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Li SJ, Wu YL, Chen JH, Shen SY, Duan J, Xu HE. Autoimmune diseases: targets, biology, and drug discovery. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:674-685. [PMID: 38097717 PMCID: PMC10943205 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) arise from a breakdown in immunological self-tolerance, wherein the adaptive immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells, tissues and organs. AIDs impose excessive treatment costs and currently rely on non-specific and universal immunosuppression, which only offer symptomatic relief without addressing the underlying causes. AIDs are driven by autoantigens, targeting the autoantigens holds great promise in transforming the treatment of these diseases. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying different AIDs and the identification of specific autoantigens are critical. In this review, we categorize AIDs based on their underlying causes and compile information on autoantigens implicated in each disease, providing a roadmap for the development of novel immunotherapy regimens. We will focus on type 1 diabetes (T1D), which is an autoimmune disease characterized by irreversible destruction of insulin-producing β cells in the Langerhans islets of the pancreas. We will discuss insulin as possible autoantigen of T1D and its role in T1D pathogenesis. Finally, we will review current treatments of TID and propose a potentially effective immunotherapy targeting autoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
| | - Yan-Li Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Juan-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shi-Yi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| | - H Eric Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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2
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Reshetnyak TM, Cheldieva FA, Cherkasova MV, Glukhova SI, Lila AM, Nasonov EL. Antibodies to Domain I β 2-Glycoprotein 1 in Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2023; 511:219-226. [PMID: 37833609 PMCID: PMC10739196 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672923700278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), which are not included in the Sydney diagnostic criteria, in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of IgG antibodies for domain 1 of β2-glycoprotein 1 (β2-GP1), IgG anti-β2-GP1DI, in patients with APS with and without SLE. The study included 187 patients with APS with or without SLE, 49 patients formed the comparison group, and 100 apparently healthy individuals formed the control group. IgG/IgM antibodies to cardiolipin (aCL) and IgG/IgM anti-β2-GP1 were determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) in patients with or without APS, and IgG anti-β2-GP1DI was determined by chemiluminescence assay (CLA) in all patients and controls. IgG anti-β2-GP1DI was detected in 37 (71%) of 52 patients with primary APS (PAPS), in 6 (50%) of 12 patients with probable APS, in 42 (71%) of 59 patients with SLE + APS, in 17 (26%) of 64 patients with SLE, in 1 (2%) of the comparison group, and in none of the control group. IgG anti-β2-GP1DI was significantly associated with PAPS and SLE + APS compared with the patients with SLE (p = 0.0002 and 0.0001, respectively). The association of IgG anti-β2-GP1DI with clinical manifestations of APS (thrombosis (p = 0.001) and obstetric pathology (p = 0.04)) was detected. There was a significant association of IgG anti-β2-GP1DI with arterial thrombosis (p = 0.002) and with late gestational obstetric pathology (p = 0.01). High specificity of IgG anti-β2-GP1DI depending on the diagnosis and clinical manifestations of APS despite low sensitivity was noted: specificity was 84% for thrombosis, 94% for obstetric pathology, and 89% for APS. Isolated IgG anti-β2-GP1DI positivity was reported in 2% of 50 aPL-negative patients and was not associated with APS manifestations. The frequency of IgG anti-β2-GP1DI detection was higher in the patients with APS compared to the patients with SLE, comparison group, and control (p < 0.05). Positive IgG anti-β2-GP1DI values were significantly associated with thrombotic complications and with obstetric pathology (p = 0.002 and p = 0.01, respectively). Specificity of IgG anti-β2-GP1DI for APS and its clinical manifestations (thrombosis and obstetric pathology) was higher than sensitivity (89, 94, and 84%, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Reshetnyak
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia.
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - F A Cheldieva
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Cherkasova
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S I Glukhova
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Lila
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Nasonov
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Grygiel-Górniak B, Mazurkiewicz Ł. Positive antiphospholipid antibodies: observation or treatment? J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023:10.1007/s11239-023-02834-6. [PMID: 37264223 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02834-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLAs) are primarily directed toward phospholipid-binding proteins and are responsible for thrombotic events. APLAs include anti-β2Glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI), anticardiolipin (anti-CL) antibodies, and lupus anticoagulant. These antibodies are typical markers of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and are a part of its diagnostic criteria. Many data underline the presence of APLAs in other rheumatic diseases (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and Behçet's disease). However, they are also detected in patients with cancer, infection, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, healthy individuals may be carriers of APLAs. Chronic asymptomatic APLAs presence is most common in the elderly and subjects with chronic diseases (including malignancies). Specific kinds of APLAs are considered markers of oncological progression. These antibodies occur in 6% of pregnant women (without diagnosed APS) and are related to many pregnancy complications. Of worth, various types of APLAs are reported to have different prothrombotic properties. The risk of thrombotic events in APLA-positive but clinically naïve patients raises many questions in clinical practice. This manuscript analyses various clinical situations and consequences of the APLAs' presence, particularly in patients without diagnosed APS. The prevalence, etiology, molecular background, and prothrombotic properties of numerous APLAs are broadly discussed. The new management approach in different clinical conditions and organ complications is present in the context of recent recommendations. Discussed data underlines that adequate and timely introduced thromboprophylaxis can decrease the risk of thrombus formation and prevent increased morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogna Grygiel-Górniak
- Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 61-701, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Mazurkiewicz
- Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
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Coss SL, Zhou D, Chua GT, Aziz RA, Hoffman RP, Wu YL, Ardoin SP, Atkinson JP, Yu CY. The complement system and human autoimmune diseases. J Autoimmun 2023; 137:102979. [PMID: 36535812 PMCID: PMC10276174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Genetic deficiencies of early components of the classical complement activation pathway (especially C1q, r, s, and C4) are the strongest monogenic causal factors for the prototypic autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but their prevalence is extremely rare. In contrast, isotype genetic deficiency of C4A and acquired deficiency of C1q by autoantibodies are frequent among patients with SLE. Here we review the genetic basis of complement deficiencies in autoimmune disease, discuss the complex genetic diversity seen in complement C4 and its association with autoimmune disease, provide guidance as to when clinicians should suspect and test for complement deficiencies, and outline the current understanding of the mechanisms relating complement deficiencies to autoimmunity. We focus primarily on SLE, as the role of complement in SLE is well-established, but will also discuss other informative diseases such as inflammatory arthritis and myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Coss
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Danlei Zhou
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gilbert T Chua
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rabheh Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert P Hoffman
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yee Ling Wu
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Stacy P Ardoin
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John P Atkinson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chack-Yung Yu
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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5
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Grossi C, Capitani N, Benagiano M, Baldari CT, Della Bella C, Macor P, Tedesco F, Borghi MO, Maugeri N, D’Elios MM, Meroni PL. Beta 2 glycoprotein I and neutrophil extracellular traps: Potential bridge between innate and adaptive immunity in anti-phospholipid syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1076167. [PMID: 36700193 PMCID: PMC9868732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1076167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent vascular thrombosis and miscarriages in the absence of known causes. Antibodies against phospholipid-binding proteins (aPL) are pathogenic players in both clotting and pregnancy APS manifestations. There is sound evidence that antibodies specific for beta2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) trigger thrombotic and pregnancy complications by interacting with the molecule on the membranes of different cell types of the coagulation cascade, and in placenta tissues. In addition to the humoral response against β2GPI, both peripheral and tissue CD4+ β2GPI-specific T cells have been reported in primary APS as well as in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-associated APS. While adaptive immunity plays a clear role in APS, it is still debated whether innate immunity is involved as well. Acute systemic inflammation does not seem to be present in the syndrome, however, there is sound evidence that complement activation is crucial in animal models and can be found also in patients. Furthermore, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been documented in arterial and venous thrombi with different etiology, including clots in APS models. Keeping in mind that β2GPI is a pleiotropic glycoprotein, acting as scavenger molecule for infectious agents and apoptotic/damaged body constituents and that self-molecules externalized through NETs formation may become immunogenic autoantigens, we demonstrated β2GPI on NETs, and its ability to stimulate CD4+β2GPI-specific T cells. The aim of this review is to elucidate the role of β2GPI in the cross-talk between the innate and adaptive immunity in APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Grossi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy
| | - Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marisa Benagiano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Della Bella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Tedesco
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Orietta Borghi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy,Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Norma Maugeri
- Autoimmunity and Vascular Inflammation Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation & Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Milco D’Elios
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy,*Correspondence: Pier Luigi Meroni, ; ; Mario Milco D’Elios,
| | - Pier Luigi Meroni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Laboratory of Immuno-Rheumatology, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Pier Luigi Meroni, ; ; Mario Milco D’Elios,
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6
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Islabão AG, Trindade VC, da Mota LMH, Andrade DCO, Silva CA. Managing Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Current and Future Prospects. Paediatr Drugs 2022; 24:13-27. [PMID: 34904182 PMCID: PMC8667978 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-021-00484-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a rare acquired multisystem autoimmune thromboinflammatory condition characterized by thrombotic and non-thrombotic clinical manifestations. APS in children and adolescents typically presents with large-vessel thrombosis, thrombotic microangiopathy, and, rarely, obstetric morbidity. Non-thrombotic clinical manifestations are frequently seen in pediatric APS and may be present even before the vascular thrombotic events occur. We review insights into the pathogenesis of APS and discuss potential targets for therapy. The identification of multiple immunologic abnormalities in patients with APS reveals molecular targets for current or future treatment. Management strategies, especially for APS in adolescents, require screening for additional prothrombotic risk factors and consideration of counseling regarding contraceptive strategies, lifestyle recommendations, treatment adherence, and mental health issues associated with this autoimmune thrombophilia. The main goal of therapy in pediatric APS is the prevention of thrombosis. The management of acute thrombosis events in children and adolescents is the same as for primary APS, which involves isolated occurrences, and secondary APS, which is seen in association with another autoimmune disease, e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus. A pediatric hematologist should be consulted so other differential thrombophilic conditions can be eliminated. Therapy includes unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin followed by vitamin K antagonists. Treatment of catastrophic APS involves triple therapy (anticoagulation, intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy, and plasma exchange) and may include intravenous immunoglobulin for children and adolescents with this condition. New drugs such as eculizumab and sirolimus seem to be promising drugs for APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Garcia Islabão
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital da Criança de Brasília Jose Alencar, Brasília, DF Brazil ,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Vitor Cavalcanti Trindade
- Faculdade de Medicina, Children and Adolescent Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 647-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-000 Brazil
| | - Licia Maria Henrique da Mota
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF Brazil ,Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Universitário de Brasília, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Clovis Artur Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Children and Adolescent Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 647-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil. .,Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Pastori D, Ames PRJ, Triggiani M, Ciampa A, Cammisotto V, Carnevale R, Pignatelli P, Bucci T. Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. The Multicenter ATHERO-APS Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143180. [PMID: 34300346 PMCID: PMC8306431 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. The prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is unknown. Methods. A prospective multicenter cohort study including 125 patients was conducted: 91 primary APS (PAPS), 18 APS-SLE, and 16 carriers. HFpEF was diagnosed according to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology criteria: patients with ≥5 points among major and minor functional and morphological criteria including NT-ProBNP > 220 pg/mL, left atrial (LA) enlargement, increased left ventricular filling pressure. Results. Overall, 18 (14.4%) patients were diagnosed with HFpEF; this prevalence increased from 6.3% in carriers to 13.2% in PAPS and 27.8% in APS-SLE. Patients with HFpEF were older and with a higher prevalence of hypertension and previous arterial events. At logistic regression analysis, age, arterial hypertension, anticardiolipin antibodies IgG > 40 GPL (odds ratio (OR) 3.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–10.77, p = 0.035), anti β-2-glycoprotein-I IgG > 40 GPL (OR 5.28, 1.53–18.27, p = 0.009), lupus anticoagulants DRVVT > 1.25 (OR 5.20, 95% CI 1.10–24.68, p = 0.038), and triple positivity (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.11–11.47, p = 0.033) were associated with HFpEF after adjustment for age and sex. By multivariate analysis, hypertension (OR 19.49, 95% CI 2.21–171.94, p = 0.008), age (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00–1.14, p = 0.044), and aβ2GPI IgG > 40 GPL (OR 8.62, 95% CI 1.23–60.44, p = 0.030) were associated with HFpEF. Conclusion. HFpEF is detectable in a relevant proportion of APS patients. The role of aPL in the pathogenesis and prognosis of HFpEF needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00155 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-064-997-0941; Fax: +39-064-997-2309
| | - Paul R. J. Ames
- Immune Response and Vascular Disease Unit, Nova University, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary, Dumfries DG2 8RX, UK
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Antonio Ciampa
- Centro Emostasi A.O.R.N. “SG Moscati”, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00155 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (P.P.)
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties “Paride Stefanini”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00155 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00155 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (P.P.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bucci
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties “Paride Stefanini”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00155 Rome, Italy;
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Mahdian S, Zarrabi M, Moini A, Movahedi M, Shahhoseini M. In silico identification of new inhibitors for βeta-2-glycoprotein I as a major antigen in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. J Mol Model 2020; 26:156. [PMID: 32458176 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Beta 2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) is a major antigen for autoantibodies present in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). β2GPI is a single polypeptide with five repeated domains and different conformations. The activated J-shaped conformation of β2GPI binds to negatively charged phospholipids in the membrane via the fifth domain and causes blood clotting reactions. We applied a drug repurposing strategy using virtual screening and molecular dynamics to find the best FDA drugs against the fifth domain of β2GPI. In the first phase, FDA drugs that had the most favorable ΔG with the fifth domain of β2GPI were selected by virtual screening. Among these drugs that had the most favorable ΔG, Vorapaxar and Antrafenine were selected for molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. MD simulation was performed to evaluate the stability of Vorapaxar and Antrafenine complexes and the effect of the two drugs on protein conformation. Also, MD simulation was done to investigate the effect of Antrafenine and Vorapaxar on the binding of β2GPI to the platelet model membrane. According to the results, Vorapaxar and Antrafenine were bound to the protein with the favorable binding energy (Vorapaxar and Antrafenine binding energies are - 49.641 and - 38.803 kcal/mol, respectively). In this study, it was shown that unlike protein alone and protein in the Antrafenine complex, the protein in the Vorapaxar complex was completely separated from the model membrane after 350 ns. Moreover, Vorapaxar led to more changes in the activated J-shape of β2GPI. Thus, Vorapaxar can be a suitable candidate for further investigations on the treatment of APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeh Mahdian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Biological Faculty, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Moini
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Movahedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Shahhoseini
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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McDonnell T, Wincup C, Buchholz I, Pericleous C, Giles I, Ripoll V, Cohen H, Delcea M, Rahman A. The role of beta-2-glycoprotein I in health and disease associating structure with function: More than just APS. Blood Rev 2020; 39:100610. [PMID: 31471128 PMCID: PMC7014586 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Beta-2-Glycoprotein I (β2GPI) plays a number of essential roles throughout the body. β2GPI, C-reactive protein and thrombomodulin are the only three proteins that possess the dual capability to up and down regulate the complement and coagulation systems depending upon external stimulus. Clinically, β2GPI is the primary antigen in the autoimmune condition antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which is typically characterised by pregnancy morbidity and vascular thrombosis. This protein is also capable of adopting at least two distinct structural forms, but it has been argued that several other intermediate forms may exist. Thus, β2GPI is a unique protein with a key role in haemostasis, homeostasis and immunity. In this review, we examine the genetics, structure and function of β2GPI in the body and how these factors may influence its contribution to disease pathogenesis. We also consider the clinical implications of β2GPI in the diagnosis of APS and as a potentially novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas McDonnell
- Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, Rayne Institute, University College London, UK.
| | - Chris Wincup
- Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, Rayne Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Ina Buchholz
- Nanostructure Group, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Charis Pericleous
- Imperial College London, Imperial College Vascular Sciences, National Heart & Lung Institute, ICTEM, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Ian Giles
- Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, Rayne Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Vera Ripoll
- Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, Rayne Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Hannah Cohen
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mihaela Delcea
- Nanostructure Group, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, Rayne Institute, University College London, UK
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10
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Buttari B, Profumo E, Capozzi A, Saso L, Sorice M, Riganò R. Post-translational modifications of proteins in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 56:511-525. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1650714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Capozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sorice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rachele Riganò
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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11
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Antiphospholipid antibodies in Buerger's disease. Thromb Res 2019; 181:64-66. [PMID: 31352268 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Koleini N, Nickel BE, Edel AL, Fandrich RR, Ravandi A, Kardami E. Oxidized phospholipids in Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 303:35-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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13
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Pearson JD, Mason JC. Reactive oxygen species as drivers of autoimmune pathology: an Introduction to Special Issue "Oxidative stress and altered redox signalling in autoimmune and connective tissue diseases". Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 125:1-2. [PMID: 30217269 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Pearson
- Department of Vascular Biology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Justin C Mason
- Vascular Sciences, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London W12 0NN.
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14
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Different domains of β 2-glycoprotein I play a role in autoimmune pathogenesis. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 17:1210-1211. [PMID: 29921966 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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