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Neves B, Pérez-Sala D, Ferreira HB, Guerra IM, Moreira AS, Domingues P, Domingues MR, Melo T. Understanding the nitrolipidome: From chemistry to mass spectrometry and biological significance of modified complex lipids. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 87:101176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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2
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Oliveira MC, Yusupov M, Bogaerts A, Cordeiro RM. How do nitrated lipids affect the properties of phospholipid membranes? Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 695:108548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Advancing Target Identification of Nitrated Phospholipids in Biological Systems by HCD Specific Fragmentation Fingerprinting in Orbitrap Platforms. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092120. [PMID: 32369981 PMCID: PMC7248851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrated phospholipids have recently been detected in vitro and in vivo and associated with beneficial health effects. They were identified and quantified in biological samples by lipidomics methodologies using liquid chromatography-collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) acquired with the linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Only a few studies have used higher-energy collision dissociation (HCD)-MS/MS in high-resolution Orbitraps to characterize nitrated phosphatidylserines and nitrated cardiolipins, highlighting the marked differences in the fragmentation patterns when using CID or HCD fragmentation methods. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the fragmentation of nitrated phosphatidylcholine and nitrated phosphatidylethanolamine species under HCD-MS/MS. We studied the effect of normalized collision energy (NCE) in the fragmentation pattern to identify the best acquisition conditions and reporter ions to detect nitrated phospholipids. The results showed that the intensity of the typical neutral loss of nitrous acid (HNO2) diminishes with increasing NCE, becoming non-detectable for a higher NCE. Thus, the loss of HNO2 could not be the most suitable ion/fragment for the characterization of nitrated phospholipids under HCD. In HCD-MS/MS new fragment ions were identified, corresponding to the nitrated fatty acyl chains, NO2-RCOO−, (NO2-RCOOH-H2O + H)+, and (NO2-RCOOH + H)+, suggested as potential reporter ions to detect nitrated phospholipids when using the HCD-MS/MS lipidomics analysis.
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Spickett CM. Formation of Oxidatively Modified Lipids as the Basis for a Cellular Epilipidome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:602771. [PMID: 33408694 PMCID: PMC7779974 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.602771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While often regarded as a subset of metabolomics, lipidomics can better be considered as a field in its own right. While the total number of lipid species in biology may not exceed the number of metabolites, they can be modified chemically and biochemically leading to an enormous diversity of derivatives, many of which retain the lipophilic properties of lipids and thus expand the lipidome greatly. Oxidative modification by radical oxygen species, either enzymatically or chemically, is one of the major mechanisms involved, although attack by non-radical oxidants also occurs. The modified lipids typically contain more oxygens in the form of hydroxyl, epoxide, carbonyl and carboxylic acid groups, and nitration, nitrosylation, halogenation or sulfation can also occur. This article provides a succinct overview of the types of species formed, the reactive compounds involved and the specific molecular sites that they react with, and the biochemical or chemical mechanisms involved. In many cases, these modifications reduce the stability of the lipid, and breakdown products are formed, which themselves have interesting properties such as the ability to react with other biomolecules. Publications on the biological effects of modified lipids are growing rapidly, supporting the concept that some of these biomolecules have potential signaling and regulatory effects. The question therefore arises whether modified lipids represent an "epilipidome", analogous to the epigenetic modifications that can control gene expression.
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Montero-Bullon JF, Melo T, Rosário M Domingues M, Domingues P. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry characterization of nitroso, nitrated and nitroxidized cardiolipin products. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 144:183-191. [PMID: 31095999 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipins (CL) are anionic dimeric phospholipids bearing four fatty acids, found in inner mitochondrial membrane as structural components and are involved in several processes as oxidative phosphorylation or apoptotic signalling. As other phospholipids, CL can be modified by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which can modulate various cellular functions. Modifications of CL by RNS remain largely unstudied although other nitrated lipids are emerging as bioactive molecules. In this work, we developed a C30-LC-HRMS/MS methodology to identify the nitrated and nitroxidized tetralinoleoyl-cardiolipin (TLCL), using a biomimetic model of nitration, and to disclose specific fragmentation pathways under HCD MS/MS. Using this lipidomics approach, we were able to separate and identify nitro, nitroso, nitronitroso, and nitroxidized TLCL derivatives, comprising 11 different nitrated compounds. These products were identified using accurate mass measurements and the fragmentation pattern acquired in higher-energy collision dissociation (HCD)-tandem MS/MS experiments. These spectra showed classifying fragmentation pathways, yielding phosphatidic acid (PA-), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA-), and carboxylate fragment ions with the modifying moiety. Remarkably, the typical neutral losses associated with the added moieties were not observed. In conclusion, this work has developed a new method for the identification of nitroso, nitrated and nitroxidized cardiolipin products by using a C30LC-MS platform method, potentially allowing their detection in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier-Fernando Montero-Bullon
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário M Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Duarte S, Melo T, Domingues R, de Dios Alché J, Pérez-Sala D. Insight into the cellular effects of nitrated phospholipids: Evidence for pleiotropic mechanisms of action. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 144:192-202. [PMID: 31199965 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitrated phospholipids have been recently identified in biological systems and showed to display anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential in models of inflammation in vitro. Here, we have explored the effects of nitrated 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-phosphatidyl choline (NO2-POPC) in cellular models. We have observed that NO2-POPC, but not POPC, induces cellular changes consisting in cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell shrinking, and ultimately, loss of cell adhesion or impaired cell attachment. NO2-POPC releases NO in vitro and induces accumulation of NO in cells. Nevertheless, the effects of NO2-POPC are not superimposable with those of NO donors, which points to distinctive mechanisms of action. Notably, they show a stronger parallelism, although not complete overlap, with the effects of nitrated fatty acids. Interestingly, redistribution of vimentin by NO2-POPC is attenuated in a C328S mutant, thus indicating that this residue may be a target for direct or indirect modification in NO2-POPC-treated cells. Additionally, NO2-POPC interacts with several typical lipoxidation targets in vitro, including vimentin and PPARγ constructs, likely through cysteine residues. Therefore, nitrated phospholipids emerge as potential novel electrophilic lipid mediators with selective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Duarte
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Center & QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Chemistry & CESAM& ECOMARE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center & QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Chemistry & CESAM& ECOMARE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Juan de Dios Alché
- Plant Reproductive Biology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Melo T, Montero-Bullón JF, Domingues P, Domingues MR. Discovery of bioactive nitrated lipids and nitro-lipid-protein adducts using mass spectrometry-based approaches. Redox Biol 2019; 23:101106. [PMID: 30718106 PMCID: PMC6859590 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FA) undergo reversible Michael adduction reactions with cysteine and histidine residues leading to the post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins. This electrophilic character of NO2-FA is strictly related to their biological roles. The NO2-FA-induced PTM of signaling proteins can lead to modifications in protein structure, function, and subcellular localization. The nitro lipid-protein adducts trigger a series of downstream signaling events that culminates with anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, and cytoprotective effects mediated by NO2-FA. These lipoxidation adducts have been detected and characterized both in model systems and in biological samples by using mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches. These MS approaches allow to unequivocally identify the adduct together with the targeted residue of modification. The identification of the modified proteins allows inferring on the possible impact of the NO2-FA-induced modification. This review will focus on MS-based approaches as valuable tools to identify NO2-FA-protein adducts and to unveil the biological effect of this lipoxidation adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Melo
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Javier-Fernando Montero-Bullón
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Departamento de Química & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Neves B, Domingues P, Oliveira MM, Domingues MDR, Melo T. Profile of Phosphatidylserine Modifications under Nitroxidative Stress Conditions Using a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Based Approach. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010107. [PMID: 30597957 PMCID: PMC6337642 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrated lipids have been detected in vitro and in vivo, usually associated with a protective effect. While nitrated fatty acids have been widely studied, few studies reported the nitration and nitroxidation of the phospholipid classes phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine. However, no information regarding nitrated and nitroxidized phosphatidylserine can be found in the literature. This work aims to identify and characterize the nitrated and nitroxidized derivatives of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-3-glycero-phosphoserine (POPS), obtained after incubation with nitronium tetrafluoroborate, by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS (MS/MS). Several nitrated and nitroxidized products were identified, namely, nitro, nitroso, nitronitroso, and dinitro derivatives, as well as some nitroxidized species such as nitrosohydroxy, nitrohydroxy, and nitrohydroperoxy. The fragmentation pathways identified were structure-dependent and included the loss of HNO and HNO2 for nitroso and nitro derivatives, respectively. Combined losses of PS polar head group plus HNO or HNO2 and carboxylate anions of modified fatty acyl chain were also observed. The nitrated POPS also showed antiradical potential, demonstrated by the ability to scavenge the ABTS●+ and DPPH● radicals. Overall, this in vitro model of nitration based on LC-MS/MS provided additional insights into the nitrated and nitroxidized derivatives of PS and their fragmentation fingerprinting. This information is a valuable tool for targeted analysis of these modified PS in complex biological samples, to further explore the new clues on the antioxidant potential of nitrated POPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Neves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, UI QOPNA, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, UI QOPNA, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Maria Manuel Oliveira
- Chemistry Department, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Maria do Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, UI QOPNA, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Biology Department & CESAM & ECOMARE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, UI QOPNA, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Fazzari M, Vitturi DA, Woodcock SR, Salvatore SR, Freeman BA, Schopfer FJ. Electrophilic fatty acid nitroalkenes are systemically transported and distributed upon esterification to complex lipids. J Lipid Res 2018; 60:388-399. [PMID: 30545956 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m088815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophilic nitro-fatty acids [NO2-FAs (fatty acid nitroalkenes)] showed beneficial signaling actions in preclinical studies and safety in phase 1 clinical trials. A detailed description of the pharmacokinetics (PK) of NO2-FAs is complicated by the capability of electrophilic fatty acids to alkylate thiols reversibly and become esterified in various complex lipids, and the instability of the nitroalkene moiety during enzymatic and base hydrolysis. Herein, we report the mechanism and kinetics of absorption, metabolism, and distribution of the endogenously detectable and prototypical NO2-FA, 10-nitro-oleic acid (10-NO2-OA), in dogs after oral administration. Supported by HPLC-high-resolution-MS/MS analysis of synthetic and plasma-derived 10-NO2-OA-containing triacylglycerides (TAGs), we show that a key mechanism of NO2-FA distribution is an initial esterification into complex lipids. Quantitative analysis of plasma free and esterified lipid fractions confirmed time-dependent preferential incorporation of 10-NO2-OA into TAGs when compared with its principal metabolite, 10-nitro-stearic acid. Finally, new isomers of 10-NO2-OA were identified in vivo, and their electrophilic reactivity and metabolism characterized. Overall, we reveal that NO2-FAs display unique PK, with the principal mechanism of tissue distribution involving complex lipid esterification, which serves to shield the electrophilic character of this mediator from plasma and hepatic inactivation and thus permits efficient distribution to target organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fazzari
- Fondazione Ri.MED, 90133 Palermo, Italy .,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Dario A Vitturi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Steven R Woodcock
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
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Montero-Bullon JF, Melo T, Domingues MR, Domingues P. Characterization of Nitrophospholipid-Peptide Covalent Adducts by Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A First Screening Analysis Using Different Instrumental Platforms. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier-Fernando Montero-Bullon
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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Melo T, Marques SS, Ferreira I, Cruz MT, Domingues P, Segundo MA, Domingues MRM. New Insights into the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Nitrated Phospholipids. Lipids 2018; 53:117-131. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Sara S. Marques
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; 4050-313 Porto Portugal
| | - Isabel Ferreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC); University of Coimbra; 3000-517 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC); University of Coimbra; 3000-517 Coimbra Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Marcela A. Segundo
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; 4050-313 Porto Portugal
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