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Jankó L, Tóth E, Laczik M, Rauch B, Janka E, Bálint BL, Bai P. PARP2 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) affecting NRF2 subcellular localization. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7869. [PMID: 37188809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35076-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP2 is a member of the PARP enzyme family. Although, PARP2 plays role in DNA repair, it has regulatory roles in mitochondrial and lipid metabolism, it has pivotal role in bringing about the adverse effects of pharmacological PARP inhibitors. Previously, we showed that the ablation of PARP2 induces oxidative stress and, consequently, mitochondrial fragmentation. In attempt to identify the source of the reactive species we assessed the possible role of a central regulator of cellular antioxidant defense, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). The silencing of PARP2 did not alter either the mRNA or the protein expression of NRF2, but changed its subcellular localization, decreasing the proportion of nuclear, active fraction of NRF2. Pharmacological inhibition of PARP2 partially restored the normal localization pattern of NRF2 and in line with that, we showed that NRF2 is PARylated that is absent in the cells in which PARP2 was silenced. Apparently, the PARylation of NRF2 by PARP2 has pivotal role in regulating the subcellular (nuclear) localization of NRF2. The silencing of PARP2 rearranged the expression of genes encoding proteins with antioxidant function, among these a subset of NRF2-dependent genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jankó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emese Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Laczik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Rauch
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Bálint L Bálint
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 7-9., Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group ELKH, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Almasoud N, Binhamdan S, Younis G, Alaskar H, Alotaibi A, Manikandan M, Alfayez M, Kassem M, AlMuraikhi N. Tankyrase inhibitor XAV-939 enhances osteoblastogenesis and mineralization of human skeletal (mesenchymal) stem cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16746. [PMID: 33028869 PMCID: PMC7541626 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tankyrase is part of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase superfamily required for numerous cellular and molecular processes. Tankyrase inhibition negatively regulates Wnt pathway. Thus, Tankyrase inhibitors have been extensively investigated for the treatment of clinical conditions associated with activated Wnt signaling such as cancer and fibrotic diseases. Moreover, Tankyrase inhibition has been recently reported to upregulate osteogenesis through the accumulation of SH3 domain-binding protein 2, an adaptor protein required for bone metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effect of Tankyrase inhibition in osteoblast differentiation of human skeletal (mesenchymal) stem cells (hMSCs). A Tankyrase inhibitor, XAV-939, identified during a functional library screening of small molecules. Alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin red staining were employed as markers for osteoblastic differentiation and in vitro mineralized matrix formation, respectively. Global gene expression profiling was performed using the Agilent microarray platform. XAV-939, a Tankyrase inhibitor, enhanced osteoblast differentiation of hBMSCs as evidenced by increased ALP activity, in vitro mineralized matrix formation, and upregulation of osteoblast-related gene expression. Global gene expression profiling of XAV-939-treated cells identified 847 upregulated and 614 downregulated mRNA transcripts, compared to vehicle-treated control cells. It also points towards possible changes in multiple signaling pathways, including TGFβ, insulin signaling, focal adhesion, estrogen metabolism, oxidative stress, RANK-RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand) signaling, Vitamin D synthesis, IL6, and cytokines and inflammatory responses. Further bioinformatic analysis, employing Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified significant enrichment in XAV-939-treated cells of functional categories and networks involved in TNF, NFκB, and STAT signaling. We identified a Tankyrase inhibitor (XAV-939) as a powerful enhancer of osteoblastic differentiation of hBMSC that may be useful as a therapeutic option for treating conditions associated with low bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuha Almasoud
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Binhamdan
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaydaa Younis
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanouf Alaskar
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Science Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alotaibi
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthurangan Manikandan
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaad Alfayez
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Odense and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nihal AlMuraikhi
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Michel LS, Dyroff S, Brooks FJ, Spayd KJ, Lim S, Engle JT, Phillips S, Tan B, Wang-Gillam A, Bognar C, Chu W, Zhou D, Mach RH, Laforest R, Chen DL. PET of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activity in Cancer: Preclinical Assessment and First In-Human Studies. Radiology 2016; 282:453-463. [PMID: 27841728 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2016161929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To demonstrate that positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine 18 (18F) fluorthanatrace (FTT) depicts activated poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase (PARP) expression and is feasible for clinical trial evaluation. Materials and Methods All studies were conducted prospectively from February 2012 through July 2015 under protocols approved by the local animal studies committee and institutional review board. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC, in g/mL· min) for 18F-FTT was assessed in normal mouse organs before and after treatment with olaparib (n = 14), a PARP inhibitor, or iniparib (n = 11), which has no PARP inhibitory activity. Murine biodistribution studies were performed to support human translational studies. Eight human subjects with cancer and eight healthy volunteers underwent imaging to verify the human radiation dosimetry of 18F-FTT. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess for differences among treatment groups for the mouse studies. Results In mice, olaparib, but not iniparib, significantly reduced the 18F-FTT AUC in the spine (median difference before and after treatment and interquartile range [IQR]: -17 g/mL· min and 10 g/mL · min, respectively [P = .0001], for olaparib and -3 g/mL · min and 13 g/mL · min [P = .70] for iniparib) and in nodes (median difference and interquartile range [IQR] before and after treatment: -23 g/mL · min and 13 g/mL · min [P = .0001] for olaparib; -9 g/mL · min and 17 g/mL · min [P = .05] for iniparib). The effective dose was estimated at 6.9 mSv for a 370-MBq 18F-FTT dose in humans. In humans, the organs with the highest uptake on images were the spleen and pancreas. Among five subjects with measurable tumors, increased 18F-FTT uptake was seen in one subject with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and another with liver cancer. Conclusion The results suggest that 18F-FTT uptake reflects PARP expression and that its radiation dosimetry profile is compatible with those of agents currently in clinical use. © RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren S Michel
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Samantha Dyroff
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Frank J Brooks
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Katherine J Spayd
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Sora Lim
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Jacquelyn T Engle
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Sharon Phillips
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Benjamin Tan
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Andrea Wang-Gillam
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Christopher Bognar
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Wenhua Chu
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Dong Zhou
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Robert H Mach
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Richard Laforest
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
| | - Delphine L Chen
- From the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (L.S.M.); Division of Radiological Sciences, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (S.D., F.J.B., K.J.S., J.T.E., S.P., C.B., W.C., D.Z., R.L., D.L.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (S.L., B.T., A.W.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8225, St Louis, MO 63110; and Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (R.H.M.)
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