lipoxidation adducts have been detected and characterized both in model systems and in biological samples by using mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches. These MS approaches allow to unequivocally identify the adduct together with the targeted residue of modification. The identification of the modified proteins allows inferring on the possible impact of the NO2-FA-induced modification. This review will focus on MS-based approaches as valuable tools to identify NO2-FA-protein adducts and to unveil the biological effect of this lipoxidation adducts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Melo
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Javier-Fernando Montero-Bullón
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Melo T, Marques SS, Ferreira I, Cruz MT, Domingues P, Segundo MA, Domingues MRM. New Insights into the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Nitrated Phospholipids. Lipids 2018; 53:117-131. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Sara S. Marques
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Isabel Ferreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC); University of Coimbra; 3000-517 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC); University of Coimbra; 3000-517 Coimbra Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Marcela A. Segundo
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Trostchansky A, Rubbo H. Anti-inflammatory signaling actions of electrophilic nitro-arachidonic acid in vascular cells and astrocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 617:155-161. [PMID: 27720684 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitrated derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids (nitro-fatty acids) are being formed and detected in human plasma, cell membranes and tissue, triggering signaling cascades via covalent and reversible post-translational modifications of nucleophilic amino acids in transcriptional regulatory proteins. Arachidonic acid (AA) represents a precursor of potent signaling molecules, i.e., prostaglandins and thromboxanes through enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidative pathways. Arachidonic acid can be nitrated by reactive nitrogen species leading to the formation of nitro-arachidonic acid (NO2-AA). A critical issue is the influence of NO2-AA on prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases, modulating inflammatory processes through redirection of AA metabolism and signaling. In this prospective article, we describe the key chemical and biochemical actions of NO2-AA in vascular and astrocytes. This includes the ability of NO2-AA to mediate unique redox signaling anti-inflammatory actions along with its therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Avda. General Flores 2125, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Homero Rubbo
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Avda. General Flores 2125, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gómez MA, Migues I, Caggiani M, Arias X, Laprovitera M, Blanco F, Cesio MV, Migliaro ER, Heinzen H. Vasorelaxant Effect of a Baccharis TrimeraInfusion on Precontracted Rat Aortic Rings. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC is a South American plant that in folk medicine is considered to produce reduction in blood pressure. One aspect of this putative effect is the vasorelaxation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of a B. trimera extract to relax rat aortic rings precontracted with noradrenaline. As the infusion is the usual way of intake of this plant, an infusion of B. trimera was prepared using 100g of the plant (leaves) boiled in water, frozen and lyophilized. Working solutions were prepared using different concentrations of the dried extract diluted in Krebs Henseleit solution. It was proved that the infusion relaxed the aortic rings in a dose dependent manner 100 minutes after adding the extract to the bath. Considering as 100% the maximum contraction achieved with noradrenaline, a relaxation of 101.1±2.3% was observed with the highest dose of the infusion used in these experiments (0.32mg/mL). While in control rings relaxation was 12.9±2.4%. In aortic rings denuded from endothelium the percentage of vasoralaxation did not show statistically significant differences when compared to intact rings. These data support the hypothesis of a vasorelaxant effect of this plant and constitutes the first approach to the scientific basis of a potential antihypertensive effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria. A Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Migues
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Maria Caggiani
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ximena Arias
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariajose Laprovitera
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Blanco
- Departamento de Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Maria Veronica Cesio
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo R. Migliaro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Horacio Heinzen
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, DQO, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Melo T, Domingues P, Ferreira R, Milic I, Fedorova M, Santos SM, Segundo MA, Domingues MRM. Recent Advances on Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Nitrated Phospholipids. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2622-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ivana Milic
- Institute
of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
- Center
for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Institute
of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
- Center
for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sérgio M. Santos
- Department
of Chemistry and CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marcela A. Segundo
- UCIBIO,
REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Rosário M. Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Villacorta L, Gao Z, Schopfer FJ, Freeman BA, Chen YE. Nitro-fatty acids in cardiovascular regulation and diseases: characteristics and molecular mechanisms. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2016; 21:873-89. [PMID: 26709810 DOI: 10.2741/4425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrophilic nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are endogenously formed by redox reactions of nitric oxide ((.)NO)- and nitrite ((.)NO2)- derived nitrogen dioxide with unsaturated fatty acids. Nitration preferentially occurs on polyunsaturated fatty acids with conjugated dienes under physiological or pathophysiological conditions such as during digestion, metabolism and as adaptive inflammatory processes. Nitro-fatty acids are present in free and esterified forms achieving broad biodistribution in humans and experimental models. Structural, functional and biological characterization of NO2-FAs has revealed clinically relevant protection from inflammatory injury in a number of cardiovascular, renal and metabolic experimental models. NO2-FAs are engaged in posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of a selective redox sensitive pool of proteins and regulate key adaptive signaling pathways involved in cellular homeostasis and inflammatory response. Here, we review and update the biosynthesis, metabolism and signaling actions of NO2-FAs, highlighting their diverse protective roles relevant to the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Villacorta
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,,
| | - Zhen Gao
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, E1343 Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, E1343 Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Celano L, Carabio C, Frache R, Cataldo N, Cerecetto H, González M, Thomson L. Arylnitroalkenes as scavengers of macrophage-generated oxidants. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
12
|
Trostchansky A, Bonilla L, González-Perilli L, Rubbo H. Nitro-fatty acids: formation, redox signaling, and therapeutic potential. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:1257-65. [PMID: 23256873 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Nitrated derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids (nitro-fatty acids) are being formed and detected in human plasma, cell membranes, and tissue, triggering signaling cascades via covalent and reversible post-translational modifications of susceptible nucleophilic amino acids in transcriptional regulatory proteins and enzymes. RECENT ADVANCES Nitro-fatty acids modulate metabolic as well as inflammatory signaling pathways, including the p65 subunit of nuclear factor κB and the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. Moreover, nitro-fatty acids can activate heat shock as well as phase II antioxidant responses. As electrophiles, they also activate the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway. CRITICAL ISSUES We first discuss the mechanisms of nitro-fatty acid formation as well as their key chemical and biochemical properties, including their capacity to release nitric oxide and exert antioxidant actions. The electrophilic properties of nitro-fatty acids to activate anti-inflammatory signaling pathways are discussed in detail. A critical issue is the influence of nitroarachidonic acid on prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases, modulating inflammatory processes through redirection of arachidonic acid metabolism and signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Based on this information, we analyze in vivo data supporting nitro-fatty acids as promising pharmacological tools to prevent inflammatory diseases associated with oxidative and nitrative stress conditions. A key future issue is to evaluate whether nitro-fatty acid supplementation would be useful for human diseases linked to inflammation as well as their potential toxicity when administered by long periods of time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Trostchansky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rubbo H. Nitro-fatty acids: novel anti-inflammatory lipid mediators. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:728-34. [PMID: 24068188 PMCID: PMC3854434 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20133202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids are formed and detected in human plasma, cell membranes, and
tissue, modulating metabolic as well as inflammatory signaling pathways. Here we
discuss the mechanisms of nitro-fatty acid formation as well as their key
chemical and biochemical properties. The electrophilic properties of nitro-fatty
acids to activate anti-inflammatory signaling pathways are discussed in detail.
A critical issue is the influence of nitroarachidonic acid on prostaglandin
endoperoxide H synthases, redirecting arachidonic acid metabolism and signaling.
We also analyze in vivo data supporting nitro-fatty acids as
promising pharmacological tools to prevent inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Rubbo
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Radical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lipoxidation adducts with peptides and proteins: deleterious modifications or signaling mechanisms? J Proteomics 2013; 92:110-31. [PMID: 23770299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein lipoxidation refers to the modification by electrophilic lipid oxidation products to form covalent adducts, which for many years has been considered as a deleterious consequence of oxidative stress. Oxidized lipids or phospholipids containing carbonyl moieties react readily with lysine to form Schiff bases; alternatively, oxidation products containing α,β-unsaturated moieties are susceptible to nucleophilic attack by cysteine, histidine or lysine residues to yield Michael adducts, overall corresponding to a large number of possible protein adducts. The most common detection methods for lipoxidized proteins take advantage of the presence of reactive carbonyl groups to add labels, or use antibodies. These methods have limitations in terms of specificity and identification of the modification site. The latter question is satisfactorily addressed by mass spectrometry, which enables the characterization of the adduct structure. This has allowed the identification of lipoxidized proteins in physiological and pathological situations. While in many cases lipoxidation interferes with protein function, causing inhibition of enzymatic activity and increased immunogenicity, there are a small number of cases where lipoxidation results in gain of function or activity. For certain proteins lipoxidation may represent a form of redox signaling, although more work is required to confirm the physiological relevance and mechanisms of such processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Posttranslational Protein modifications in biology and Medicine.
Collapse
|
15
|
Bonilla L, O‘Donnell V, Clark S, Rubbo H, Trostchansky A. Regulation of protein kinase C by nitroarachidonic acid: Impact on human platelet activation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2013; 533:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
16
|
Ma F, Gao Y, Qiao H, Hu X, Chang J. Antiplatelet activity of 3-butyl-6-bromo-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone on rat platelet aggregation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2011; 33:64-73. [PMID: 22057435 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-011-0647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|