1
|
Cai C, Xiao A, Luo X, Zheng E, Li Y, Lei Y, Zhong S, Chen Y, Yang P, Tang Z, Zhou Z. Circulating soluble CD36 as a novel biomarker for progression and prognosis of HBV-related liver diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1039614. [PMID: 36406414 PMCID: PMC9667018 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1039614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study suggested CD36 may be a positive regulator of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in vitro. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether circulating soluble CD36 (sCD36) could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HBV-related liver diseases based on the clinic collected data. METHODS A total of 282 subjects were divided into healthy controls (HC, n = 47), chronic hepatitis B (CHB, n = 68), HBV-related liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC, n = 167). Soluble CD36 in plasma was measured by ELISA, and monocyte or platelet CD36 expression was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS There was a step-wise increase of sCD36 with the progression of chronic HBV infection, and it was the highest in the HBV- LC group with liver failure (1.50, IQR:1.04-2.00) as compared with HC (0.38, IQR:0.27-0.38), CHB (0.75, IQR:0.40-1.13), and HBV-LC without liver failure (1.02, IQR,0.61-1.35) group. Circulating sCD36 was not correlated with serum HBV DNA levels, but correlated with liver function parameters. Additionally, ROC analysis confirmed sCD36 could be used to predict liver failure for HBV-LC patients, which yielded an AUC of 0.775 with 71.0% sensitivity and 72.2% specificity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed sCD36 is an independent risk factor in predicting liver failure. Moreover, plasma sCD36 in HBV-LC patients was significantly correlated with prognostic indices, including MELD, MELD-Na and CHILD-PUGH scores. On the other hand, CD36 expression on monocytes or platelets was positively correlated with plasma sCD36 levels, whereas they were not strongly associated with the disease severity. CONCLUSION Circulating sCD36 could be used as a novel noninvasive biomarker for predicting liver failure and prognosis in chronic HBV infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxian Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anhua Xiao
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Luo
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Enze Zheng
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyu Li
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ping Yang,
| | - Zhurong Tang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Zhurong Tang,
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Zhi Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Y, Zhang J, Cui W, Silverstein RL. CD36, a signaling receptor and fatty acid transporter that regulates immune cell metabolism and fate. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213166. [PMID: 35438721 PMCID: PMC9022290 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a type 2 cell surface scavenger receptor widely expressed in many immune and non-immune cells. It functions as both a signaling receptor responding to DAMPs and PAMPs, as well as a long chain free fatty acid transporter. Recent studies have indicated that CD36 can integrate cell signaling and metabolic pathways through its dual functions and thereby influence immune cell differentiation and activation, and ultimately help determine cell fate. Its expression along with its dual functions in both innate and adaptive immune cells contribute to pathogenesis of common diseases, including atherosclerosis and tumor progression, which makes CD36 and its downstream effectors potential therapeutic targets. This review comprehensively examines the dual functions of CD36 in a variety of immune cells, especially macrophages and T cells. We also briefly discuss CD36 function in non-immune cells, such as adipocytes and platelets, which impact the immune system via intercellular communication. Finally, outstanding questions in this field are provided for potential directions of future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Chen
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jue Zhang
- Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Roy L Silverstein
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Versiti, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu X, Almenglo C, Fernandez ÁL, Martínez-Cereijo JM, Iglesias-Alvarez D, Duran-Muñoz D, García-Caballero T, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Rodriguez-Mañero M, Eiras S. The Effect of Mineralocorticoid Receptor 3 Antagonists on Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fatty Acid Transport Profile in Patients with Heart Failure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081264. [PMID: 35455943 PMCID: PMC9027091 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epicardial fat thickness is associated with cardiovascular disease. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), a pharmaceutical treatment for CVD, was found to have an effect on adipose tissue. Our aim was to analyse the main epicardial fat genesis and inflammation-involved cell markers and their regulation by risk factors and MRA. We included blood and epicardial or subcutaneous fat (EAT or SAT) from 71 patients undergoing heart surgery and blood from 66 patients with heart failure. Cell types (transcripts or proteins) were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemistry. Plasma proteins were analysed by Luminex technology or enzyme-linked immunoassay. Our results showed an upregulation of fatty acid transporter levels after aldosterone-induced genesis. The MRA intake was the main factor associated with lower levels in epicardial fat. On the contrary, MRA upregulated the levels and its secretion of the anti-inflammatory marker intelectin 1 and reduced the proliferation of epicardial fibroblasts. Our results have shown the local MRA intake effect on fatty acid transporters and anti-inflammatory marker levels and the proliferation rate on epicardial fat fibroblasts. They suggest the role of MRA on epicardial fat genesis and remodelling in patients with cardiovascular disease. Translational perspective: the knowledge of epicardial fat genesis and its modulation by drugs might be useful for improving the treatments of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Fu
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Cristina Almenglo
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
| | - Ángel Luis Fernandez
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Martínez-Cereijo
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Diego Iglesias-Alvarez
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
| | - Darío Duran-Muñoz
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás García-Caballero
- Morphological Sciences Department, Medicine Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela and Pathology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Jose Ramón Gonzalez-Juanatey
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Moises Rodriguez-Mañero
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-M.); (S.E.); Tel.: +34-616903275 (M.R.-M.); +34-981955074 (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-M.); (S.E.); Tel.: +34-616903275 (M.R.-M.); +34-981955074 (S.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rekhi UR, Omar M, Alexiou M, Delyea C, Immaraj L, Elahi S, Febbraio M. Endothelial Cell CD36 Reduces Atherosclerosis and Controls Systemic Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:768481. [PMID: 34888367 PMCID: PMC8650007 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.768481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat Western diets contribute to tissue dysregulation of fatty acid and glucose intake, resulting in obesity and insulin resistance and their sequelae, including atherosclerosis. New therapies are desperately needed to interrupt this epidemic. The significant idea driving this research is that the understudied regulation of fatty acid entry into tissues at the endothelial cell (EC) interface can provide novel therapeutic targets that will greatly modify health outcomes and advance health-related knowledge. Dysfunctional endothelium, defined as activated, pro-inflammatory, and pro-thrombotic, is critical in atherosclerosis initiation, in modulating thrombotic events that could result in myocardial infarction and stroke, and is a hallmark of insulin resistance. Dyslipidemia from high-fat diets overwhelmingly contributes to the development of dysfunctional endothelium. CD36 acts as a receptor for pathological ligands generated by high-fat diets and in fatty acid uptake, and therefore, it may additionally contribute to EC dysfunction. We created EC CD36 knockout (CD36°) mice using cre-lox technology and a cre-promoter that does not eliminate CD36 in hematopoietic cells (Tie2e cre). These mice were studied on different diets, and crossed to the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) knockout for atherosclerosis assessment. Our data show that EC CD36° and EC CD36°/LDLR° mice have metabolic changes suggestive of an uncompensated role for EC CD36 in fatty acid uptake. The mice lacking expression of EC CD36 had increased glucose clearance compared with controls when fed with multiple diets. EC CD36° male mice showed increased carbohydrate utilization and decreased energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. Female EC CD36°/LDLR° mice have reduced atherosclerosis. Taken together, these data support a significant role for EC CD36 in systemic metabolism and reveal sex-specific impact on atherosclerosis and energy substrate use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umar R Rekhi
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohamed Omar
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Alexiou
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cole Delyea
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Linnet Immaraj
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Haider M, Al-Rashed F, Albaqsumi Z, Alobaid K, Alqabandi R, Al-Mulla F, Ahmad R. Candida albicans Induces Foaming and Inflammation in Macrophages through FABP4: Its Implication for Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111567. [PMID: 34829801 PMCID: PMC8615257 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic degenerative disorder characterized by lipid-dense plaques and low-grade inflammation affecting arterial walls. Foamy macrophages are important in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and the induction of low-grade inflammation. The presence of lipid-laden macrophages has occurred in infections caused by opportunistic pathogens. Candida albicans is the major cause of candidiasis in immunocompromised patients, including those with diabetes mellitus. However, the role played by C. albicans in macrophage foaming and the associated inflammation is poorly understood. We investigated whether C. albicans induces foaming along with inflammation in macrophages and, if so, by which mechanism(s). We incubated THP-1 macrophages with heat-killed C. albicans (HKCA). HKCA-induced lipid accumulation in macrophages along with increased expression of inflammatory markers, including CD11b and CD11c or expression and secretion of IL-1β. HKCA also increased the expression of PPARγ, CD36, and FABP4 in macrophages. Mechanistically, we found that the foamy and inflammatory macrophage phenotype induced by HKCA requires FABP4 because disruption of FABP4 in macrophages either by chemical inhibitor BMS309404 or small interfering RNA (siRNA) abrogated foam cell formation and expression of inflammatory markers CD11b, CD11c, and IL-1β. Furthermore, HKCA-treated macrophages displayed high expression and secretion of MMP-9. Inhibition of FABP4 resulted in suppression of HCKA-induced MMP-9 production. Overall, our results demonstrate that C. albicans induces foam cell formation, inflammation, and MMP-9 expression in macrophages via the upregulation of FABP4, which may constitute a novel therapeutic target for treating C. albicans-induced atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Haider
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Fatema Al-Rashed
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Zahraa Albaqsumi
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Khaled Alobaid
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, Medical Laboratory Department, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Rawan Alqabandi
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics & Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +965-2224-2999 (ext. 4311)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Goodrich JM, Calkins MM, Caban-Martinez AJ, Stueckle T, Grant C, Calafat AM, Nematollahi A, Jung AM, Graber JM, Jenkins T, Slitt AL, Dewald A, Botelho JC, Beitel S, Littau S, Gulotta J, Wallentine D, Hughes J, Popp C, Burgess JL. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, epigenetic age and DNA methylation: a cross-sectional study of firefighters. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1619-1636. [PMID: 34670402 PMCID: PMC8549684 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent chemicals that firefighters encounter. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, could serve as PFASs toxicity biomarkers. Methods: With a sample size of 197 firefighters, we quantified the serum concentrations of nine PFASs, blood leukocyte DNA methylation and epigenetic age indicators via the EPIC array. We examined the associations between PFASs with epigenetic age, site- and region-specific DNA methylation, adjusting for confounders. Results: Perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and the sum of branched isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate (Sm-PFOS) were associated with accelerated epigenetic age. Branched PFOA, linear PFOS, perfluorononanoate, perfluorodecanoate and perfluoroundecanoate were associated with differentially methylated loci and regions. Conclusion: PFASs concentrations are associated with accelerated epigenetic age and locus-specific DNA methylation. The implications for PFASs toxicity merit further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Miriam M Calkins
- National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Alberto J Caban-Martinez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Todd Stueckle
- National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Casey Grant
- Fire Protection Research Foundation, Quincy, MA 02169, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Amy Nematollahi
- Department of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Alesia M Jung
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Judith M Graber
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Timothy Jenkins
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Angela L Slitt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Alisa Dewald
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Julianne Cook Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Shawn Beitel
- Department of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Sally Littau
- Department of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | | | - Jeff Hughes
- Orange County Fire Authority, Irvine, CA 92602, USA
| | | | - Jefferey L Burgess
- Department of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| |
Collapse
|