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He K, Wu L, Ding Q, Haider F, Yu H, Wang H, Xiang G. Apatinib Promotes Apoptosis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Downregulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 α and Increased Levels of Reactive Oxygen Species. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5152072. [PMID: 30863481 PMCID: PMC6378789 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5152072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
At present, apatinib is considered a new generation agent for the treatment of patients with gastric cancer. However, the effects of apatinib on pancreatic cancer have not been clarified. This study investigated the impact of apatinib on the biological function of pancreatic cancer cells and the potential mechanism involved in this process. Using the Cell Counting Kit-8 method, we confirmed that apatinib treatment inhibited cell proliferation in vitro. Moreover, the migration rate of pancreatic cells was inhibited. The effects of apatinib on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of pancreatic carcinoma cells were detected by flow cytometry. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased, and the cell cycle was altered. Furthermore, we demonstrated that apatinib inhibited the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor, and markers of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which increased the levels of reactive oxygen species in vitro. Apatinib significantly inhibited the biological function of pancreatic cancer cells. It promoted apoptosis, downregulated the expression of HIF-1α, and increased the levels of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke He
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Lu Wu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Qianshan Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Farhan Haider
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Honggang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Haihe Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guoan Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
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