1
|
Peng X, Tang Q, Zhu H, Bai L, Zhao H, Chen Y. Study on antitumor activity of three ruthenium arene complexes in vitro. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 247:112310. [PMID: 37441921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Three ruthenium arene complexes, namely {[(η6-p-cymene)Ru(Cl)]2(dpb)}(PF6)2 (1), [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(dpb)Cl](PF6) (2) and [(η6-p-cymene) Ru(dpb)py](PF6) (3) (dpb = 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)benzo-quinoxaline, py = pyridine), were synthesized and their antitumor properties were introduced. Complexes 1-3 were characterized by 1H NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. As a binuclear ruthenium structure, the absorption of metal ligand electron transfer (MLCT) of 1 extended to 700 nm. Complex 1 was significantly hydrolyzed under dark conditions. The cytotoxicity in vitro study showed that complexes 1 and 2 are more toxic to human lung cancer cells (A549) and human cervial cancer cells (Hela) than cisplatin. Moreover, there was almost no cross-resistance between complex 1-2 and cisplatin. Under the irradiation at 478 nm, complexes 1-3 all produced singlet oxygen (1O2), and the 1O2 quantum yield of complex 1 in PBS is the highest among complexes 1-3. Complex 1 also produced 1O2 under 600 nm light irradiation. DNA gel electrophoresis showed that 1 caused the photocleavage of plasmid DNA. The hydrolysis rate of complex 1 was accelerated under light (λ > 600 nm). And the phototoxicity of complex 1 to Hela cells under light (λ > 600 nm) was much greater than its dark toxicity, which may be due to its generation of 1O2 and the promotion of its hydrolysis under long-wave light irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Peng
- Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huiyun Zhu
- Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lijuan Bai
- Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yongjie Chen
- Research Center for Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology of Chongqing, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Endogenous photosensitizers play a critical role in both beneficial and harmful light-induced transformations in biological systems. Understanding their mode of action is essential for advancing fields such as photomedicine, photoredox catalysis, environmental science, and the development of sun care products. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of endogenous photosensitizers in human skin, investigating the connections between their electronic excitation and the subsequent activation or damage of organic biomolecules. We gather the physicochemical and photochemical properties of key endogenous photosensitizers and examine the relationships between their chemical reactivity, location within the skin, and the primary biochemical events following solar radiation exposure, along with their influence on skin physiology and pathology. An important take-home message of this review is that photosensitization allows visible light and UV-A radiation to have large effects on skin. The analysis presented here unveils potential causes for the continuous increase in global skin cancer cases and emphasizes the limitations of current sun protection approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erick L Bastos
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank H Quina
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício S Baptista
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Murotomi K, Umeno A, Shichiri M, Tanito M, Yoshida Y. Significance of Singlet Oxygen Molecule in Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032739. [PMID: 36769060 PMCID: PMC9917472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen, play an important role in the onset and progression of disease, as well as in aging. Singlet oxygen can be formed non-enzymatically by chemical, photochemical, and electron transfer reactions, or as a byproduct of endogenous enzymatic reactions in phagocytosis during inflammation. The imbalance of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant networks with the generation of singlet oxygen increases oxidative stress, resulting in the undesirable oxidation and modification of biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and lipids. This review describes the molecular mechanisms of singlet oxygen production in vivo and methods for the evaluation of damage induced by singlet oxygen. The involvement of singlet oxygen in the pathogenesis of skin and eye diseases is also discussed from the biomolecular perspective. We also present our findings on lipid oxidation products derived from singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation in glaucoma, early diabetes patients, and a mouse model of bronchial asthma. Even in these diseases, oxidation products due to singlet oxygen have not been measured clinically. This review discusses their potential as biomarkers for diagnosis. Recent developments in singlet oxygen scavengers such as carotenoids, which can be utilized to prevent the onset and progression of disease, are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Murotomi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
| | - Aya Umeno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda 563-8577, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-751-8234
| | - Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu Y, Zou H. Research Progress on Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2250. [PMID: 36421435 PMCID: PMC9686704 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, which can lead to blindness in severe cases. Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles in eukaryotic cells, which participate in metabolism and signal transduction, and regulate cell growth, differentiation, aging, and death. Metabolic changes of retinal cells and epigenetic changes of mitochondria-related genes under high glucose can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and induce mitochondrial pathway apoptosis. In addition, mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics also change adaptively. These mechanisms may be related to the occurrence and progression of DR, and also provide valuable clues for the prevention and treatment of DR. This article reviews the mechanism of DR induced by mitochondrial dysfunction, and the prospects for related treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ramos LD, Gomes TMV, Quintiliano SAP, Premi S, Stevani CV, Bechara EJH. Biological Schiff bases may generate reactive triplet carbonyls and singlet oxygen: A model study. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 191:97-104. [PMID: 36049617 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz D Ramos
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário Anhanguera - UniA, Brazil
| | - Thiago M V Gomes
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samir A P Quintiliano
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sanjay Premi
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Department of Tumor Biology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cassius V Stevani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Etelvino J H Bechara
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Demasi M, Augusto O, Bechara EJH, Bicev RN, Cerqueira FM, da Cunha FM, Denicola A, Gomes F, Miyamoto S, Netto LES, Randall LM, Stevani CV, Thomson L. Oxidative Modification of Proteins: From Damage to Catalysis, Signaling, and Beyond. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1016-1080. [PMID: 33726509 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The systematic investigation of oxidative modification of proteins by reactive oxygen species started in 1980. Later, it was shown that reactive nitrogen species could also modify proteins. Some protein oxidative modifications promote loss of protein function, cleavage or aggregation, and some result in proteo-toxicity and cellular homeostasis disruption. Recent Advances: Previously, protein oxidation was associated exclusively to damage. However, not all oxidative modifications are necessarily associated with damage, as with Met and Cys protein residue oxidation. In these cases, redox state changes can alter protein structure, catalytic function, and signaling processes in response to metabolic and/or environmental alterations. This review aims to integrate the present knowledge on redox modifications of proteins with their fate and role in redox signaling and human pathological conditions. Critical Issues: It is hypothesized that protein oxidation participates in the development and progression of many pathological conditions. However, no quantitative data have been correlated with specific oxidized proteins or the progression or severity of pathological conditions. Hence, the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying these modifications, their importance in human pathologies, and the fate of the modified proteins is of clinical relevance. Future Directions: We discuss new tools to cope with protein oxidation and suggest new approaches for integrating knowledge about protein oxidation and redox processes with human pathophysiological conditions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1016-1080.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilene Demasi
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ohara Augusto
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Etelvino J H Bechara
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata N Bicev
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Cerqueira
- CENTD, Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M da Cunha
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Denicola
- Laboratorios Fisicoquímica Biológica-Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fernando Gomes
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis E S Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lía M Randall
- Laboratorios Fisicoquímica Biológica-Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cassius V Stevani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonor Thomson
- Laboratorios Fisicoquímica Biológica-Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bechara EJ, Ramos LD, Stevani CV. 5-Aminolevulinic acid: A matter of life and caveats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
8
|
Shafie B, Pourahmad J, Rezaei M. N-acetylcysteine is more effective than ellagic acid in preventing acrolein induced dysfunction in mitochondria isolated from rat liver. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13775. [PMID: 34080202 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Acrolein, a common environmental, food, and water pollutant, has been linked to the pathology of several diseases. This toxic substance is an unsaturated aldehyde and a major component of cigarette smoke and also produced during the processing of fat-containing foods. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of ellagic acid and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in acrolein-induced toxicity in mitochondria isolated from the rat liver. The mitochondria were exposed to different concentrations of acrolein for 40 min, then functionality was assessed. Contact with acrolein rapidly and remarkably depleted the intracellular glutathione and antioxidant capacity, because of increased ROS production and lipid peroxidation which may lead to the cell death. Mitochondria were then pre-exposed to different concentrations of ellagic acid, NAC, and IC50 concentration of acrolein. Consistent with the results, acrolein decreased GSH content and increased ROS level and lipid peroxidation, which led to ATP depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction. While ellagic acid has been able to reduce ROS and therefore the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), presumably via its antioxidant properties, we've not detected its favorable effect on GSH and ATP restoration and also on mitochondrial complex II function. However, NAC strongly decreased ROS, lipid peroxidation and MMP and improved GSH content and complex II activity. These results showed that ellagic acid while reported to possess some cellular protective properties, did not prevent mitochondria from being affected by acrolein during this in vitro study. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Ellagic acid is found in fruits, vegetables, and nuts which are revealed to possess strong antioxidant and protective properties. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of some chronic diseases including cancer, diabetes, liver disease, and neurodegenerative disorders, and presumably, ellagic acid by its mitochondrial protective effects can be helpful in these chronic conditions. Acrolein is an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde that can be produced during cooking at high temperature. By increasing the ROS level and lipid peroxidation and depleting the glutathione content, acrolein induces cellular damage and mitochondrial toxicity. This toxicant is taken into account as a carcinogen and mutagen. In this study, the protective effect of ellagic acid in comparison with N-acetylcysteine has been investigated during the toxicity of acrolein in the rat liver mitochondria to look for evidence of whether it is useful or not through this insult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Shafie
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Enhanced biocatalysis of phenanthrene in aqueous phase by novel CA-Ca-SBE-laccase biocatalyst: Performance and mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|