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Lee WJ, Lin KH, Wang JS, Sheu WHH, Shen CC, Yang CN, Wu SM, Shen LW, Lee SH, Lai DW, Lan KL, Tung CW, Liu SH, Sheu ML. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor deficiency augments dysregulated microangiogenesis and diabetic retinopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113725. [PMID: 36152407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a pathophysiologic vasculopathic process with obscure mechanisms and limited effective therapeutic strategies. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an important regulator of xenobiotic metabolism and an environmental sensor. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of AhR in the development of DR and elucidate the molecular mechanism of its downregulation. DR was evaluated in diabetes-induced retinal injury in wild type and AhR knockout (AhR-/-) mice. Retinal expression of AhR was determined in human donor and mice eyes by immunofluorescence since AhR activity was examined in diabetes. AhR knockout (AhRKO) mice were used to induce diabetes with streptozotocin, high-fat diet, or genetic double knockout with diabetes spontaneous mutation (Leprdb) (DKO; AhR-/-×Leprdb/db) for investigating structural, functional, and metabolic abnormalities in vascular and epithelial retina. Structural molecular docking simulation was used to survey the pharmacologic AhR agonists targeting phosphorylated AhR (Tyr245). Compared to diabetic control mice, diabetic AhRKO mice had aggravated alterations in retinal vasculature that amplified hallmark features of DR like vasopermeability, vascular leakage, inflammation, blood-retinal barrier breakdown, capillary degeneration, and neovascularization. AhR agonists effectively inhibited inflammasome formation and promoted AhR activity in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells and pigment epithelial cells. AhR activity and protein expression was downregulated, resulting in a decrease in DNA promoter binding site of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) by gene regulation in transcriptional cascade. This was reversed by AhR agonists. Our study identified a novel of DR model that target the protective AhR/PEDF axis can potentially maintain retinal vascular homeostasis, providing opportunities to delay the development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Shen
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ning Yang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Mao Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Lai
- Experimental Animal Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Li Lan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Tung
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Hou X, Li L, Chen S, Ge C, Shen M, Fu Z. MKP-1 Overexpression Reduces Postischemic Myocardial Damage through Attenuation of ER Stress and Mitochondrial Damage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8905578. [PMID: 34512872 PMCID: PMC8433005 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8905578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contribute to postischemic myocardial damage, but the upstream regulatory mechanisms have not been identified. In this study, we analyzed the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) in the regulation of mitochondrial function and ER stress in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. Our results show that MKP-1 overexpression sustains viability and reduces hypoxia-induced apoptosis among H9C2 cardiomyocytes. MKP-1 overexpression attenuates ER stress and expression of ER stress genes and improves mitochondrial function in hypoxia-treated H9C2 cells. MKP-1 overexpression also increases ATP production and mitochondrial respiration and attenuates mitochondrial oxidative damage in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. Moreover, our results demonstrate that ERK and JNK are the downstream signaling targets of MKP-1 and that MKP-1 overexpression activates ERK, while it inhibits JNK. Inhibition of ERK reduces the ability of MKP-1 to preserve mitochondrial function and ER homeostasis in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. These results show that MKP-1 plays an essential role in the regulation of mitochondrial function and ER stress in hypoxic H9C2 cardiomyocytes through normalization of the ERK pathway and suggest that MKP-1 may serve as a novel target for the treatment of postischemic myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Hou
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Li
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, China
| | - Cheng Ge
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, China
| | - Mingzhi Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, China
| | - Zhenhong Fu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yu W, Li S, Wu H, Hu P, Chen L, Zeng C, Tong X. Endothelial Nox4 dysfunction aggravates atherosclerosis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and soluble epoxide hydrolase. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:44-57. [PMID: 33418110 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Our previous findings have demonstrated the protective effect of endothelial Nox4-based NADPH oxidase on atherosclerosis. One of the possible mechanisms is the inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a proinflammatory and atherogenic factor. Our goal was to investigate whether in vivo inhibition of sEH by 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU) alleviates endothelial Nox4 dysfunction caused atherosclerosis and the regulatory mechanism of endothelial Nox4 on sEH. METHODS & results: We used endothelial human Nox4 dominant-negative (EDN) transgenic mice in ApoE deficient background to mimic the dysfunction of endothelial Nox4 in atherosclerosis-prone conditions. In EDN aortic endothelium, sEH and the inflammatory marker vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) were upregulated. TPPU reduced atherosclerotic lesions in EDN mice. In EDN endothelial cells (ECs), the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers (BIP, IRE1α, phosphorylation of PERK, ATF6) were upregulated, and they can be suppressed by ER stress inhibitor 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA). In EDN ECs, 4-PBA downregulated the expression of sEH and VCAM1, suppressed inflammation, and its application in vivo reduced atherosclerotic lesions of EDN mice. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial Nox4 dysfunction upregulated sEH to enhance inflammation, probably by its induction of ER stress. Inhibition of ER stress or sEH is beneficial to alleviate atherosclerosis caused by endothelial Nox4 dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Pingping Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Wuhan Easy Diagnosis Biomedicine Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430075, China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
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Sheu WHH, Lin KH, Wang JS, Lai DW, Lee WJ, Lin FY, Chen PH, Chen CH, Yeh HY, Wu SM, Shen CC, Lee MR, Liu SH, Sheu ML. Therapeutic Potential of Tpl2 (Tumor Progression Locus 2) Inhibition on Diabetic Vasculopathy Through the Blockage of the Inflammasome Complex. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:e46-e62. [PMID: 33176446 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic retinopathy, one of retinal vasculopathy, is characterized by retinal inflammation, vascular leakage, blood-retinal barrier breakdown, and neovascularization. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to diabetic retinopathy progression remain unclear. Approach and Results: Tpl2 (tumor progression locus 2) is a protein kinase implicated in inflammation and pathological vascular angiogenesis. Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and inflammatory cytokines levels in human sera and in several diabetic murine models were detected by ELISA, whereas liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was used for whole eye tissues. The CML and p-Tpl2 expressions on the human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells were determined by immunofluorescence. Intravitreal injection of pharmacological inhibitor or NA (neutralizing antibody) was used in a diabetic rat model. Retinal leukostasis, optical coherence tomography, and H&E staining were used to observe pathological features. Sera of diabetic retinopathy patients had significantly increased CML levels that positively correlated with diabetic retinopathy severity and foveal thickness. CML and p-Tpl2 expressions also significantly increased in the RPE of both T1DM and T2DM diabetes animal models. Mechanistic studies on RPE revealed that CML-induced Tpl2 activation and NADPH oxidase, and inflammasome complex activation were all effectively attenuated by Tpl2 inhibition. Tpl2 inhibition by NA also effectively reduced inflammatory/angiogenic factors, retinal leukostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and RPE secretion of inflammatory cytokines. The attenuated release of angiogenic factors led to inhibited vascular abnormalities in the diabetic animal model. CONCLUSIONS The inhibition of Tpl2 can block the inflammasome signaling pathway in RPE and has potential clinical and therapeutic implications in diabetes-associated retinal microvascular dysfunction.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Databases, Factual
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
- Diabetic Retinopathy/enzymology
- Diabetic Retinopathy/etiology
- Diabetic Retinopathy/pathology
- Diabetic Retinopathy/prevention & control
- Female
- Humans
- Inflammasomes/antagonists & inhibitors
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Pregnancy
- Prospective Studies
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Retinal Neovascularization/enzymology
- Retinal Neovascularization/etiology
- Retinal Neovascularization/pathology
- Retinal Neovascularization/prevention & control
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium/drug effects
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium/enzymology
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.-H.S., J.-S.W.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (W.H.-H.S., J.-S.W., D.-W.L., S.-M.W., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine (W.H.-H.S., J.-S.W.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (W.H.-H.S., J.-S.W., D.-W.L., S.-M.W., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (W.H.-H.S., J.-S.W., D.-W.L., S.-M.W., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yu Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chiayi Branch Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan (F.-Y.L.)
| | | | - Cheng-Hsu Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.C.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yeh
- Department of Nutrition and Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.)
| | - Sheng-Mao Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (W.H.-H.S., J.-S.W., D.-W.L., S.-M.W., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Shen
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.)
| | - Maw-Rong Lee
- Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.)
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (W.H.-H.S., J.-S.W., D.-W.L., S.-M.W., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu Y, Li Y, Zheng L, Wang P, Liu Y, Wu Y, Gong Z. The neurotoxicity of Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine in food processing by a study based on animal and organotypic cell culture. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110077. [PMID: 31864122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) is a potentially noxious compound that is causing widespread concern due to its use in various food products. In this study, we investigated CML neurotoxicity via an in vivo experiment with mice, and an in vitro experiment using a 3D microvascular network model (with human brain vascular endothelial cell and human astrocyte) that simulated the blood-brain barrier. We found that CML could induce cell survival status variations, and histopathological changes to the brain. In addition, CML increased levels of oxidative stress, prompted the protein expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE). CML up-regulated both the gene expression of RAGE, the activating protein-1 (AP-1), the inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular cell adhesion molecule1 (VCAM-1), monocyte chemotactic protein1 (MCP-1). We, therefore, postulated that CML has the potential to deleteriously affect the nervous system through oxidative stress and that activation of the p38 MAPK-AP-1 signaling pathway might be implicated in this pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Liangqing Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - ZhiYong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China.
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6
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Wang YX, Xu H, Liu X, Liu L, Wu YN, Gong ZY. Studies on mechanism of free Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine-induced toxic injury in mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22322. [PMID: 30924232 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), which is a compound produced when food is processed, has aroused concern in recent years because of its potentially dangerous effects. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of free CML-induced toxic injury in mice. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mRNA expression levels of CML-infected mice liver and kidney tissues significantly increased. While CML receptor-receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) protein expression in male mice liver tissue had a more significant change than the control group, there was no significant difference in other dose groups compared with the control group. In conclusion, the foodborne free CML can be induced by oxidative stress and immune response to liver and kidney tissue injury in mice. Additionally, the free CML may also bind to RAGE, which activates the downstream inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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7
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The Emerging Role of Estrogens in Thyroid Redox Homeostasis and Carcinogenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2514312. [PMID: 30728883 PMCID: PMC6343143 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2514312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the most critical class of free radicals or reactive metabolites produced by all living organisms. ROS regulate several cellular functions through redox-dependent mechanisms, including proliferation, differentiation, hormone synthesis, and stress defense response. However, ROS overproduction or lack of appropriate detoxification is harmful to cells and can be linked to the development of several diseases, such as cancer. Oxidative damage in cellular components, especially in DNA, can promote the malignant transformation that has already been described in thyroid tissue. In thyrocyte physiology, NADPH oxidase enzymes produce large amounts of ROS that are necessary for hormone biosynthesis and might contribute to the high spontaneous mutation rate found in this tissue. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its incidence is significantly higher in women than in men. Several lines of evidence suggest the sex hormone estrogen as a risk factor for thyroid cancer development. Estrogen in turn, besides being a potent growth factor for both normal and tumor thyroid cells, regulates different mechanisms of ROS generation. Our group demonstrated that the thyroid gland of adult female rats exhibits higher hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and lower enzymatic antioxidant defense in comparison with male glands. In this review, we discuss the possible involvement of thyroid redox homeostasis and estrogen in the development of thyroid carcinogenesis.
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8
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Fabisiak A. Modulation of Gut Microbiota by Maillard Reaction Products in Intestinal Inflammation: Are We What We Eat? Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:3261-3262. [PMID: 29030745 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4796-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Fabisiak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Łódź, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
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9
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Lai DW, Lin KH, Sheu WHH, Lee MR, Chen CY, Lee WJ, Hung YW, Shen CC, Chung TJ, Liu SH, Sheu ML. TPL2 (Therapeutic Targeting Tumor Progression Locus-2)/ATF4 (Activating Transcription Factor-4)/SDF1α (Chemokine Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-α) Axis Suppresses Diabetic Retinopathy. Circ Res 2017; 121:e37-e52. [PMID: 28724746 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Diabetic retinopathy is characterized by vasopermeability, vascular leakage, inflammation, blood-retinal barrier breakdown, capillary degeneration, and neovascularization. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between diabetes mellitus and progression retinopathy remain unclear. OBJECTIVE TPL2 (tumor progression locus 2), a serine-threonine protein kinase, exerts a pathological effect on vascular angiogenesis. This study investigated the role of Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, a major advanced glycation end products, and the involved TPL2-related molecular signals in diabetic retinopathy using models of in vitro and in vivo and human samples. METHODS AND RESULTS Serum Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine levels and TPL2 kinase activity were significantly increased in clinical patients and experimental animals with diabetic retinopathy. Intravitreal administration of pharmacological blocker or neutralizing antibody inhibited TPL2 and effectively suppressed the pathological characteristics of retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animal models. Intravitreal VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) neutralization also suppressed the diabetic retinopathy in diabetic animal models. Mechanistic studies in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells and primary retinal microvascular endothelial cells from streptozotocin-diabetic rats, db/db mice, and samples from patients with diabetic retinopathy revealed a positive parallel correlation between Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine and the TPL2/chemokine SDF1α (stromal cell-derived factor-α) axis that is dependent on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related molecules, especially ATF4 (activating transcription factor-4). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that inhibiting the Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine-induced TPL2/ATF4/SDF1α axis can effectively prevent diabetes mellitus-mediated retinal microvascular dysfunction. This signaling axis may include the therapeutic potential for other diseases involving pathological neovascularization or macular edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wei Lai
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Maw-Rong Lee
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Yi-Wen Hung
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Chin-Chang Shen
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Tsung-Ju Chung
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.)
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- From the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (D.-W.L., M.-L.S.), Department of Chemistry (M.-R.L., C.-Y.C.), Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine (K.-H.L., W.H.-H.S., M.-L.S.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology (K.-H.L.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (W.H.-H.S.), and Department of Medical Research (W.-J.L., Y.-W.H., M.-L.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan (C.-C.S.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan (T.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-H.L.); and Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (S.-H.L.).
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10
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Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a crucial substrate for thyroid peroxidase, a key enzyme involved in thyroid hormone synthesis. However, as a potent oxidant, H2O2 might also be responsible for the high level of oxidative DNA damage observed in thyroid tissues, such as DNA base lesions and strand breakages, which promote chromosomal instability and contribute to the development of tumours. Although the role of H2O2 in thyroid hormone synthesis is well established, its precise mechanisms of action in pathological processes are still under investigation. The NADPH oxidase/dual oxidase family are the only oxidoreductases whose primary function is to produce reactive oxygen species. As such, the function and expression of these enzymes are tightly regulated. Thyrocytes express dual oxidase 2, which produces most of the H2O2 for thyroid hormone synthesis. Thyrocytes also express dual oxidase 1 and NADPH oxidase 4, but the roles of these enzymes are still unknown. Here, we review the structure, expression, localization and function of these enzymes. We focus on their potential role in thyroid cancer, which is characterized by increased expression of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabii Ameziane-El-Hassani
- Institut Gustave Roussy, UMR 8200 CNRS, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif F-94805, France
- Unité de Biologie et de Recherche Médicale, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires, BP 1382, Rabat M-10001, Morocco
| | - Martin Schlumberger
- Institut Gustave Roussy, UMR 8200 CNRS, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif F-94805, France
- University Paris-Saclay, Orsay F-91400, France
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- Institut Gustave Roussy, UMR 8200 CNRS, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif F-94805, France
- University Paris-Saclay, Orsay F-91400, France
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11
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Liu XH, Zhang QY, Pan LL, Liu SY, Xu P, Luo XL, Zou SL, Xin H, Qu LF, Zhu YZ. NADPH oxidase 4 contributes to connective tissue growth factor expression through Smad3-dependent signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:174-84. [PMID: 26945889 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling has been implicated in connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling. However, detailed mechanisms underlying the process remain unclear. In present study, we demonstrated TGF-β1 strongly induced CTGF expression, Smad3 activation, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) expression and increased ROS production in primary rat VSMC in vitro. NADPH oxidases inhibitor diphenylene iodonium (DPI) eliminated TGF-β1-induced CTGF expression and ROS generation. In addition, small-interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing of Smad3 or Nox4 significantly suppressed TGF-β1-mediated CTGF expression in VSMC. Furthermore, Nox4 silencing or inhibition eliminated TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation and interaction between Nox4 and Smad3. In vivo studies further identified a positive correlation of Nox4 levels with Smad3 activation and CTGF expression in atherosclerotic arteries of patients and animal models. These data established that a novel mechanistic link of Nox4-dependent activation of Smad3 to increased TGF-β1-induced CTGF in the process of vascular remodeling, which suggested a new potential pathway for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hua Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiu-Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Si-Yu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Si-Li Zou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Hong Xin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Le-Feng Qu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Yi-Zhun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
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12
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Toxicological evaluation of advanced glycation end product Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine: Acute and subacute oral toxicity studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 77:65-74. [PMID: 26921796 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) as a novel potential noxious compound in various food products has aroused extensive concern in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the oral acute and subacute toxicity of CML in mice as per OECD 420 and 407 guidelines. Acute administration of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg CML did not induce any mortality within 14 days, nevertheless some toxicological symptoms and histopathological changes were observed. The estimated LD50 of CML was >5000 mg/kg. In subacute toxicity test, CML was dosed at 200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg in both genders for 28 days. The body weights reduced which was accompanied with the decrease of food consumptions. Hematology parameters viz. RBC, HGB and MCH showed minor alteration but these were still within normal range. Biochemical analysis of hepatic and renal function markers showed significant elevating in AST, ALT, Cr and BUN etc. Histopathological alterations were observed in lung, liver, kidney and spleen. Subacute toxicity of CML involved oxidative stress caused by reducing antioxidant enzyme (SOD and GSH-Px) activities, and significantly increasing lipid peroxide (MDA) level. In conclusion, CML was unlikely to present an acute hazard, but repeated administration could produce deleterious effects on mice especially inducing liver and kidney damage through oxidative stress.
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13
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Lee WJ, Liu SH, Chiang CK, Lin SY, Liang KW, Chen CH, Tien HR, Chen PH, Wu JP, Tsai YC, Lai DW, Chang YC, Sheu WHH, Sheu ML. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Deficiency Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Related Mesangial Cell Activation and Macrophage Infiltration and Extracellular Matrix Accumulation in Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:217-231. [PMID: 26415004 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Activation of glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) and functional changes of renal tubular cells are due to metabolic abnormalities, oxidative stress, and matrix accumulation in the diabetic nephropathy (DN). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation has been implicated in DN. In this study, we investigated the role of AhR in the pathophysiological processes of DN using AhR knockout (AhRKO) and pharmacological inhibitor α-naphthoflavone mouse models. RESULTS The increased blood glucose, glucose intolerance, MC activation, macrophage infiltration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation were significantly attenuated in AhRKO mice with diabetic inducer streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. AhR deficiency by genetic knockout or pharmacological inhibition also decreased the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, NADPH oxidase activity, and N-ɛ-carboxymethyllysine (CML, a major advanced glycation end product) in STZ-induced diabetic mice. CML showed remarkably increased AhR/COX-2 DNA-binding activity, protein-DNA interactions, gene regulation, and ECM formation in MCs and renal proximal tubular cells, which could be reversed by siRNA-AhR transfection. CML-increased AhR nuclear translocation and biological activity in MCs and renal proximal tubular cells could also be effectively attenuated by antioxidants. INNOVATION We elucidate for the first time that AhR plays an important role in MC activation, macrophage infiltration, and ECM accumulation in DN conferred by oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS AhR-regulated COX-2/PGE2 expression and ECM deposition through oxidative stress cascade is involved in the CML-triggered MC activation and macrophage infiltration. These findings suggest new insights into the development of therapeutic approaches to reduce diabetic microvascular complications. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 24, 217-231.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jane Lee
- 1 Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- 2 Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan .,3 Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- 2 Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan .,4 Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- 5 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- 6 Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsu Chen
- 7 Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Chiayi, Taiwan .,8 Department of Life Science, Tunghai University , Taichung, Taiwan .,9 School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan .,10 Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Ru Tien
- 11 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chen
- 1 Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pey Wu
- 1 Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Tsai
- 1 Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Lai
- 11 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Chang
- 11 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- 5 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan .,11 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan .,12 Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- 1 Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan .,11 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan .,12 Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan
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